51-636: The Capital Ring is a strategic circular walking route in London, around 125 km (78 mi) in length. It is promoted by London's 33 local councils, led by the City of London Corporation in partnership with the Greater London Authority and its functional body for regional transport, Transport for London , through which much of the funding is provided. It is called a "ring" because the route completely encircles inner and central London. The official start of
102-521: A British, Irish, Commonwealth or EU citizen. Common Council elections are held every four years, most recently in March 2022. Common councilmen may use the postnominals CC. Each year, the common councilmen elect one of their number to serve as Chief Commoner, an honorific office which 'serves to recognise the distinguished contribution the office holder is likely to have made to the City Corporation over
153-680: A citizen of the United Kingdom, or a Commonwealth country, and either: Each body or organisation, whether unincorporated or incorporated, whose premises are within the City of London may appoint a number of voters based on the number of workers it employs. Limited liability partnerships fall into this category. Bodies employing fewer than ten workers may appoint one voter, those employing ten to fifty workers may appoint one voter for every five; those employing more than fifty workers may appoint ten voters and one additional voter for every fifty workers beyond
204-567: A further signposted 'Capital Ring Link' to the nearest railway or underground station. Additionally, there are waymarked 'Capital Ring Links' to stations midway along some sections. Beckenham Junction station Kent House station Penge East station (route passes through it) Penge West station Wandsworth Common station (route passes through it) Earlsfield station (route passes by it) Northwick Park underground station Hendon station Finsbury Park station Gallions Reach DLR (route passes by it) and King George V DLR Here
255-687: A local authority. The Corporation does not have general authority over the Middle Temple and the Inner Temple , two of the Inns of Court adjoining the west of the City which are historic extra-parochial areas , but many statutory functions of the Corporation are extended into these two areas. The chief executive of the administrative side of the Corporation holds the ancient office of Town Clerk of London . Because of its accumulated wealth and responsibilities,
306-546: A period of years.' The Chief Commoner is expected to champion the Court of Common Council, to work to uphold its rights and privileges, and to offer advice and counsel to its members. They also represent the court on various different committees, support the lord mayor in the business of the Corporation and are prominently present on ceremonial occasions. The Chief Commoner is elected in October of each year and holds office for one year from
357-914: A total of 117 km (73 mi). The total is only 115 km (71 mi) according to the Ramblers ; the Transport for London website gives it as 126 km (78 mi). Plotting the official route on digital 1:25,000 mapping gives a length of about 120 km (75 mi). The southern section of the Capital Ring, from Woolwich to Richmond Park, provides the route for the 55 km (34 mi) London Ultra Marathon . City of London Corporation Sadiq Khan ( L ) Statutory Deputy Mayor Joanne McCartney ( L/Co ) London Assembly Lord Mayor Peter Estlin London boroughs ( list ) Vacant The City of London Corporation , officially and legally
408-579: Is complex: as the corporation itself says: "The right of the City to run its own affairs was gradually won as concessions were gained from the Crown. Both the Guildhall Historical Association and Paul Jagger, author of The City of London Freeman's Guide and City of London: Secrets of the Square Mile explain that it is incorrect to say that this is a symbol of the submission of the Crown to
459-615: Is undoubtedly the case that we have more tradition and pageantry than most", for example the yearly Lord Mayor's Show . There are eight formal ceremonies involving the Corporation: The historic ceremony of the monarch halting at Temple Bar and being met by the lord mayor, also called the Pearl Sword Ceremony , has often featured in art and literature. It is commented on in televised coverage of modern-day royal ceremonial processions. Tax journalist Nicholas Shaxson described
510-781: The Bakerloo line of the London Underground and the Lioness line of the London Overground . The station lies between Kenton and North Wembley stations. It is located between The Link in the Sudbury Court Estate of North Wembley , and Windermere Grove in Kenton, in the Wembley postal area. The station opened on 3 July 1933 with access from both sides of the railway via a footbridge to
561-510: The Beverley Brook Walk and then crosses Richmond Park . While the route passes within about 100 metres of King Henry VIII's Mound , with its protected view of St Paul's Cathedral , this is not indicated on the signposts for the route. Walk 7 continues from Richmond along the Thames, before deviating through old Isleworth , then through the grounds of Syon Park . It then continues along
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#1732852654596612-463: The City of London Police – separate from the Metropolitan Police , which polices the remainder of Greater London. Each ward may choose a number of common councilmen. A common councilman must be a registered voter in a City ward, own a freehold or lease land in the City, or reside in the City for the year prior to the election. The individual must also be over 21; a Freeman of the City ; and
663-550: The Edgware Road , M1 motorway and A41 to reach Hendon Park , near Hendon Central Underground station . Walk 11 starts at Hendon Park, again following the River Brent and Mutton Brook through Hampstead Garden Suburb . It passes East Finchley Underground station , Cherry Tree Wood and Highgate Wood (complete with a tea shop, interpretive display, and green grassy picnic area). From here it passes through Queen's Wood to
714-861: The Grand Union Canal to Osterley Lock. Here the Capital Ring comprises two walks, walk 8 and 9. Points of interest in this section include the River Brent , the Wharncliffe Viaduct , Horsenden Hill (with panoramic views) and Harrow School . The Capital Ring's most distant part from central London is in near Harrow (about 10 miles from Charing Cross). The Capital Ring comprises two walks, walk 10 and 11, in North London. Walk 10 starts from South Kenton railway station , crosses Preston Park and passes Preston Road underground station , before reaching Fryent Country Park . It then heads south and east to Brent Reservoir and West Hendon where it crosses
765-437: The Greater London Authority . It is a corporation in the sense of being a municipal corporation rather than a company; it is deemed to be the citizens and other eligible parties acting as one corporate body to manage the City's affairs. Both businesses and residents of the City, or "Square Mile", are entitled to vote in corporation elections. In addition to its functions as the local authority (analogous to those undertaken by
816-514: The Mayor and Commonalty and Citizens of the City of London , is the local authority of the City of London , the historic centre of London and the location of much of the United Kingdom 's financial sector . In 2006, the name was changed from Corporation of London as the corporate body needed to be distinguished from the geographical area to avoid confusion with the wider London local government,
867-606: The Royal Albert Dock and London City Airport . This walk ends at the Woolwich foot tunnel under the Thames which leads back to the start of the Ring. Authorities do not agree on the length of the route. Walk London give the length as 125 km (78 mi), though the distances they give for the 15 sections sum to 133 km (83 mi), and they quote an average length of the 15 sections of 7.8 km (4.8 mi), which produces
918-678: The 32 boroughs that administer the rest of Greater London ) the City of London Corporation takes responsibility for supporting the financial services industry and representing its interests. The corporation's structure includes the Lord Mayor , the Court of Aldermen , the Court of Common Council , and the Freemen and Livery of the City. The "Liberties and Customs" of the City of London are guaranteed in Magna Carta 's clause IX, which remains in statute. In
969-541: The Anglo-Saxon period, consultation between London's rulers and its citizens took place at the Folkmoot. Administration and judicial processes were conducted at the Court of Husting and the administrative part of the court's work evolved into the Court of Aldermen. There is no surviving record of a charter first establishing the corporation as a legal body, but the City is regarded as incorporated by prescription, meaning that
1020-687: The Capital Ring comprises three walks, 1 to 3. These are part of the South East London Green Chain . It starts from the Woolwich foot tunnel and ends in Crystal Palace Park . Points of interest in this section include the Thames Barrier , Severndroog Castle , Eltham Palace and the remains of The Crystal Palace . In this section, the trail comprises two walks, walk 4 and 5. Points of interest in this section include Biggin Wood (one of
1071-404: The Capital Ring comprises two walks. Walk 14 passes through the area used for the London 2012 Summer Olympics , including the new Pudding Mill Lane DLR station . This walk follows The Greenway for most of its distance passing Abbey Mills Pumping Station , sometimes known as the ‘Cathedral of Sewage’, that was built by Joseph Bazalgette. Walk 15 explores docklands with fine views over the Thames,
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#17328526545961122-550: The City as a central business district led to this falling to below 5,000 after the Second World War. It has risen slightly to around 9,000 since, largely due to the development of the Barbican Estate . As it has not been affected by other municipal legislation over the period of time since then, its electoral practice has become increasingly anomalous. Therefore, the non-residential vote (or business vote ), abolished in
1173-559: The City of London . The City of London Corporation had its privileges stripped by a writ quo warranto under Charles II in 1683, but they were later restored and confirmed by Act of Parliament under William III and Mary II in 1690, after the Glorious Revolution . With growing demands on the Corporation and a corresponding need to raise local taxes from the commoners, the Common Council grew in importance and has been
1224-412: The City of London in Common Council assembled . The "Court" is the primary decision-making body of the City of London Corporation and meets nine times per year, though most of its work is carried out by committees. The Common Council is the police authority for the City of London, a police area that covers the City including the Inner Temple and Middle Temple and which has its own police force –
1275-467: The City's commoners and this was eventually recognised with commoners being represented by the Court of Common Council, known by that name since at least as far back as 1376. The earliest records of the business habits of the City's chamberlains and common clerks, and the proceedings of the courts of Common Council and Aldermen, begin in 1275, and are recorded in fifty volumes known as the Letter-Books of
1326-558: The City, due to their residence in that district, maintain the right to vote in their 'home' district. The City of London is divided into twenty-five wards , each of which is an electoral division, electing one alderman and a number of councilmen based on the size of the electorate. The numbers below reflect the changes caused by the City of London (Ward Elections) Act and a recent ward boundary review. There are over one hundred livery companies in London. The companies originated as guilds or trade associations. The senior members of
1377-558: The City, with Jagger writing: The Sovereign does not ask to be admitted. The carriage bearing the King or Queen does not halt without the bar, but drives straight across the boundary and halts just within the City. [...] Can the Press be deflected from their story of the Sovereign asking permission to enter the City! It has been repeated for well over a century. [...] The ceremony is an acknowledgement by
1428-399: The Corporation has a number of officers and officials unique to its structure who enjoy more autonomy than most local council officials, and each of whom has a separate budget: There are others: The first direct elections to Common Council took place in 1384. Before that date the representatives of the wards had been elected by the livery companies; originally they were merely appointed by
1479-616: The Mayer of the Queen's sovereignty in the City and may take place at the point of entry where it may be. It so happens the entry is most usually at Temple Bar. Wherever the Lord Mayor meets the Sovereign, if the sword is present, it should be surrendered. South Kenton railway station South Kenton is an interchange station in Kenton , north-west London . The station is served by suburban services on
1530-631: The Northern Line's Highgate Underground station . The Capital Ring is made up of two walks, walk 12 and 13. Walk 12 covers Highgate to Stoke Newington , and walk 13 Stoke Newington to Hackney Wick . Walk 12 starts at the Priory Gardens entrance to Highgate Underground station and follows the Parkland Walk past Crouch End to Finsbury Park . After crossing the park it follows the New River past
1581-453: The Sheriffs are chosen for terms of one year. The Lord Mayor fulfils several roles: The ancient and continuing office of Lord Mayor of London (with responsibility for the City of London) should not be confused with the office of Mayor of London (responsible for the whole of Greater London and created in 2000). The role of Lord Mayor of London is largely ceremonial. Political leadership on
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1632-532: The Stoke Newington reservoirs. It then crosses Clissold Park and Abney Park Cemetery before reaching Stoke Newington railway station ; Stoke Newington is also served by the 73 bus . Walk 13 heads east through the streets of Lower Clapton to Springfield Park before following the River Lee Navigation south through Lea Bridge to White Post Lane, near Hackney Wick railway station . In this area,
1683-475: The aldermen. The City of London Corporation was not reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 , because it had a more extensive electoral franchise than any other borough or city; in fact, it widened this further with its own equivalent legislation allowing one to become a freeman without being a liveryman . In 1801, the City had a population of about 130,000, but increasing development of
1734-465: The brick and woodwork LNWR stations elsewhere on the DC line. The station is an island platform and Bakerloo line train doors are not level with it. Therefore, there is a downward step to the train from the platform. The ticket office is at platform level and occupies the north end of the streamlined 1933 building. It is one of the three stations served by London Underground which has no ticket gates and due to
1785-515: The ceremony in an article in the New Statesman : Whenever The Queen makes a State entry to the City, she meets a red cord raised by City police at Temple Bar, and then engages in a colourful ceremony involving the Lord Mayor, his Sword , assorted Aldermen and Sheriffs, and a character called the Remembrancer. In this ceremony, the Lord Mayor recognises The Queen's authority, but the relationship
1836-484: The citizens of London a charter confirming the rights and privileges that they had enjoyed since the time of Edward the Confessor . Numerous subsequent royal charters over the centuries confirmed and extended the citizens' rights. Around 1189, the City gained the right to have its own mayor, later being advanced to the degree and style of Lord Mayor of London . Over time, the Court of Aldermen sought increasing help from
1887-444: The construction of drains it had responsibility for the prevention of flooding; paving, cleaning and lighting the City of London's streets; and churchyards and burials. The individual commissioners were previously nominated by the Corporation, but it was a separate body. The Corporation had earlier limited rating powers in relation to raising funds for the City of London Police , as well as the militia rate and some rates in relation to
1938-450: The corporation is instead provided by the chair of the policy and resources committee (also known as the policy chairman), who is sometimes described as the "de facto political leader". The policy chairman represents the City on the leaders' committee of London Councils , alongside the leaders of the 32 London Boroughs. Since 1984, the policy chairmen have been: Stuart Fraser, the Corporation's Deputy Policy chairman wrote in 2011 "it
1989-466: The few remnants of the Great North Wood ), Streatham Common , Tooting Bec Lido and Wandsworth Common . The part around Balham and Earlsfield is the nearest part of the ring to central London (about 4.5 miles from Charing Cross). Here the Capital Ring comprises two walks, walk 6 and 7. Walk 6 consists of a brief walk through suburban Wimbledon Park , then crosses Wimbledon Common , intersects
2040-434: The first fifty. Though workers count as part of a workforce regardless of nationality, only certain individuals may be appointed as voters. Under section 5 of the City of London (Ward Elections) Act 2002 , the following are eligible to be appointed as voters (the qualifying date is 1 September of the year of the election): Voters appointed by businesses who are also entitled to vote in a local authority district other than
2091-416: The following April. The work of the City of London Corporation is primarily carried out through a range of committees: The Lord Mayor of London and the two Sheriffs are chosen by liverymen meeting at Common Hall. Sheriffs, who serve as assistants to the Lord Mayor, are chosen on Midsummer Day . The Lord Mayor, who must have previously been a Sheriff, is chosen on Michaelmas . Both the Lord Mayor and
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2142-407: The general requirements of the Corporation. The Corporation is unique among British local authorities for its continuous legal existence over many centuries, and for having the power to alter its own constitution, which is done by an Act of Common Council. Local government legislation often makes special provision for the City to be treated as a London borough and for the Common Council to act as
2193-516: The law presumes it to have been incorporated because it has for so long been regarded as such (e.g. Magna Carta states that "the City of London shall have/enjoy its ancient liberties"). The City of London Corporation has been granted various special privileges since the Norman Conquest , and the Corporation's first recorded royal charter dates from around 1067, when William the Conqueror granted
2244-432: The livery companies, known as liverymen , form a special electorate known as Common Hall. Common Hall is the body that chooses the lord mayor, the sheriffs and certain other City officers. Wards originally elected aldermen for life, but the term is now only six years. Aldermen may, if they so choose, submit to an election before the six-year period ends. In any case, an election must be held no later than six years after
2295-474: The previous election. The sole qualification for the office is that aldermen must be Freemen of the City ; candidates are not required to be a resident, leaseholder or freehold owner of land in the ward in which they seek to run, nor even of the City of London. Alderman serve on the Court of Common Council concurrent with their service on the Court of Alderman. Additionally, they select the Recorder of London ,
2346-533: The principal governing body of the City of London since the 18th century. In January 1898, the Common Council gained the full right to collect local rates when the City of London Sewers Act 1897 transferred the powers and duties of the Commissioners of Sewers of the City of London to the Corporation. A separate Commission of Sewers was created for the City of London after the Great Fire in 1666, and as well as
2397-436: The rest of the country in 1969 , became an increasingly large part of the electorate. The non-residential vote system used disfavoured incorporated companies. The City of London (Ward Elections) Act 2002 greatly increased the business franchise, allowing many more businesses to be represented. In 2009, the business vote was about 24,000, greatly exceeding residential voters. Eligible voters must be at least 18 years old and
2448-538: The restrictive layout here there are no plans for these to be installed in the immediate future. There is no wheelchair access. The new London Overground line names and colours were introduced across the London rail network in November 2024 There are four trains per hour on the Bakerloo line of the London Underground heading southbound towards Central London and Elephant & Castle and northbound to Harrow & Wealdstone . There are also four trains per hour on
2499-609: The route is the Woolwich foot tunnel , but the nature of the route means that it can be started or finished at any point. The route signs feature a logo showing Big Ben in a ring of arrows. The idea originated in 1990 at one of the early meetings of the London Walking Forum, and the route was completed in September 2005. It passes through green areas of urban and suburban London. Some Capital Ring sections start and/or end at public transport stops. However, most sections involve
2550-527: The senior Circuit judge on the Central Criminal Court , who sits on the Court of Alderman, and serve of boards as governors and trustees for various institutions with connections to the city. Alderman are also ex officio justices of the peace . The Court of Common Council , also known as the Common Council of the City of London , is formally referred to as the Mayor, Aldermen, and Commons of
2601-465: The single island platform serving only the Watford DC line ; this footbridge (which started at the bottom of the embankment) was later replaced by a pedestrian tunnel, cutting out a long climb for passengers entering the station. The station designed by the architect William Henry Hamlyn was built in a more modern "concrete and glass" style construction including a "streamlined" waiting room rather than
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