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34-507: David Blum 's New York story, titled "Hollywood's Brat Pack", ran on June 10, 1985. It was originally supposed to be just about Emilio Estevez, but one night, Estevez invited Blum to hang out with him, Rob Lowe, Judd Nelson, and others at the Hard Rock Cafe . It was a typical night out for the group, who had gotten close while filming St. Elmo's Fire . That night, Blum decided to change the article's focus to an entire group of young actors at

68-464: A Brat Pack movie. According to Susannah Gora, Blum later admitted that he should not have written the article. An appearance in one or both of the ensemble casts of two specific films released in 1985— John Hughes 's The Breakfast Club and Joel Schumacher 's St. Elmo's Fire —is often considered the prerequisite for being a core Brat Pack member. With this criterion, the most commonly cited members include: The initial New York article covered

102-528: A sex tape . According to Susannah Gora, "Many believe they could have gone on to more serious roles if not for that article. They were talented. But they had professional difficulties, personal difficulties after that." By the 21st century, the term "Brat Pack" had lost its negative connotation. The films themselves have been described as representative of "the socially apathetic, cynical, money-possessed and ideologically barren eighties generation." They made frequent use of adolescent archetypes , were often set in

136-399: A fundamental driving force. These include: Other authors, such as Margaret Hartwell and Joshua Chen, go further to give these 12 archetypes families 5 archetypes each. They are as follows: There is also the position that the use of archetypes in different ways is possible because every archetype has multiple manifestations, with each one featuring different attributes. For instance, there

170-553: A group of actors larger, or more inclusive, than the currently understood meaning of the term "Brat Pack". For example, he mentioned cast members of Taps , including Tom Cruise and Timothy Hutton . Charlie Sheen appears in several lists – more for his family relationship to Emilio Estevez and his partying than for his film work with other members. After the Brat Pack quickly became a common term to identify this young bunch of actors, other actors with similar traits were associated to

204-531: A regular contributor to The New York Times Magazine (1995–2000). A 1985 New York Magazine cover story by Blum is credited for coining the term Brat Pack for a group of young 1980s actors. In 1992, he published his first book, Flash In The Pan: The Life and Death of an American Restaurant, which was named a notable nonfiction book of the year by The New York Times Book Review . He published his second book, Tick...Tick...Tick...: The Long Life & Turbulent Times of 60 Minutes, in 2004. In 2002, he

238-460: A standard and recurring depiction in a particular human culture or the whole human race that ultimately lays concrete pillars and can shape the whole structure in a literary work. Christopher Booker , author of The Seven Basic Plots: Why We Tell Stories , argues that the following basic archetypes underlie all stories: These themes coincide with the characters of Jung's archetypes. Archetypal literary criticism argues that archetypes determine

272-416: Is a tendency to form such representations of a motif—representations that can vary a great deal in detail without losing their basic pattern. While there are a variety of categorizations of archetypes, Jung's configuration is perhaps the most well known and serves as the foundation for many other models. The four major archetypes to emerge from his work, which Jung originally terms primordial images, include

306-427: Is married to television writer and producer Terri Minsky . Archetype The concept of an archetype ( / ˈ ɑːr k ɪ t aɪ p / AR -ki-type ; from Ancient Greek ἄρχω árkhō  'to begin' and τύπος túpos  'sort, type') appears in areas relating to behavior , historical psychology , philosophy and literary analysis . An archetype can be any of

340-549: Is really slob work, and he was out to get you." After the show, in the Chicago Sun-Times, Rob Lowe reminded that "He’s not Hunter Thompson or Tom Wolfe, he’s David Blum living in a cheap flat", and Sean Penn added "Sometimes writers, like actors, like anybody, do their work to impress three or four of their cool friends in SoHo". With the increased negative attention to them, the actors soon stopped socializing with one another. On

374-620: Is tempting to think of Forms as mental entities (ideas) that exist only in our mind, the philosopher insisted that they are independent of any minds (real). Eidos were collective in the sense that they embodied the fundamental characteristics of a thing rather than its specific peculiarities. In the seventeenth century, Sir Thomas Browne and Francis Bacon both employ the word archetype in their writings; Browne in The Garden of Cyrus (1658) attempted to depict archetypes in his usage of symbolic proper-names. The concept of psychological archetypes

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408-497: Is the position that the function of the archetype must be approached according to the context of biological sciences and is accomplished through the concept of the ultimate function. This pertains to the organism's response to those pressures in terms of biological trait. Later in the 1900s, a Viennese psychologist named Dr. Ernest Dichter took these psychological constructs and applied them to marketing. Dichter moved to New York around 1939 and sent every ad agency on Madison Avenue

442-428: The " hero "; symbols such as the apple or the snake; and imagery) and that have all been laden with meaning prior to their inclusion in any particular work. The archetypes reveal shared roles universal among societies, such as the role of the mother in her natural relations with all members of the family. These archetypes create a shared imagery which is defined by many stereotypes that have not separated themselves from

476-518: The 1540s. It derives from the Latin noun archetypum , latinization of the Greek noun ἀρχέτυπον ( archétypon ), whose adjective form is ἀρχέτυπος ( archétypos ), which means "first-molded", which is a compound of ἀρχή archḗ , "beginning, origin", and τύπος týpos , which can mean, among other things, "pattern", "model", or "type". It, thus, referred to the beginning or origin of

510-594: The 1980s. David Blum David Blum is an American writer and editor. Blum was born in Queens , New York , and graduated with a degree in English literature from the University of Chicago in 1977. He began his career as a reporter in 1979 for The Wall Street Journal . He has also worked for Esquire (where he became as associate editor in 1983), been a contributing editor at New York Magazine (1985–1992), and

544-513: The anima/animus, the self, the shadow, and the persona. Additionally, Jung referred to images of the wise old man, the child, the mother, and the maiden. He believed that each human mind retains these basic unconscious understandings of the human condition and the collective knowledge of our species in the construct of the collective unconscious . Other authors, such as Carol Pearson and Margaret Mark, have attributed 12 different archetypes to Jung, organized in three overarching categories, based on

578-454: The article, all of them were grouped together and regarded as unprofessional. Some actors went on the Phil Donahue show and called Blum an "unethical jerk". During the show, Richard Schickel said "I really thought that was a scurrilous article. . . . I really think this is a kind of scuzz journalism. . . . I’ve been around journalism a long time. I look at a piece like that, and I say, this

612-586: The best high school movie ever made. On VH1 's 2006 list of the 100 greatest teen stars, Molly Ringwald was ranked No. 1, Rob Lowe was ranked No. 2, Anthony Michael Hall was ranked No. 4, Ally Sheedy was ranked No. 34, and Andrew McCarthy was ranked No. 40. In 2020, Estevez expressed frustration at the persistence of the "Brat Pack" name, saying "That [term] will be on my tombstone ... It's annoying because Brad Pitt , George Clooney and Matt Damon have worked together more than any of us have. We just made two movies and somehow it morphed into something else." Beyond

646-413: The core membership, including 1984's Red Dawn with C. Thomas Howell, Jennifer Grey , Charlie Sheen, Harry Dean Stanton , Patrick Swayze , and Lea Thompson , 1986's Ferris Bueller's Day Off which starred Matthew Broderick with Grey and Sheen in supporting roles and 1987's The Lost Boys with Kiefer Sutherland and Jami Gertz in key roles. Many of the Brat Pack members have continued to act past

680-445: The following: Archetypes are also very close analogies to instincts , in that, long before any consciousness develops, it is the impersonal and inherited traits of human beings that present and motivate human behavior. They also continue to influence feelings and behavior even after some degree of consciousness developed later on. The word archetype , "original pattern from which copies are made," first entered into English usage in

714-403: The form and function of literary works and that a text 's meaning is shaped by cultural and psychological myths. Cultural archetypes are the unknowable basic forms personified or made concrete by recurring images , symbols , or patterns (which may include motifs such as the " quest " or the " heavenly ascent "; recognizable character types such as the " trickster ", " saint ", " martyr " or

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748-435: The group's camaraderie, Ally Sheedy later said the article "just destroyed it. I had felt truly a part of something, and that guy just blew it to pieces." In 1987, Blum wrote an unapologetic article on the matter, stating "I do have one thing they don't. A job at a magazine. And that entitles me to the freedom of the press", and revealing that he could not copyright 'Brat Pack' even though he had also written an initial plot for

782-535: The made-up group: In her autobiography, Melissa Gilbert connects herself with the Brat Pack, as her social life centered on Estevez and Lowe (each of whom she was engaged to at different times). Through frequent collaborative work, the actor Harry Dean Stanton , then in his late 50s, became a mentor for the group of young actors. During the late 1980s, several of the Brat Pack actors had their careers mildly derailed by problems relating to drugs, alcohol, and in Lowe's case,

816-424: The pattern, model or type. Usage of archetypes in specific pieces of writing is a holistic approach , which can help the writing win universal acceptance. This is because readers can relate to and identify with the characters and the situation, both socially and culturally. By deploying common archetypes contextually, a writer aims to impart realism to their work. According to many literary critics, archetypes have

850-602: The same time, it has also been observed that evolution can itself be considered an archetypal construct. Jung states in part one of Man And His Symbols that: My views about the 'archaic remnants', which I call 'archetypes' or 'primordial images,' have been constantly criticized by people who lack sufficient knowledge of the psychology of dreams and of mythology. The term 'archetype' is often misunderstood as meaning certain definite mythological images or motifs, but these are nothing more than conscious representations. Such variable representations cannot be inherited. The archetype

884-459: The short-lived 02138 magazine. He has also served as editorial director of its owner (and the owner of the New York Press ), Manhattan Media . In 2010, Blum joined Amazon.com as the founding editor of Kindle single , the retailer's effort to sell long-form nonfiction for its e-reader device. In 2016, Blum moved to Audible Inc. as editor-in-chief of Audible Original Publishing. Blum

918-418: The suburbs surrounding Chicago , and focused on middle-class teenage angst. According to author Susannah Gora, these films "changed the way many young people looked at everything from class distinction to friendship, from love to sex and fashion to music." They are considered "among the most influential pop cultural contributions of their time." In 2012, Entertainment Weekly listed The Breakfast Club as

952-456: The time. The St. Elmo's Fire crew members did not like Blum and sensed that he was jealous of the actors' success. Blum thought of the term the day after meeting the group, while thinking about a friend of his who was following Grace Jones to different restaurants and referred to his experience as following the "fat pack". At this instant, Blum felt like he was following the 'Brat Pack': "I wouldn’t call it an inspiration exactly. I did think it

986-416: The traditional, biological, religious, and mythical framework. The origins of the archetypal hypothesis date as far back as Plato . Plato's eidos , or ideas , were pure mental forms that were said to be imprinted in the soul before it was born into the world. Some philosophers also translate the archetype as "essence" in order to avoid confusion with respect to Plato's conceptualization of Forms. While it

1020-517: The two primary films, there is no generally accepted list of "Brat Pack" movies. While Blum's article credits Taps as the first Brat Pack movie, the list of movies below represents the more traditional filmography, with each movie including at least two core members in starring roles: Other 1980s films, many with similar coming-of-age themes, that starred only one core Brat Pack actor with one or more close contributors include: Some films have been dubbed "Brat Pack movies" despite having no stars from

1054-537: The way in which Jung meant them. In Jung's psychological framework, archetypes are innate, libidinally collective schemas , universal prototypes for idea- sensory impression images and may be used to interpret observations. A group of memories and interpretations associated with an archetype is a complex (e.g. a mother complex associated with the mother archetype). Jung treated the archetypes as psychological organs, analogous to physical ones in that both are morphological constructs that arose through evolution . At

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1088-782: Was advanced by the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung , c. 1919. Jung has acknowledged that his conceptualization of archetype is influenced by Plato's eidos , which he described as "the formulated meaning of a primordial image by which it was represented symbolically." According to Jung, the term archetype is an explanatory paraphrase of the Platonic eidos , also believed to represent the word form . He maintained that Platonic archetypes are metaphysical ideas, paradigms, or models, and that real things are held to be only copies of these model ideas. However, archetypes are not easily recognizable in Plato's works in

1122-547: Was named an adjunct professor at the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism . Blum was editor-in-chief of The Village Voice from September 2006 through March 2007 (one in a string of editors the publication had in a short period of time), and editor-in-chief of the New York Press from September 2007 through June 2008. In the latter half of 2008, he briefly served as editor-in-chief of

1156-413: Was pretty clever [...] these guys definitely fit the bill." When the piece ran, the actors all felt betrayed, especially Estevez. The article mentioned people in several films but focused on Estevez, Lowe, and Nelson, and portrayed those three negatively. The "Brat Pack" label, which the actors disliked, stuck for years afterward. Before the article ran, they had been regarded as talented individuals; after

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