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46-744: State Route 143 ( SR-143 ) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Utah . The entire highway has been designated the Brian Head-Panguitch Lake Scenic Byway as part of the Utah Scenic Byways program. This road has also been designated as Utah's Patchwork Parkway as part of the National Forest Scenic Byway and National Scenic Byway programs. At just over 51 miles (82 km) long, it connects Parowan to Panguitch while providing access to Brian Head , Cedar Breaks National Monument , and Panguitch Lake . It

92-506: A designated National Highway System , but the system is completely unsigned, aside from the Trans-Canada routes. This makes Canada unique in that national highway designations are generally secondary to subnational routes. In Germany , state roads ( Landesstraßen or Staatsstraßen ) are a road class which is ranking below the federal road network ( Bundesstraßen ). The responsibility for road planning, construction and maintenance

138-526: A population of at least 10,000 inhabitants are urban roads (type D and E) under the jurisdiction of the relevant municipalities. The state highway that cross towns or villages with a population of less than 10,000 inhabitants are urban roads (type D and E) under the jurisdiction of the municipality, subject to authorization from ANAS . State highways in India are numbered highways that are laid and maintained by state governments . Mexico 's State Highway System

184-608: A three-digit number designation, preceded by D . Provincial roads ( Turkish : İl yolu ) are secondary roads, maintained by respective local governments with the support of the KGM. The roads have a four-digit numbering grouped as two pairs, pairs are separated by a dash. First pair represents the license number of that province . State highways are generally a mixture of primary and secondary roads, although some are freeways (for example, State Route 99 in California, which links many of

230-732: Is 100 km/h, with reductions when one passes through a densely populated area. The highways in New Zealand are all state highways, and the network consists of SH 1 running the length of both main islands, SH 2–5 and 10–58 in the North Island, and SH 6–8 and 60–99 in the South Island. National and provincial highways are numbered approximately north to south. State Highway 1 runs the length of both islands. Local highways ( Korean :  지방도 ; Hanja :  地方道 ; RR :  Jibangdo ; MR :  Chipangdo ) are

276-646: Is a cultural classification of indigenous peoples of the Americas and a cultural region located between the Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada , in what is now Nevada , and parts of Oregon , California , Idaho , Wyoming , and Utah . The Great Basin region at the time of European contact was ~400,000 sq mi (1,000,000 km ). There is very little precipitation in the Great Basin area which affects

322-482: Is a system of urban and state routes constructed and maintained by each Mexican state. The main purpose of the state networks is to serve as a feeder system to the federal highway system. All states except the Federal District operate a road network. Each state marks these routes with a white shield containing the abbreviated name of the state plus the route number. New Zealand state highways are national highways –

368-618: Is also the second-highest paved road in the state at 10,626 feet (3,239 m) above sea level. The western section of the road from Parowan started as a logging road for nineteenth century Mormon pioneers and was designated a state highway in 1933. Twenty years later, the route was extended to Cedar Breaks National Monument, and again in 1985 to its present-day eastern end in Panguitch. State Route 143 begins at Interstate 15 in Iron County just west of Parowan as 200 South and travels through

414-511: Is divided into states and has state highways. For example, the longest highway in the state of São Paulo , the Rodovia Raposo Tavares , is designated as SP-270 and SP-295 . Canada is divided into provinces and territories, each of which maintains its own system of provincial or territorial highways, which form the majority of the country's highway network. There is also the national transcontinental Trans-Canada Highway system, which

460-445: Is free to choose a different marker, and most states have. States may choose a design theme relevant to its state (such as an outline of the state itself) to distinguish state route markers from interstate, county, or municipal route markers. Great Basin tribes The Indigenous peoples of the Great Basin are Native Americans of the northern Great Basin , Snake River Plain , and upper Colorado River basin. The "Great Basin"

506-596: Is marked by distinct signs, but has no uniform numeric designation across the country. In the eastern provinces, for instance, an unnumbered (though sometimes with a named route branch) Trans-Canada route marker is co-signed with a numbered provincial sign, with the provincial route often continuing alone outside the Trans-Canada Highway section. However, in the western provinces, the two parallel Trans-Canada routes are consistently numbered with Trans-Canada route markers; as Highways 1 and 16 respectively. Canada also has

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552-563: Is not a road class. The Strade Statali , abbreviated SS, is the Italian national network of state highways. The total length for the network is about 25.000 km (15.534 mi). The Italian state highway network are maintained by ANAS . From 1928 until 1946 state highways were maintained by Azienda Autonoma Statale della Strada (AASS). The next level of roads below Strada Statali is Strada Regionale ("regional roads"). The routes of some state highways derive from ancient Roman roads , such as

598-581: Is not recommended. As the route climbs onto the Markagunt Plateau at an elevation of nearly 10,000 feet (3,000 m), it enters the town of Brian Head, Utah's highest incorporated city and the home of Utah's highest ski resort, Brian Head Ski Resort . From the top of this plateau, vistas open up allowing for views of over 100 miles (160 km) in every direction. The area is populated with Engelmann spruces , aspens , and alpine meadows full of wildflowers . SR-143 continues climbing southward, passing

644-488: Is popular for summertime fishing as well as winter ice fishing . SR-143 continues its descent, heading northeast alongside Panguitch Creek as it enters Garfield County and exits Dixie National Forest. The route ends at U.S. Route 89 in the city of Panguitch , 25 miles (40 km) from Bryce Canyon National Park and just east of the Paunsaugunt Plateau. Archaic hunter-gatherers used this route as far back as

690-406: Is vested in the federal states of Germany. Most federal states use the term Landesstraße (marked with 'L'), while for historical reasons Saxony and Bavaria use the term Staatsstraße (marked with 'S'). The appearance of the shields differs from state to state. The term Land-es-straße should not be confused with Landstraße , which describes every road outside built-up areas and

736-642: The Fremont culture (AD 700 – 1300). Evidence of their passage is found along the roadway in the form of rock art. More recently, around the time of European settlement, the area was inhabited by the Southern Paiute people who used much of the Markagunt Plateau for hunting and gathering. The town of Parowan was settled in 1851 by Mormon pioneers , who built a wagon road up Parowan Canyon to access timber for buildings. Eventually, this road extended south to Cedar Breaks . In 1919, S. A. Halterman took

782-671: The Ghost Dance in a ceremony to commune with departed loved ones and bring renewal of buffalo herds and precontact lifeways. The Ute Bear Dance emerged on the Great Basin. The Sun Dance and Peyote religion flourished in the Great Basin, as well. In 1930, the Ely Shoshone Reservation was established, followed by the Duckwater Indian Reservation in 1940. Conditions for the Native American population of

828-609: The Strada statale 7 Via Appia , which broadly follows the route of the Roman road of the same name . Other examples are the Strada statale 1 Via Aurelia ( Via Aurelia ) and the Strada statale 4 Via Salaria ( Via Salaria ). Since the reforms following the birth of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861, the State took charge of the construction and maintenance of a primary network of roads for connections between

874-606: The 1975 passage of the Indian Self-determination and Education Assistance Act , has enabled Great Basin tribes to develop economic opportunities for their members. Different ethnic groups of Great Basin tribes share certain common cultural elements that distinguish them from surrounding groups. All but the Washoe traditionally speak Numic languages , and tribal groups, who historically lived peacefully and often shared common territories, have intermingled considerably. Prior to

920-463: The 20th century, Great Basin peoples were predominantly hunters and gatherers . "Desert Archaic" or more simply "The Desert Culture" refers to the culture of the Great Basin tribes. This culture is characterized by the need for mobility to take advantage of seasonally available food supplies. The use of pottery was rare due to its weight, but intricate baskets were woven for containing water, cooking food, winnowing grass seeds and storage—including

966-529: The Colorado just south of present day Moab, Utah . Rivera's diaries greatly influenced the Domínguez–Escalante expedition , which set off 11 years later in 1776 and passed far from present day Delta, Utah . Great Basin settlement was relatively free of non-Native settlers until the first Mormon settlers arrived in 1847. Within ten years, the first Indian reservation was established, in order to assimilate

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1012-520: The Great Basin were erratic throughout the 20th century. Economic improvement emerged as a result of President Franklin Roosevelt 's Indian New Deal in the 1930s, while activism and legal victories in the 1970s have improved conditions significantly. Nevertheless, the communities continue to struggle against chronic poverty and all of the resulting problems: unemployment ; substance abuse ; and high suicide rates. Today self-determination , beginning with

1058-562: The National Highway or National Route systems are marked under the State Route system. They can be recognised by blue shield markers. They were practically adopted in all states by the end of the 1980s, and in some states, some less important National Routes were downgraded to State Routes. Each state has or had its own numbering scheme, but do not duplicate National Route numbers in the same state, or nearby routes in another state. As with

1104-468: The National Routes and National Highways, State Routes are being phased out in most states and territories in favour of alphanumeric routes. However, despite the fact that Victoria has fully adopted alphanumeric routes in regional areas, state route numbers are still used extensively within the city of Melbourne as a part of its Metropolitan Route Numbering Scheme . Brazil is another country that

1150-450: The Parowan area caused the state legislature to twice modify the alignment of SR-143. The first change came in 1968, due to I-15 being constructed to bypass Parowan west of town, rather than following the route of US-91/SR-1 through the center of town. As a result, the state legislature moved SR-1 west onto the interstate alignment while keeping the old alignment in the state highway system. This

1196-534: The center of town before turning south into Parowan Canyon . From here, the route climbs past the Vermillion Cliffs , named for their reddish color produced by iron oxides . Farther up the canyon, the highway passes by the White Cliffs as it enters Dixie National Forest , and begins a steep climb up to Brian Head . The grade reaches 13% in some places, precipitous enough that travel by RVs or semi trucks

1242-619: The cities of the Central Valley , Route 128 in Massachusetts, or parts of Route 101 in New Hampshire). Each state has its own system for numbering and its own marker. The default marker is a white circle containing a black sans serif number (often inscribed in a black square or slightly rounded square), according to the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD). However each state

1288-661: The first automobile to Cedar Breaks via Parowan Canyon. With improvements to the road completed by 1921, he was able to take visitors on weekly trips to the area. State Route 143 was first commissioned in 1933 as the road from Parowan to the Dixie National Forest boundary. The route was extended in 1953 to reach from U.S. Route 91 (former State Route 1) in Parowan (Main Street) to the north boundary of Cedar Breaks National Monument , increasing its length to over 17 miles (27 km). The construction of Interstate 15 (I-15) in

1334-753: The lifestyles and cultures of the inhabitants. The oldest known petroglyphs in North America are in the Great Basin. Near the banks of Winnemucca Lake in Nevada, this rock art dates between 10,500 and 14,800 years ago. Archaeologists called the local period 9,000 BCE to 400 CE the Great Basin Desert Archaic Period. This was followed by the time of the Fremont culture , who were hunter-gatherers and agriculturalists . Numic language -speakers, ancestors of today's Western Shoshone and both Northern Paiute people and Southern Paiute people entered

1380-531: The main cities; in 1865 the Lanza law introduced the classification of roads between national, provincial and municipal (see Annex F, art.10) and the Royal Decree of 17 November 1865, n. 2633 listed the first 38 national roads. Italian state highways are identified by a number and a name. In road signs and maps the number is preceded by the acronym SS, an acronym for strada statale ("state road"). The nomenclature of

1426-508: The native population. The Goshute Reservation was created in 1863. The attempted acculturation process included sending children to Indian schools and limiting the landbases and resources of the reservations. Because their contact with European-Americans and African-Americans occurred comparatively late, Great Basin tribes maintain their religion and culture and were leading proponents of 19th century cultural and religious renewals. Two Paiute prophets , Wodziwob and Wovoka , introduced

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1472-477: The next important roads under the National highways . The number has two, three, or four digits. Highways with two-digit numbers routes are called State-funded local highways. State roads ( Turkish : Devlet yolu ) are primary roads, mostly under the responsibility of General Directorate of Highways (KGM) except in metropolitan city centers where the responsibility falls into the local government. The roads have

1518-529: The northern edge of Cedar Breaks National Monument , a natural amphitheater canyon eroded out of the western edge of the plateau similarly to Bryce Canyon . Here, the route reaches its highest point at 10,626 feet (3,239 m) above sea level, the second-highest paved road in Utah behind the Mirror Lake Highway at 10,715 feet (3,266 m). The route turns to the east here, while continuing south leads to

1564-628: The region around the 14th century CE. The first Europeans to document their encounters with Native groups in the Great Basin was Juan María Antonio de Rivera's expedition in 1765. Rivera led two expeditions from Santa Fe that year, the first departing sometime in June. Rivera's party camped with Paiutes on the Dolores River in July, and returned to Santa Fe for supplies. His second expedition departed Santa Fe in late September and went considerably farther, crossing

1610-421: The remainder of that route deleted and withdrawn from the state highway system. The former route of SR-143 northerly through Parowan was re-designated SR-274 . The other end of SR-143 has undergone route changes as well. Prior to 1969, SR-55 connected SR-14 with the southern boundary of Cedar Breaks National Monument. That year, as part of a major realignment of state highways, SR-55 was deleted and its road

1656-628: The rest of Cedar Breaks National Monument and State Route 148 (the Cedar Breaks Scenic Byway ). As the highway heads east, it descends through thick aspen forests interspersed with ancient lava fields . Distant views to the Escalante Mountains, Sevier Plateau , and the Pink Cliffs of Paunsaugunt Plateau are visible to the south and east. On this leg of the route, it passes around the south and east sides of Panguitch Lake , which

1702-456: The same group of families. In the summer, the largest group was usually the nuclear family due to the low density of food supplies. In the early historical period the Great Basin tribes were actively expanding to the north and east, where they developed a horse -riding bison -hunting culture. These people, including the Bannock and Eastern Shoshone share traits with Plains Indians . Today,

1748-468: The south boundary of the national monument. The route was designated as a Utah Scenic Byway called Brian Head-Panguitch Lake Scenic Byway in 1989, and as a Forest Service Byway called Utah's Patchwork Parkway in 2000. It is also currently being considered for nomination as a federal All-American Road . State highway Roads maintained by a state or province include both nationally numbered highways and un-numbered state highways. Depending on

1794-631: The state highways managed by ANAS generally follows the SS n scheme, where n is a number ranging from 1 ( Aurelia ) up to 700 (of the Royal Palace of Caserta ) depending on the date of establishment of the state highway. Newly built ANAS roads, not yet classified, are identified by the acronym NSA, an acronym for nuova strada ANAS ("new ANAS road"). State highways can be technically defined as main extra-urban roads (type B road) or as secondary extra-urban roads (type C road). State highways that cross towns with

1840-416: The state, "state highway" may be used for one meaning and "state road" or "state route" for the other. In some countries such as New Zealand , the word "state" is used in its sense of a sovereign state or country. By this meaning a state highway is a road maintained and numbered by the national government rather than local authorities. Australia 's important urban and inter-regional routes not covered by

1886-503: The storage of pine nuts, a Paiute-Shoshone staple. Heavy items such as metates would be cached rather than carried from foraging area to foraging area. Agriculture was not practiced within the Great Basin itself, although it was practiced in adjacent areas (modern agriculture in the Great Basin requires either large mountain reservoirs or deep artesian wells). Likewise, the Great Basin tribes had no permanent settlements, although winter villages might be revisited winter after winter by

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1932-518: The word "state" in this sense means "government" or "public" (as in state housing and state schools ), not a division of a country. New Zealand's state highway system is a nationwide network of roads covering the North Island and the South Island . As of 2006, just under 100 roads have a "State Highway" designation. The NZ Transport Agency administers them. The speed limit for most state highways

1978-413: Was accomplished by designating the former southwestern part of SR-1 from I-15 at Summit to Center street in Parowan as a new highway ( SR-38 ) and extending SR-143 through north Parowan up to I-15, incorporating the northwestern part of the former SR-1 alignment. In 1975, the construction of I-15 was complete, including a second Parowan interchange that had not been in the original plans. This interchange

2024-513: Was added to SR-143. In this same legislative resolution, there was a provision that the portion of the route alignments inside the boundaries of the national monument would be included as part of the state highway system once the Utah Department of Transportation was granted a right-of-way easement from federal authorities. In 1994, the legislative description of SR-143 was updated to reflect that this easement had been granted. SR-148 still ends at

2070-449: Was designated as part of SR-143. This left SR-143 as a non-contiguous highway, as the portion going through the national monument was not part of the highway designation. In 1985, the southern portion of SR-143 between SR-14 and the southern Cedar Breaks National Monument boundary was re-designated SR-148 , and Panguitch Lake Road from the eastern monument boundary to US-89 in Panguitch

2116-544: Was located west of Parowan, between the Summit interchange to the southwest, and the Parowan interchange to the north. In response, the legislature rerouted SR-143 to connect to the west interchange. Instead of turning north on Main Street, SR-143 now turned south on Main Street for two blocks (coinciding with SR-38) and turned west to reach the new interchange. The two blocks of Main Street overlapping SR-38 were transferred to SR-143, with

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