10-392: Bulis bivittata is a species of "jewel beetles" in the subfamily Polycestinae , the only species in the genus Bulis . This Buprestidae -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Buprestidae Agrilinae Buprestinae Chrysochroinae Galbellinae Julodinae † Parathyreinae Polycestinae (but see text) Buprestidae
20-428: A few types attack green wood; some of these are serious pests capable of killing trees and causing major economic damage, such as the invasive emerald ash borer . Some species are attracted to recently burned forests to lay their eggs. They can sense pine wood smoke from up to 50 miles away, and can see infrared light, helping them to zero in as they get closer to a forest fire . Ten species of flatheaded borers of
30-673: Is a family of beetles known as jewel beetles or metallic wood-boring beetles because of their glossy iridescent colors. Larvae of this family are known as flatheaded borers . The family is among the largest of the beetles, with some 15,500 species known in 775 genera . In addition, almost 100 fossil species have been described. The larger and more spectacularly colored jewel beetles are highly prized by insect collectors . The elytra of some Buprestidae species have been traditionally used in beetlewing jewellery and decoration in certain countries in Asia, like India, Thailand and Japan. Shape
40-400: Is a modified, hardened forewing of beetles (Coleoptera), though a few of the true bugs ( Hemiptera ) such as the family Schizopteridae are extremely similar; in true bugs, the forewings are called hemelytra (sometimes alternatively spelled as "hemielytra"), and in most species only the basal half is thickened while the apex is membranous, but when they are entirely thickened the condition
50-403: Is generally cylindrical or elongate to ovoid, with lengths ranging from 3 to 80 mm (0.12 to 3.15 in), although most species are under 20 mm (0.79 in). Catoxantha , Chrysaspis , Euchroma and Megaloxantha contain the largest species. A variety of bright colors are known, often in complicated patterns. The iridescence common to these beetles is not due to pigments in
60-405: Is referred to as "coleopteroid". An elytron is sometimes also referred to as a shard . The elytra primarily serve as protective wing-cases for the hindwings underneath, which are used for flying. To fly, a beetle typically opens the elytra and then extends the hindwings, flying while still holding the elytra open, though many beetles in the families Scarabaeidae and Buprestidae can fly with
70-485: The exoskeleton , but instead is caused by structural coloration , in which microscopic texture in their cuticle selectively reflects specific frequencies of light in particular directions. This is the same effect that makes a compact disc reflect multiple colors. The larvae bore through roots, logs, stems, and leaves of various types of plants, ranging from trees to grasses . The wood boring types generally favor dying or dead branches on otherwise-healthy trees, while
80-466: The anterior part of the body being much broader than the rest. The bronzed adults are usually seen only where suitable material occurs in sunny locations. Jewel beetle classification is not yet robustly established, although there appear to be five or six main lineages, which may be considered subfamilies, possibly with one or two being raised to families in their own right. Some other systems define up to 14 subfamilies. The earliest unambiguous members of
90-565: The family Buprestidae feed on spruce and fir , but hemlock is their preferred food source (Rose and Lindquist 1985). As with roundheaded borers , most feeding occurs in dying or dead trees, or close to injuries on living trees. Damage becomes abundant only where a continuing supply of breeding material is available. The life history of these borers is similar to that of the roundheaded borers, but some exceedingly long life cycles have been reported under adverse conditions. Full-grown larvae , up to 25 mm long, are characteristically flattened,
100-806: The family are known from the Middle Jurassic , around 160 million years ago, earler claimed records from the Triassic based on isolated elytra are not defintive. The commonly accepted subfamilies, with some representative genera, are: Agrilinae – cosmopolitan, with most taxa occurring in the Northern Hemisphere Buprestinae – cosmopolitan Chrysochroinae Galbellinae Julodinae Polycestinae Elytron An elytron ( / ˈ ɛ l ə t r ɒ n / ; from Ancient Greek ἔλυτρον (élutron) 'sheath, cover'; pl. : elytra , / ˈ ɛ l ə t r ə / )
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