65-851: The islands and reefs of the Capricorn and Bunker Group are situated astride the Tropic of Capricorn at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef , approximately 80 kilometres east of Gladstone , which is situated on the central coast of the Gladstone Region , Queensland , Australia. Many of these islands form part of the Capricornia Cays National Park and are part of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area . The Capricorn and Bunker group of islands of
130-1021: A TED (conference) address, widely re-broadcast. In Australia , areas around the Tropic have some of the world's most variable rainfall . In the east advanced plants such as flowering shrubs and eucalyptus and in most bioregions grasses have adapted to cope with means such as deep roots and little transpiration . Wetter areas, seasonally watered, are widely pasture farmed. As to animals, birds and marsupials are well-adapted. Naturally difficult arable agriculture specialises in dry fruits, nuts and modest water consumption produce. Other types are possible given reliable irrigation sources and, ideally, water-retentive enriched or alluvial soils, especially wheat; shallow irrigation sources very widely dry up in and after drought years. The multi-ridge Great Dividing Range brings relief precipitation enough to make hundreds of kilometres either side cultivable, and its rivers are widely dammed to store necessary water; this benefits
195-631: A clear day. Geologically the cays are young, having developed during the Holocene period, they are mostly around 5000 years old. The sea level was much lower during the last ice age (at the end of the Pleistocene period) and the coastal plain on which today's reefs and cays developed was completely exposed. Early in the Holocene (around 10,000 years ago) the sea level began to rise, until it stabilised at its present level around 6000 years ago. Once
260-852: A deep water port in the South Pacific for Britain to expand its territories. After 1776, the American whale oil market suffered because of the high tariffs placed by Britain on American oil. The resulting glut of oil on the American market stopped production there. Whale oil was in demand in Europe for lighting cities and lubricating the machines of the Industrial Revolution . The sturdy, wide beamed whaling ships were well suited to serve as convict transports. For this reason, many American whalers migrated to London and served on British whaling ships transporting convicts to New South Wales . Among these
325-614: A few miles farther to the N.W. in the centre of a group of reefs and islands, under one thickly wooded island that afterwoods obtained the name if Heron Island ...... Jan 13 to 18 - The Fly, the Bramble and the boats were engaged in surveying the group of islands and reefs about, which, from the tropic of Capricorn running through them, have been called the Capricorn Group...... Jan 18 - Landed with Captain Blackwood on Wreck Island . This
390-575: A grant of 500 acres (202 hectares) at Cabramatta Creek , adjoining his Bankstown land. This he called Collingwood Dale . In 1809, Bunker sailed in command of the Venus from Bengal to Sydney. He married Margaret Macfarlane, widow of an officer of the East India Company . On his return he farmed on his Bankstown land, but his services as a mariner continued to be in demand. Bunker built Collingwood House at Liverpool in 1810, and his family moved there
455-453: A long shore at the distance of about 2 Miles off having from 12 to 9, 8 and 7 fathom water until 5 oClock at which time we were abreast of the South point of a large open bay where in I intended to anchor. accordingly we hauld in close upon a wind and sent a boat a head to sound. after making some trips we anchor'd at 8 oClock in 5 fathom water a Sandy bottom the South point of
520-564: A mixture of both. Cay stability is profoundly affected by cyclonic disturbance. The coral cays belong to two distinct types: The sand cays are all located to the lee of their reef flat, whereas the shingle cays, with the exception of Lady Musgrave, are located on the windward side. They vary in size, covering from one to 12 percent of the reef top surface area and there does not appear to be any correlation between island size, reef size, or stage of reef development. The Capricorn and Bunker Group contains 73–75 percent of all seabird biomass in
585-466: A result of the industry. Some remains of these activities are still evident. A good description of part of the operations from 1899 can be found below The Pacific Islands Company, having worked cut the guano deposits at Fairfax Island, Bunker Group, is now transferring their plant to North-west Island in the Capricorn Group, which will be "the head- quarters for some time to" come (says the "Bundaberg Star" of yesterday). The steamer Lady Musgrave , which
650-599: A ten o’clock discovered a group of low woody islets. They were named Bunker Isles The main charting exercise for all the islands and reefs was carried out in 1843 under the command of Captain Francis Price Blackwood in HMS ; Fly which was accompanied by Bramble . In 1841 Blackwood was appointed to command the corvette HMS Fly in the first hydrographic survey commissioned by the Admiralty for exploring and charting
715-543: Is also of significances as a fishery particularly for King Prawns. The Capricorn and Bunker Cays form part of a distinct geomorphic province at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef. The cays and their reefs lie on the western marginal shelf, and are separated from the mainland by the Curtis Channel. The cays are not generally visible from the mainland, although Masthead Island may be viewed from Mount Larcom on
SECTION 10
#1732851126964780-483: Is credited with developing "holistic management" in the 1960s and has led anti-desertification efforts in Africa for decades using a counterintuitive approach to most developed economies of increasing the number of livestock on grasslands rather than fencing them off for conservation. Such practices in this area have seen success and won generous awards; he gave the keynote speech at UNCCD's Land Day in 2018, and later that year
845-643: Is the largest coral cay in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. The islands have high natural values, notably breeding populations of seabirds, marine turtles and coral cay vegetation. Download coordinates as: The Capricorn Group of islands consists of nine coral cays: Additional to these are several reef structures separate from the individual island but still part of the Capricorn Group of islands including A tourist Resort and Marine Scientific Research Station have been established on Heron Island. A manned lighthouse operates at North Island and
910-585: Is widespread, where intensive, brief and rotational it helps to fertilise and stabilise the soil, preventing run-off and desertification . This approach is traditional to many tribes and promoted by government advisors such as Allan Savory , a Zimbabwean-born biologist, farmer, game rancher, politician and international consultant and co-founder of the Savory Institute . According to the United Nations University Our World dissemination he
975-645: The Atacama Desert , one of the driest in the world, so that no glaciers exist between Volcán Sajama at 18˚30'S and Cerro Tres Cruces at 27˚S . Vegetation here is almost non-existent, though on the eastern slopes of the Andes rainfall is adequate for rainfed agriculture . Starting at the Prime Meridian and heading eastwards, the Tropic of Capricorn passes through 10 countries: Download coordinates as: The following cities and landmarks are either located near
1040-593: The Diamantina River . In most years, their waters are absorbed into the earth or evaporate, but when there is sufficient rainfall in their catchment area, these rivers flow into Lake Eyre , South Australia. One of the most significant rainfall events occurred in 2010 when a monsoonal low from ex- Cyclone Olga created a period of exceptional rainfall. El Niño adverse phases cause a shift in atmospheric circulation; rainfall becomes reduced over Indonesia and Australia, rainfall and tropical cyclone formation increases over
1105-637: The Mississippi basin , even against like-to-like soil fertilisers . Rivers have been successfully dammed particularly flowing from relief precipitation areas (high eminences) and those from the edge of the Great Rift Valley , such as the Zambezi , well within the Tropics. This, with alluvial or enriched soil, enables substantial yield grain farming in areas with good soil. Across this large region pasture farming
1170-704: The Southern Temperate Zone to the south and the Tropics to the north. The Northern Hemisphere equivalent of the Tropic of Capricorn is the Tropic of Cancer . The Tropic of Capricorn's position is not fixed, but constantly changes because of a slight wobble in the Earth's longitudinal alignment relative to its orbit around the Sun. Earth's axial tilt varies over a 41,000 year period from about 22.1 to 24.5 degrees and currently resides at about 23.4 degrees. This wobble means that
1235-627: The Third Fleet of ships that brought settlers to Australia. Captain Eber Bunker, 30 years old at the time, was selected to be Master of one of these convict transport ships , the William and Ann . The William and Ann departed from Plymouth, England on 27 March 1791, with its cargo of 188 convicts and a company of soldiers. The ship arrived at Sydney Cove on 28 August 1791 with 181 surviving convicts. Leaving Port Jackson on 24 October 1791, Bunker of
1300-560: The Wellington . While he was away his second wife (Margaret) died, and on his return he married, on 28 April 1823, Ann, widow of William Minchin . In 1824-25 he made a final whaling voyage in the Alfred to the Santa Cruz Islands . By 1828, Bunker held 1600 acres (648 hectares), of which 340 (138 hectares) were cleared. He died at Collingwood on 27 September 1836, aged 74, and was buried in
1365-777: The William and Ann and Captain Thomas Melvill of the Britannia led the first ever whaling expedition in Australian waters. Between them the two vessels took seven whales but a strong gale caused most of them to be cast adrift and the two ships returned to Port Jackson with only one whale each, which they processed on the shore. Bunker and William Raven led a second expedition to Dusky Sound in New Zealand before returning to England with seal skins, in addition to whale oil. He next commanded
SECTION 20
#17328511269641430-798: The whaling ship Albion was the first European to discover the region and gave his name to the southern group. The Mitchell Library holds a portrait of Eber Bunker wearing a white waistcoat and white linen ruffled shirt each with stand collars, a white stock at neckline, and a navy blue wool double-breasted jacket with brass buttons titled Captain Eber Bunker, 1760–1836, The first of the Whalers, Arrived New South Wales 1791 . The southern cays and reefs were first chartered between 1819 and 1821 by Lieutenant Phillip Parker King Royal Navy initially in Mermaid and later in Bathurst . July 19, 1820 we steered on, and,
1495-461: The 1930s. The island had been a hub for a number of pleasure cruises when eventually more extensive construction of tourist facilities occurred in 1938 and 1939 at Lady Musgrave Island, including six cottages and other facilities. In 1932 Captain Christian Poulsen, engaged in bringing fishing parties to the reef, realised the potential of Heron Island as a tourist attraction. In 1936 he bought
1560-642: The American frigate Essex had captured, and which mutineers and prisoners of war had retaken at the Marquesas . In 1817 he sailed the American ship Enterprize to the sealing grounds and returned from Bengal in 1818 in the Dragon . In 1821 Bunker was promised a grant of 600 acres (243 hectares) at Ravensworth on the Hunter River , and was given a permit to proceed to the country south and west of Bargo with 100 cattle and two servants. He then went to England to buy
1625-562: The Australian coast and later the New Zealand coast. Bunker returned to Britain with a cargo of 155 barrels of whale oil. In 1803, during another whaling voyage from England in Albion , Bunker was the first European to discover the Capricorn and Bunker Group of islands. This group of islands and reefs, situated astride the Tropic of Capricorn , is located at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef (roughly 80 kilometers east of Gladstone , off
1690-505: The Australian coastline in Investigator , a 334-ton sloop, to make a survey along the southern coast of the Australian mainland he passed inshore of the island group. WEDNESDAY 4 AUGUST 1802, the wind had shifted gradually round, from north to the south-westward; and at noon the north head of Bustard, Bay was brought to bear S. 16° E., four leagues, our latitude being then 23° 48', and longitude 151° 40'. A low island
1755-479: The Barrier Reef Phosphate (Guano) Syndicate. It is unsure if the project ever succeed in the removal of guano from Hoskyn Islands. Turtle soup canneries operated on North West Island from 1904–14 and 1924–26, and on Heron Island from 1925–29. Old boilers and other remnants from these activities remain on site. A concrete slab is the only remnant of a resort which operated at Lady Musgrave Island during
1820-585: The Bay bore E3/4 South distance 2 Miles and the north point NW1/4 N and about 2 Miles from the ^shore in the bottom of the bay........... In the AM I went a shore with a party of men in order to examine the Country accompanied by Mr Banks and the other gentlemen. we landed alittle within the South point of the Bay where there is a channel leading into a large Lagoon During Matthew Flinders ' exploration of
1885-611: The Capricorn and Bunker Groups provide habitat for thousands of nesting seabirds , including The breeding season is between October and April. Tropic of Capricorn The Tropic of Capricorn (or the Southern Tropic ) is the circle of latitude that contains the subsolar point at the December (or southern) solstice . It is thus the southernmost latitude where the Sun can be seen directly overhead. It also reaches 90 degrees below
1950-640: The Galapagos Islands in November of that year. Pomona returned to London 18 August 1797, a full ship. Bunker returned in 1799 to New South Wales in command of the 362-ton ( bm ) whaling ship , Albion . This ship was built in Deptford , England. Owned by Messrs Champion and registered in London, Albion was fitted with 10 guns and had a crew of 26. Bunker and Albion spent the next two winters whaling, first off
2015-543: The Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. All the cays, except Broomfield Cay, have been identified as significant seabird breeding islands. In recent years, a colony of lesser crested tern Sterna bengalensis has used Broomfield Cay for breeding. Up to eight seabird species breed on Masthead Island , One Tree Island and Wreck Island , and seven species are recorded from Tryon Island , Erskine Island and Fairfax Islands . The islands making up
Capricorn and Bunker Group - Misplaced Pages Continue
2080-452: The June solstice (Southern Hemisphere winter). During the December solstice (Southern Hemisphere summer), there are 13 hours, 35 minutes of daylight. The length of the Tropic of Capricorn at 23°26′11.7″S is 36,788 km (22,859 mi). In most of this belt of southern Africa , a minimum of seasonal rainfall is reliable and farming is possible, though yields struggle to compete with for example
2145-724: The London whaler Pomona . That vessel departed London for the South Seas in December 1794 under the command of Captain Charles Clark. It was captured by a French privateer in February 1795. It was re-taken by the Susanna of Liverpool and taken to Cork, Ireland. Pomona departed Cork for the South Seas under Captain Bunker in June 1795. The vessel was reported off the coast of Chile in January 1796 and among
2210-442: The Tropic of Capricorn is currently drifting northward at a rate of almost half an arcsecond (0.468″) of latitude, or 15 metres, per year (it was at exactly 23° 27′S in 1917 and will be at 23° 26'S in 2045). Therefore, the distance between Arctic Circle and the Tropic of Capricorn is essentially constant moving in tandem. See under circles of latitude for information. There are approximately 10 hours, 41 minutes of daylight during
2275-560: The Tropic of Capricorn, or the tropic passes through them. As most of Earth's land is in the Northern Hemisphere only four countries are wholly south of the Tropic of Capricorn (which contrasts with 73, about one third of the current total, wholly north of the Tropic of Cancer ): 23°26′10.6″S 0°0′0″W / 23.436278°S -0.00000°E / -23.436278; -0.00000 ( Prime Meridian ) Eber Bunker Eber Bunker (1761–1836)
2340-595: The University of Sydney operates a field research station on One Tree Island. The Bunker Group consists of five coral cays: In association with During Captain James Cook 's first voyage of discovery he sailed well inside the island group between 21 and 25 May 1770, typically two to five miles (3.2 to 8.0 km) offshore. He then made his second landing in Australia at the town of 1770. Wednesday 23rd Continued our Course
2405-548: The brig Pegasus for New Zealand, Tongatapu and New Caledonia in search of the Harrington , which had been stolen by convicts. In the summer of 1809, Bunker conducted a sealing expedition off southern New Zealand in the Pegasus, where he charted Foveaux Strait . William Stewart was first officer and made charts of the New Zealand coast, including Stewart Island , which was subsequently named after him. On his return Bunker took up
2470-545: The broad passages between. On 7 January 1843, was the first time that the crew of Fly set foot on the First Bunker Island ( Lady Elliot Island ). Fly then carried on and on 10 January 1843, anchored off One Tree Island and gave the island its name. The crew of Fly landed on this island the following day The single tree (which was in fact a small clump of common pandanus of these seas, with its roots exposed above ground)....... On January the 12th We anchored
2535-510: The cays. A lighthouse was constructed on Lady Musgrave Island in April 1974. Much of this area comes under the Capricornia Cays National Park with current usages including camping, permitted on three cays up to the following limits: The area also has many visits by both passing vessels cruising the Queensland cost and day trippers in fast jet catamarans (typically Lady Musgrave Island). The area
2600-562: The central coast of Queensland ). Bunker named the southern group of islands after himself. Later in 1803, Governor King chartered Bunker and Albion to carry the first settlers, along with stores and cattle, to Risdon Cove on the Derwent River in Tasmania . As part of his compensation for this voyage, Bunker received a land grant of 400 acres (162 hectares), which he named Collingwood, on Georges River near Bankstown , immediately south of
2665-657: The coast, was seen in the following year by Mr. Bunker, commander of the Albion, south whaler. He described the cluster to be of considerable extent, and as lying in latitude 23¾°, and longitude about 152½°; or nearly a degree to the eastward of the low isle above mentioned. It is probably to these islands, whose existence captain Cook suspected, that the great flights of boobies he saw in Hervey's Bay retire at night.] In 1803 Captain Eber Bunker of
Capricorn and Bunker Group - Misplaced Pages Continue
2730-516: The enormous expenses associated with starting a new colony on a virtually uncharted continent in another hemisphere, England elected to establish a penal colony at Botany Bay under the leadership of Captain Arthur Phillip . This project was undertaken in part to relieve overcrowding in the English prisons , as well as to establish a new source for timber and other raw materials, and also to establish
2795-650: The following year. Bunker contributed significantly to the development of the pastoral industry in New South Wales. After he was granted permission to send stock and shepherds to the south and west of Bargo and Keepit on the Namoi River , Bunker established a regular supply of fresh meat to the Government Stores. In 1814 at Governor Macquarie ' s request he returned to England aboard the Seringapatam , which
2860-470: The future town site of the City of Liverpool (New South Wales) . In August 1806, after the voyage to Tasmania, he arrived in Sydney as master of the Elizabeth , bringing his wife Margrett and five children from England to live with him. The Bunker family home in Sydney was in the Rocks overlooking the harbor, at a place known as Bunker’s Hill . Bunker's wife Margrett died in March 1808. Apparently, this did not slow Bunker down, as in May 1808 he sailed in
2925-430: The horizon at solar midnight on the June Solstice . Its northern equivalent is the Tropic of Cancer . The Tropic of Capricorn is one of the five major circles of latitude marked on maps of Earth . Its latitude is currently 23°26′09.8″ (or 23.43605°) south of the Equator , but it is very gradually moving northward, currently at the rate of 0.47 arcseconds , or 15 metres, per year. When this line of latitude
2990-441: The ketch again, and it was decided to make for Burnett Heads, which were not reached, as stated, till 4 p.m. the same day. The Loma Doone apparently got through all right, for she was reported off Bustard Head on Sunday, and is expected to arrive here tomorrow Yet latter during September 1933 the leases and guano rights of Fairfax and Hoskyn Islands, off Gladstone, were sold by auction at Gladstone. They were bought on behalf of
3055-520: The lease of the island for £290 and set up a tourist resort which is still in operation. East and West Fairfax Islands were used as a bombing range by the Royal Australian Air Force and Royal Australian Navy from the 1940s through to the 1960s. It is likely that during World War II Lady Musgrave reef was also used for bombing practice "with the reef now practically a marine desert" as reported in 1952. Historic and other shipwrecks, as well as an aircraft wreck, are located on several reefs surrounding
3120-514: The north-east Australian coast. Fly , fitted with costly instruments, and carrying two scientists, Joseph Jukes, geologist, and John MacGillivray, zoologist, sailed from Falmouth in April 1842 with the cutter Bramble , under the charge of Lieutenant Charles Yule. After a stop in Hobart Town from August to October, the two ships called at Sydney and began the survey in December 1842. In the next three years Fly charted from Sandy Cape to Whitsunday Island, including Swain Reefs and Capricorn Islands and
3185-421: The old Church of England cemetery at Liverpool. Once described by Governor Macquarie as 'a very able and expert Seaman... and of a Most respectable Character', he had been a leading member of the community in New South Wales. He has been called the 'father of Australian whaling'. The Mitchell Library holds a portrait of Eber Bunker wearing a white waistcoat and white linen ruffled shirt each with stand collars,
3250-411: The sea level stabilised, it was possible for reef flats to expand and provide potential sites for the formation of cays. Four distinct reef types occur within the Capricorn and Bunker Groups The cays occur on planar reefs of various sizes and with various levels of exposure to the prevailing winds. These factors have largely determined cay size and composition, which consists either of shingle, sand, or
3315-411: The settled areas of New South Wales and Queensland . Behind the end of the green hills, away from the Pacific , which is subject to warm, negative phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (colloquially this is an "El Niño year/season") is a white, red and yellow landscape of 2,800 to 3,300 kilometres of rain shadow heading west in turn feature normally arid cattle lands of the Channel Country ,
SECTION 50
#17328511269643380-417: The soles of a pair of child’s shoes, some bottles, some broken dishes, and an old cask. I believe the wreck was that of a whaler, and that the crew were taken off by another whaler, as there were no signs of either graves or bones. The naturalist, Professor J. Beete Jukes, was on board HMS Fly and his published journal provides valuable information on some of the cays. The mining of guano (bird droppings)
3445-546: The southern Great Barrier Reef lies between 45 and 75 km (28 and 47 mi) from the adjacent departure ports and urban centres of Yeppoon , Gladstone , Town of 1770 and Bundaberg . The Capricorn and Bunker groups (including Lady Elliot Island and Reef) are a distinct group of 22 reefs straddling the Tropic of Capricorn , at the southern end of the Great Barrier Reef. There are 16 permanent coral cays on these reefs , including twin cays on Hoskyn and Fairfax Reefs. North West Island (105 hectares, 260 acres)
3510-416: The subtropical anticyclones and thus receives warm and humid air from the Atlantic Ocean . As a result, areas in Brazil adjacent to the Tropic are impressively productive agricultural regions, producing large quantities of crops such as sugarcane , and the natural rainforest vegetation has been almost entirely cleared, except for a few remaining patches of Atlantic Forest . Further south in Argentina ,
3575-406: The temperate grasslands of the Pampas region is equally influential in wheat , soybeans , maize , and beef , making the country one of the largest worldwide agricultural exporters, similar to the role played by the Prairies region in Canada . West of the Andes, which creates a rain shadow , the air is further cooled and dried by the cold Humboldt Current which makes it very arid, creating
3640-402: The tropical Pacific. The low-level surface trade winds , which normally blow from east to west along the equator, either weaken or start blowing from the other direction. In South America , whilst in the continental cratons soils are almost as old as in Australia and Southern Africa, the presence of the geologically young and evolving Andes means that this region is on the western side of
3705-415: The white Kati Thanda-Lake Eyre National Park , the mainly red Mamungari Conservation Park , then the Gibson Desert , after others the dry landscape settlement of Kalbarri on the west coast and its rest, northward. The Channel Country features an arid landscape with a series of ancient flood plains from rivers which only flow intermittently. The principal rivers are Georgina River , Cooper Creek and
3770-440: Was Captain Eber Bunker. Bunker was already well-established in England by the time he was 25 years old. On 16 November 1786 at St. George-in-the-East, Middlesex , England , Eber Bunker married Margrett Thompson, daughter of Henry Thompson and his wife Isabella (née Collingwood, who was first cousin to Admiral Cuthbert Collingwood ). In 1791, five of the whaling ships owned by Samuel Enderby & Sons were chartered as part of
3835-549: Was a sea captain and pastoralist , and he was born on 7 March 1761 at Plymouth, Massachusetts . He commanded one of the first vessels to go whaling and sealing off the coast of Australia. His parents were James Bunker and his wife Hannah, née Shurtleff. When England lost its American colonies in 1776 in the American Revolutionary War , it lost an important source of raw materials as well as its established dumping grounds for convicted criminals . Consequently, England saw an urgent need to replace these critical resources. Despite
3900-505: Was carried out by J. T. Arundel & Co, a company controlled by John T. Arundel that evolved into the Pacific Islands Company. Mining occurred on Lady Musgrave Island , Fairfax Islands and North West Island during the 1890s. This was an extension of a more substantial guano mining operation on Lady Elliot Island to the south and several of the south Coral Sea Islands particularly Bird Islet part of Wreck Reefs and Raine Island , where profound impacts on vegetation were sustained as
3965-452: Was chartered by the company for this work, returned to Bundaberg on Sunday afternoon, bringing Mr. A. E. Ellis, the local manager, and account forty Japanese, whose services are being dispensed with. The captain of the Lady Musgrave reports that he had helped to complete the work of removal from Fairfax to North-east Island. In about ten days, but, owing to the bad weather experienced, it occupied sixteen days to get through with It. So bad
SECTION 60
#17328511269644030-403: Was named in the last centuries BC , the Sun was in the constellation Capricornus at the December solstice . This is the date each year when the Sun reaches zenith at this latitude, the southernmost declination it reaches for the year. (Due to the precession of the equinoxes the Sun currently appears in Sagittarius at this solstice.) The Tropic of Capricorn is the dividing line between
4095-471: Was seen from the mast head, bearing north at the supposed distance of six leagues, of which captain Cook does not make any mention;* and the furthest visible part of the main land was a conspicuous hill, named Mount Larcom, in compliment to captain Larcom of the navy. It bore W. ½° N., ten or eleven leagues; but the coast line between it and the north head of Bustard Bay, seemed to be much broken. [* A cluster of low islands, about fifteen leagues from
4160-488: Was so named for part of a vessel 6 or 700 tons. The island was about a quarter of a mile long and not more than 100 yards broad; a pile of sand covered by thick bushes. Jan 21 Captain Blackwood and Mr Evans being ashore to "take sights" for the chronometers, found on the island some traces of the wrecked crew. On one tree was cut "The America, June 1831;" on another "Mary Ann Broughton;" on another "Capt. E. David;" and "Nelson November, 1831." There were likewise
4225-439: Was the weather, that in fourteen days the vessel was only able to Steam for fifty hours, the steamer having to take shelter behind one of the islands from the heavy squalls and rain. The Lady Musgrave left Fairfax Island at 4 p.m. on Saturday, with the ketch Loma Doone in tow. Heavy weather was encountered, and at 3 p.m. on Sunday the line parted, and not withstanding all the efforts made, it proved impossible to pick up
#963036