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29-637: The Bevo Mill area is direct to the west of the neighborhood of Dutchtown , which was a major center of German settlement in St. Louis in the mid-nineteenth century. After significant population loss in the later twentieth century, the neighborhood was revitalized in the 1990s by immigrants fleeing war in Bosnia and Croatia . Today, much of the Bevo Mill neighborhood is populated with immigrants , particularly Bosnian Americans and Croatian Americans . The St. Louis metro area

58-671: A longer time to dry after rain than hard courts. Historically for the Grand Slams grass courts have been used at Wimbledon since 1877, the US Open from 1881 to 1974, and the Australian Open from 1905 to 1987. Hard courts are made of uniform rigid material, often covered with an acrylic surface layer to offer greater consistency of bounce than other outdoor surfaces. Hard courts can vary in speed, though they are faster than clay but not as fast as grass courts. The quantity of sand added to

87-530: A number of resale shops and boutiques have clustered in the Downtown Dutchtown area along Meramec Street between South Grand Boulevard and Compton Avenue. The 17- acre Marquette Park sits in the center of the neighborhood and features a free public swimming pool , recreation center, playground, tennis courts , a renovated field house, and plenty of green space. Other parks in Dutchtown include Amberg Park at

116-512: A recreation center and the historic Marquette Park Pool . The park was named after Father Pere Marquette in 1915 and covers 17 acres (6.9 ha). Father Pere Marquette (a Jesuit priest) and Louis Jolliet were the first Europeans to explore and map the northern portion of the Mississippi River . The park is on the site of the House of Refuge orphanage. The pool was renovated and reopened

145-451: A safe, thriving neighborhood. The neighborhood was named after the Bevo Mill, a distinctive restaurant with a windmill and beer hall at Gravois and Morganford roads. The restaurant was opened by August Busch Sr. in 1917 who wished to recreate a European beer garden where drinks would be served in an outdoor atmosphere of music and dancing, like a country club in the City. Busch toured Holland for

174-527: A tennis court, each with its own characteristics which affect the playing style of the game. The dimensions of a tennis court are defined and regulated by the International Tennis Federation (ITF) governing body and are written down in the annual 'Rules of Tennis' document. The court is 78 ft (23.77 m) long. Its width is 27 ft (8.23 m) for singles matches and 36 ft (10.97 m) for doubles matches. The service line

203-461: A year prior to the mill´s erection, seeking authentic artifacts and studying Dutch windmills. A famous feature of Bevo Mill are its porcelain tile murals of idyllic scenes. They were made in Germany about 1890. It is said that Busch paid Tony Faust $ 50,000 for them after the closing of Faust´s downtown restaurant in 1916. Architects Klipstein and Rothman designed the mill in a Tudor revival style. Bevo Mill

232-433: Is 21 ft (6.40 m) from the net. Additional clear space around the court is needed in order for players to reach overrun balls for a total of 60 ft (18 m) wide and 120 ft (37 m) long. A net is stretched across the full width of the court, parallel with the baselines , dividing it into two equal ends. The net is 3 ft 6 in (1.07 m) high at the posts, and 3 ft (0.914 m) high in

261-499: Is a neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri . It is called "Dutch" from Deutsch , i.e., " German ", as it was the southern center of German-American settlement in St. Louis in the early 19th century. It was the original site of Concordia Seminary (before it relocated to Clayton, Missouri ), Concordia Publishing House , Lutheran Hospital, and other German community organizations. The German Cultural Society still has its headquarters there. St Anthony of Padua Catholic Church towers over

290-450: Is named for a malt beverage that was produced by Anheuser-Busch at the time of the Mill's opening. The Mill became a City Landmark in 1971 and is located at 4749 Gravois. It was built by Grone Construction, owned by Louis Henry Grone whose cousins owned H. Grone Brewery. It operated under the name Bevo Mill until its closure in 2009. In 2017, a restaurant and event venue named Das Bevo opened at

319-450: Is now home to an estimated 50,000 Bosnians . The influx of new immigrants has helped stem the decline in St. Louis's population. Many Bosnians have purchased homes in South St. Louis, starting new businesses, including bakeries, cafes, taverns, nightclubs, restaurants, neighborhood grocery stores, and butcher shops, stimulating the economy and transforming the area, once known for crime, into

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348-593: Is the only major to have been played on three surfaces; it was played on grass from its inception until 1974, clay from 1975 until 1977 and hard courts since it moved from the West Side Tennis Club to the National Tennis Center in 1978. ITF uses the following classification for tennis court surface types: Clay courts are made of crushed shale, stone or brick. The French Open is the only Grand Slam tournament to use clay courts. Clay courts slow down

377-723: Is used for some outdoor courts, particularly in Asia. Carpet is generally a fast surface, faster than hardcourt, with low bounce. Notable tennis tournaments previously held on carpet courts were the WCT Finals , Paris Masters , U.S. Pro Indoor and Kremlin Cup . Since 2009, their use has been discontinued on the top tier of the ATP. ATP Challenger Tour tournaments such as the Trofeo Città di Brescia still use carpet courts. The WTA Tour's last carpet court event,

406-541: The ATP World Tour and World Championship Tennis circuits, though no events currently use them. Historically, other surfaces have been used indoors such as wood courts at the defunct World Covered Court Championships and London Indoor Professional Championships . The conclusion of the Wimbledon Championships , in 2012, was played on the lawn of Centre Court under the closed roof and artificial lights;

435-629: The International -level Tournoi de Québec , was discontinued after 2018. Some tennis courts are indoors, which allows play regardless of weather conditions and is more comfortable for spectators. Different court surfaces have been used indoors. Hard courts are most common indoors, as they are the easiest to install and maintain. If the installation is permanent, they are constructed on an asphalt or concrete base, as with outdoor courts. Temporary indoor hard courts are typically constructed using wooden floor panels topped with acrylic which are installed over

464-473: The ball and produce a high bounce in comparison to grass or hard courts. For this reason, the clay court takes away many of the advantages of big serves, which makes it hard for serve-based players to dominate on the surface. Clay courts are cheaper to construct than other types of tennis courts, but a clay surface costs more to maintain. Clay courts need to be rolled to preserve flatness. The clay's water content must be balanced; green clay courts generally require

493-448: The center. Tennis is played on a variety of surfaces and each surface has its own characteristics which affect the playing style of the game. There are four main types of courts depending on the materials used for the court surface: clay courts, hard courts, grass courts and carpet courts . The International Tennis Federation (ITF) lists different surfaces and properties and classifies surfaces into one of five pace settings: Of

522-412: The center. The net posts are 3 ft (0.914 m) outside the doubles court on each side or, for a singles net, 3 ft (0.914 m) outside the singles court on each side. Based on the standard rules of tennis, the size of the court is measured to the outside of the respective baselines and sidelines . The "service" lines ("T" and the "service" line) are centered. The ball must completely miss

551-692: The courts to be sloped to allow water run-off. Clay courts are more common in Europe and Latin America than in North America, and tend to heavily favor baseline players. Historically for the Grand Slams clay courts have been used at the French Open since 1891 and the US Open from 1975 to 1977. Grass courts are the fastest type of courts in common use. They consist of grass grown on very hard-packed soil, which adds additional variables: bounces depend on how healthy

580-503: The current four Grand Slam tournaments, the Australian and US Open use hard courts, the French Open is played on clay, and Wimbledon , the only Grand Slam to have always been played on the same surface, is played on grass. The Australian Open switched from grass to hard courts in 1988 and in its early years the French championship alternated between clay and sand/rubble courts. The US Open

609-411: The first lesson on courts that are sized to fit their bodies. The ITF has mandated that official competition for children aged 10 years and under should be played on "Orange" courts 18 m (59 ft) long by 6.4 m (21 ft) wide. Competition for children under 8 years is played on "Red" courts that are 11 m (36 ft) long and 5.5 m (18 ft) wide. The net is always 0.8 m high in

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638-452: The grass is, how recently it has been mowed, and the wear and tear of recent play. Points are usually very quick where fast, low bounces keep rallies short, and the serve plays a more important role than on other surfaces. Grass courts tend to favour serve-and-volley tennis players. Grass courts were once among the most common tennis surfaces, but are now rare due to high maintenance costs, as they must be watered and mown often, and take

667-533: The line to be considered "out". This also means that the width of the line (except for the center service line) is irrelevant to play. The center service line is 2 in (5 cm), the other lines are between 1 and 2 in (3 and 5 cm) wide, whereas the baseline may be up to 4 in (10 cm) wide. The ITF's Play and Stay campaign promotes playing on smaller courts with slower red, orange, and green balls for younger children. This gives children more time and control so they can serve, rally, and score from

696-467: The location. The restaurant and venue remain in operation today with a weekend dining schedule. In 2020, Bevo Mill's racial makeup was 58.3% White, 20.6% Black, 0.6% Native American, 4.8% Asian, 9.9% Two or More Races, and 5.7% Some Other Race. 11.6% of Bevo Mill's population was of Hispanic or Latino origin. 38°34′54″N 90°16′02″W  /  38.5816°N 90.2672°W  / 38.5816; -90.2672 Dutchtown, St. Louis Dutchtown

725-682: The neighborhood and is a symbol of the neighborhood. While the influence of the German settlers remains, Dutchtown rapidly began to diversify in the 1990s. Half of Dutchtown residents today are Black, and significant numbers of Latinos, Asians, and other immigrants call the neighborhood home as well. Dutchtown is home to long-standing, locally famous purveyors of sweets: the South Grand location of locally famous chain Ted Drewes frozen custard stand, as well as Merb's Candies and Dad's Cookies. More recently,

754-717: The paint can greatly affect the rate at which the ball slows down. The US Open is played on Laykold while the Australian Open is played on GreenSet , both acrylic-topped hard court surfaces. Historically for the Grand Slams hard courts have been used at the US Open since 1978 and the Australian Open since 1988. "Carpet" in tennis means any removable court covering. Indoor arenas store rolls of rubber-backed court surfacing and install it temporarily for tennis events, but they are not in use any more for professional events. A short piled form of artificial turf infilled with sand

783-420: The summer of 2015. 38°34′52″N 90°14′47″W  /  38.5812°N 90.2465°W  / 38.5812; -90.2465 Tennis court A tennis court is the venue where the sport of tennis is played. It is a firm rectangular surface with a low net stretched across the centre. The same surface can be used to play both doubles and singles matches. A variety of surfaces can be used to create

812-494: The venue's standard floor. This is the system used for modern indoor professional events such as the ATP Finals . Clay courts can be installed indoors with subsurface watering systems to keep the clay from drying out, and have been used for Davis Cup matches. Carpet courts were once the most prominent of indoor surfaces, especially in temporary venues, but have largely been replaced by removable hard courts. They were used on both

841-457: The west end of the neighborhood, and Laclede Park and Minnie Wood Memorial Square to the east. In 2020, the neighborhood was 50.7% Black, 26.0% White, 7.0% Asian, 0.5% Native American, 0% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 8.3% Two or More Races, and 7.3% Some Other Race. 12.1% of the population was of Hispanic or Latino origin. Marquette Park is a historic park in Dutchtown It is home to

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