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33-489: The "Rifles" designation was a holdover from the days when soldiers who carried rifled weapons wore a special outfit, and the Bucktails carried breech-loading Model 1859 Sharps Rifles , normally only issued to sharpshooters. The 13th Pennsylvania Reserves was mustered at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania on June 21, 1861. Thomas L. Kane was elected colonel, Charles John Biddle as lieutenant colonel, and Roy Stone as major. Kane, as

66-815: A bottleneck or straight-walled case. These cartridges included the .40-1 5 ⁄ 8 Bottleneck ( .40-50 Sharps Bottleneck), .40-1 7 ⁄ 8 Straight ( .40-50 Sharps Straight), .40-2 1 ⁄ 4 Bottleneck (.40-70 Sharps Bottleneck), .40-2 1 ⁄ 2 Straight (.40-70 Sharps Bottleneck), .40-2 5 ⁄ 8 Bottleneck (.40-90 Sharps Bottleneck), .44-1 5 ⁄ 8 (.44-60 Sharps), .44-2 1 ⁄ 4 (.44-77 Sharps or Remington), .44-2 5 ⁄ 8 (.44-90 Sharps), .45-2 1 ⁄ 10 ( .45-70 Government ), .45-2 4 ⁄ 10 (.45-90 Sharps or Winchester), .45-2 6 ⁄ 10 (.45-100 Sharps), .45-2 7 ⁄ 8 (.45-110 Sharps), .50-1 3 ⁄ 4 ( .50-70 Government ), .50-2.00 (No Modern Equivalent), and .50-2 1 ⁄ 2 ( .50-90 Sharps ). In 1990,

99-727: A civilian, wanted to have Biddle, a Mexican War Veteran, be colonel instead, and a second election was held, granting Kane his wish. The unit served as part of the Pennsylvania Reserves for the majority of its service with the Union Army. The regiment was initially issued .69 caliber smoothbore muskets, but some of the men would not accept them, insisting that they were a rifle regiment. They eventually received .58 caliber rifles and used these weapons through August 1862. The 13th Reserves were first assigned to garrison duty in Maryland. On July 12

132-492: A far distance. Firearms manufacturers such as Davide Pedersoli and Shiloh Rifle Manufacturing Company have credited these movies with an increase in demand for those rifles. As a result of the popularity of the film, a Sharps match is held annually in Forsyth, Montana , known as the "Matthew Quigley Buffalo Rifle Match". Originally, a 44-inch (1.1 m) target was placed at 1,000 yards (910 m) for each shooter, reminiscent of

165-478: A gun employing individually loaded percussion caps. It was used in the Civil War by multiple Union units, most famously by the U.S. Army marksmen known popularly as " Berdan's Sharpshooters " in honor of their leader, Hiram Berdan . The Sharps rifle made a superior sniper weapon of greater accuracy than the more commonly issued muzzle-loading rifled muskets . This was attributed to the higher rate of fire of

198-535: A scene from the movie. The match is billed as the "biggest rifle event shooting in Eastern Montana since the Custer Massacre " and has since developed into a two-day competition with eight shots for score on six steel silhouette targets at ranges from 350 to 805 yards (320 to 736 m). 190th Pennsylvania Infantry The 190th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in

231-586: A scouting party under Kane of sixty men were surrounded by cavalry at New Creek Village, but fought them off, killing eight Confederates and wounding sixteen. After receiving reinforcements, Kane moved to Ridgeville which he captured after a skirmish. In the fall, it was assigned to the V Corps of the Army of the Potomac , then serving in the Shenandoah Valley. On October 20, it marched to Dranesville, where Colonel Kane

264-513: Is a falling-block rifle used during and after the American Civil War in multiple variations. Along with being able to use a standard percussion cap , the Sharps has an unusual pellet primer feed. This is a device which holds a stack of pelleted primers and flips one over the nipple each time the trigger is pulled and the hammer falls—making it much easier to fire a Sharps from horseback than

297-405: The 190th Pennsylvania Infantry . Sharps rifle#Sharps military rifles and carbines Sharps rifles are a series of large-bore, single-shot , falling-block , breech-loading rifles , beginning with a design by Christian Sharps in 1848 and ceasing production in 1881. They were renowned for long-range accuracy. By 1874, the rifle was available in a variety of calibers, and it was one of

330-403: The 1st Maryland Infantry, CSA , and a Louisiana regiment, for an hour, killing General Turner Ashby . Colonel Kane was captured in the retreat. They had lost 52 men, and Confederates had lost over 500. The other six companies went under Major Stone. During the retreat from Richmond, they lost one company in a swamp, then fought at Gaines Mill. Two other companies were lost during the retreat. At

363-595: The Maynard tape primer , and surviving examples are marked Edward Maynard - Patentee 1845 . In 1851, the second model was brought to the Robbins & Lawrence Company (R&L) of Windsor, Vermont , where the Model 1851 was developed for mass production. Rollin White of R&L invented the knife-edge breech block and self-cocking device for the "box-lock" Model 1851. This is referred to as

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396-1400: The Union Army during the American Civil War . The 190th Pennsylvania Infantry was organized at while in the field from veterans and recruits of the Pennsylvania Reserves and mustered in May 31, 1864 under the command of Colonel William Ross Hartshorne. The regiment was attached to 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, V Corps , Army of the Potomac , to August 1864. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, V Corps, to September 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, V Corps, to June 1865. The 190th Pennsylvania Infantry mustered out of service on June 28, 1865. Battles about Cold Harbor, Va., June 1–12, 1864. Bethesda Church June 1–3. White Oak Swamp Bridge June 13. Before Petersburg June 16–18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864 to April 2, 1865. Weldon Railroad June 21–23, 1864. Mine Explosion, Petersburg, July 30 (reserve). Weldon Railroad August 18–21. Poplar Springs Church September 29 – October 2. Boydton Plank Road, Hatcher's Run, October 27–28. Warren's Expedition to Weldon Railroad December 7–12. Dabney's Mills, Hatcher's Run, February 5–7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28 – April 9. Lewis Farm, near Gravelly Run, March 29. White Oak Road March 31. Five Forks April 1. Appomattox Court House April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. Marched to Washington, D.C., May 1–12. Grand Review of

429-592: The Western film Quigley Down Under , Tom Selleck 's title character uses a Sharps rifle chambered in the .45-110, also known as the 45-2 7 ⁄ 8 " Sharps. Theater Crafts Industry went so far as to say, "In Quigley Down Under , which we did in 1990, the Sharps rifle practically co-stars with Tom Selleck." This statement was echoed by gunwriters including John Taffin in Guns and Lionel Atwill in Field & Stream , crediting

462-446: The breech loading mechanism and superior quality of manufacture, as well as the ease with which it could be reloaded from a kneeling or prone position. At this time however, many officers were distrustful of breech-loading weapons on the grounds that they would encourage men to waste ammunition. In addition, the Sharps rifle was expensive to manufacture (three times the cost of a muzzle-loading Springfield rifle ) and so only 11,000 of

495-575: The "first contract", which was for 10,000 Model 1851 carbines, of which approximately 1,650 were produced by R&L in Windsor. In 1851, the "second contract" was made, for 15,000 rifles, and the Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company was organized as a holding company with $ 1,000 in capital and with John C. Palmer as president, Christian Sharps as engineer, and Richard S. Lawrence as master armorer and superintendent of manufacturing. Sharps

528-663: The Chancellorsville Campaign. Prior to the Gettysburg Campaign, the 13th Pennsylvania returned to the Pennsylvania Reserves division was reassigned to the V Corps. Niles was wounded and Taylor was killed in fighting at the edge of The Wheatfield, leaving Major Hartshorn in command. They then marched to Spotsylvania for their final battle. The regiment was mustered out of service on June 11, 1864. Those who had reenlisted as veteran volunteers were transferred to

561-456: The Model 1859s were produced. Most were unissued or given to sharpshooters, but the 13th Pennsylvania Reserves (which still carried the old-fashioned designation of a "rifle regiment") carried them until being mustered out in 1864. The carbine version was very popular with the cavalry of both the Union and Confederate armies and was issued in much larger numbers than other carbines of the war and

594-625: The Peninsula, Companies C, G, H, and I, under the command of Kane, remaining in the Valley. This provisional battalion fought in several battles of the 1862 Valley Campaign. During the Battle of Harrisonburg on June 6, in an attempt to rescue a Captain Haines and his wounded men of the 1st New Jersey Cavalry , the regiment held off Steuart's Brigade, including the 44th Virginia Infantry , the 58th Virginia Infantry ,

627-589: The Sharps Rifle Co. before its closing in 1881. Reproductions of the paper cartridge Sharps Model 1859 and Model 1863 rifle and carbine, the metallic-cartridge Model 1874 Sharps rifle, and Sharps-Borchardt Model 1878 have been manufactured for use in Civil War re-enacting , hunting , and target shooting . The military Sharps rifle was produced by the Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company and

660-647: The command of McNeil, who had been sick; the Pennsylvania Reserve Division, now designated as the Third Division of the I Corps of the Army of the Potomac. The regiment was rearmed with Model 1859 Sharps breechloader rifles prior to setting off on the Maryland Campaign. At Bull Run, Kane was promoted to brigadier general for covering Pope's retreat. His position was filled by Edward Irvin. The new major

693-475: The famed abolitionist Henry Ward Beecher . The Model 1874 Sharps (this model had been in production since 1871) was a particularly popular rifle that led to the introduction of several derivatives in quick succession. It handled a large number of .40 to .50 caliber cartridges in a variety of loadings and barrel lengths. Hugo Borchardt designed the Sharps-Borchardt Model 1878 , the last rifle made by

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726-562: The few designs to be successfully adapted to metallic cartridge use. The Sharps rifles became icons of the American Old West with their appearances in many Western-genre films and books. Perhaps as a result, several rifle companies offer reproductions of the Sharps rifle. Sharps' initial rifle was patented September 12, 1848, and manufactured by A. S. Nippes at Mill Creek in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania, in 1850. The second model used

759-468: The film with an impact to rival that of Dirty Harry on the Smith & Wesson Model 29 chambered in .44 Remington Magnum . Burt Lancaster's character Valdez in the movie Valdez Is Coming (1971) uses a Sharps rifle with deadly results at almost 1,000 yards (910 m). Also, in the western Billy Two Hats (1974), David Huddleston's character Copeland wounds Gregory Peck's character, Archie Deans, at

792-482: The late 1840s until the early 1880s. After the American Civil War, converted army surplus rifles were made into custom firearms, and the Sharps factory produced Models 1869 and 1874 in large numbers for commercial buffalo hunters and frontiersmen. These large-bore rifles were manufactured with some of the most powerful black powder cartridges ever made. Sharps also fabricated special long-range target versions for

825-588: The popular Creedmoor style of 1,000-yard (910 m) target shooting. Many modern black powder cartridge silhouette shooters use original and replica Sharps rifles to target metallic silhouettes cut in the shapes of animals at ranges up to 500 metres (550 yd). Shiloh Rifle Manufacturing Company and C Sharps Arms of Big Timber, Montana , have been manufacturing reproductions of the Sharps rifle since 1983, respectively. Between 1871 and 1880, Sharps rifles were chambered in 15 different cartridges that had bore diameters of .40, .44, .45, and .50 inches with either

858-667: The retreat to Harrison's Landing, Stone and his men constructed a bridge over a stream, possibly saving the Union army. Stone took command of a different regiment after this. After the Peninsula Campaign, the regiment served in the Northern Virginia Campaign and participated in the defense of Henry House Hill during the closing hours of the Second Battle of Bull Run . In early September, the two battalions were re-united under

891-538: The rifle famous. In 1874, the company was reorganized and renamed the "Sharps Rifle Company," and it remained in Hartford until 1876, whereupon it relocated to Bridgeport, Connecticut . The Sharps rifle played a prominent role in the Bleeding Kansas conflict during the 1850s, particularly in the hands of anti-slavery forces. The Sharps rifles supplied to anti-slavery factions earned the name " Beecher's Bibles ", after

924-421: The stock. Although long thought to be a coffee mill , experimentation with some of the few survivors suggests the grinder is ill-suited for coffee. The modern consensus is that its true purpose was for grinding corn or wheat or, more appropriately, for grinding charcoal needed in the production of black powder . Unlike the Sharps rifle, the carbine was very popular, and almost 90,000 were produced. By 1863, it

957-502: Was Alanson Niles. The regiment was decimated at Antietam, losing Colonel McNeil. The new commander was Charles Frederick Taylor , who had been captured twice by Confederates. They participated in the assault on Fredericksburg . Irwin resigned from injury, and Niles became lieutenant colonel. The Pennsylvania Reserves division was severely depleted from months of campaigning and in early 1863, they were sent back to Washington D.C. to rest and refit. The 13th Reserves thus did not participate in

990-600: Was the most common weapon carried by Union cavalry regiments, although in 1864 many were replaced by seven-shot Spencer carbines. Some Sharps clones were produced by the Confederates in Richmond . Quality was generally poorer, and they normally used brass fittings instead of iron. The British purchased 1,000 Model 1852 carbines in 1855 which were later used in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 . Sharps made sporting versions from

1023-543: Was to be paid a royalty of $ 1 per firearm, and the factory was built on R&L's property in Hartford, Connecticut . The Model 1851 was replaced in production by the Model 1853. Christian Sharps left the company in 1855 to form his own manufacturing company called "C. Sharps & Company" in Philadelphia; Lawrence continued as the chief armorer until 1872 and developed the various Sharps models and their improvements that made

13th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-514: Was top in production in front of the Spencer or Burnside carbine . The falling-block action lent itself to conversion to the new metallic cartridges developed in the late 1860s, and many of these converted carbines in .50-70 Government were used during the Indian Wars in the decades immediately following the Civil War. Some Civil War–issue carbines have an unusual feature: a hand-cranked grinder in

1089-560: Was wounded in the mouth while repulsing the Confederates. During a reorganization of the regiment in January 1862, Hugh W. McNeil was elected colonel and Kane lieutenant colonel, with Stone remaining major. Biddle had resigned to take his place in Congress. During the Peninsula Campaign , the Pennsylvania Reserves division was assigned as part of the I Corps ; only part of the regiment went to

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