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22-520: It was founded in 1973 as the Montenegrin Society for Science and Arts ( Црногорско друштво за науку и умјетност , Crnogorsko društvo za nauku i umjetnost ) and adopted its current name in 1976. It currently has 40 members ( academicians ) in three departments: natural sciences, humanities and arts. The CANU has often been considered and described as a pro- Serbian institution in Montenegro, as

44-419: A Corresponding Member is a person who is eminent in respect of scientific results but cannot or does not wish to become a full academy member. One of the reasons for this may be that he/she is living far from the academy and it is inconvenient to often travel to its headquarters. It is, for example, the case when the person is not a resident in the country which the academy belongs to. For communication, such

66-640: A few esteemed Swedish learned societies that has not sought Royal command, including the Society of Sciences in Lund . "Academician" may also be a functional title and denote a full member of the National Academy of Sciences in those countries where the academy has a strong influence on national scientific life, particularly countries that were part of, or influenced by, the Soviet Union . In such countries, "academician"

88-570: A person, while giving relatively little formal power, or the model of the French Academy of Sciences , which was much closer integrated with the government, provided with more state funding as an organization, and where the title of Academician implied in a lot more rights when it came to decision making. Being an academician in China is a top honor and title granted only to the nation's top scientists and engineers. Academicians are elected through either

110-622: A royal charter [ edit ] Royal Society of Sciences in Uppsala ( Kungl. Vetenskapssocieteten i Uppsala ), 1710 Royal Physiographic Society in Lund ( Kungl. Fysiografiska Sällskapet i Lund ), 1772 Royal Society of Sciences and Letters in Gothenburg ( Kungl. Vetenskaps- och Vitterhetssamhället i Göteborg ), 1759 Royal Society of the Humanities at Uppsala ( Kungl. Humanistiska Vetenskaps-Samfundet i Uppsala ), 1889 Royal Society of

132-493: A scientist uses "correspondence". Another possible reason is that the charter or traditions of the academy do not admit election of a person to a full membership, unless he/she had been a corresponding member for a certain period and has demonstrated additional achievements within this period. Because of this, in the Russian Academy of Sciences a corresponding membership is a seen as a lower level of membership as compared to

154-572: Is used as an honorific title (like "Doctor", "Professor", etc.) when addressing or speaking about someone. Countries where the term academician is used in this way include the Russian Federation , China , Armenia , Azerbaijan , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Bulgaria , Croatia , Estonia , Georgia , Hungary , Latvia , Lithuania , Moldova , Mongolia , North Macedonia , Romania , Turkey , Serbia , Slovenia , Tajikistan , Ukraine , Belorussia , Uzbekistan , and Estonia . However, since

176-573: The Academy of Sciences of the USSR , the title grants privileges and administrative responsibilities for funding allocation and research priorities. Historically, the meaning for the title of Academician follows the traditions of the two most successful early scientific societies: either the Royal Society , where it was an honorary recognition by an independent body of peer reviewers and was meant to distinguish

198-709: The Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering . The British honours " Fellow of the Royal Society " (FRS) or Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences can be considered rough equivalents. Fellowship of the Academy of Social Sciences was known as the Award of Academician until July 2014. Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering in the UK are recognized as academicians and members include Nobel Prize winners and

220-1039: The Academicians. There can be 12 Finnish Academicians representing science and scholarly pursuits and eight Academicians representing fine arts and literature at the same time. The Academy of Finland is the state funding agency of Finnish science and letters, but it has no organizational connection to Finnish Academicians. The scientists and scholars funded by the Academy of Finland are called Academy Professors ( Finnish : akatemiaprofessori , Swedish : akademiprofessor ) and Academy Research Fellows ( Finnish : akatemiatutkija , Swedish : akademiforskare ). In addition to Academy of Finland, Finland has four independent national academies. Finnish academies are less recognized globally due to its lack of international exposure and use of English language. In Taiwan, elected members of Academia Sinica are considered academicians. A related option of membership also exists in some countries —

242-435: The Humanities (Uppsala) Society of the Humanities (Lund) Society of Arts and Sciences (Uppsala) Skyttean Society (Umeå) Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swedish_Royal_Academies&oldid=1252869243 " Categories : Swedish Royal Academies Learned societies of Sweden Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

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264-1571: The Humanities in Lund ( Kungl. Humanistiska Vetenskapssamfundet i Lund ), 1918 Royal Gustavus Adolphus Academy in Uppsala ( Kungl. Gustav Adolfs Akademien ), 1932 Royal Society of Arts and Sciences of Uppsala ( Kungl. Vetenskapssamhället i Uppsala ), 1954 Royal Skyttean Society in Umeå ( Kungl. Skytteanska Samfundet ), 1956 References [ edit ] ^ "Nobel Prize facts" . NobelPrize.org . Retrieved 2020-10-11 . ^ "Nobel Prizes" . The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . Retrieved October 11, 2020 . ^ "About us (The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)" . The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . Retrieved October 11, 2020 . ^ "Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (RSAS)" . www.interacademies.org . Retrieved 2020-10-11 . v t e Royal Academies of Sweden National Swedish Academy Academy of Sciences Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities Academy of Fine Arts Academy of Music Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Academy of War Sciences Academy of Engineering Sciences Academy of Naval Sciences Gustavus Adolphus Academy Society for Publication of Manuscripts on Scandinavian History Local Society of Sciences (Uppsala) Physiographic Society (Lund) Society of Arts and Sciences (Gothenburg) Society of

286-526: The Montenegrin Academy of Arts and Sciences: Notable historical, former and currently active members of the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts (CANU): Academician An academician is a full member of an artistic, literary, engineering, or scientific academy. In many countries, it is an honorific title used to denote a full member of an academy that has a strong influence on national scientific life. Accordingly, within systems such as

308-811: The Swedish State Calendar. The Swedish Royal Academies are independent organizations, founded on Royal command, that act to promote the arts, culture, and science in Sweden . The Swedish Academy and Academy of Sciences who are responsible for the selection of Nobel Prize laureates in Literature , Physics , Chemistry , and the Prize in Economic Sciences . Also included in the Royal Academies are scientific societies that were granted Royal Charters. There are

330-525: The academicians. Swedish Royal Academies Swedish art, culture and Science related Academy [REDACTED] Swedish Stock Exchange building, home to the Swedish Academy The Royal Academies are independent organizations, founded on Royal command, that act to promote the arts , culture , and science in Sweden . The Swedish Academy and Academy of Sciences are also responsible for

352-641: The academy' posits the Serb ethnic origin of the Montenegrins . In opposition to this, a splinter group of intellectuals had formed the Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts (DANU) in 1997, registered as a non-governmental organization , in an attempt to counter the official pro-Serbian academy. Amid the constitutional reforms of 2007 CANU had resisted the standardization of the Montenegrin literary standard supporting

374-558: The interpretation according to which Montenegrin is a "dialect" of the Serbian language . Some of CANU's prominent members have actively participated in the campaign against Montenegro's independence in the 2006 independence referendum . CANU president Momir Đurović had in 2007 maintained contacts with members of the pro-Serbian political opposition, and had visited the headquarters of the Serb People's Party and its leader Andrija Mandić during

396-550: The nation's top engineers and scientists. Recently, Nobel Prize winner Frances Arnold was elected to the Royal Academy of Engineering. In the United States, academicians are elected members of the National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering . Members include many Nobel Prize, Turing Awards, and Fields Medalists. Sweden does not use the Academician concept, but membership in learned societies are noted in

418-432: The negotiations on language-naming in the new constitution. The Academy has also criticized Montenegrin government's decision to recognize Kosovo 's unilateral declaration of independence. However, in 2015 DANU was merged into CANU, as all of its active members were accepted into membership and DANU was consequently disbanded, with CANU remaining the sole official scientific institution in Montenegro. List of presidents of

440-416: The reforms of late USSR dismantled the de facto monopoly of the state on forming academies, the creation of voluntary academies has been allowed. While some of the newly created academies did improve the relatively rigid structure, the prestige and meaning of the title has been substantially undermined; as the title of "academician" could be awarded by associations of pseudoscientists or organizations that use

462-1135: The selection of Nobel Prize laureates in Literature , Physics , Chemistry , and the Prize in Economic Sciences . Also included in the Royal Academies are scientific societies that were granted Royal Charters . Arts and culture [ edit ] Swedish Academy ( Svenska Akademien ), 1786 Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts ( Kungl. Akademien för de Fria konsterna ), 1773 Royal Swedish Academy of Music ( Kungl. Musikaliska Akademien ), 1771 Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities ( Kungl. Vitterhets-, Historie- och Antikvitetsakademien ), 1753 Sciences [ edit ] Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien ), 1739 Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences ( Kungl. Ingenjörsvetenskapsakademien ), 1919 Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry ( Kungl. Skogs- och Lantbruksakademien ), 1813 Military [ edit ] Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences ( Kungl. Krigsvetenskapsakademien ), 1796 Royal Swedish Society of Naval Sciences ( Kungl. Örlogsmannasällskapet ), 1771 Societies with

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484-504: The title for the sole purpose of gaining money. Therefore, it became customary and almost compulsory to list which academy gave the title to assert its meaningfulness. In Canada, fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada is a comparable honour. In Finland , "Academician" ( Finnish : akateemikko , Swedish : akademiker ) is an honorary title and the President of the Republic nominates

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