140-555: Brunton Park is a football stadium and the home of Carlisle United . It is situated in the city of Carlisle and has a certified capacity of 17,949. The ground opened in 1909. Brunton Park's grandstand burned down in 1953 and the stadium flooded completely in 2005 and again in 2015. Brunton Park is split into four separate stands: Warwick Road End, East Stand, Main (West) Stand and the Petteril End, which remains closed unless exceptionally large crowds are in attendance. Brunton Park
280-456: A foul in the build-up to the goal. Depending on the format of the competition, an equal number of goals scored may result in a draw being declared with 1 point awarded to each team, or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shoot-out . Internationally, association football is governed by FIFA . Under FIFA, there are six continental confederations: AFC , CAF , CONCACAF , CONMEBOL , OFC , and UEFA . Of these confederations, CONMEBOL
420-601: A stele of c. 375–400 BCE in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship trophy. Athenaeus , writing in 228 CE, mentions the Roman ball game harpastum . Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football , wrestling , and volleyball more than what
560-464: A 49% stake) of the new Eddie Stobart logistics business. The deal enabled the group to pay back almost all of its debt, conduct a £35 million share buy-back and invest £55 million into its new division, Stobart Green Energy. At the same time William Stobart left his position as Chief Operating Officer of the Stobart Group to become Executive Chairman of Eddie Stobart Logistics . On 11 May 2017, it
700-546: A 5% stake in the airline. Stobart Group had an option to increase its stake by a further 27.5% to 32.5%. At the same time, Aer Arann announced that it would start twice daily flights from Stobart Group's London Southend Airport to Galway and Waterford in Ireland from 27 March 2011. On 24 February 2017 Stobart Group completed 100% acquisition of Stobart Air , after purchasing the remaining 19% of Everdeal Holdings. Stobart Group also completed 100% ownership of Propius Holdings Ltd,
840-488: A French XI team in 1920, and also made up most of the England team against a Scottish Ladies XI in the same year, winning 22–0. Despite being more popular than some men's football events, with one match seeing a 53,000 strong crowd in 1920, women's football in England suffered a blow in 1921 when The Football Association outlawed the playing of the game on association members' pitches, stating that "the game of football
980-401: A Westbury Properties Ltd. subsidiary, Moneypenny Ltd., were used by the Stobart Group for its operations. On 17 January 2012, Stobart Group announced it was purchasing WADI Properties Ltd. itself for £12.35 million (£5.15 million in cash and £7.2 million in new Stobart Group ordinary shares) from W. A. Developments International Ltd. Following another independent shareholder vote, the acquisition
1120-442: A caution ( yellow card ) or dismissal ( red card ). A second yellow card in the same game leads to a red card, which results in a dismissal. A player given a yellow card is said to have been "booked", the referee writing the player's name in their official notebook. If a player has been dismissed, no substitute can be brought on in their place and the player may not participate in further play. Misconduct may occur at any time, and while
1260-497: A deadlock; some competitions may invoke replays . A game tied at the end of regulation time may go into extra time, which consists of two further 15-minute periods. If the score is still tied after extra time, some competitions allow the use of penalty shoot-outs (known officially in the Laws of the Game as "kicks from the penalty mark") to determine which team will progress to the next stage of
1400-622: A first round replay, losing 1–3. By the time the East Stand was opened in August 1996, plans were afoot to redevelop Brunton Park into a 28,000 capacity all-seater stadium. However, the club's lack of progress on the pitch over the next decade, along with the subsequent departure of ambitious owner Michael Knighton , meant that the stadium remained unchanged from that date. On 18 November 2011, with Carlisle United established in League One (third tier) for
1540-400: A goal has been scored or not; this was brought in to prevent controversy. Video assistant referees (VAR) have also been increasingly introduced in high-level matches to assist officials through video replays to correct clear and obvious mistakes. There are four types of calls that can be reviewed: mistaken identity in awarding a red or yellow card, goals and whether there was a violation during
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#17328548792891680-432: A last-minute rival bid. On 18 March 2020, Connect Airways entered administration. On 27 April 2020, Stobart Group bought back Stobart Air and Propius Leasing from Connect Airways administrators EY , for an initial payment of £300,000 and deferred consideration that could total £8.25 million. In April 2021, Isle of Man -based company Ettyl reached an agreement to buy Stobart Air and Carlisle Lake District Airport. At
1820-436: A last-minute rival bid. On 5 March 2020, the consortium was unable to commit further financial support and Flybe entered administration, ceasing all operations. On 18 March 2020, Connect Airways in turn entered administration. On 10 March 2008 the Stobart Group acquired W. A. Developments Ltd from W. A. Developments International Ltd, for £15 million (£2.5 million in cash and £12.5 million in new Stobart Group shares). At
1960-628: A latex bladder for pressurisation, but modern balls at all levels of the game are now synthetic. As the Laws were formulated in England, and were initially administered solely by the four British football associations within IFAB , the standard dimensions of a football pitch were originally expressed in imperial units . The Laws now express dimensions with approximate metric equivalents (followed by traditional units in brackets), though use of imperial units remains popular in English-speaking countries with
2100-519: A meeting attended by representatives from Eton , Harrow , Rugby , Winchester and Shrewsbury schools. They were not universally adopted. During the 1850s, many clubs unconnected to schools or universities were formed throughout the English-speaking world to play various forms of football. Some came up with their own distinct codes of rules, most notably the Sheffield Football Club , formed by former public school pupils in 1857, which led to
2240-504: A mix of basketball, and volleyball. This is the earliest form of a kicking game for which there is historical evidence. The game was first recorded as in exercise in the Zhan Guo Ce , a military history from the Han dynasty . Cuju players would pass the ball around, having to avoid it touching the ground at any point. It was then passed to a designated player, who attempted to kick it through
2380-502: A multi-modal logistics company operating across the road, rail and ports sectors, which between 2007 and 2014 was Stobart Group's main operation, when it was a wholly owned subsidiary. On 11 October 2010, the Stobart Group announced that it was purchasing 35 convertible preference shares of €1 each in the parent company of the Irish airline Aer Arann , Everdeal Ltd, through its subsidiary Aer Arann UK Ltd, for €2.5 million, enabling it to have
2520-419: A number of boardroom changes. The Non-Executive Chairman, Rodney Baker-Bates, was demoted to Non-Executive Director, whilst Avril Palmer-Baunack, the former Chief Executive of Autologic and now Deputy Chief Executive of Stobart Group, was promoted to Executive Chairman. Her remit was to sell off under-performing parts of the business. In April 2013, Stobart Group announced that Palmer-Baunack would be leaving
2660-426: A penalty kick. Other markings define the position of the ball or players at kick-offs , goal kicks, penalty kicks and corner kicks. A standard adult football match consists of two halves of 45 minutes each. Each half runs continuously, meaning that the clock is not stopped when the ball is out of play. There is usually a 15-minute half-time break between halves. The end of the match is known as full-time. The referee
2800-416: A relatively recent history of metrication (or only partial metrication), such as Britain. The length of the pitch, or field, for international adult matches is in the range of 100–110 m (110–120 yd) and the width is in the range of 64–75 m (70–80 yd). Fields for non-international matches may be 90–120 m (100–130 yd) in length and 45–90 m (50–100 yd) in width, provided
2940-458: A result of the associated removal of around 130 seats from part of the back row). One peculiar thing fans may have noticed when visiting the ground is that the stand actually runs 20 yards (18 m) past the goal line at the northern end of the pitch. That is because the club erected the stand with a view to moving the pitch further northwards so a new stand at the southern end of the ground could also be built. Those plans never materialised, and so
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#17328548792893080-578: A result of this, the group's largest shareholder Toscafund Asset Management, would increase its shareholding to 27.56%. It also announced that as a result of concentrating on its airports and aviation services businesses, it had decided to divest all its non-core assets to raise further cash, by selling its remaining stake in Eddie Stobart Logistics , and Stobart Air , Propius, Stobart Rail & Civils , Stobart Energy and all its remaining non-core commercial properties. Stobart Group Ltd confirmed
3220-522: A similar ancient game ( cuju , or tsu chu ) was played by women during the Han dynasty (25–220 CE), as female figures are depicted in frescoes of the period playing tsu chu . There are also reports of annual football matches played by women in Midlothian , Scotland, during the 1790s. Association football, the modern game, has documented early involvement of women. In 1863, football governing bodies introduced standardised rules to prohibit violence on
3360-444: A small seated area to the east. This stand usually remains closed unless exceptionally large crowds are expected. To the west of the stand is a small control tower which is used to facilitate crowd supervision on match days. Also located here is the only scoreboard in the stadium and an advertising screen which sometimes displays goal replays. The pitch at Brunton Park currently measures 104 by 67 metres (114 by 73 yards). Originally
3500-476: A soil-based pitch was housed which was built over a landfill site; over the years this caused numerous settlement problems such as dips and crowns. When Bill Shankly joined the club in 1949 he called the ground "a glorified hen coop, everything was in terrible condition except for the pitch and that was always a good one". The pitch was, and still is, laid with local Solway turf, which was favoured by Wimbledon , and Wembley Stadium before its renovation. During
3640-519: A stock market listing. Westbury acquired the ultimate Eddie Stobart Ltd holding company, Stobart Holdings Ltd, from W.A. Developments International Ltd for £137.7 million: £62 million in cash and £76 million in new Westbury Property Fund shares. The renamed Westbury group then became the London Stock Exchange listed Stobart Group Ltd, with Andrew Tinkler and William Stobart becoming substantial shareholders holding 20% and 8.5% respectively of
3780-461: A triple triangle roof, it is situated at the southern end of the stadium. Currently sponsored by Armstrong Watson Chartered Accountants, it is affectionately known as "the Warwick" to most Carlisle fans. The stand has a capacity of 3,300 and usually houses the most vocal supporters on match day. It has recently been adopted by a group of younger fans who gave up their February 2023 half-term to help repaint
3920-554: A truce to the nation's civil war in 2006 and it helped further reduce tensions between government and rebel forces in 2007 by playing a match in the rebel capital of Bouaké , an occasion that brought both armies together peacefully for the first time. By contrast, football is widely considered to have been the final proximate cause for the Football War in June 1969 between El Salvador and Honduras . The sport also exacerbated tensions at
4060-432: A variety of positions in which the outfield (non-goalkeeper) players are strategically placed by a coach, these positions are not defined or required by the Laws. The basic equipment or kit players are required to wear includes a shirt, shorts, socks, footwear and adequate shin guards . An athletic supporter and protective cup is highly recommended for male players by medical experts and professionals. Headgear
4200-602: A vendor loan note, and the remaining £5 million was to be paid on the completion of the London Southend Airport expansion plans in July 2012. In June 2023, Esken confirmed it had put London Southend Airport up for sale. It was purchased by Carlyle in March 2024. In 2006, Stobart had also been considering expanding into the air freight business. On 7 April 2006 Haughey Airports Ltd – the company which operated Carlisle Airport –
4340-469: A £50,000 option agreement to purchase the airport, controlled by WA Developments through Stobart Air Holdings. In January 2009, Stobart Group's subsidiary, Stobart Airports Ltd, exercised its option to acquire Carlisle Lake District Airport from Stobart Air Holdings for £14 million (£1 million less than originally announced). Following an independent shareholder vote, the acquisition was completed in May 2009, and
Brunton Park - Misplaced Pages Continue
4480-408: Is flooded a least once every year. The West Stand is a mixed terraced and seated area with a capacity of 7,130 (including 2,095 seats and 80 hospitality). It is regarded as the main stand at Brunton Park and on average receives the highest attendance of home fans. The stand accommodates the club's offices and changing rooms as well as media facilities for radio and television coverage. The lower tier
4620-451: Is in play, the players mainly use their feet, but may also use any other part of their body, such as their head, chest and thighs, except for their hands or arms, to control, strike, or pass the ball. Only the goalkeepers may use their hands and arms, and that only within the penalty area . The team that has scored more goals at the end of the game is the winner. There are situations where a goal can be disallowed, such as an offside call or
4760-403: Is mainly a paddock terrace which runs the length of the pitch. The home and away dugouts are situated in front of this stand with the tunnel dividing it through the centre. To the north is an area for disabled supporters The upper tier is known as the family stand with a small section to the south known as the 'A' Stand, which houses school children. The full extent of the upper tier is seated and
4900-410: Is marked by the goal line, two lines starting on the goal line 16.5 m (18 yd) from the goalposts and extending 16.5 m (18 yd) into the pitch perpendicular to the goal line, and a line joining them. This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to mark where the goalkeeper may handle the ball and where a penalty foul by a member of the defending team becomes punishable by
5040-438: Is not a required piece of basic equipment, but players today may choose to wear it to protect themselves from head injury. Players are forbidden to wear or use anything that is dangerous to themselves or another player, such as jewellery or watches. The goalkeeper must wear clothing that is easily distinguishable from that worn by the other players and the match officials. A number of players may be replaced by substitutes during
5180-450: Is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game , a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the IFAB since 1886. The game is played with a football that is 68–70 cm (27–28 in) in circumference . The two teams compete to score goals by getting the ball into the other team's goal (between the posts, under the bar, and fully across the goal line). When the ball
5320-405: Is positioned on each goal line, midway between the two touchlines. The inner edges of the vertical goal posts must be 7.32 m (24 ft) apart, and the lower edge of the horizontal crossbar supported by the goal posts must be 2.44 m (8 ft) above the ground. Nets are usually placed behind the goal, but are not required by the Laws. In front of the goal is the penalty area. This area
5460-800: Is quite unsuitable for females and should not be encouraged." Players and football writers have argued that this ban was, in fact, due to envy of the large crowds that women's matches attracted, and because the FA had no control over the money made from the women's game. The FA ban led to the formation of the short-lived English Ladies Football Association and play moved to rugby grounds. Women's football also faced bans in several other countries , notably in Brazil from 1941 to 1979, in France from 1941 to 1970, and in Germany from 1955 to 1970. Restrictions began to be reduced in
5600-506: Is recognisable as modern football. As with pre-codified mob football , the antecedent of all modern football codes , these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking it. Association football in itself does not have a classical history. Notwithstanding any similarities to other ball games played around the world, FIFA has described that no historical connection exists with any game played in antiquity outside Europe. The history of football in England dates back to at least
5740-521: Is situated south of the ground on Warwick Road. It was renovated before reopening after the flooding in 2005, turning over £20,000 on its first day back in business. In front of the shop stands a life-size bronze statue of former player Hugh McIlmoyle . In 1982, Brunton Park hosted a rugby league match between Cumbria and Australia during the Australians' 1982 Kangaroo tour . On their way to their first ever undefeated tour of Great Britain and France ,
Brunton Park - Misplaced Pages Continue
5880-489: Is the largest football stadium in England to still including traditional terracing. In 2011, Carlisle United announced plans to move away from Brunton Park to a 12,000 capacity all-seater stadium, although in 2016 the club declared that the move to a new stadium had been shelved. At one time the ground capacity was set at 27,500 but this was first reduced in the 1980s and then before the 2012–13 season Cumbria County Council inspected Brunton Park and deemed that certain areas of
6020-579: Is the dominant region in women's football, with the United States winning the most FIFA Women's World Cups and Olympic tournaments. Europe and Asia come second and third in terms of international success, and the women's game has been improving in South America. Association football is played in accordance with a set of rules known as the Laws of the Game . The game is played using a spherical ball of 68–70 cm (27–28 in) circumference, known as
6160-426: Is the location of the stadium's most recent improvements, with upgraded seating bought from Darlington in 2006 during the club's move. At the north end of the stand is also a viewing gallery positioned between the two tiers of the stand. The gallery is in front of Foxy's restaurant, which offers hospitality packages to supporters. The most distinctive of the four stands at Brunton Park, a unique covered terrace with
6300-673: Is the most-viewed sporting event in the world, surpassing the Olympic Games . The two most prestigious competitions in club football are the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Women's Champions League , which attract an extensive television audience worldwide. The final of the men's tournament is the most-watched annual sporting event in the world. Association football is one of a family of football codes that emerged from various ball games played worldwide since antiquity. Within
6440-451: Is the official timekeeper for the match, and may make an allowance for time lost through substitutions, injured players requiring attention, or other stoppages. This added time is called "additional time" in FIFA documents, but is most commonly referred to as stoppage time or injury time , while lost time can also be used as a synonym. The duration of stoppage time is at the sole discretion of
6580-559: Is the oldest one, being founded in 1916. National associations (e.g. The FA in England) are responsible for managing the game in their own countries both professionally and at an amateur level, and coordinating competitions in accordance with the Laws of the Game. The most prestigious senior international competitions are the FIFA World Cup and the FIFA Women's World Cup . The men's World Cup
6720-404: Is to score goals; defenders , who specialise in preventing their opponents from scoring; and midfielders , who dispossess the opposition and keep possession of the ball to pass it to the forwards on their team. Players in these positions are referred to as outfield players, to distinguish them from the goalkeeper. These positions are further subdivided according to the area of the field in which
6860-421: The football (or soccer ball ). Two teams of eleven players each compete to get the ball into the other team's goal (between the posts and under the bar), thereby scoring a goal. The team that has scored more goals at the end of the game is the winner; if both teams have scored an equal number of goals then the game is a draw. Each team is led by a captain who has only one official responsibility as mandated by
7000-515: The Caribbean and Oceania regions (except Australia ) have yet to make a mark in international football. When it comes to men's national teams, Europeans and South Americans continue to dominate the FIFA World Cup, as no team from any other region has managed to even reach the final. These regional trends do not hold true for the women's game, as the United States women's national team has won
7140-975: The Mayor of the Tees Valley , Ben Houchen , who in January 2019 brought Durham Tees Valley Airport back into public ownership, unveiled Stobart Aviation as the new operators of the airport. Stobart manage the airport on behalf of the Tees Valley Combined Authority and invested in a 25% stake in the new airport company. The airport reverted to its previous name of Teesside International Airport in July 2019. Star Handling (formerly Stobart Aviation Services) offers landside and airside services to time critical logistics operations, whilst working alongside airline partners and airports. It has operations at London Stansted Airport , Manchester Airport and London Southend Airport . In May 2023, Esken announced they had completed
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#17328548792897280-713: The United Kingdom and Ireland . The company is registered in Guernsey but has its operational head office in London, England. The company originally started in January 2002 as the Westbury Property Fund Limited, a closed-ended real-estate investment fund. In August 2006, realising that property prices were reaching the peak of the market, the Westbury Property Fund decided to re-position its portfolio towards
7420-676: The fengliu yan , a circular goal atop 10–11 meter poles. During the Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), cuju games were standardised and rules were established. The Silk Road facilitated the transmission of cuju outside of China, especially the form of the game popular in the Tang dynasty , the period when the inflatable ball was invented and replaced the stuffed ball. Other East Asian games include kemari in Japan and chuk-guk in Korea, both influenced by cuju . Kemari originated after
7560-408: The "Eddie Stobart" and "Stobart" trademarks to Eddie Stobart Logistics, in May 2020, for £10m. In April 2021, it was announced that Stobart Air and Carlisle Lake District Airport would be sold to Isle of Man -based company Ettyl, with Esken retaining its aviation activities at London Southend Airport . However, the deal fell through after Stobart Air entered liquidation. London Southend Airport
7700-620: The 1960s and 1970s. The Italian women's football league was established in 1968. In December 1969, the Women's Football Association was formed in England, with the sport eventually becoming the most prominent team sport for women in the United Kingdom. Two unofficial women's World Cups were organised by the FIEFF in 1970 and in 1971 . Also in 1971, UEFA members voted to officially recognise women's football, while The Football Association rescinded
7840-515: The 21st century, under the influence of international television, "football" has been gaining prevalence, despite the dominance of other codes of football, namely rugby union and rugby league . The term soccer comes from Oxford "-er" slang, which was prevalent at the University of Oxford in England from about 1875, and is thought to have been borrowed from the slang of Rugby School . Initially spelt assoccer (a shortening of "association"), it
7980-528: The English-speaking world, the sport is now usually called "football" in Great Britain and most of Ulster in the north of Ireland, whereas people usually call it "soccer" in regions and countries where other codes of football are prevalent, such as Australia, Canada, South Africa, most of Ireland (excluding Ulster), and the United States. A notable exception is New Zealand, where in the first two decades of
8120-570: The FIFA Women's World Cup four times, more than any other women's team. Football is played at a professional level all over the world. Millions of people regularly go to football stadiums to follow their favourite teams, while billions more watch the game on television or on the internet. A very large number of people also play football at an amateur level. According to a survey conducted by FIFA published in 2001, over 240 million people from more than 200 countries regularly play football. Football has
8260-861: The Football Association, the Scottish Football Association , the Football Association of Wales , and the Irish Football Association . FIFA , the international football body, was formed in Paris in 1904 and declared that they would adhere to the Laws of the Game of the Football Association. The growing popularity of the international game led to the admittance of FIFA representatives to the IFAB in 1913. The board consists of four representatives from FIFA and one representative from each of
8400-464: The Game while the ball is in play. The offences that constitute a foul are listed in Law 12. Handling the ball deliberately, tripping an opponent, or pushing an opponent, are examples of "penal fouls", punishable by a direct free kick or penalty kick depending on where the offence occurred. Other fouls are punishable by an indirect free kick . The referee may punish a player's or substitute's misconduct by
8540-674: The Group announced a Placing and Open Offer (similar to a rights issue ) of 77,339,766 new ordinary shares in the Stobart Group at 155p each to raise net proceeds of £114.9 million. The Group also announced it was buying the remaining 50% of Stobart Biomass Products it did not already own for £20 million. In January 2012, the Group announced it was buying back its former commercial property portfolio which it sold to WA Developments in 2007, by acquiring WADI Properties Ltd for £12.35 million. In January 2013, following an under-performing share price, Stobart Group's largest shareholder, Invesco , initiated
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#17328548792898680-481: The Group in the next month. In October 2013, Stobart Group appointed Iain Ferguson CBE as independent Non-Executive Chairman. In March 2014, the group announced its intention to re-position itself as an Infrastructure and Support Services business, with the sale of its main transport and distribution business to Douglas Bay Capital for £280.8 million: £195.6 million in cash and £44.1 million in shares (and therefore
8820-470: The IFAB Laws. Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes ), one of whom must be the goalkeeper . Competition rules may state a minimum number of players required to constitute a team, which is usually seven. Goalkeepers are the only players allowed to play the ball with their hands or arms, provided they do so within the penalty area in front of their own goal. Though there are
8960-551: The Kangaroos, who would become known as "The Invincibles", defeated Cumbria 41-2 in front of just 5,748 fans. In 2007, Brunton Park was transformed into a 20,000-capacity concert venue to host Elton John . In 2010, Brunton Park was used during the production of the BBC television programme United , a docudrama centring on Manchester United at the time of the Munich air disaster . The ground
9100-430: The Laws of the Game in connection with the match to which he has been appointed" (Law 5), and whose decisions are final. The referee is assisted by two assistant referees . In many high-level games there is also a fourth official who assists the referee and may replace another official should the need arise. Goal line technology is used to measure if the whole ball has crossed the goal-line thereby determining whether
9240-475: The Laws of the Game: to represent their team in the coin toss before kick-off or penalty kicks . The primary law is that players other than goalkeepers may not deliberately handle the ball with their hands or arms during play, though they must use both their hands during a throw-in restart. Although players usually use their feet to move the ball around, they may use any part of their body (notably, "heading" with
9380-610: The Managing Director William Stobart became COO of the renamed Stobart Group, which subsequently diversified into other sectors. After boardroom changes in 2013, in 2014 a 51% stake in its original transport business was sold, becoming Eddie Stobart Logistics with William Stobart as its CEO. The Group retained the rights to the brand Eddie Stobart, licensing it out to the new company. With Andrew Tinkler remaining CEO at Stobart Group, it re-positioned itself around its remaining interests. In June 2018, Andrew Tinkler left
9520-608: The Millholme Bank ground to the west of Carlisle. The ground was often too small for their purposes and they sometimes used the Rugby Ground which would later be the adjacent neighbour of Brunton Park. In 1905, United joined the Lancashire Combination league, which required larger facilities, so they moved to Devonshire Park, a football ground which was located where Trinity School now stands. In 1909, they were evicted from
9660-663: The Stobart Group. In return, Westbury sold the bulk of its commercial property portfolio, Westbury Properties Ltd., to another WA Developments subsidiary, WADI Properties Ltd., for £142.0 million in cash, thereby retaining the assets under the control of Andrew Tinkler and William Stobart (the owners of WA Developments), while being outside the new group. The enlarged Stobart Group diversified into other sectors, making acquisitions including WA Developments Ltd from W A Developments Holdings Ltd in 2008, London Southend Airport in 2008, Carlisle Lake District Airport in 2009 and 50% of A. W. Jenkinson Biomass Ltd in 2010. On 21 April 2011,
9800-459: The Virgin Atlantic brand. Flybe and Stobart Air would however retain their own Air Operator Certificates and Stobart Air's other wet lease operations and its aircraft leasing business would continue unchanged. On 15 January 2019, Connect Airways announced an increased offer, which Flybe's board accepted. Flybe's operating assets were transferred to Connect Airways on 21 February 2019, despite
9940-557: The acquisition completed it provided a further £80 million. The consortium's aim was to combine Flybe and Stobart Air with Virgin Atlantic to create an integrated carrier operating under the Virgin Atlantic brand. Flybe and Stobart Air would have however retained their own Air Operator Certificates and Stobart Air's other wet lease operations and its aircraft leasing business would have continued unchanged. Flybe's operating assets were transferred to Connect Airways on 21 February 2019, despite
10080-599: The aircraft leasing firm through which many of the Stobart Air aircraft are sourced. In February 2018, it was reported that Stobart was considering purchasing 100% of Flybe for whom it operated flights from London Southend. On 11 January 2019, the Connect Airways consortium formed by Stobart Aviation and Virgin Atlantic announced a takeover bid for Flybe. The consortium initially lent £20 million to enable Flybe to continue operations, and also took over Stobart Air; after
10220-407: The asymmetrical position of the stand remains to this today. The north section of the East Stand most commonly houses the away fans, separated from the home fans by netting (removing 300 seats from use) and a gate in the concourse. When large groups of away fans are expected, away fans are sometimes additionally allocated the Petteril End. In November 2010, local business and long-time supporters of
10360-456: The ban that prohibited women from playing on association members' pitches in England. Women's football still faces many struggles, but its worldwide growth has seen major competitions being launched at both the national and international levels, mirroring the men's competitions. The FIFA Women's World Cup was inaugurated in 1991: the first tournament was held in China, featuring 12 teams from
10500-581: The beginning of June 2008, W. A. Developments Ltd. was renamed Stobart Rail Ltd and became responsible for all the railway maintenance and infrastructure activities of the group. Stobart Rail operates the Southend Airport railway station which it opened on 18 July 2011. On 14 July 2020, the Stobart Group Ltd confirmed the sale of Stobart Rail & Civils to Bavaria Industries Group AG for an initial cash consideration of £1,000. On 14 March 2019,
10640-410: The beginning of each playing period with a kick-off until the end of the playing period, the ball is in play at all times, except when either the ball leaves the field of play, or play is stopped by the referee. When the ball becomes out of play, play is restarted by one of eight restart methods depending on how it went out of play: A foul occurs when a player commits an offence listed in the Laws of
10780-479: The beginning of the Croatian War of Independence of the 1990s, when a match between Dinamo Zagreb and Red Star Belgrade degenerated into rioting in May 1990. Women's association football has historically seen opposition, with national associations severely curbing its development and several outlawing it completely. Women may have been playing football for as long as the game has existed. Evidence shows that
10920-404: The buildup, direct red card decisions, and penalty decisions. The ball is spherical with a circumference of between 68 and 70 cm (27 and 28 in), a weight in the range of 410 to 450 g (14 to 16 oz), and a pressure between 0.6 and 1.1 standard atmospheres (8.5 and 15.6 pounds per square inch ) at sea level. In the past the ball was made up of leather panels sewn together, with
11060-732: The champions of these two club competitions would contest the Intercontinental Cup to prove which team was the best in the world. In the 21st century, South America has continued to produce some of the best footballers in the world, but its clubs have fallen behind the still dominant European clubs, which often sign the best players from Latin America and elsewhere. Meanwhile, football has improved in Africa , Asia and North America , and nowadays, these regions are at least on equal grounds with South America in club football, although countries in
11200-550: The club the Stobart Group celebrated their 40th anniversary and bought 4,000 tickets on the East Stand for the League One fixture: Carlisle versus Rochdale . The company then gave away the tickets to the local public. On that occasion, the away fans were moved solely to the Petteril End. The Petteril is the only other uncovered stand in the ground alongside the lower tier paddock. The stand holds 1,750 mostly terraced but including
11340-540: The company and in May 2020, Stobart Group announced the sale of the Eddie Stobart and Stobart brand names to Eddie Stobart Logistics, requiring it to change its corporate name by February 2021. In January 2021, Stobart Group announced that following shareholder approval, it would change its name to "Esken Limited" in February 2021. The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange . However, unlike most UK public companies,
11480-565: The company retained its " Ltd " status as it is incorporated in Guernsey and not England & Wales , Scotland or Northern Ireland , which would require it to change its suffix to " plc " status. The company went into administration on 21 March 2024. The company started out as the Westbury Property Fund Limited, a closed ended real estate investment fund based in Guernsey established in January 2002 by Investment Manager Richard Burrell. In August 2006, realising that property prices were reaching
11620-481: The company. Also on 13 January 2020, Toscafund announced that it owned 11.70% of the Stobart Group, this was subsequently increased to 18.8%. On 21 May 2020, the firm announced that it had sold the intellectual property rights to the "Eddie Stobart" and "Stobart" brand names for £10 million to Eddie Stobart Logistics to end confusion with its investors. This means that the Stobart Group would change its corporate name by 28 February 2021. It did not reveal whether it
11760-425: The course of the game. The maximum number of substitutions permitted in most competitive international and domestic league games is five in 90 minutes, with each team being allowed one more if the game should go into extra-time; the permitted number may vary in other competitions or in friendly matches . Common reasons for a substitution include injury, tiredness, ineffectiveness, a tactical switch, or timewasting at
11900-434: The disposal of Star Handling to a subsidiary of Prime Flight Aviation Services for £3.46 million, with a further £1.34 million payable based upon the business meeting its revenue forecasts over the following year. On 24 March 2010, the Stobart Group announced the purchase of 50% of A. W. Jenkinson Biomass Ltd, from A. W. Jenkinson Forest Products, for £30 million, as an equal mix of cash and shares. A. W. Jenkinson Biomass Ltd
12040-453: The eighth century. The modern rules of association football are based on the mid-19th century efforts to standardise the widely varying forms of football played in the public schools of England. The Cambridge rules , first drawn up at the University of Cambridge in 1848, were particularly influential in the development of subsequent codes, including association football. The Cambridge rules were written at Trinity College, Cambridge , at
12180-478: The end of May, it emerged that Ettyl's intended financing had not materialised, postponing completion of the deal. Stobart Air was closed and began liquidation in June 2021. The Moneypenny Property Portfolio comprises the company's portfolio of properties, including retail sites, light industrial buildings and distribution centres, office space and holdings which are owned or used in the Group's day-to-day business. It also includes WADI Properties Ltd. In return for
12320-420: The end of a finely poised game. In standard adult matches, a player who has been substituted may not take further part in a match. IFAB recommends "that a match should not continue if there are fewer than seven players in either team". Any decision regarding points awarded for abandoned games is left to the individual football associations. A game is officiated by a referee , who has "full authority to enforce
12460-525: The evening of Friday, 7 January 2005, the rivers Eden, Caldew and Petteril burst their banks in Carlisle due to as much as 180mm of rainfall upstream that day. The worst affected area was Warwick Road, where Brunton Park is situated. For the following six weeks Carlisle United were forced to play their home games at Christie Park in Morecambe while repair work took place. United were still able, however, to reach
12600-418: The flooding of January 2005, heavy deposits of silt were left on the playing field and a decision was made by the owners to build a new pitch and install a new primary drainage system. The stadium has on-site parking to the east and north of the ground as well as a smaller parking area to the west. To the north of the ground is a separate pitch which is used for training purposes and reserve games. A club shop
12740-420: The forehead) other than their hands or arms. Within normal play, all players are free to play the ball in any direction and move throughout the pitch, though players may not pass to teammates who are in an offside position. During gameplay, players attempt to create goal-scoring opportunities through individual control of the ball, such as by dribbling , passing the ball to a teammate, and by taking shots at
12880-514: The formation of a Sheffield FA in 1867. In 1862, John Charles Thring of Uppingham School also devised an influential set of rules. These ongoing efforts contributed to the formation of The Football Association (The FA) in 1863, which first met on the morning of 26 October 1863 at the Freemasons' Tavern in Great Queen Street , London. The only school to be represented on this occasion
13020-517: The four British associations. For most of the 20th century, Europe and South America were the dominant regions in association football. The FIFA World Cup , inaugurated in 1930 , became the main stage for players of both continents to show their worth and the strength of their national teams. In the second half of the century, the European Cup and the Copa Libertadores were created, and
13160-695: The game in a specific position, there are few restrictions on player movement, and players can switch positions at any time. The layout of a team's players is known as a formation . Defining the team's formation and tactics is usually the prerogative of the team's manager . There are 17 laws in the official Laws of the Game, each containing a collection of stipulations and guidelines. The same laws are designed to apply to all levels of football for both sexes, although certain modifications for groups such as juniors, seniors and people with physical disabilities are permitted. The laws are often framed in broad terms, which allow flexibility in their application depending on
13300-422: The game is to score more goals than the opposing team by moving the ball beyond the goal line into a rectangular-framed goal defended by the opposing team. Traditionally, the game has been played over two 45-minute halves, for a total match time of 90 minutes. With an estimated 250 million players active in over 200 countries and territories, it is the world's most popular sport. The game of association football
13440-425: The goal, which is guarded by the opposing goalkeeper. Opposing players may try to regain control of the ball by intercepting a pass or through tackling the opponent in possession of the ball; however, physical contact between opponents is restricted. Football is generally a free-flowing game, with play stopping only when the ball has left the field of play or when play is stopped by the referee for an infringement of
13580-404: The highest global television audience in sport. In many parts of the world, football evokes great passions and plays an important role in the life of individual fans , local communities, and even nations. Ryszard Kapuściński says that Europeans who are polite, modest, or humble fall easily into rage when playing or watching football games. The Ivory Coast national football team helped secure
13720-654: The instigation of Alcock. England is also home to the world's first football league , which was founded in Birmingham in 1888 by Aston Villa director William McGregor . The original format contained 12 clubs from the Midlands and Northern England . Laws of the Game are determined by the International Football Association Board (IFAB). The board was formed in 1886 after a meeting in Manchester of
13860-745: The lack of a crossbar, rules which made it remarkably similar to Victorian rules football being developed at that time in Australia. The Sheffield FA played by its own rules until the 1870s, with the FA absorbing some of its rules until there was little difference between the games. The world's oldest football competition is the FA Cup , which was founded by the footballer and cricketer Charles W. Alcock , and has been contested by English teams since 1872. The first official international football match also took place in 1872, between Scotland and England in Glasgow , again at
14000-528: The logistics sector, buying Weston Point Docks in Runcorn , AHC Warehousing and the rail operations of Victa Westlink Rail in March 2007. It then agreed an asset swap deal in August 2007 with the privately owned investment company WA Developments , whereby Westbury would sell 90% of its non-logistics related property portfolio to WA Developments in return for its Eddie Stobart Ltd subsidiary. Eddie Stobart Chairman Andrew Tinkler became CEO, whilst his brother-in-law,
14140-410: The move to a new stadium had been shelved, and that an agreement with a developer to facilitate the project had expired. Association football Association football , more commonly known as football or soccer , is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch . The objective of
14280-525: The nature of the game. The Laws of the Game are published by FIFA, but are maintained by the IFAB. In addition to the seventeen laws, numerous IFAB decisions and other directives contribute to the regulation of association football. Within the United States, Major League Soccer used a distinct ruleset during the 1990s and the National Federation of State High School Associations and NCAA still use rulesets that are comparable to, but different from,
14420-614: The new group. Westbury Properties Ltd, owned Moneypenny Ltd, (known as the Moneypenny Property Portfolio) at the time comprised 18 freehold and long leasehold properties, a mixture of commercial, industrial and residential properties primarily in the South-East. Because of a fall in property values during 2007–2011, the Stobart Group also announced an option to buy back Westbury Properties Ltd. from WADI Properties Ltd. expiring on 15 August 2011, as some of its properties, owned by
14560-429: The next stoppage of play. The referee's decision in all on-pitch matters is considered final. The score of a match cannot be altered after the game, even if later evidence shows that decisions (including awards/non-awards of goals) were incorrect. Stobart Group Esken Limited ( LSE : ESKN ), formerly Stobart Group Limited , is a British infrastructure , aviation and energy company, with operations in
14700-426: The offences that constitute misconduct are listed, the definitions are broad. In particular, the offence of "unsporting behaviour" may be used to deal with most events that violate the spirit of the game, even if they are not listed as specific offences. A referee can show a yellow or red card to a player, substitute, substituted player, and to non-players such as managers and support staff. Rather than stopping play,
14840-461: The original thirteen laws of the game. The sticking point was hacking, which a twelfth club at the meeting, Blackheath FC , had wanted to keep, resulting in them withdrawing from the FA. Other English rugby clubs followed this lead and did not join the FA, and instead in 1871, along with Blackheath, formed the Rugby Football Union . The FA rules included handling of the ball by "marks" and
14980-439: The peak of the market, the Westbury Property Fund decided to re-position its portfolio towards the logistics sector, by buying Weston Point Docks in Runcorn , AHC Warehousing and the rail operations of Victa Westlink Rail in March 2007. The company was created on 15 August 2007 when the Westbury Property Fund entered into a reverse acquisition by the Eddie Stobart Logistics business, which enabled Eddie Stobart Logistics to gain
15120-432: The pitch does not become square. In 2008, the IFAB initially approved a fixed size of 105 m (115 yd) long and 68 m (74 yd) wide as a standard pitch dimension for international matches; however, this decision was later put on hold and was never actually implemented. The longer boundary lines are touchlines , while the shorter boundaries (on which the goals are placed) are goal lines . A rectangular goal
15260-437: The pitch, making it more socially acceptable for women to play. The first match recorded by the Scottish Football Association took place in 1892 in Glasgow . In England, the first recorded game of football between women took place in 1895. Women's football has traditionally been associated with charity games and physical exercise, particularly in the United Kingdom. Association football continued to be played by women since
15400-437: The player spends the most time. For example, there are central defenders and left and right midfielders. The ten outfield players may be arranged in any combination. The number of players in each position determines the style of the team's play; more forwards and fewer defenders creates a more aggressive and offensive-minded game, while the reverse creates a slower, more defensive style of play. While players typically spend most of
15540-400: The players and spectators by holding up a board showing this number. The signalled stoppage time may be further extended by the referee. Added time was introduced because of an incident which happened in 1891 during a match between Stoke and Aston Villa . Trailing 1–0 with two minutes remaining, Stoke were awarded a penalty kick. Villa's goalkeeper deliberately kicked the ball out of play; by
15680-544: The playoffs in the Conference that season and win promotion back into the Football League . The stadium was severely flooded following Storm Desmond . It caused the team to play fixtures at Preston's Deepdale Ground, Blackburn's Ewood Park and Blackpool's Bloomfield Road . In November 2009 and November 2015, half the pitch and the match-day car park were flooded but the stadium was not damaged. The match-day car park
15820-557: The premises by the Duke of Devonshire and moved eastwards to establish Brunton Park, the club's home ever since. In 1953, the original wooden grandstand, which was where the Main Stand is now situated, was burned to the ground in a fire caused by an electrical fault. The sale of local player Geoff Twentyman to Liverpool for £12,500 enabled the club to rebuild what is the West Stand today. On
15960-433: The purchase price was reduced to £9.9 million due to a fall in the value of Stobart Group shares. In April 2021, Isle of Man based Ettyl Ltd announced it had agreed to purchase Carlisle Airport, together with airline Stobart Air, from Esken. However, the transaction fell through two months later due to funding issues. Stobart Investments included the group's remaining 11.8% stake in the Eddie Stobart Logistics business,
16100-416: The referee may allow play to continue if doing so will benefit the team against which an offence has been committed. This is known as "playing an advantage". The referee may "call back" play and penalise the original offence if the anticipated advantage does not ensue within "a few seconds". Even if an offence is not penalised due to advantage being played, the offender may still be sanctioned for misconduct at
16240-419: The referee. Stoppage time does not fully compensate for the time in which the ball is out of play , and a 90-minute game typically involves about an hour of "effective playing time". The referee alone signals the end of the match. In matches where a fourth official is appointed, towards the end of the half, the referee signals how many minutes of stoppage time they intend to add. The fourth official then informs
16380-440: The respective six confederations. The World Cup has been held every four years since; by 2019 , it had expanded to 24 national teams, and 1.12 billion viewers watched the competition. Four years later , FIFA targeted the 32-team 2023 Women's World Cup at an audience of 2 billion, while about 1.4 million tickets were sold, setting a Women's World Cup record. Women's football has been an Olympic event since 1996 . North America
16520-401: The reverse takeover deal in 2007 which saw Westbury become the new Stobart Group, Westbury sold the bulk of its commercial property portfolio, Westbury Properties Ltd., to another WA Developments subsidiary, WADI Properties Ltd., for £142.0 million in cash, thereby enabling these assets to also be controlled by Andrew Tinkler and William Stobart (the owners of WA Developments), while being outside
16660-534: The rules. After a stoppage, play recommences with a specified restart. At a professional level, most matches produce only a few goals. For example, the 2022–23 season of the English Premier League produced an average of 2.85 goals per match. The Laws of the Game do not specify any player positions other than goalkeeper, but a number of specialised roles have evolved. Broadly, these include three main categories: strikers , or forwards, whose main task
16800-464: The sale of Stobart Rail & Civils to Bavaria Industries Group AG on 14 July 2020, for an initial cash consideration of £1,000. Stobart Group confirmed on 11 January 2021 that, subject to shareholder approval, it would change its name to "Esken Limited" (meaning 'to ascend, to climb and to rise'; related to the Latin ascendo and the modern Welsh esgyn on 3 February 2021. The group had sold
16940-543: The sexes are so widely divided are all on the side of emancipation , and I look forward to the time when ladies may sit in Parliament and have a voice in the direction of affairs, especially those which concern them most." Honeyball and those like her paved the way for women's football. However, the women's game was frowned upon by the British football associations and continued without their support. It has been suggested that this
17080-405: The sixth season, the club announced plans to leave Brunton Park for a new 12,000-seat stadium at Kingmoor, in the north of the city. Brunton Park met the criteria set by the Football League for matches in the bottom two tiers of the competition, but was not suitable for games in the higher levels. The plans were promoted under the slogan "Project Blue Yonder". However, in 2016, the club announced that
17220-477: The stadium were unsafe, resulting in the capacity of the ground being reduced further to 17,001 for the forthcoming season (increased slightly since). The largest attendance at the ground in recent years saw 16,668 attend the 2007 League fixture with Leeds United. This was the largest attendance at the ground since 18,556 watched an FA Cup tie against Liverpool in 1989. In 1904, Shaddongate United became Carlisle United F.C., an association football club who played at
17360-509: The stand. Currently named the "Andrew Jenkins Stand sponsored by Pioneer Foods", it is a 5,640-seater (plus 80 hospitality) single-tiered cantilever stand. Although it was constructed in 1996 (replacing a covered terrace known as the Scatching Shed), it was't until 2024 that the spaces at the top of the stand for executive boxes were finally fitted out and opened for use (marginally reducing the overall ground capacity to approximately 17,900 as
17500-522: The surprise £21 million purchase of London Southend Airport , through its subsidiary Stobart Airports Ltd from Regional Airports Ltd (who also own London Biggin Hill Airport ). The deal completed on 5 December 2008. At the time, the book value of London Southend Airport's assets were £25.5 million, and the acquisition was later described as a "bargain purchase" by the Stobart Group. The deal was paid as to £10 million in new Stobart Group shares, £6 million by
17640-447: The time it was recovered, the clock had run out and the game was over, leaving Stoke unable to attempt the penalty. The same law also states that the duration of either half is extended until a penalty kick to be taken or retaken is completed; thus, no game can end with an uncompleted penalty. In league competitions, games may end in a draw. In knockout competitions where a winner is required, various methods may be employed to break such
17780-531: The time of the first recorded women's games in the late 19th century. The best-documented early European team was founded by activist Nettie Honeyball in England in 1894. It was named the British Ladies' Football Club . Honeyball is quoted as, "I founded the association late last year [1894], with the fixed resolve of proving to the world that women are not the 'ornamental and useless' creatures men have pictured. I must confess, my convictions on all matters where
17920-422: The tournament or be the champion. Goals scored during extra time periods count towards the final score of the game, but kicks from the penalty mark are only used to decide the team that progresses to the next part of the tournament, with goals scored in a penalty shoot-out not making up part of the final score. In competitions using two-legged matches , each team competes at home once, with an aggregate score from
18060-439: The two matches deciding which team progresses. Where aggregates are equal, the away goals rule may be used to determine the winners, in which case the winner is the team that scored the most goals in the leg they played away from home. If the result is still equal, extra time and potentially a penalty shoot-out are required. Under the Laws, the two basic states of play during a game are ball in play and ball out of play . From
18200-683: The year 600 during the Asuka period . It was a ceremonial rather than a competitive game, and involved the kicking of a mari , a ball made of animal skin. In North America, pasuckuakohowog was a ball game played by the Algonquians ; it was described as "almost identical to the kind of folk football being played in Europe at the same time, in which the ball was kicked through goals". Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on
18340-510: Was Charterhouse . The Freemasons' Tavern was the setting for five more meetings of The FA between October and December 1863; the English FA eventually issued the first comprehensive set of rules named Laws of the Game , forming modern football. The laws included bans on running with the ball in hand and hacking (kicking an opponent in the shins), tripping and holding. Eleven clubs, under the charge of FA secretary Ebenezer Cobb Morley , ratified
18480-400: Was acquired by Eddie Stobart's parent company WA Developments , through a subsidiary company Stobart Air Holdings Ltd. Haughey Airports Ltd was then renamed Stobart Air Ltd. After the reverse takeover in 2007, the Stobart Air operation remained outside the enlarged Stobart Group, i.e. it was still owned by WA Developments. The March 2008 purchase by the group of W. A. Developments Ltd included
18620-578: Was announced that Warwick Brady would become the Group CEO from the June AGM , with Andrew Tinkler remaining as an Executive Board Member and also heading up Stobart Capital, a new venture independent of the Stobart Group. On Thursday 14 June 2018, it was announced that Stobart Group had removed its executive director and former Chief Executive Andrew Tinkler from its board of directors. On 13 January 2020, Andrew Tinkler sold his remaining 4.975% shareholding in
18760-439: Was chosen due to the likeness of parts of the stadium to Old Trafford of the 1950s. Record attendance: 27,603 (Carlisle United– Middlesbrough , 7 February 1970, FA Cup 5th Round. Record gate receipts: £146,000 (Carlisle United– Tottenham Hotspur , 30 September 1997, Coca-Cola Cup 2nd Round. Brunton Park was the first ground to host an FA Cup match between league clubs played under lights. Carlisle United played Darlington in
18900-499: Was completed on 28 February 2012. On 11 January 2019, the Connect Airways consortium formed by Stobart Aviation and Virgin Atlantic announced a takeover bid for Flybe. The consortium will initially lend £20 million to enable Flybe to continue operations, and will also take over Stobart Air; after the acquisition is complete it will provide a further £80 million. The consortium's aim is to combine Flybe and Stobart Air with Virgin Atlantic to create an integrated carrier operating under
19040-405: Was going to revert to its original name Westbury or would adopt an entirely new name. On 4 June 2020, the firm announced another Placing and Open Offer consisting of 200,046,312 Firm Placed Shares and 49,953,688 Open Offer Shares at 40p each to raise gross proceeds of £100 million to provide additional liquidity and to enable its Aviation division to deliver on its long-term strategic ambitions. As
19180-595: Was later reduced to the modern spelling. This form of slang also gave rise to rugger for rugby football, fiver and tenner for five pound and ten pound notes , and the now-archaic footer that was also a name for association football. The word soccer arrived at its current form in 1895 and was first recorded in 1889 in the earlier form of socca . Kicking ball games arose independently multiple times across multiple cultures. The Chinese competitive game cuju ( 蹴鞠 , literally "kickball"; also known as tsu chu ) resembles modern association football as well as
19320-497: Was motivated by a perceived threat to the "masculinity" of the game. Women's football became popular on a large scale at the time of the First World War , when female employment in heavy industry spurred the growth of the game, much as it had done for men 50 years earlier. The most successful team of the era was Dick, Kerr Ladies F.C. of Preston, England . The team played in one of the first women's international matches against
19460-575: Was sold to the US Private Equity corporation Carlyle in March 2024 in a deal which led to Esken delisting from the London Stock Exchange. After the company's restructuring plan was found to be "no longer commercially viable", the business went into administration on 21 March 2024. Figures below show the recent results for the Group; the financial year runs to the last day of February each year: On 2 December 2008, Stobart Group announced
19600-411: Was then renamed Stobart Biomass Products Ltd. Stobart Biomass transports sustainable wood products for use in low-carbon emission power plants, producing electricity at both large- and small-scale power plants, including for export. The Stobart Group also announced it was buying the remaining 50% of Stobart Biomass Products it did not already own for £20 million. On 25 April 2022, the name of the business
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