38-556: Broxtowe is a council estate in the City of Nottingham which is part of the Aspley ward . The estate is located 3 miles (5 km) from the City Centre and lies west of Aspley and Cinderhill, south of Bulwell , east of Strelley and north of Bilborough . At the 2001 census , the estate had a population of 4,847. The name Broxtowe comes from the old Anglo Saxon name Broculstowe , which
76-511: A parlour . Some had two, four, or even five bedrooms, as well as generously sized back gardens intended for vegetable growing. At most, they were built at 3,000/km . They were generally built to the recommendations of the Tudor Walters Report . Examples are found in Downham , Watling Estate , and Becontree . The Addison Act 1919, and the severe housing shortage in the early 1920s created
114-536: A post office , convenience store , a Greggs , a Spar store , a barber shop , a pharmacy , a Lloyds Bank , and other facilities located on the corner of Broxtowe Lane and Strelley Road. Broxtowe has frequent bus services run by Nottingham City Transport that travel through the area; the main services include Orange 35 service travels through Bradfield Road and Coleby Road in the direction of Nottingham and Bulwell via Derby Road, Wollaton and Bilborough. The Turquoise 78 travels through Coleby Road and Westleigh Road in
152-410: A restrictive covenant to allow for conversion of a single dwelling into two or more dwellings, where either the lease or the restrictive covenant would prohibit such a conversion. The power can be exercised where local housing need and demand has changed since the dwelling was built, or where planning permission for the conversion has been granted, and after consultation with "any person interested" in
190-604: A budget of £150m. Of 1.2 million new houses built from 1945 to 1951 when the programme officially ended, 156,623 prefab houses were constructed. Mainly during the immediate post-war years, and well into the 1950s, council house provision was shaped by the New Towns Act 1946 ( 9 & 10 Geo. 6 . c. 68) and the Town and Country Planning Act 1947 of the 1945–51 Labour government. At the same time this government introduced housing legislation that removed explicit references to housing for
228-545: A coal-fire, with a back boiler to create both central heating and a constant supply of hot water. Thus it had a bathroom included a flushing toilet and man-sized bath with hot running water. In the kitchen were a built-in oven, refrigerator and baxi water heater. All prefabs under the housing act came pre-decorated in magnolia , with gloss-green on all additional wood, including the door trimmings and skirting boards. The Parker Morris Committee drew up an influential 1961 report on housing space standards in public housing in
266-468: A result of the Housing Act 1919 . Though more council houses have been built since then, fewer have been built in recent years. Local design variations exist, however all followed local authority building standards. The Housing Acts of 1985 and 1988 facilitated the transfer of council housing to not-for-profit housing associations with access to private finance, and these new housing associations became
304-615: A stigmatised social housing model is a direct result of government policies and their portrayal of council houses. Dwellings completed by local authorities, New Towns, and the Scottish Housing Association , 1945–80 (thousands) Housing Act 1985 The Housing Act 1985 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . The act introduced laws relating to the succession of Council Houses . It also facilitated
342-688: A three-year period although less than half of this target was met. The housing built comprised three-bedroom dwellings with parlour and scullery: larger properties also include a living room. The standards are based on the Tudor Walters Report of 1919 , and the Design Manual written according to the 1913 building standards. In 1923 the Chamberlain Act withdrew subsidies for council houses except for private builders and houses for sale. Councils could undertake to build houses and offer these for sale but also to sell off some of their existing properties. This
380-407: Is thought to refer to a dwelling-place , but the name could refer to the stoe of someone named Brocul. It is also thought that the estate was named after Broxtowe Hall which was located off Broxtowe Lane, but was demolished in 1937. Construction of the estate commenced in the 1930s, and in 1937, Roman coins and pottery were discovered by the workmen who were engaged in constructing the sewers and
418-772: The Parker Morris standards were the requirements saying that: Particularly in larger cities, councils built high-rise blocks from the 1960s to the 1980s to accommodate a high density of dwellings at relatively low cost. Notable schemes include Park Hill in Sheffield, Hulme Crescents in Manchester, Cottingley in Leeds, Churchill Gardens in London, and many examples in Glasgow . The Radburn housing layout that aimed to separate cars from housing
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#1732845331849456-608: The working class and introduced the concept of "general needs" construction (i.e., that council housing should aim to fill the needs for a wide range of society). In particular, Aneurin Bevan , the Minister for Health and Housing , promoted a vision of new estates where "the working man, the doctor and the clergyman will live in close proximity to each other". From the late 1970s, the wider takeover of free market economics propagated by Margaret Thatcher's conservative government sought to reduce
494-531: The Addison Act, a house would be 1,000 square feet (93 m ) but after 1924 it would be 620 square feet (58 m ). This was a major period of council house construction. With the Housing Act of 1930 , otherwise known as the Greenwood Act, the government signalled a change of priority, slum clearance. Pre-regulation terraced housing was to be cleared and the residents rehoused in new council houses. There
532-463: The Landlord and Tenant Act 1985, which applies to tenancies entered into after 1961. In summary, section 11 provides that a landlord shall: If a landlord refuses to repair a rented property, the tenant can take action to require them to carry out necessary works and claim compensation. The Addison Act 1919 houses were usually three-bedroom houses with a living room and scullery , sometimes also with
570-455: The Ministry of Works had to have a minimum floor space size of 635 square feet (59.0 m ), and the sections should be less than 7' 6" (2.3 m) wide. These "service units" had to include a combined back-to-back prefabricated kitchen that backed onto a prebuilt bathroom, so water pipes, waste pipes and electrical distribution were all in the same place, and hence easy to install. The house retained
608-566: The United Kingdom titled Homes for Today and Tomorrow . The report concluded that the quality of social housing needed to be improved to match the rise in living standards. Out of the report came the Parker Morris Standards . In 1963 these were set out in the Ministry of Housing's "Design Bulletin 6 – Space in the Home". They became mandatory for all council houses from 1967 until 1980. Among
646-416: The destruction of inadequate houses in the inner cities that had been built before the 1875 Act. This released land for housing and the need for smaller two bedroomed houses to replace the two-up two-down houses that had been demolished. Smaller three bedroom properties were also built. The Housing Act 1935 led to a continuation of this policy, but the war stopped all construction, and enemy action reduced
684-571: The direction of Nottingham and Strelley via Nuthall Road. There are also other services on the Turquoise Line which run during peak times or night services that travel through the estate. Council house A council house , corporation house or council flat is a form of British public housing built by local authorities . A council estate is a building complex containing a number of council houses and other amenities like schools and shops. Construction took place mainly from 1919 to 1980s, as
722-435: The estate's population. The census also shows that 90.3% of the estate's population is White British , as well as 1.1% being White Irish , and 0.8% classed as Other White . 3.8% of the population is Mixed Race , 0.9% is Asian or Asian British , 2.6% is Black or Black British , and other ethnic groups making 0.5% of the estate's population. Broxtowe has a row of shops and facilities located on Broxtowe Lane, including
760-514: The first generation of houses to feature electricity, running water, bathrooms, indoor toilets and front/rear gardens. However, until well into the 1930s, some were built with outdoor toilets. Some did not feature an actual bathroom; the bath could often be found in the kitchen with a design which allowed it to double as a work surface. The Chamberlain Act 1923 reduced the expected standards. The Wheatley Act 1924 attempted to restore some of them. Under
798-651: The first interventions in the Public Health Act 1875 ( 38 & 39 Vict. c. 55) to the Housing of the Working Classes Act 1900 , council houses could be general housing for the working class , general housing, part of slum clearance programmes or just homes provided for the most needy. They could be funded directly by local councils, through central government incentive or by revenue obtained when other houses were sold. Increasingly, they have been transferred through
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#1732845331849836-600: The house were built to the garden suburb philosophy: houses were all different. The estate received the royal seal of approval when, on Friday 24 March 1916, Queen Mary made an unannounced visit. A programme of council house building started after the First World War following on from the David Lloyd George 's government's Housing Act of 1919 . The 'Addison Act' brought in subsidies for council house building and aimed to provide 500,000 "homes fit for heroes" within
874-511: The instrument of housing associations into the private sector. An early use of the new powers was in Bath , where 36 new houses named Lampard's Buildings were built in 1900 on the compulsory purchased site of a row of rat infested cottages. Woolwich Borough Council was responsible for the Well Hall Estate designed for workers at the munition factories at Woolwich Arsenal . The estate and
912-672: The matter. The use of this mechanism to facilitate change in residential property usage offers an alternative to the use of section 84 of the Law of Property Act 1925 , which (in its amended form) provides for circumstances in which the Lands Tribunal can discharge or revise a restrictive covenant. The use of section 610 was reviewed in the Appeal Court case of Lawntown v Camenzuli in 2007, where Lord Justice Richards noted that there had been relatively few reported legal cases where interpretation of
950-534: The population and 9.5% did not state their religion . Broxtowe has the St Martha the Housewife Parish Church located inside the estate on the corner of Westleigh Road and Frinton Road. In the church's Hope Centre is a statue of Hope by Peter Eugene Ball . According to the data of the 2001 Census , the estate has a population of 4,847, and a majority of the population are aged 25–44, who make up 29.2% of
988-506: The providers of most new public-sector housing. The characterisation of council houses as 'problem places' was key for leading this movement of transferring public housing stock to the private arena. By 2003, 36.5% of the social rented housing stock was held by housing associations. House design in the United Kingdom is defined by a series of Housing Acts, and public housing house design is defined by government-directed guidelines and central governments' relationship with local authorities. From
1026-440: The roads for the council estate. It was assumed that the estate was once the site of a Castra , but research proved it was a British hut settlement. The 2001 Census shows that 53.8% of the estate's population are Christian and Atheists making 35.35 of the population. 0.7% of the population are Muslim and Buddhism , Hinduism and Judaism each score 0.1%. 0.2% of the population are Sikh , other religions make up 0.3% of
1064-404: The role of the state and the housing sector was further opened for private investors and actors. Deregulation of the mortgage finance sector in the 1980s was particularly significant, with the 1988 Housing Act introducing private competition into the sector. The Housing Act 1988 marked the onset of various policies resulting in the residualisation of the public housing. Residualisation refers to
1102-526: The shrinking of the social housing stock, consisting mostly of deteriorated quality dwellings, and the growing concentration of disadvantaged minorities in such housing. As the residual housing sector is mostly concentrated in lower-income neighbourhoods, a ' neighbourhood effect ' manifests, reinforcing the idea of poverty as a problem of the place which has allowed market ideologies to advocate against decommodified housing provision. A landlord's obligations are set out in several pieces of legislation, including
1140-429: The state in the sector existed as providers of public housing aimed at a broad range of households. This changed starting from the 1970s, with social housing entering the mainstream. Social housing emphasizes the 'safety net' characteristic in that it is only for those whose needs are not met in the market. The transformation of the sector from a public housing as serving a wide range of households with different incomes to
1178-406: The transfer of council housing to not-for-profit housing associations . Paragraph 236 replicates part 10 of the Housing Act 1935 , including using space standards as a means by which to control overcrowding. A breach of these standards is a criminal offence. A child under 10 is counted as one half of a person. Section 610 provides a power for a County Court to vary the terms of a lease or
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1216-450: The usable housing stock. The Housing (Temporary Accommodation) Act 1944 led to the building of prefab bungalows with a design life of ten years. Innovative steel-framed properties were also tried in an attempt to speed up construction. A number survive well into the 21st century, a testament to the durability of a series of housing designs and construction methods only envisaged to last 10 years. The Burt Committee , formed in 1942 by
1254-483: The wartime government of Winston Churchill, proposed to address the need for an anticipated 200,000 shortfall in post-war housing stock, by building 500,000 prefabricated houses , with a planned life of up to 10 years within five years of the end of the Second World War . The eventual bill, under the post-war Labour government of Prime Minister Clement Attlee , agreed to deliver 300,000 units within 10 years, within
1292-406: Was a cut in funding and the housing density on the peripheral estates was increased leading to a poorer build quality. The former tenants of the inner city properties were displaced far from their workplaces unable to afford the higher rents (though reduced from the 1919 levels) or the cost of transport. Stable communities were broken up, and with it support networks. All prefab units approved by
1330-746: Was a revival in council housebuilding in the 2010s, with a focus on energy efficiency. Schemes such as Accordia in Cambridge and Goldsmith Street in Norwich have won awards. In London, space standards have been reintroduced via the London Plan , and councils including Southwark and Hounslow are building thousands of new council houses. Beginning in the 1970s with Thatcherism , the housing sector witnessed public expenditure cutbacks, along with cutbacks in other public sectors like health and education, yet more extreme than those. This retrenchment from public housing
1368-431: Was essentially reversed by the incoming Labour government of 1924. The Wheatley Act (1924) passed by the new Labour Government introduced higher subsidies for council housing and also allowed for a contribution to be made from the rates. The housing revenue account was always separated from the general account. This was a major period of council house construction. The Housing Act 1930 stimulated slum clearance, i.e.,
1406-402: Was justified by a preference for a private housing market, or for commodification over public goods, and by the popularity of the critical description of council houses as a 'sink estate'. "Sink estates" were criticized as "cut off from society's mainstream" with "self-inflicted poverty stemming from...the dead weight of low expectations." In the immediate years of the post-war era, the role of
1444-478: Was used extensively in new towns. As a result, the houses are accessible to the front only by footpaths. This has created areas with poor surveillance, particularly over car parking at the rear, which have become the focus of crime. In Skelmersdale, tenants are calling for their Radburn style housing to be remodelled so that defensible space is created with parking close to their homes and a reduction in general use areas which give rise to anti-social behaviour. There
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