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16-557: Boundary Street is a three-lane one-way street in Kowloon , Hong Kong . It runs in an easterly direction from its start at the intersection with Tung Chau Street in the west, and ends at its intersection with Prince Edward Road West in the east, near the former Kai Tak Airport . The street previously marked the boundary between the southern part of Kowloon, ceded by the Qing dynasty to Great Britain in 1860 along with Stonecutters Island , and

32-524: A population of 2,019,533 and a population density of 43,033/km (111,450/sq mi) in 2006. It is one of the three areas of Hong Kong , along with Hong Kong Island and the New Territories . It is the smallest, second most populous and most densely populated of the divisions. Kowloon is located directly north of Hong Kong Island across Victoria Harbour . It is bordered by the Lei Yue Mun strait to

48-581: Is connected to Hong Kong Island by two road-only tunnels (the Cross-Harbour Tunnel and the Western Harbour Crossing ), three MTR railway tunnels ( Tsuen Wan line , Tung Chung line / Airport Express and East Rail ) and one combined road and MTR rail link tunnel ( Eastern Harbour Tunnel , containing the Tseung Kwan O line and road traffic in separate parallel conduits). No bridges connect

64-589: The Kowloon Wharf , but because of the close proximity of Kowloon's built-up area to Kai Tak Airport , building construction was limited by flight paths. As a result, compared to Hong Kong Island, Kowloon had a much lower skyline. After World War II , Kowloon became extremely congested when slums for refugees from the newly established People's Republic of China gave way to public housing estates , mixed with private residential, commercial, and industrial areas. The area of reclaimed land now known as West Kowloon

80-455: The New Territories , but as part of the Kowloon urban area (on both sides of Boundary Street), except for statutory and land rent proposes, where the original arrangement has remained in place. Administratively its portion west of the East Rail line forms part of the boundary between Yau Tsim Mong and Sham Shui Po districts, until the former western coast of the peninsula, from whereupon

96-586: The New Territories . Statutorily, "Kowloon" is only the area south of Boundary Street and Stonecutters Island, but in common use, New Kowloon is not regarded as part of the New Territories, but as an integral part of the Kowloon urban area whether north or south of Boundary Street. Large-scale development of Kowloon began in the early 20th century, with the construction of the Kowloon-Canton Railway and

112-414: The New Territories joined the colony. Although the street marks the historical boundary, the road did not come to exist until 1934, more than 30 years after the lease of boundary north. The road was built to accelerate the development of Kowloon Tong and identify the difference in calculation of rates between the boundary north and south. In everyday life, New Kowloon is no longer regarded as part of

128-623: The boundary follows the streets on the reclamation. On 1 July 1997, sovereignty of the territories on both sides of Boundary Street was handed over from the United Kingdom to the People's Republic of China , along with the rest of Hong Kong. Kowloon Kowloon ( / ˌ k aʊ ˈ l uː n / ) is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon . It has

144-528: The east, Mei Foo Sun Chuen , Butterfly Valley and Stonecutter's Island to the west, a mountain range, including Tate's Cairn and Lion Rock to the north, and Victoria Harbour to the south. Kowloon comprises the following districts : The name 'Kowloon' ( Chinese : 九龍 ; lit. 'nine dragons') alludes to eight mountains and a Chinese emperor: Kowloon Peak , Tung Shan , Tate's Cairn , Temple Hill , Unicorn Ridge , Lion Rock , Beacon Hill , Crow's Nest and Emperor Bing of Song . It

160-531: The island and Kowloon. 22°19′N 114°11′E  /  22.317°N 114.183°E  / 22.317; 114.183 Beacon Hill (Hong Kong) Beacon Hill ( Chinese : 筆架山 ; Jyutping : bat1 gaa3 saan1 ) is a hill in the northern part of the Kowloon peninsula in Hong Kong . It is the 71st-highest hill of Hong Kong and is 457m tall. Beacon Hill is located within the Lion Rock Country Park . The tower and its relevant equipment on

176-606: The northern part of Kowloon ( New Kowloon ) (which remained part of China until it was leased as part of the New Territories to the United Kingdom in 1898 for 99 years under the Second Convention of Peking ). After the lease, the boundary was renamed from Boundary Line to Old Frontier Line . The boundary was marked by a long line of tall bamboo fences, which effectively blocked smuggling between Chinese Kowloon and British Kowloon at that time. The barrier became obsolete when

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192-451: The struggle against the new Manchu-formed Qing Dynasty. Qing military garrisons were created and stationed throughout most of Kowloon's coastal areas to enforce the Qing government's decree in locations which later became referred to as beacons. The steep north face of Beacon Hill, together with a valley to the north-east of Eagle's Nest , covering a total area of 53.2 hectares, was designated as

208-662: The top of Beacon Hill is not open to the public and is a secured facility controlled and maintained by the Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department . The hill's name dates back to the Great Clearance between 1661 and 1669, which required the complete evacuation of the coastal areas of Kowloon in Hong Kong in order to fight against and then subsequently defeat the anti-Qing movement that was first started and largely led by surviving Ming Dynasty loyalists carrying on

224-510: Was also spelt 'Kawloong' in some 19th-century sources. The part of Kowloon south of Boundary Street , together with Stonecutters Island , was ceded by Qing China to the United Kingdom under the Convention of Peking of 1860. For many years the area remained largely undeveloped, used by the British mainly for tiger-hunting expeditions. The part of Kowloon north of Boundary Street ( New Kowloon )

240-566: Was leased by the British as part of the New Territories under the 1898 Second Convention of Peking for 99 years. Within New Kowloon is Kowloon City, an area of Hong Kong where the Kowloon Walled City used to be located. The Kowloon Walled City itself was demolished in 1993. The same area was called Kwun Fu Cheung ( 官富場 ) during the Song dynasty (960–1279). "New Kowloon" has remained part of

256-898: Was once home to a dockyard for the Royal Navy . The 1911 census recorded a population of 7,306, with most being Hakka . The invasion of China by Japan in 1937 caused the population of Kowloon to grow drastically. Between 1937 and 1939, 750,000 refugees arrived in Kowloon and nearby areas, with many not having residence. As of 2011 , 2,108,419 people lived in Kowloon. About 94.2% of Kowloon's residents are of Han Chinese ethnicity. The largest ethnic minority groups are Indonesians (1.8%), Filipinos (1.5%), Indians (0.5%), Nepalese (0.4%), and British (0.3%). Around 86% of Kowloon's residents use Cantonese as their usual language, while 2.3% use English and 1.2% use Mandarin . Kowloon comprises these localities of Hong Kong: Lists of primary and secondary schools in Kowloon by district: Kowloon

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