Misplaced Pages

#512487

14-466: CEMP may refer to: Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources Ecosystem Monitoring Programme Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CEMP . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

28-460: A linkage ; a conservative classification might consider CMP to be a convenient term for those Central–Eastern languages which are not Eastern Malayo-Polynesian (Grimes 1991). The Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages extend from the coasts of Halmahera across the Pacific. This subgroup is still controversial as it is solely based on lexical evidence, with no shared phonological innovations. In contrast,

42-436: A chain of intersecting subgroups (a linkage ), for which no distinct proto-language can be reconstructed. Lynch, Ross, & Crowley (2002) propose three primary groups of Oceanic languages: The "residues" (as they are called by Lynch, Ross, & Crowley), which do not fit into the three groups above, but are still classified as Oceanic are: Ross & Næss (2007) removed Utupua–Vanikoro, from Central–Eastern Oceanic, to

56-410: A new primary branch of Oceanic: Blench (2014) considers Utupua and Vanikoro to be two separate branches that are both non-Austronesian. Ross, Pawley, & Osmond (2016) propose the following revised rake-like classification of Oceanic, with 9 primary branches. Roger Blench (2014) argues that many languages conventionally classified as Oceanic are in fact non-Austronesian (or " Papuan ", which

70-417: A vast area, Oceanic languages are spoken by only two million people. The largest individual Oceanic languages are Eastern Fijian with over 600,000 speakers, and Samoan with an estimated 400,000 speakers. The Gilbertese (Kiribati), Tongan , Tahitian , Māori and Tolai ( Gazelle Peninsula ) languages each have over 100,000 speakers. The common ancestor which is reconstructed for this group of languages

84-460: Is a geographic rather than genetic grouping), including Utupua and Vanikoro . Blench doubts that Utupua and Vanikoro are closely related, and thus should not be grouped together. Since each of the three Utupua and three Vanikoro languages are highly distinct from each other, Blench doubts that these languages had diversified on the islands of Utupua and Vanikoro, but had rather migrated to the islands from elsewhere. According to him, historically this

98-729: Is called Proto-Oceanic (abbr. "POc"). The Oceanic languages were first shown to be a language family by Sidney Herbert Ray in 1896 and, besides Malayo-Polynesian , they are the only established large branch of Austronesian languages . Grammatically, they have been strongly influenced by the Papuan languages of northern New Guinea , but they retain a remarkably large amount of Austronesian vocabulary. According to Lynch, Ross, & Crowley (2002), Oceanic languages often form linkages with each other. Linkages are formed when languages emerged historically from an earlier dialect continuum . The linguistic innovations shared by adjacent languages define

112-484: Is generally understood to be a cover term for the non-EMP languages within CEMP, which form a linkage at best rather than a valid clade. The Central Malayo-Polynesian languages may form a linkage . They are for the most part poorly attested, but they do not appear to constitute a coherent group. Many of the proposed defining features of CMP are not found in the geographic extremes of the area. Therefore some linguists consider it

126-652: The Lesser Sunda and Maluku Islands of the Banda Sea , in an area corresponding closely to the Indonesian provinces of East Nusa Tenggara and Maluku and the nation of East Timor (excepting the Papuan languages of Timor and nearby islands), but with the Bima language extending to the eastern half of Sumbawa Island in the province of West Nusa Tenggara and the Sula languages of

140-550: The Sula Islands in the southwest corner of the province of North Maluku . The principal islands in this region are Sumbawa , Sumba , Flores , Timor , Buru , and Seram . The numerically most important languages are Nggahi Mbojo ( Bimanese ), Manggarai of western Flores, Uab Meto of West Timor , and Tetum , the national language of East Timor . In the original proposal, CEMP is divided into Central Malayo-Polynesian (CMP) and Eastern Malayo-Polynesian (EMP). However, CMP

154-450: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CEMP&oldid=932751854 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Central%E2%80%93Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages The Central Malayo-Polynesian languages are spoken in

SECTION 10

#1732848151513

168-475: The more conservative Western Malayo-Polynesian languages and even Formosan languages. Edwards & Grimes (2021) also does not consider CEMP to be a coherent branch. Oceanic languages The approximately 450 Oceanic languages are a branch of the Austronesian languages . The area occupied by speakers of these languages includes Polynesia , as well as much of Melanesia and Micronesia . Though covering

182-414: The two individual branches, South Halmahera–West New Guinea and Oceanic , each are well-defined by phonological and lexical innovations , and universally accepted as valid subgroups. CEMP is rejected as a valid clade by Donohue & Grimes (2008), who do not consider CEMP to even be a linkage . Donohue & Grimes (2008) argue that many features claimed to define CMP or CEMP are also found in some of

196-679: Was due to the Lapita demographic expansion consisting of both Austronesian and non-Austronesian settlers migrating from the Lapita homeland in the Bismarck Archipelago to various islands further to the east. Other languages traditionally classified as Oceanic that Blench (2014) suspects are in fact non-Austronesian include the Kaulong language of West New Britain , which has a Proto-Malayo-Polynesian vocabulary retention rate of only 5%, and languages of

#512487