10-643: The Beltsville Small White is a modern American breed of domestic turkey . It was developed from 1934 at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center of the United States Department of Agriculture in Beltsville, Maryland , and was named for that town and for its physical characteristics — small size and white plumage. It enjoyed a brief period of commercial success in the mid-twentieth century, but numbers then declined sharply; in
20-625: A pale cream color; they may show some spotting. This poultry article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . List of turkey breeds Turkey breeds are reported to the DAD-IS breed database of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations by more than sixty countries. The breeds reported include commercial/industrial strains, local types and recognised breeds in many countries. Twenty breeds are reported to DAD-IS by
30-1963: The Entente Européenne or simply EE , is a European organisation of breeders of poultry , pigeons , rabbits , guinea-pigs and cage-birds . It was founded in Brussels on 18 June 1938 as the Entente des Commissions Internationales ; the founding members were from Belgium, France, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. It is now based in Luxembourg . It represents some 2.5 million members from 31 countries. It sometimes uses an alternative name: French : Association Européenne pour l'Elevage de Volailles, de Pigeons, d'Oiseaux, de Lapins et de Cobayes German : Europäischer Verband für Geflügel-, Tauben-, Vogel-, Kaninchen- und Caviazucht European Association of Poultry, Pigeon, Cage Bird, Rabbit and Cavy Breeders. References [ edit ] ^ 75 Jahre EE – Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture (in German). Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Archived 15 February 2015. ^ [s.n.] (2015). EE-Documentation . Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture. Accessed April 2018. ^ Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture . European Association of Poultry, Pigeon, Cage Bird, Rabbit and Cavy Breeders. Accessed April 2018 Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Entente_Européenne_d%27Aviculture_et_de_Cuniculture&oldid=1253126778 " Categories : Organisations based in Luxembourg Animal breeding organizations Aviculture Leporidae Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
40-1071: The Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture . Others with breed standards of European national associations are accepted. Other varieties not recognized by the APA or EE include the following: Entente Europ%C3%A9enne d%27Aviculture et de Cuniculture European organisation of animal breeders Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture [REDACTED] Abbreviation EE Formation 18 June 1938 ( 1938-06-18 ) Type International association Purpose Association for breeders of poultry, pigeons, cage birds, rabbits and guinea-pigs Headquarters Berchem , Luxembourg Region served Europe Membership 2.5 million Website entente-ee .com Formerly called Entente des Commissions Internationales The Entente Européenne d'Aviculture et de Cuniculture , usually known as
50-830: The Small White was a cross of the Bronze , White Holland , White Austrian, Black , and wild turkeys. Two years later, the Broad Breasted Bronze was introduced as well. The new breed was characterized by early maturity, more breast meat, high hatchability, and an adequate size for smaller ovens and families. The breed was used commercially in the 1940s and was recognized officially by the American Poultry Association in 1951. Commercial production of Small Whites began in 1947 and increased to about 28 percent (or 19,000,000 of 67,693,000) of turkeys produced in 1954. However, in
60-513: The United States. Eight of them are recognised by the American Poultry Association in its breed standard , the American Standard of Perfection , where however they are classified as "varieties" rather than as breeds. This may be because the original genotype for domestic turkeys was for Bronze, and all other color varieties are due to mutations from it. Twelve breeds are recognized by
70-500: The following years, production slowly declined in favor of larger white strains to about 9 percent (9,000,000 of 93,370,000) of turkeys raised in 1963. In 1964, light breed turkeys (presumed to be Beltsville Whites or of similar breeding) saw a slight increase to 11 percent, but in the following years, saw a continued decline. Since the Beltsville Small white was explicitly developed for smaller households, its size could not fulfill
80-543: The shift in consumer demand for larger turkeys; precisely the demand of commercial food processors and restaurants in need of larger breasted turkeys. By the 1970s, it had nearly disappeared, with the Broad Breasted White rising to prominence to meet consumer needs. Beltsville Small Whites are extremely rare today and are listed as Critical by the American Livestock Conservancy . In more recent years,
90-518: The twenty-first century it is an endangered breed , and may be considered a heritage turkey breed. Development for the Small White began in the 1930s in response to market research that said consumers wanted a turkey of small to medium size with no dark pinfeathers and more white meat. In 1934, the Beltsville Research Center started a seven-year breeding and research program; led by Stanley J. Marsden and lasting until 1941. Initially,
100-665: The variety has seen a revival of interest specifically for those interested in heritage turkey breeds, including a research flock at Iowa State University and efforts to locate and conserve remnant flocks in the United States and Canada. However, the acquisition of Small Whites for home flocks remains rare. Small Whites have entirely white plumage, with a red to blueish-white head, black beard, horn-colored beak, and dark brown eyes. Their shanks and toes are typically pinkish white. Weights range from approximately 17 to 21 lb (7.7 to 9.5 kg) for toms, and about 10 to 17 lb (4.5 to 7.7 kg) for hens. The eggs vary from mid-brown to
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