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16-554: The building is documented as being burned in 1131, 1173, 1253 and 1279. The tower dates from 1370, but was never finished. In 1577 a cannon was installed in the church tower, aimed at the Vredenburg castle where the Charles V 's Spanish soldiers there were under siege by the Utrecht schutters . Around 1580 the church endured the protestant reformation and in 1586 it was formally handed over to

32-508: A group of local women led by Trijn van Leemput stormed the castle and Trijn gave the signal for the castle to be destroyed by removing the first bricks from the castle walls. Despite doubts about the historical accuracy of this tale, a statue of Trijn van Leemput was erected on the Zandbrug bridge  [ nl ] in Utrecht in 1955. The demolition of the castle lasted until 1581. The two western towers remained standing, as they were part of

48-590: A large group of women on May 2, 1577, to the castle of Vredenburg and gave the signal to begin demolishing the castle. The castle of Vredenburg had been built by emperor Charles V after annexing Utrecht in 1528, and was manned by a Spanish garrison. On November 8, 1576, the Pacification of Ghent was signed and the Eighty Years' War began. The Dutch rebels besieged the Vredenburg fortress and, following negotiations,

64-617: A large house on the Oudegracht canal in Utrecht in 1555. The family was one of the city's most prominent families. Trijn's husband was a guild leader and member of the city government, and was one of the four deputies who negotiated with William the Silent on the conditions for Utrecht's entry into the Pacification of Ghent , the Dutch coalition against Spain. Trijn van Leemput died in Utrecht . As early as

80-452: Is the burial place of various notable Utrechters such as the 17th-century painters Joachim Wtewael , Paulus Moreelse , Hendrick ter Brugghen , Dirck van Baburen , Jan Both and Herman Saftleven . Their graves are no longer marked however. 52°05′26″N 5°07′9″E  /  52.09056°N 5.11917°E  / 52.09056; 5.11917 Vredenburg Castle Vredenburg Castle (Dutch: (Kasteel) Vredenburg or Vredeborch )

96-476: The 10th century, after the winding down of a tumultuous period of hostile Viking raids, trade in the Low Lands became more safe and thus more profitable. Cities such as Utrecht were able to thrive starting in the 10th century. The flourishing economic activity resulted in a wealthier and larger population. The newly built church building was located in what was then the city centre. The town hall, street markets, and

112-471: The Dutch rebels, turning the castle's cannons towards the city itself. By December, the siege was underway and fighting broke out between the Spanish and Dutch. However, the garrison abandoned the castle on 11 February 1577, following negotiations between garrison commander Francesco Fernando d'Avila and Maximilien de Hénin-Liétard , the count of Bossu, who served as temporary Dutch stadholder . The abandonment

128-510: The court house were all located in a dense area to the west of the Buurkerk . Prominent citizens, politicians, and guild members would gather on the square to the west of the church for general business and matters of governance. The 'neighbour church' became a physical symbol for social, economic, and political development. Eventually a small raadskapel (council chapel) was built as part of the church's structure for more formal meetings. The church

144-522: The domain from invasion by the duke of Guelders , but also to retain control over the city's unruly population. Construction began in 1529 and was completed in 1532. On 8 November 1576, the States General of the Seventeen Provinces ratified an agreement, known as the Pacification of Ghent , to remove Spanish occupying soldiers. In response the castle's Spanish garrison prepared to be besieged by

160-528: The garrison abandoned the castle in February 1577. The citizens of Utrecht demanded that the abandoned castle be demolished, but the city government would not allow it, so on May 2 the Utrechters, led by Trijn van Leemput, took matters into their own hands. The events that followed were recorded by contemporaries Arnold Buchelius (1565–1641) and Johan van Beverwijck (1594–1647). Later historians have cast doubt on

176-421: The historical accuracy of the tale. Most likely it is part legend and partly based on fact. Trijn van Leemput is said to have gathered a large group of women and marched on the castle, carrying a makeshift banner made out of a blue apron tied to a broom. At the castle, she signalled for the demolition to begin by removing some bricks from the castle walls. The other Utrechters followed suit, and began breaking down

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192-480: The outer city walls. However, they were also demolished piece by piece in the following centuries; by 1919 they had completely disappeared. The foundations of Vredenburg castle were uncovered during archaeological excavations in 1976 and 1978. Trijn van Leemput Trijn van Leemput (c. 1530–1607) was a Dutch heroine of the Eighty Years' War against Spain . According to local legend in Utrecht , she led

208-403: The protestants, who whitewashed the wall decorations and removed the choir to make room for a street. The Choorstraat which is named after the deconstructed choir still has the outlines of the old choir in the pavement. In 1975 the church fell into religious disuse. The building functions as a museum since 1984. The name Buurkerk is made up of the words buur (neighbour) and kerk (church). In

224-449: The walls using axes, hammers and pick-axes. She is also said to have fought two Spanish soldiers, who were lodged at her house, at an earlier occasion. After catching them stealing, she threw one down the stairs and threatened the other with a knife. Archival research has shown that Trijn van Leemput really existed and was born around 1530, probably near Vreeswijk . She and her husband, brewer and miller Jan Jacob van Leemput, moved into

240-571: Was a 16th-century castle built by Habsburg emperor Charles V in the city of Utrecht in the Netherlands . Some remains of the castle, which stood for only 50 years, are still visible on what is now Vredenburg square in Utrecht. In 1528, the Holy Roman Empire annexed the Bishopric of Utrecht , and Emperor Charles V immediately ordered the construction of a castle in Utrecht, not only to protect

256-432: Was part of a general withdrawal agreed upon by the new Governor-General Don Juan one day later, on 12 February. The citizens of Utrecht demanded that the castle be demolished to prevent the Spanish or other foreign powers from dominating the city again in future. However, the city government opposed demolition, so as not to offend the emperor. On 2 May, the population took the matter into their own hands. According to legend,

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