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13-529: Cambridge Cable Ltd. was a limited company engaged in the provision of early video on demand . It provided cable infrastructure in the UK as part of the Cambridge Digital Interactive Television Trial (Cambridge iTV trial/Cambridge Cable Project). It was founded in 1988 by three Cambridge businessmen as a cable television and communications company. In June 1989, the company was awarded

26-483: A government department or minister having ultimate control. The Financial Conduct Authority and Network Rail (the railway infrastructure provider) are examples. One of the largest companies limited by guarantee is Bupa , the healthcare company, which has 32 million customers in more than 190 countries and which employs more than 84,000 people around the world. A number of professional services providers are structured as private companies limited by guarantee in which

39-621: A major cable television network operator in the United States, and Singapore Telecom , the public telecommunications operator in Singapore. By 1996, it was fully owned by Comcast . With its backing from Comcast, purchased Stort Valley Cable Limited and was awarded the franchise for Harlow, Bishop's Stortford and Sawbridgeworth in November 1992, its services were provided under the name of Anglia Cable Communications. Late 1993 saw services started in

52-643: A share capital, although the number of these companies remaining is very small., Some uses of companies limited by guarantee include clubs and membership organisations, including students' unions , residential property management companies, sports associations, such as the PGA European Tour , co-operatives , other social enterprise , non-governmental organizations and charities (especially larger charities, such as Oxfam ), and at least one political party (the UK Independence Party ). The form

65-522: Is also often used by organisations with some kind of national coordinating function. Examples in the UK include the domain name registry Nominet UK , England and Wales Cricket Board and IXPs LINX ( London Internet Exchange ) and LONAP (London Access Point). Examples elsewhere include Cricket Australia and the World Wide Fund for Nature Hong Kong . In the UK, some quasi-governmental organisations are incorporated as companies limited by guarantee,

78-817: Is now part of Virgin Media . Private company limited by guarantee The form originated in the United Kingdom, and now exists under the company law of the Australia, Bermuda, Gibraltar, Hong Kong, Gambia, and Ireland, and in the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Nova Scotia . It previously existed in New Zealand. It is used primarily but not exclusively by non-profit organisations (including charities) that require legal personality . Other uses include mutual insurance companies and quasi-governmental bodies. In

91-501: The Anglo-American law firm of Womble Bond Dickinson is similarly structured, with two limited liability partnerships of Womble Bond Dickinson (UK) LLP and Womble Bond Dickinson (US) LLP being the members and providing client-facing services. LONAP The London Access Point ( LONAP ) is a London -based Internet exchange point (IXP) founded in 1997 as a membership organisation and currently has over 200 members, making it

104-555: The Anglo-Canadian law firm of Gowling WLG , formed in 2016, is structured as an English private company limited by guarantee (named Gowling WLG International Limited), in which the two limited liability partnerships of Gowling WLG (Canada) LLP and Gowling WLG (UK) LLP are members and provide legal services; the structure is similar to the Swiss Verein structure used by several other major international law firms. In another example,

117-417: The UK, a company limited by guarantee can distribute its profits to its members, if allowed by its articles of association . However, in Australia this is not allowed. In many countries, a company limited by guarantee must include the suffix Limited in its name; alongside private companies limited by shares . Until 1981, it was possible in the United Kingdom to form a company limited by guarantee with

130-639: The cable television franchise for the city of Cambridge and the surrounding area, and in July 1990 was granted licence by the DTI to operate a public telecommunications service and distribute television channels via its underground cable network. Cambridge Cable's inaugural service commenced in July 1991 with a cable television service; the company's public telephone service launched in September 1992. The company gained financial and operational backing from Comcast Corporation ,

143-566: The company's East Coast Cable franchise with subscribers in Colchester added first; network build throughout Colchester, then Ipswich and, later, Felixstowe followed. On 2 June 1999, the Cambridge Cable Group, as it by then had become known, became part of NTL 's growing portfolio, having operated franchises under the names Cambridge Cable , Anglia Cable , East Coast Cable and Southern East Anglia Cable . The company and its network

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156-445: The members that provide client-facing services are the individual constituent firms using a common brand. The company limited by guarantee typically does not itself provide client-facing services. The Big Four accountancy firms (Deloitte, Ernst & Young, KPMG, and PriceWaterhouseCoopers ) are each organized using this structure. Some law firms also use this structure to establish an internationally branded presence. For example,

169-427: The second largest IXP in the UK and around the 15th largest IXP in the world by membership. (Although current traffic levels make it around the 30th largest by bandwidth – see list of Internet exchange points by size .) LONAP currently operates an Arista Networks infrastructure with multiple 100 and 400 Gbit/s links between their sites, specifically: LONAP hosts an instance of the F Root nameserver . As

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