43-539: Bury Street is a one-way street in St James's , London SW1. It runs roughly north-to-south from Jermyn Street to King Street , and crosses Ryder Street. Probably taking its name from Bury St Edmunds , Rushbrooke, the country seat of the Jermyn family, was near that town, and from 1643 until his advancement to an earldom in 1660, St. Albans was Baron Jermyn of St. Edmundsbury. The street first appears by name Berry Street in
86-570: A deer park and gardens, it was generally used as a hunting lodge and as a retreat from the formal court and occasionally as a royal guest house. After the Palace of Whitehall burned down , the palace took on administrative functions for the monarchy. It increased in importance during the reigns of the Hanoverian monarchs but began to be displaced by Buckingham Palace in the early 19th century. After decades of being used increasingly only for formal occasions,
129-537: A fire destroyed part of St James's Palace, including the monarch's private apartments at the south-east corner. These apartments were not replaced, leaving the Queen's Chapel isolated from the rest of the palace by an open area, where Marlborough Road now runs between the two buildings. The royal family began spending the majority of their time at Buckingham House, with St James's used for only formal occasions; thrice-weekly levées and public audiences were still held there. In
172-453: Is headquartered in St James's. The area is home to fine wine merchants including Berry Brothers and Rudd , at number 3 St James's Street. Adjoining St James's Street is Jermyn Street, famous for tailoring. Some famous cigar retailers are at 35 St James's Street, occupied by Davidoff of London ; J.J. Fox at 19 St James's Street and Dunhill at 50 Jermyn St. Shoemaker, Wildsmith , designers of
215-583: Is home to many of the best known gentlemen's clubs in London, and sometimes, though not as often as formerly, referred to as "Clubland". The clubs are organisations of English high society. A variety of groups come together here, such as military officers, politicians, motoring enthusiasts, yachtsmen, and other groups. In 1990, the Carlton Club , traditional meeting place for members of the Conservative Party ,
258-451: Is located at No 9. There are also art galleries showing silver, Asian and Islamic art and print and illustrations. The restaurant Quaglino's is at No 16, and the Japanese restaurant Matsuri St James's at No 15. Christie's , a historic British auction house founded in 1766, has its main premises in a large building with its main entrance on King Street to the south and also bordering onto
301-494: Is the first free-standing building to be built in the area for more than 30 years. Other notable modern and contemporary art dealers in the St James's area include Helly Nahmad Gallery , Paisnel Gallery , Bernard Jacobson Gallery, Thomas Dane, Whitford Fine Art and Panter & Hall. On the southernmost border of St James's is The Mall where The Institute of Contemporary Arts and the Mall Galleries are located. St James's
344-460: Is the north gatehouse; constructed with four storeys, the gatehouse has two crenellated flanking octagonal towers at its corners, and a central clock dominating the uppermost floor and gable; the clock is a later addition and dates from 1731, refurbished 1834. The palace is decorated with the initials H.A. for Henry and his second wife, Anne Boleyn . Henry had the palace constructed in red brick, with detail picked out in darker brick. The palace
387-470: Is used by HM Government for official receptions, and the attached Clarence House , the former home of the Queen Mother , is the residence of King Charles III and Queen Camilla . The palace also served as the official residence of Princess Eugenie until April 2018. The nearby Queen's Chapel , built by Inigo Jones , although since the 19th century across Marlborough Road, is still considered part of
430-409: Is used to host official receptions, such as those of visiting heads of state, and charities of which members of the royal family are patrons. It forms part of a sprawling complex of buildings housing Court offices and officials' apartments. The immediate palace complex includes York House , the former home of Charles III and his sons, Princes William and Harry . Lancaster House , located next door,
473-620: The Accession Council , the office of the Marshal of the Diplomatic Corps , and the London residence of several members of the royal family . Built by order of King Henry VIII in the 1530s on the site of an isolated leper hospital dedicated to Saint James the Less , the palace was secondary in importance to the Palace of Whitehall for most Tudor and Stuart monarchs. Initially surrounded by
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#1732851837058516-713: The Chapel Royal moved its base into the castle chapel at St. James's. The first two monarchs of the House of Hanover used St James's Palace as their principal London residence. George I and George II both housed their mistresses, the Duchess of Kendal and the Countess of Suffolk respectively, at the palace. In 1757, George II donated the Palace library to the British Museum ; this gift
559-664: The Charter of the United Nations . The Proclamation Gallery is a part of St James's Palace, and it is used after the death of a reigning monarch. The Accession Council meets to declare the new monarch. Once the monarch has made a sacred oath to the council, the Garter King of Arms steps onto the Proclamation Gallery, which overlooks Friary Court , to proclaim the new monarch. Such an event last occurred on 10 September 2022 at
602-522: The King's Watermen are all housed at St James's Palace. Since the beginning of the 2000s, the Royal Philatelic Collection has been housed at St James's Palace, after spending the entire 20th century at Buckingham Palace . On 1 June 2007, the palace, Clarence House and other buildings within its curtilage (other than public pavement on Marlborough Road) were designated as a protected site for
645-430: The 19th century. The palace was commissioned by Henry VIII on the remote site of a former leper hospital dedicated to Saint James the Less . He first used it as a hunting lodge for his newly enclosed deer park, St. James's Park . The new palace, secondary in the king's interest to Henry's Whitehall Palace , was constructed between 1531 and 1536 as a smaller residence to escape formal court life. Much smaller than
688-463: The Balkan states and Turkey following the two Balkan Wars . Edward VIII when Prince of Wales used the palace as his 'town' residence until he moved into Marlborough House , and George VI as Duke of York resided there prior to his marriage in 1923. The Second Round Table Conference (September–December 1931), pertaining to Indian independence, was held at the palace. On 12 June 1941, Representatives of
731-475: The Commonwealth, landscaping St James's Park at the same time. Mary II and Anne, Queen of Great Britain , were both born at the palace. It became the principal residence of the monarch in London in 1698, during the reign of William III , after Whitehall Palace was destroyed by fire, and became the administrative centre of the monarchy, a role it retains, in part. Also, at the time of the loss of Whitehall,
774-586: The Economist Buildings, which occupy an area from St James's Street to Bury Street (Nos 28–30d), London, SW1. Built by Alison and Peter Smithson between 1962 and 1964, in the New Brutalist Style . Although a relatively short street (160 meters), there are several businesses, most notably art dealers, including Old Master dealers, Hazlitt, Gooden & Fox , at No 38 and Colnaghi at No 26, modern and contemporary art dealers, The Nine British Art
817-776: The Palace. While the Queen's Chapel is open to the public at selected times, the Chapel Royal in the palace is not accessible to the public. They both remain active places of worship. The offices of the Royal Collection Department , the Marshal of the Diplomatic Corps , the Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood , the Chapel Royal , the Gentlemen at Arms , the Yeomen of the Guard and
860-637: The United Kingdom, Canada , Australia , New Zealand , the Union of South Africa , and of the exiled governments of Belgium , Czechoslovakia , Greece , Luxembourg , Netherlands , Norway , Poland , and Yugoslavia , as well as General Charles de Gaulle of France, met and signed the Declaration of St James's Palace , which was the first of six treaties signed that established the United Nations and composed
903-496: The east by Haymarket . The area's name is derived from the dedication of a 12th-century leper hospital to Saint James the Less . The hospital site is now occupied by St James's Palace . The area became known as "Clubland" because of the historic presence of gentlemen's clubs . The section of Regent Street (colloquially known as 'Lower Regent Street') that runs between Waterloo Place and Piccadilly Circus has been officially renamed 'Regent Street St James's'. St James's
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#1732851837058946-600: The east side of Bury Street. St James%27s St James's is a central district in the City of Westminster , London, forming part of the West End . The area was once part of the northwestern gardens and parks of St. James's Palace . During the Restoration in the 17th century, the area was developed as a residential location for the British aristocracy , and around the 19th century
989-484: The eldest son of King James and Anne of Denmark , lived at St James's Palace until his death in 1612. The gardens were improved for him by Alphonsus Fowle. A riding school, one of the first in England, was built for Henry at St James's Palace between 1607 and 1609, and then a library with sculptural decoration by Maximilian Colt . Henry also installed a menagerie with pet birds including a pair of ostriches . Charles II
1032-504: The first loafer , was located at 41 Duke Street but is now at 13 Savile Row . Art galleries catering for a spectrum of tastes occupy premises in the area. The White Cube gallery, which represents Damien Hirst and Tracey Emin , opened in Duke Street before moving to Hoxton Square . In September 2006, it opened a second gallery at 25–26 Mason's Yard, off Duke Street, on a plot previously occupied by an electricity substation. The gallery
1075-407: The late 18th century, George III refurbished the state apartments but neglected the living quarters. The last monarch to take up residence at St. James's, at least part of the year, was William IV . He had earlier built Clarence House on adjacent palace grounds and connecting it to the palace. Queen Victoria formalised the move in 1837, ending the status of St James's as the primary residence of
1118-413: The monarch; it became used during her reign as a venue for courts, levees and other ceremonies. It was nevertheless where Victoria married her husband, Prince Albert , in 1840, and where, eighteen years later, their eldest child, Princess Victoria married her husband, Prince Frederick of Prussia . In 1912–1913 the palace was the venue for the international conference that arranged the treaty between
1161-457: The move was formalised by Queen Victoria in 1837. The palace now houses a number of offices, official societies and collections, and all ambassadors and high commissioners to the United Kingdom are still accredited to the Court of St James's. The palace's Chapel Royal is still used for functions of the British royal family . Official receptions are also regularly hosted at the palace. The palace
1204-620: The nearby Whitehall, St James's is arranged around four courtyards, the Colour Court, the Ambassador's Court, the Engine Court, and the Friary Court . The four courts remain enclosed, except for Friary Court, which in modern times is only enclosed by apartments on three sides, with the fourth side open to Marlborough Road to accommodate public gatherings. The most recognisable feature of the palace
1247-461: The new parish. For elections to Westminster City Council , the area is part of the St James's ward. The ward includes Covent Garden , the Strand , Westminster and part of Mayfair. The ward elects three councillors. Notable streets include: The following utilises the generally accepted boundaries of St James’s, viz. Piccadilly to the north, Haymarket and Cockspur Street to the east, The Mall to
1290-512: The north to Pall Mall in the south. It roughly corresponded to the contemporary St James's area, but extended into parts of Soho and Mayfair . Land south of Pall Mall remained in St Martin in the Fields' parish, and St James's Park was split between the parishes of St Martin and St Margaret . St James's Palace was an extra-parochial area and not part of any parish. A select vestry was created for
1333-465: The palace for three years, but the residence of a Catholic former queen of France proved unpopular with parliament and she was soon asked to leave for Cologne . Charles spent his final night at St James's before his execution . Oliver Cromwell then took it over, and turned it into barracks during the English Commonwealth period. The palace was restored by Charles II following the demise of
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1376-551: The proclamation of King Charles III . To allow the Garter King of Arms and the trumpeters access to the balcony, workers removed the centre window the prior day and installed a temporary door. St James's Palace is still a working palace, and the Royal Court is still formally based there, despite the monarch residing elsewhere. It is also the London residence of Princess Anne , Princess Beatrice , and Princess Alexandra . The palace
1419-549: The rate books of St Martins in 1673, 11 names were recorded. On 23 February 1755 Horace Walpole described a fire in Bury Street. A newspaper at the time reported: "Yesterday morning [20 Feb.], about five o'clock, a fire broke out at Mr Thompson's, an embroiderer in Bury Street, St James's, which entirely consumed the same, and damaged several other houses adjoining" ( The Daily Advertiser , 21 February 1755). The freehold of
1462-512: The south and Queen's Walk to the west. St James's is a predominantly commercial area with some of the highest rents in London and, consequently, the world. The auction house Christie's is based in King Street, and the surrounding streets contain many upmarket art and antique dealers including Colnaghi , Agnew's Gallery , Moretti Fine Art , Hazlitt, Gooden & Fox , Stoppenbach & Delestre Ltd, The Sladmore Gallery and S Franses Ltd. BP
1505-556: The street belongs to The Crown Estate . Notable residents have included writer Jonathan Swift , writer and politician Richard Steele , William Brummell father of Beau Brummell , the statesman Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool , Irish poet Thomas Moore and poet George Crabbe . In Swift's A Journal to Stella , he wrote "Tomorrow I change my lodgings to Bury Street". (Letter 3, London, 9 September 1710). There are two listed buildings in Bury Street: There are also
1548-481: Was born at the palace on 29 May 1630; his parents were Charles I , who ruled the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland , and Henrietta Maria , the sister of the French king Louis XIII . James II , the second surviving son of King Charles I and Henrietta Maria, was born at the palace on 14 October 1633. In 1638, Charles I gave the palace to Marie de Medici , the mother of Henrietta Maria. Marie remained in
1591-507: Was in the ancient parish of St Martin in the Fields in the Liberty of Westminster . Attempts made in 1664, 1668 and 1670 to separate St James's from the parish were resisted by St Martin's vestry . The building of St James's Church, Piccadilly in 1684 forced the issue, and a new parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster was created in 1685. The parish stretched from Oxford Street in
1634-424: Was mainly built between 1531 and 1536 in red brick , and its architecture is primarily Tudor in style. The Queen's Chapel was added in the 1620s, and Clarence House was built on palace grounds directly next to the Palace in the 1820s. A fire in 1809 destroyed parts of the palace, including the monarch's private apartments, which were never replaced. Some 17th-century interiors survive, but most were remodelled in
1677-664: Was once part of the same royal park as Green Park and St. James's Park . In the 1660s, Charles II gave the right to develop the area to Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of St Albans who developed it as a predominantly aristocratic residential area around a grid of streets centred on St James's Square . Until the Second World War , St James's remained one of the most exclusive residential enclaves in London. Notable residences include St James's Palace , Clarence House , Marlborough House , Lancaster House , Spencer House , Schomberg House , Norfolk House and Bridgewater House . St James's
1720-521: Was remodelled in 1544, with ceilings painted by Hans Holbein and was described as a "pleasant royal house". Two of Henry VIII's children died at Saint James's, Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset , and Mary I . Elizabeth I often resided at the palace, and is said to have spent the night there while waiting for the Spanish Armada to sail up the Channel. Prince Henry, Prince of Wales ,
1763-558: Was struck by an IRA bomb. St James%27s Palace St James's Palace is the most senior royal palace in London , the capital of the United Kingdom . The palace gives its name to the Court of St James's , which is the monarch's royal court , and is located in the City of Westminster in London. Although no longer the principal residence of the monarch, it is the ceremonial meeting place of
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1806-549: Was the first part of what later became the Royal Collection . George III found St James's unsuitable. The Tudor palace was regarded as uncomfortable and its now built up area as not affording its residents enough privacy, or the space to withdraw from the court into family life. In 1762, shortly after his wedding, George purchased Buckingham House – the predecessor to Buckingham Palace – for his queen, Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz . In 1809,
1849-424: Was the focus of the development of their gentlemen's clubs . Once part of the parish of St Martin in the Fields , much of it formed the parish of St James from 1685 to 1922. Since the Second World War the area has transitioned from residential to commercial use. St James's is bounded to the north by Piccadilly and Mayfair , to the west by Green Park , to the south by The Mall and St. James's Park , and to
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