Bernburg (Saale) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt , Germany, capital of the Salzlandkreis district. The former residence of the Anhalt-Bernburg princes is known for its Renaissance castle.
20-642: The town centre is situated in the fertile Magdeburg Börde lowland on the Saale river, approx. 40 km (25 mi) downstream from Halle and 45 km (28 mi) up stream from Magdeburg . It is dominated by the huge Bernburg Castle featuring a museum as well as a popular, recently updated bear pit in its moat. The municipal area comprises the town Bernburg proper and eight Ortschaften or municipal divisions: Aderstedt (incorporated in 2003), Baalberge , Biendorf , Gröna , Peißen , Poley , Preußlitz , and Wohlsdorf , all incorporated on 1 January 2010. Bernburg
40-515: A 782 deed and again in 806 as Waladala in the chronicles of Moissac Abbey ; the village church dedicated to St Stephen first appeared in 964, the nowadays building dates from around 1150. Bernburg itself was first mentioned as civitas Brandanburg in a 961 deed issued by King Otto I of Germany . According to the Annalista Saxo , Berneburch Castle, then a possession of the Ascanian prince Albert
60-771: A part of Saxony-Anhalt; the boundary here is generally reckoned to be coincident with the river Ohre and the Mittelland Canal . In any case, the Flechtingen Hills south of the Ohre only partly belong to the Magdeburg Börde. Its eastern boundary is mainly defined by the Elbe with the Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve and the lower Saale river, though several villages east of Magdeburg also consider themselves as part of
80-412: Is twinned with: Date of award All appointments of honorary citizens and the like from 1933 to 1945 were annulled. Magdeburg B%C3%B6rde The Magdeburg Börde ( German : Magdeburger Börde ) is the central landscape unit of the state of Saxony-Anhalt and lies to the west and south of the eponymous state capital Magdeburg . Part of a loess belt stretching along the southeastern rim of
100-537: Is a stop on the scenic Romanesque Road ( Strasse der Romanik ). Type fossil of temnospondyl amphibian Trematosaurus brauni was found in the Late Olenekian (Lower Triassic ) deposits of Merkel's Quarry, near Bernburg. Several archaeological sites in the area refer to the Walternienburg-Bernburg Culture , a mid-neolithic funnelbeaker culture from about 3200 to 2800 BC. Agriculture on
120-718: Is linked west to the Dortmund–Ems Canal via the Coastal Canal . It is linked east at Bremerhaven to the Elbe . A large reservoir, the Edersee , on the Eder , the main tributary of the Fulda, is used to allow enough water depth for shipping year-round. The dam, built in 1914, was bombed and severely damaged by British aircraft in May 1943, causing great destruction and about 70 deaths downstream. It
140-781: The North German Plain , it is noted for its very fertile Chernozem soils. The boundaries of the Magdeburg Börde are quite ill-defined. In the west, it borders on the East Brunswick hill country stretching from the Hildesheim Börde in Lower Saxony up to the Hohes Holz forest and the town of Oschersleben on the confluence of the Bode river and the Großer Graben canal. According to
160-407: The Saale glaciation period with individual outcrops of older rock. This older bedrock and loose morainic debris is mostly obscured by a covering of wind-blown loess . The area has very fertile soils (partly of black earth ), on which sugar beet and wheat are the main crops. In 1934 the soil in the old municipality of Eickendorf (today Bördeland ) was given a soil value of 100, which made it
180-691: The Werra (a dialectal form of Weser ), is 744 km (462 mi) long and thus, the longest river entirely situated within Germany (the Main , however, is the longest if the Weser and Werra are not combined). The Weser itself is 452 km (281 mi) long. The Werra rises in Thuringia , the German state south of the main projection (tongue) of Lower Saxony. "Weser" and "Werra" are
200-609: The confluence of the Werra and Fulda . It passes through the Hanseatic city of Bremen . Its mouth is 50 km (31 mi) further north against the ports of Bremerhaven and Nordenham . The latter is on the Butjadingen Peninsula . It then merges into the North Sea via two highly saline , estuarine mouths. It connects to the canal network running east–west across the North German Plain . The river, when combined with
220-495: The Bear , was set on fire by his enemies in 1138. In 1252 the rebuilt castle became the residence of Albert's great-grandson Prince Bernhard I of Anhalt-Bernburg . In the Nazi era during World War II , a wing of the town's mental hospital was used for the so-called T-4 Euthanasia Programme . The site today houses a memorial to commemorate the suffering of more than 14,000 victims. Bernburg
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#1732856129224240-581: The Börde. Its transition to Mansfeld Land to the southeast is also gradual. While in the south, the lower Bode river downstream of Oschersleben forms the border, the adjacent northern foothills of the Harz mountains, east of the Selke river, are occasionally also considered part of the Magdeburg Börde. The landscape is gently undulating and largely treeless. The underlying terrain mainly comprises loose morainic material from
260-667: The confluence of the Fulda and the Werra. It then runs down to the Porta Westfalica between two high hill ranges, the Wiehengebirge , west and the Weserbergland in the east. Between Minden and the North Sea, humans have largely canalised the river up to a limit of 1,200-ton ships. Eight hydroelectric dams stand at the ends of adjacent weirstreams that make up the river. The navigation
280-682: The fertile Loess soil was already common in prehistoric times. Around 150 AD, a local settlement named Luppia was mentioned in the Geography by Ptolemy . In the Early Middle Ages, the Saale river marked the border between the German stem duchies in the west and the lands of the Polabian Slavs in the east. The present-day borough of Waldau (which became part of Bernburg in 1871) was first mentioned in
300-537: The northeastern Harz foothills. In the Magdeburg Börde traditionally a variant of the West Low German (Low Saxon) dialect, Bördeplatt , is spoken, though the number of speakers is declining. 52°10′20″N 11°26′20″E / 52.17222°N 11.43889°E / 52.17222; 11.43889 Weser The Weser ( pronounced [ˈveːzɐ] ) is a river of Lower Saxony in north-west Germany . It begins at Hannoversch Münden through
320-519: The ports of Bremerhaven , Nordenham , and Bremen . The Alte Weser Lighthouse marks the northernmost point of the Weser. This replaced the Roter Sand Lighthouse in 1964. The largest tributary of the Weser is the Aller , which joins south of Bremen. Tributaries of the Weser and the Werra (from source to mouth) are: Modes of the list: List: Main towns along the Weser are (from the head of
340-766: The recent editions of the Handbook of the Natural Region Divisions of Germany , the western border north of Oschersleben roughly coincides with the Weser - Elbe watershed along the Druxberge hills. To the northwest, the basin of the Beber river marks the border with the Drömling nature park near Oebisfelde . To the north, the Börde borders on the Altmark ( Letzlingen Heath), being also
360-640: The richest soil in Germany, and it was used until the division of Germany in 1945 as a yardstick for the quality of German soils. The Magdeburg Börde lies in the rain shadow of the Harz Mountains and is consequently one of the driest regions of Germany, albeit not the warmest or sunniest. The highest elevation on the Magdeburg Börde is the Großer Wartberg near Niederndodeleben with a height of 145.7 m. Major settlements include Wanzleben , Irxleben , and Egeln , as well as Staßfurt and Aschersleben in
380-960: The same words in different dialects. The difference reflects the old linguistic border between Central and Low German , passing through Hannoversch Münden. The name likely derives from the Old Germanic *waisōn "flow, ooze". It is cognate with the Wear in England and Vistula (Polish Wisła, German Weichsel) in Poland, all of which are derived from the Proto-Indo-European root * weys- "to flow", which also gives rise to Old English/Old Frisian wāse "mud, ooze", Old Norse veisa "slime, stagnant pool", Dutch waas "haze; soggy land" (see Waasland ), Old Saxon waso "wet ground, mire", Old High German wasal "rain" and French vase "mud, sludge". The Weser starts at
400-481: Was rebuilt within four months. The reservoir is a major summer resort area. Turbines driven by its sluices provide electricity . The Weser enters the North Sea in the southernmost part of the German Bight . In the sea it splits into two arms – the riverbed at the end of the last ice age . These sea arms are called Alte Weser (old Weser) and Neue Weser (new Weser). They are the waterways for ships heading for
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