27-631: COSMO-SkyMed ( COnstellation of small Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation ) is an Earth-observation satellite space-based radar system funded by the Italian Ministry of Research and Ministry of Defence and conducted by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), intended for both military and civilian use. The prime contractor for the spacecraft was Thales Alenia Space . COSMO SkyMed
54-446: A 97.90° inclination at a nominal altitude of 619 km (385 mi) and an orbital period of 97.20 minutes. The local time ascending node at the equator is 06:00. The operating life of each satellite is estimated to be 5 years. Each satellite repeats the same ground track every 16 days. They cross the equator at approximately 06:00 and 18:00 local-time each day and can image any point twice each day. The satellites are phased in
81-554: A delay in the launch of an Ariane 5 heavy-lift launch vehicle . During 2017, Thales Alenia Space and Telespazio formed a partnership with Seattle -based Spaceflight Industries to accelerate plans for a constellation of 60 Earth observation satellites. In the following year, Orange S.A. teamed up with the firm to provide satellite-based telecommunications to the French military. In September 2019, Airbus partnered with Telespazio to market military telecommunications services using
108-467: A joint venture between European spaceflight services company Telespazio (80%) and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) (20%), has the exclusive worldwide commercial rights to sell COSMO-SkyMed data and products. The COSMO-SkyMed satellites are lesser-known deliverers of satellite flares , sometimes approaching magnitude −3. Flares come mainly from SAR-panels of the satellites. Although overshadowed by
135-482: A planned lifetime of 7 years. CSG-1 was launched on 18 December 2019 by Soyuz ST-A from Centre spatial Guyanais (CSG). CSG-2 was launched on 31 January 2022 by Falcon 9 Block 5 from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station , while the CSG-3 satellite is scheduled to be launched in 2024 on a Vega-C launch vehicle. Earth-observation satellite Too Many Requests If you report this error to
162-582: A role in distributing the live broadcast of the Apollo 11 Moon landing across Europe. During the 1970s, Telespazio experienced a period of expansion and diversification. During May 1974, it signed a memorandum of understanding with NASA to engage itself in the Landsat program , gathering satellite imagery for Earth Observation purposes according to the signed in May 1974. During that same year, Telespazio became involved in
189-413: Is 1.4 × 5.7 m (4 ft 7 in × 18 ft 8 in). The system is capable of both single- and dual-polarization collection. The center frequency is 9.6 GHz with a maximum radar bandwidth of 400 MHz . United Launch Alliance provided launch services for the satellites with their Delta II 7420-10C launch vehicles from Vandenberg Air Force Base . Satellite processing for
216-456: Is a constellation of four dual use Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance (ISR) Earth observation satellites with a synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) as main payload, the result of the intuition of Giorgio Perrotta in the early nineties. The synthetic-aperture radar was developed starting in the late nineties with the SAR 2000 program funded by ASI. The space segment of
243-645: Is established. On 30 April 1996, the BeppoSAX scientific satellite, operated by the firm, was launched. In the following year, it founded its second subsidiary, Telespazio Brasil , based in Rio de Janeiro . During 1998, Telespazio partnered with Romanian firm Radiocom to establish the Rartel Company, thus developing a presence in this country as well. That same year, the firm finalised an agreement with European satellite operator Eutelsat to take control and commercialise of
270-525: The European Commission (EC) approved the transfer to Thales of Alcatel's interests in joint ventures Alcatel Alenia Space (Thales: 67%; Finmeccanica: 33%) and Telespazio (Finmeccanica: 67%; Thales: 33%); this restructuring resulted in the creation of a new space-orientated alliance between Thales and Finmeccanica. Prior to approving the change, the EC had performed an in-depth investigation due to concerns that
297-503: The Iridium satellites , the flares are often long-lasting, with the satellites traversing much of the sky at brighter-than-average magnitudes. To replace the first COSMO-SkyMed constellation, the Italian Space Agency is developing the COSMO-SkyMed second generation constellation. The 2nd generation constellation has the same function of radar-based Earth observation with particular focus on
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#1732858882767324-460: The Mediterranean area as the 1st generation. Like the 1st generation, the 2nd generation also consists of 4 satellites, CSG-1 , CSG-2 , CSG-3 and CSG-4 . The satellites are improved versions of the first generation satellites. Also the radar payload CSG-SAR (COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation Synthetic Aperture Radar) is an improved version of the first generation X-band SAR payload. Furthermore,
351-538: The 2nd generation satellites will operate in the same orbit (indeed, in the same orbital plane) as the first generation satellites. The 2nd generation satellites slightly outweigh the first generation satellites at 2,205 kg (4,861 lb) of mass. The contract for building two satellites was signed in September 2015. In December 2020, another two satellites were ordered. The satellites are built by Thales Alenia Space (the successor company of Alenia Spazio ). They have
378-671: The EMS payload carried on the Italsat F2 communications satellite. On 7 February 2001, Italy's first military communications satellite system, the Telespazio-managed SICRAL 1 , was launched. During December 2002, the firm became a part of the Italian aerospace conglomerate Finmeccanica ; the acquisition had involved a lengthy period of negotiation with Telespazio's former parent company, Telecom Italia . On 25 July 2003, Telespazio acquired
405-579: The German Earth observation satellite services specialist GAF AG . The company became a Franco-Italian joint venture on 1 July 2005, through a merger between Telespazio and the space services division of Alcatel . Creation of the joint venture was concurrent with the creation of Alcatel Alenia Space (now Thales Alenia Space), formed by the merger of two other Alcatel and Finmeccanica (since 2016 rebranded Leonardo-Finmeccanica) space businesses (Alcatel Space and Alenia Spazio respectively). During 2007,
432-503: The Telstar satellite. During the following year, it signed its first agreement with communications satellite service provider Intelsat ; in June 1965, commercial telecommunications traffic was inaugurated between North America and Europe. In 1968, Intelsat and Telespazio signed an agreement to provide the first telemetry and remote control services on Intelsat satellites. During 1969, the firm played
459-797: The United Kingdom as Telespazio VEGA UK ; in Spain as Telespazio Ibérica; and in Romania as Rartel. Telespazio operates in South America through Telespazio Brasil and Telespazio Argentina. In Italy, the company is also present through e-GEOS. On 18 October 1961, Telespazio was established under the auspices of several Italian organisations, including the National Research Council (CNR) and the Post and Telecommunications Ministry , Italcable and Rai . During
486-604: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.151 via cp1112 cp1112, Varnish XID 367841389 Upstream caches: cp1112 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Fri, 29 Nov 2024 05:41:22 GMT Telespazio Telespazio Spa is a European spaceflight services company founded in 1961. It is a joint venture owned by Leonardo (67%) and Thales Group (33%) headquartered in Rome . Telespazio provides services that include
513-731: The auspices of CNR and subsequently, the Italian Space Agency (ASI), Telespazio established and managed the Matera Space Center for Geodesy Operations. In 1987, it inaugurated its third space center handling satellites communications, based in Scanzano , Palermo . On 30 May 1991, Telespazio launched the ARGO project, the first closed network equipped with small fixed antennas for emergency communications, intended for Italian civil protection. During 1994, Telespazio Argentina , based in Buenos Aires ,
540-696: The design and development of space systems, the management of launch services and in-orbit satellite control, Earth observation services, integrated communications, satellite navigation and localization and scientific programmes. The company manages space infrastructure , such as the Fucino Space Centre - and is involved in programmes including Galileo , EGNOS , Copernicus, COSMO-SkyMed , SICRAL and Göktürk. Telespazio operates in France as Telespazio France; in Germany as Telespazio Germany , GAF and Spaceopal; in
567-539: The development of the Sirio programme , thus helping to launch the first Italian telecommunications satellite during 1977. Other major activities of the decade included the in-orbit control of satellites, and the opening of a second space centre in Gera Lario , Lombardia in 1977. In the 1980s, the company continued to be involved in the development of several Italian space-related programmes, such as Italsat. During 1983, under
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#1732858882767594-620: The first two satellites was handled by the Astrotech Space Operations subsidiary of SPACEHAB . The first satellite COSMO-1 (COSPAR 2007-023A) was launched at 02:34:00 UTC on 8 June 2007. COSMO-2 (COSPAR 2007-059A) was launched at 02:31:42 UTC on 9 December 2007, the launch having been delayed from 6 December 2007 due to bad weather, and problems with the rocket's cork insulation. COSMO-3 (COSPAR 2008-054A) launched at 02:28 UTC on 25 October 2008. COSMO-4 (COSPAR 2010-060A) launched on 6 November 2010, at 02:20 UTC. The ground segment of
621-490: The following year, NASA signed a memorandum of understanding with Telespazio to test the Telstar and Relay satellites. In 1963, the first signals from the Telstar satellite were received by the new Fucino testing station ( Ortucchio , Abruzzo), the first pictures came through a few months later. During 1964, Telespazio helped create history for its role in facilitating the first television broadcasts, directly from Fucino via
648-417: The same orbital plane, with COSMO-SkyMed's 1, 3, and 2 at 90° intervals followed by COSMO-SkyMed 4 at 67.5° after COSMO-SkyMed 2. The offset of satellite 4 allows a one-day interferometry mode for elevation information. The Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) is used due to power (Electrical Power Subsystem) and revisit time requirements. The satellites' main components are: The radar antenna is a phased array that
675-679: The system includes four identical medium-sized 1,700 kg (3,700 lb) satellites called COSMO-SkyMed (or COSMO ) 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , equipped with synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) sensors with global coverage of the planet. Observations of an area of interest can be repeated several times a day in all-weather conditions. The imagery is applied to defense and security assurance in Italy and other countries, seismic hazard analysis, environmental disaster monitoring, and agricultural mapping. The four satellites are in Sun-synchronous polar orbits with
702-411: The system is composed of: The governments of Argentina and France are involved respectively in the civil and military segments of the system. The COSMO-SkyMed satellites have three basic types of imaging modes: There are two Spotlight modes: There are two Stripmap modes: There are two ScanSAR modes: The system is sized to collect up to 450 images per satellite per day. e-GEOS, S.p.A. ,
729-536: The transfer may have had a detrimental effect on downstream satellite and subsystem competition. In January 2011, Telespazio acquired the space activities of two Finmeccanica subsidiares, the Italy-based Elsag Datamat Space and the UK-based VEGA (the latter was subsequently renamed Telespazio VEGA UK ) for an undisclosed price. On 20 September 2011, a strike at the company reportedly caused
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