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21-474: The history of Byeongsan Seowon began when Ryu Seong-ryong moved to Andong in 1572 from Pungak Seodang, a Confucian school established during the Goryeo period . After Ryu Seong-ryong died in 1607, local Confucianists such as Jeong Gyeong-se founded Jondeok Temple in 1613 and enshrined an ancestral tablet to commemorate his academic work and virtues. The temple was renamed Byeongsan Seowon in 1614. In 1620, following

42-410: A memorial ceremony for Ryu Seong-ryong and Ryu Jin, is held here every March and September. It is designated as Historic Site No. 260 and contains about 3,000 books of about 1,000 different types, including a collection of books by Ryu Seong-ryong. Ryu Seong-ryong Ryu Seong-ryong ( Korean :  류성룡 ; Hanja :  柳成龍 ; 7 November 1542 – May 1607), was a scholar-official of

63-443: A public discussion among Confucianists, the ancestral tablet was moved to Yeogang Seowon, a memorial Seowon for Toegye . In 1629 new ancestral tablets to worship Ryu Seong-ryong and his third son Ryu were made. Byeongsan Seowon served as a branch of local education to produce many scholars. In 1868, Heungseon Daewongun ordered to remove it, but it was not damaged. The auditorium was rebuilt in 1921 under Japanese rule . Hyangsarye,

84-567: The Joseon period of Korea. He held many responsibilities, including the Chief State Councillor position in 1592. He was a member of the "Eastern faction" and a follower of Yi Hwang . Ryu was born in Hahoe Maeul , Andong , Gyeongsang Province (today a UNESCO World Heritage Site ), to a yangban family of the P'ungsan Ryu clan. Ryu is said to have been so precocious that he absorbed

105-559: The Seoaejip (The Anthology of Seoae, 서애집, 西厓集), Jingbirok (The Book of Corrections, 징비록, 懲毖錄), and minor writings as Hwanghwajip ( 황화집 ; 皇華集 ), Jeongchungrok ( 정충록 ; 精忠錄 ). Ryu Seong-ryong was enshrined in the Byeongsan Seowon and Hogye Seowon in Andong , North Gyeongsang Province . Siege of Pyongyang (1593) Ming China-Joseon victory The siege of Pyongyang

126-552: The Japanese. Konishi sent 20 men to greet the Ming envoys, but most of them did not return. It's not certain what happened to them. One version of events state that they were killed during a banquet with Shen Weijing, another says they were simply ambushed on the way. During the march to Pyeongyang they encountered a Japanese scout party, three of whom were captured, and five killed. The allied army arrived at Pyeongyang and set up camp north of

147-791: The Korean-Chinese allied forces side in the Siege of Pyongyang . He suggested of establishment the Hunnyeon Dogam (훈련도감, 訓鍊都監, Military Training Agency ). In 1598, he was ousted by the Northerners faction. But King Seonjo rehabilitated him. However, he refused to take office as a minister in 1600. Nevertheless, in 1602, he was honored with the second rank of Hoseong Gongsin ( 호성공신 ; 扈聖功臣 ), and appointed again as Pungwon Buwongun . After which he spent his time on political writing until his death in 1607. Ryu's major writings are preserved in

168-627: The Northerners. Ryu Seong-ryong was a Southerner (claiming exile, instead of death, for Jeong Cheol , the leader of the Westerners rival faction). He was in the rank of provincial Dochechalsa ( 도체찰사 ; 都體察使 ) when the Imjin War broke out. In 1592 he was appointed Yeonguijeong , the Chief State Councillor. Ryu Seongryong accompanied the royal family from Hanseong to Uiju . In this capacity, he oversaw all military units and called leaders like Yi Sun-sin and Gwon Yul to battle. He also fought on

189-468: The Yalu River on 26 January. They were then joined by the advance force and a bodyguard unit sent to protect Seonjo of Joseon , raising their strength to 43,000, another 10,000 Koreans at Sunan under Yi Il , and finally 4,200 monks under Hyujeong . Li Rusong sent ahead the envoy Shen Weijing to negotiate with Konishi Yukinaga , however this act was insincere. He had no intention of negotiating with

210-416: The castle, and made our escape. Wounded men were abandoned, while those who were not wounded but simply exhausted crawled almost prostrate along the road. The retreating Japanese soldiers were accosted by frostbite, snow-blindness, and starvation. Aside from natural hardships, an ambush by Zha Dashou and Li Ning also claimed another 362 Japanese lives. Konishi's men reached Hanseong on 17 February. After

231-459: The city on 5 February 1593. Konishi offered to hold negotiations but was refused. That night some 800 Japanese sneaked out and attacked the Ming camp, however they were spotted by guards and driven back by fire arrows, suffering 30 casualties. The battle began on 5 February 1593. Hyujeong's monks with support from Wu Weizhong attacked the large hill north of Pyeongyang where around 2,000 enemy troops were stationed under Konishi Yukinaga. Konishi

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252-420: The entire garrison out into the night and snuck across the frozen Daedong River back to Hanseong . Many drowned during the crossing. There was hardly a gap between the dead bodies that filled the surroundings of Matsuyama Castle [Mount Moranbong]. Finally, when we had repulsed the enemy, they burned the food storehouses in several places, so there was now no food. On the night of the seventh day we evacuated

273-566: The mission), returning to Korea the following year. Thereafter he held posts including Inspector of Classics ( 경연검토관 ; 經筵檢討官 ) and devoted himself to editing, being granted a royal sabbatical ( 사가독서 ; 賜暇讀書 ). Subsequently, he held posts including Gyori (교리, ranked 5a) and Eunggyo (응교, 應敎, ranked 4a). He was appointed Jikjehak ( 직제학 ; 直提學 ) in 1575 and Bujehak ( 부제학 ; 副提學 ) in 1576. Continually he held posts including Doseongji (都承旨), Daesaheon ( 대사헌 ; 大司憲 ) and Daejehak ( 대제학 ; 大提學 ). In 1590, he

294-471: The scales on a fish”. Yang Yuan and Zhang Shijue attacked from the north and west, Li Rubai from the southeast, and Yi Il and Gim Eungso from the southwest. The east was covered by the Daedong River and could not be attacked. Once the signal cannon fired, they rushed the walls with ladders, shot fire arrows and threw bombs into the city, and started pounding the gates with cannons. The Japanese defense

315-526: The surviving monks and troops from the earlier attack joined Zhang Shijue's push into the city once the gate had been destroyed by cannons. The Japanese pulled back to their last line of defense, an earth and log fort in the northern corner of Pyeongyang. Li Rusong instructed his troops to set the building on fire using fire arrows but the Japanese could not be dislodged. Instead the crush of allied soldiers and cavalry suffered horrendous casualties to Japanese gunfire. Unable to move forward, many retreated through

336-504: The teachings of Confucius and Mencius at the age of 8. In 1564 the 19th year of Myeongjong , he passed the Samasi examination, and in 1566 he passed the Mun-gwa at a special examination, and then took the post of Gwonji bujeongja ( 권지부정사 ; 權知副正字 ). He held various other positions and in 1569 he joined the imperial birthday mission to Ming as a Seojanggwan (서장관, 書狀官, the third of

357-476: The western gate. Seeing this, Konishi chose to go on the offensive and sortied out with his men, only to be driven back by cannon fire. Unwilling to suffer any more casualties, Li Rusong called off the attack as night approached. Although nominally successful in repelling the enemies, the Japanese were no longer capable of defending the city. All the gates had been breached, no food was left, and they had suffered horrible casualties. With this in mind Konishi led

378-542: Was a military conflict fought between the allied Ming - Joseon army and the Japanese First Division under Konishi Yukinaga . The battle ended in victory for the allies but a successful retreat from Pyeongyang by the remaining Japanese in the night of 8 February 1593. A minor Ming force of 5,000 under Wu Weizhong arrived at the Yalu River on 5 January. The Ming army of 35,000 under Li Rusong arrived at

399-421: Was almost surrounded at one point until Sō Yoshitoshi counterattacked and rescued him. The fighting lasted for two days before the last Japanese commander, Matsuura Shigenobu , was forced to pull back to Pyeongyang. The monks suffered 600 casualties and Wu Weizhong was wounded in the chest by a bullet. In the morning of 8 February, Li Rusong's army advanced on the city, their tightly packed ranks "looking like

420-403: Was almost too much. Li Rusong's own horse was shot out from under him and the assault began to show signs of faltering before Li went forward, cut off the head of a retreating soldier, and offered 5,000 taels to the first man over the wall. The allied troops renewed their assault until Luo Shangzhi was able to clear the wall and Yang Yuan followed by breaking through the northern gate. In the west

441-513: Was appointed Uuijeong (Third State Councillor), honored with the third rank of Gwanguk Gongsin ( 광국공신 ; 光國功臣 ), and appointed as Pungwon Buwongun ( 풍원부원군 ; 豊原府院君 ). In 1591, he was promoted to Jwauijeong (Second State Councillor) and Ijo Panseo (이조판서, Minister of Personnel, the first ranked of the six Ministries). However, the Easterners faction split into the Southerners and

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