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51-426: Bình Định province has an area of 6,066.40 km (2,342.25 sq mi), comprising 11 district-level sub-divisions, with a population of over 1.5 million people as of 2023. The province is known for its scenery and beaches. There are also a number of Cham structures. Majority of the province is covered by mountains or hills. Its capital Quy Nhon served as the capital of the historic Tây Sơn dynasty . Economically

102-461: A gross domestic product per capita of 9.57 million đồngs in 2007, Bình Định is ranked fourth out of eight provinces and cities in the South Central Coast . While being significantly behind the main success stories of the region, namely Da Nang and Khánh Hòa province , it is more developed than most other provinces in the region. It has been benefiting from its strategic position as one of

153-869: A few trains, such as the train to Vinh . Much of Côn River – almost up to the border in Vĩnh Thạnh district with Gia Lai province – and a small stretch of Lai Giang River up to Bồng Sơn in Hoài Nhơn district – are inland waterways and can be used for transportation. There has been a significant change in the use of inland waterways away from passengers and towards freight traffic between 2006 and 2008. The number of passengers decreased from 113,000 in 2006 to 42,000 in 2007 and 7,000 in 2008 and 2009, while freight transport on inland – apparently almost non-existent until 2008 – has accounted for 10 tons and around 70 tons km in 2008 and 2009, respectively. This is, however, still minuscule compared to other modes of transportation within

204-420: A larger share if distance travelled (tons.km) is considered (50 percent compared to 43.4 percent). Both private and household businesses have been able to grow and increase their share in recent years, mainly at the expense of the declining collective sector. In 2009, there were 74.1 telephone subscribers per 100 inhabitants. The total number of subscriptions in the province was 1.1 million – a rapid increase from

255-420: A length of 134 km. All Reunification Express trains stop at Diêu Trì Railway Station . Quy Nhơn Railway Station is around 10 km east of the main railway. It is served by a daily train from Quy Nhơn to Saigon Railway Station and a train three times a week from Quy Nhon to Vinh Railway Station . Tam Quan Railway Station , located along North–South Railway in Hoài Nhơn district , is frequented by only

306-524: A regional center of furniture manufacturing. The industry has been successful in creating large numbers of jobs, with furniture manufacturing enterprises employing around 40,000 workers and manufacturing in total around 107,000, making Bình Định leading in the South Central Coast in terms of industrial employment. More than two thirds of the province's gross industrial output is produced in Quy Nhơn , which

357-596: A total length of 458.5 km. National Route 1 runs through the province from north to south with a length of 118 km, connecting the eastern districts of Hoài Nhơn , Phù Mỹ , Phù Cát , An Nhơn , and Tuy Phước to much of the rest of Vietnam. A branch of it – National Route 1D – connects the provincial capital Quy Nhon to 1A and Sông Cầu in Phú Yên province . 20 km of 1D's 33 km are in Bình Định. National Road 19 runs from Quy Nhơn Port through northern Quy Nhơn,

408-437: A total teaching staff of 601 and 23,383 students, 13,704 of whom were female. There were 19,900 primary school students and 28,500 secondary school students. Quy Nhon is home to multiple domestically famous Vietnamese dishes: 13°46′N 109°14′E  /  13.767°N 109.233°E  / 13.767; 109.233 Ph%C3%B9 M%E1%BB%B9 district Phù Mỹ is a district ( huyện ) of Bình Định province in

459-464: A very low base since 2008. As of 2009, the share of the collective sector (11.8 percent) is still slightly ahead of the private sector (11.6 percent), but it has been clearly overtaken in terms of passenger km, with shares of 5.4 and 23.3 percent, respectively. The freight transport sector is dominated by the household and private sector. While household businesses take the lead in freight volume (54.8 percent compared to 41.4 percent), private companies have

510-470: Is 42 kilometres or 26 miles long with sandy beaches, abundant seafood resources and other natural products of economic value. Hà Thanh River flows through city. The city has sixteen wards: Trần Hưng Đạo, Lê Lợi, Lê Hồng Phong, Trần Phú, Lý Thường Kiệt, Nguyễn Văn Cừ, Đống Đa, Thị Nại, Hải Cảng, Ngô Mây, Ghềnh Ráng, Quang Trung, Nhơn Bình, Nhơn Phú, Bùi Thị Xuân and Trần Quang Diệu. It has five villages: Nhơn Lý, Nhơn Hội, Nhơn Châu, Nhơn Hải and Phước Mỹ (which

561-490: Is a coastal city in Bình Định province in central Vietnam . It is composed of 16 wards and five communes with a total of 286 km (110 sq mi). Quy Nhon is the capital of Bình Định province. As of 2022 its population was 481.110. Historically, the commercial activities of the city focused on agriculture and fishing. In recent years, however, there has been a significant shift towards service industries and tourism. There

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612-813: Is also a substantial manufacturing sector. The origins of human settlement stretch back to the 11th-century Champa culture, the Tây Sơn dynasty as well as the 18th-century seaport of Thị Nại . The city was subject to a Mongol invasion in the Battle of Thị Nại Bay (1283) during the Mongol invasions of Vietnam . During the Ming treasure voyages of the 15th century, the Chinese fleet led by Admiral Zheng He would always make port at Quy Nhon in Champa as their first destination after leaving China. During

663-504: Is around 10 kilometres or 6 miles west of Quy Nhon. Quy Nhon is one of the main industrial centres of the South Central Coast , behind only Da Nang and Nha Trang. It is also the major industrial and service centre of Bình Định Province , including its largest industrial facilities at Phu Tai Industrial Park and Nhơn Hội Economic Zone . The city's economic activities include industries, export-imports, seaport services, aquatic product husbandry and tourism. The economic trend , at present,

714-424: Is central to the city's and province's industrial development plans. However, as of late 2010 it was still in the early stages of development, with few factories completed. Quy Nhon has seen only limited foreign investment. As of 2008, thirteen foreign companies employed 1119 people in the city. Currently the economic structure of Quy Nhon is a shift towards increasing the proportion of service industries, reducing

765-447: Is increasingly service-based at the expense of agriculture, forestry and pisciculture . Cereals are cultivated on 2548 ha of Quy Nhon's land with an output of 13,021 tons as of 2009, just 2% of the province's total. Other crops included 10,891 tons of vegetables, 2,795 tons of sugar-cane, as well as smaller amounts of coconuts, peanuts and cashew nuts. Much of the city's industry is concentrated in and around Phu Tai Industrial Park in

816-626: Is occasionally hit by the tail-end of typhoons hitting further up the coast. Quy Nhon is served by Vietnam Airlines , Bamboo Airways , VietJet Air and Pacific Airlines through Phu Cat Airport , with flights to Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City . Quy Nhơn railway station could be reached by a branch off the main line of the North–South railway , but this line was suspended in May 2016. Reunification express trains stop only in Diêu Trì railway station , which

867-577: Is relatively good by Vietnamese standards and significantly above the median province with 51.44 percent. However, the assessment of road quality by the local business community is not very good, with only 34.76 percent stating that roads are in good or very good condition. Road transport is by far the most important mode of transport within the province. It accounts for between 97 and just under 100 percent of passenger and freight movements. 22.77 million passengers and 7928 tons of cargo were transported by road in 2009. The North–South Railway in Bình Định has

918-458: Is the main border crossing to Phú Yên province . National Route 1 passes through this pass, while there is another road (1D) along the coast. The border to Gia Lai province is the most mountainous, with the only road connection at An Khê pass (đèo An Khê) between the towns of Phú Phong in Tây Sơn district and An Khê in Gia Lai. The border to Quảng Ngãi province is also very mountainous, with

969-667: Is the region's third-largest industrial center after Da Nang and Nha Trang . Phu Tai Industrial Park is central to Bình Định's industry in general and the furniture industry in particular. Several chemical enterprises that supply the furniture and wood processing industry have been set up in the vicinity of the industrial park. The largest industries after furniture manufacturing (5290.8 billion VND in 2009) in terms of gross output are food products and beverages (2770.5 billion), non-metallic mineral products (938.4 billion), wood processing (843.6 billion), and chemical products (755.1 billion). The latter includes not only companies supporting

1020-542: The Vietnam War . Today the city is recognized as a first class city with a geo-economic priority and an urbanized infrastructure. The government describes it as one of the three commercial and tourism centres of the central southern coastal region (with Da Nang and Nha Trang ). Quy Nhon has a varied topography, being extremely diversified with mountains and forests, hills, fields, salt marshes, plains, lagoons, lakes, rivers, shorelines, peninsulas and islands. Its coastline

1071-507: The 101,230 in 2005, most of which was contributed by mobile phones. The calling time has also increased rapidly in the same period, from 53 to 488 million minutes. The quality of telecommunications has received relatively good assessments, with 70.74 percent of respondents to a survey stating that it is good or very good. As of 2009, there were 28,919 Internet subscribers in Bình Định, up from 18,260 in 2008 and 8,716 in 2006. While telephones and Internet connections have become much more widespread,

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1122-589: The 1620s the town was host to Portuguese Jesuits who called the place Pulo Cambi. The town of Quy Nhon was officially founded in the late 19th century by Emperor Thành Thái . It was also the site of the Bombardment of Qui Nhơn in 1861, and more recently, it had a large American and Korean military presence, especially the Capital Mechanized Infantry Division of the Republic of Korea Army during

1173-537: The Khmer King Jayavarman VII . Major wars with Vietnam were fought in 1069 and again in the 15th century, which eventually led to the defeat of Vijaya and the demise of Champa in 1471. The Tây Sơn dynasty originated from Binh Dinh, being named after Tây Sơn district where the rulers had come from. The capital of Quy Nhon served as their capital until the Vietnamese Civil War of 1789–1802 , when

1224-447: The South Central Coast region, mostly because of its large output of rice, coconuts and its strong livestock, forestry and fishing sectors. It contributes roughly 23% of sector 1 GDP and rice output of the South Central Coast (while it has 17.7% of the region's population). The rice harvest is the largest of the South Central Coast region but accounts only for a modest 1.62% of the national output. It has been fluctuating around 600,000t over

1275-421: The South Central Coast's total, ranking second after Khánh Hòa province (as of 2007). In 2009 gross output was 3.97 trillion VND or 137,466t. In contrast to Khánh Hòa, the vast majority of this was contributed by sea fishing, with only a small share (11.1%) from aquaculture. As of 2009, 61,900 people were employed in fishing, compared to 481,200 in agriculture and forestry. Bình Định has transformed itself into

1326-418: The agricultural gross output , a relatively high value compared to other provinces. Bình Định is by far the largest producer of pork, both in terms of total output and per capita output (over 50 kg per capita). As of 2009, there were 684,300 pigs, 288,400 cows, 18,900 buffaloes, 3 million chickens and 2 million other poultry. Bình Định has a large fishing sector. Its gross output contributes one fifth of

1377-520: The centre of the lowland areas of Hoài Nhơn and Hoài Ân in northern Bình Định, Mỹ Cát River in central Bình Định, and Hà Thanh River along the valley in Vân Canh district in southern Bình Định. The largest lake is Định Bình Lake , an artificial lake mainly used for irrigation in the highlands of western Bình Định. Also in western Bình Định is Vĩnh Sơn Lake (hồ Vĩnh Sơn) at Vĩnh Sơn Hydropower Station. Other major lakes include Núi Một Lake (hồ Núi Một) in

1428-531: The districts around this plain. Other lowland areas are located in the coastal districts of Hoài Nhơn , Phù Mỹ , Phù Cát , as well as the inland district of Hoài Ân . There are some hills or mountains near the coast in all of the coastal provinces, with the highest peak in Phù Cát at 874m (Ba mountain, núi Bà) and in Phù Mỹ at 602m. Mountains form natural borders to the neighbouring provinces. Cù Mông pass (đèo Cù Mông)

1479-463: The furniture and wood processing industry have been set up in the vicinity of the industrial park. Other industries in Quy Nhon process agricultural and aquatic products, or produce construction materials and paper products. Bidiphar is a pharmaceutical company headquartered in Quy Nhon that is an exception to the city's general focus on basic and wood processing industries. Nhơn Hội Economic Zone

1530-438: The furniture industry, but also a pharmaceutical industry, the most significant company of which is Bidiphar , a local state-owned enterprise. Smaller manufacturing sectors include garments, paper, leather, plastics and rubber products. Nhơn Hội Economic Zone is under construction, but behind schedule (as of September 2010). Bình Định's infrastructure has been significant for its economic development. It has traditionally been

1581-504: The last few years. The average yield is 53.1t/ha as of 2009 with the highest yields around the lower Côn River . The province's output of coconuts (95,040t) accounts for 9% of the national total as of 2007. Other significant crops include peanuts (13.7kt, 2.71%), cashew nuts (4.2kt, 1.39%), and sugar cane (185.7kt, 1.07%). Coconuts are planted mostly in the districts of Hoài Nhơn (30kt in 2009), Phù Mỹ (27kt), Phù Cát (16.4kt), and Hoài Ân (15.7kt). The livestock sector makes up 35% of

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1632-463: The lower Côn River . It encompasses much of Quy Nhon , the districts of Tuy Phước , An Nhơn , the western part of Phù Cát , and the eastern part of Tây Sơn . Given its size, and the access to a major port as well as Bình Định's major river, it has long been the place where most of Bình Định's people and economic activities concentrate. It was the site of Vijaya , one of the major city-states of Champa . The majority of Bình Định's population lives in

1683-526: The main gateways to the Central Highlands and its port . It is the region's third-largest industrial center (mainly based on furniture manufacturing) and also has strong agricultural, forestry, livestock, and fishing sectors. In 2007 Bình Định exported goods worth US$ 327.3 million, while importing goods worth US$ 141.6 million. Most of the province's exports are furniture. Bình Định has the most productive primary sector (agriculture, fishery, forestry) in

1734-405: The major road and railway passing through Bình Đê Pass (đèo Bình Đê) near Tam Quan . Côn River is the largest and most important river in Bình Định. It forms a small delta north of Quy Nhon . Most of it can be used as an inland waterway for transportation. This is probably one of the reasons why a major centre of power of Champa emerged along this river. Other rivers are Lại Giang River at

1785-497: The major seaports are owned and operated by the state sector, almost none of the local transport is state-run. Household businesses are dominant in the passenger sector, accounting for more than 70 percent of passengers and passenger kilometers over the last few years – although their share has been decreasing. The other traditionally significant enterprise form have been collective enterprises. Their share has been decreasing, too, while private sector participation has been increasing from

1836-411: The number of letters and money telegrams sent has decreased from 119,000 in 2005 to 77,421 in 2009 and telegram services have been discontinued after 2007. Bình Định had a population of 1.486.918 on April 1, 2019.It has been growing slowly from 2000 to 2007 – at just 0.92% per year on average. As of 2009, 27.8% of the population live in urban areas, up from 19% in 1995 and 24.2% in 2000. More than 40% of

1887-518: The province has the most productive primary sector in the South Central Coast region, mostly because of its large output of rice, coconuts and its strong livestock, forestry and fishing sectors. Bình Định was probably one of the places where the Cham first arrived in what is now Vietnam. Its favourable geography led to the rise of the Cham Port of Thị Nại where Quy Nhơn is now located. The city-state of Vijaya

1938-463: The province was wracked by warfare and the dynasty collapsed. Its Sino-Vietnamese name ( chữ Hán : 平定 ) translates as "pacified" or "subjugated." The majority of Bình Định province is covered by mountains or hills. Elevations range from 0 at the coast to around 1200 meters above sea level in An Lão district in the north-west of the province. While most of the mountains as well as the highest peaks are in

1989-669: The province. Maritime transport within the province has shown a declining trend in recent years and was at 171 tons and 31,000 passengers in 2009. The two main ports of the province – Quy Nhơn Port and Thị Nại Port – are both located in Quy Nhon . In 2009 they had a combined freight turnover of 4,500 tons, with 30,856 tons handled by Quy Nhon port, including 2016 tons of exported goods (mainly processed wood, furniture and stones). Thị Nại Port, in contrast, mostly handles domestic trade. The volume of cargo handled has increased by more than 50 percent between 2005 and 2009. While Vietnam Railways and

2040-475: The rate of agriculture, forestry and fisheries in GDP. The shares of agriculture, forestry and fisheries – industrial and construction – services in GDP in 2006 reached 36.7%, 28% and 35.3%, respectively, while in 2005 it was at 38.4%, 26.7% and 34.9%, respectively. The income per capita in 2018 was US$ 6,025 per person. Quy Nhon has two universities: Quy Nhon University and Quang Trung University . As of 2009 they had

2091-476: The relative abundance of labour in Vijaya compared to other Champa centres of power, because processing stones for construction was more labour-intensive than the production of bricks. Vijaya was involved in various wars with neighbouring countries. Major wars were fought with Angkor (now Cambodia) in the 12th and 13th centuries. Around this time Vijaya seems to have been associated with, and at times even dominated by,

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2142-513: The site of a major port and the intersection of two national roads has further increased Bình Định's role as a gateway to the Central Highlands and access to the latter's resources. As a result, the province has received one of the highest infrastructure scores in the Provincial Competitiveness Index 2009, second only to Da Nang in central Vietnam. There are national roads with a total length of 208 km and provincial roads

2193-432: The south and Hội Sơn Lake (hồ Hội Sơn) in the centre of the province. Ilmenite reserves in Phù Cát and graphite reserves in northern Bình Định are substantial and support significant local export industries. There is also some gold in western Bình Định. Bình Định is subdivided into 11 district-level sub-divisions: They are further subdivided into 11 commune-level towns (or townlets), 116 communes, and 32 wards. With

2244-449: The sparsely populated districts of An Lão , Vĩnh Thạnh and Vân Canh . Some H're people live in An Lão and some Cham in Vân Canh. Hoài Ân 's population is mostly Kinh, but there are some remote communes that are dominated by Bahnar and H're people. A number of towers built by the Cham are now significant tourist attractions in Bình Định. The province's Tây Sơn district is also famous as

2295-632: The starting place of the Tây Sơn Uprising (and thus the Tây Sơn dynasty ). The Quang Trung Museum commemorates the event. Traditional martial arts practiced in Binh Dinh ( Võ thuật Bình Định ) has become a cultural heritage. Binh Dinh Football Club based in Quy Nhon plays in the top tier of Vietnamese football, the V.League 1 . Their home stadium is Quy Nhơn Stadium which has a capacity of 25,000. Quy Nhon Quy Nhon ( Vietnamese : Quy Nhơn Vietnamese: [kwi ɲəːŋ] )

2346-523: The total population is concentrated in Quy Nhon and the two suburban districts of An Nhơn and Tuy Phước . There is another relatively large concentration in the northern Hoài Nhơn district with a population of 206,700 (2009) and a population density of 499/km. Population density per km in the rest of the province range from 30 to 40 in Vân Canh, An Lão, and Vĩnh Thạnh to 982 in Quy Nhon. The eastern lowlands and Tây Sơn district are largely ethnically homogeneous. There are minorities of Bahnar people in

2397-639: The towns of Tuy Phước , Phú Phong to An Khê , Pleiku and Lệ Thanh border gate in Gia Lai province . This direct link from Quy Nhon to the Central Highlands and the border to Cambodia has been important for Bình Định's role as a gateway to the highlands and its industrial development, since especially the wood processing and furniture industry has relied on raw materials from the highlands, Cambodia and Laos . 70 km of National Route 19 are located in Bình Định. 74.6 percent of roads in Bình Định (including national, provincial, and district roads) are paved, which

2448-512: The west of the city along National Route 1A. Quy Nhon is a major centre of garden furniture manufacturing. It has traditionally been relying on access to wood from Bình Định's forests as well as the Central Highlands provinces of Gia Lai and Kon Tum and even as far as Cambodia 's Ratanakiri and Laos ' Attapeu province . Most of the furniture factories are located in Phu Tai Industrial Park. Several chemical enterprises that supply

2499-410: The west, there are mountains throughout the province, even near the coast. Most districts of Bình Định have a topography that is a mix of mountains or hills and lowlands. The districts of An Lão in the north-west, Vĩnh Thạnh in the west, and Vân Canh in the south-west are mostly mountainous. All other districts have some lowlands. The largest lowland area is located in the south of the province along

2550-487: Was located around this port and the main city, which was further inland. Its centre was in the southern lowland of Bình Định. However, its architecture implies that it did not become important until the eleventh or twelfth century. Vijaya's architecture also distinguishes it from other Champa centers, since it used a combination of stone and brick elements, while most other Cham structures only used bricks. This suggests some influence from Cambodian Angkor . It also points to

2601-407: Was spun off from Tuy Phước district and merged into Quy Nhon city in 2006) with a total area of 284.28 square kilometres or 109.76 square miles and a population of about 284,000 people. Quy Nhon has a tropical monsoon climate ( Am ), very close to being classified as a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen As ), with year round very warm to hot temperatures and distinct wet and dry seasons. The city

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