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37-500: The commune of Bellou is situated 18 kilometres from Lisieux , in the Pays d'Auge . The Manoir de Bellou , built in 1720, and its 16th-century dovecote , have been registered as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture since 1923. Its cider press building with its machinery and cellar were added to the register in 2004. This Calvados geographical article is

74-565: A stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lisieux Lisieux ( French: [lizjø] ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France . It is the capital of the Pays d'Auge area, which is characterised by valleys and hedged farmland. The name of the town derives from the Latin : Noviomagus Lexoviorum ("Noviomagus of

111-464: A centre for high society and celebrities. With scenes of award-winning movies being filmed in Deauville (such as Claude Lelouch 's " un Homme et une Femme ") and consistent celebrity traffic, the town has renewed its status as an emblematic resort town of Europe. The first reference to Deauville was in 1060. At this time the village was called A Enilla and resembled a fishing hamlet. "A Enilla" comes from

148-437: A complete contrast with the busy and noisy Trouville. But this lack of life is, in reality, only apparent, because the magnificent properties, and their delicious gardens, are maintained with a care that could not be more refined." In 1855 land was being bought at 5 centimes /m ; in 1862 the same land was worth 1 franc /m , representing the transition from marsh to buildable land. It was in 1858 that doctor Oliffe, who owned

185-546: A heavy toll on Deauville's blossoming market and trade sector, as merchants were forced to dedicate many of their products to the war effort. The combination of the national financial crisis and World War II ensured Deauville would not regain its stature as a resort town until the 1950s. During the Second World War, the German Army occupied Deauville. Villas, hotels, and the casino were all occupied or used to some extent by

222-519: A small casino. Within three years, over forty villas were constructed in the surrounding area, and 200 rooms, as well as other accommodations, were finalized in the Grand Hotel. the Duc de Morny also established the construction of a church and a school in 1863. In the same year, "La Terrasse" was created. La Terrasse was a complex for hydrotherapeutic baths and other cures, as well as a 1,800-metre promenade along

259-496: A temperate oceanic humid climate. The town of Lisieux is served by a bus network called Lexobus, with 6 routes. The town is also linked to surrounding towns and villages by a network of buses; Bus Verts du Calvados . The main railway station, Lisieux station , which is the connecting station between the Paris-Cherbourg and Paris-Trouville/Deauville main lines, is served by Transport express régional (regional express) trains on

296-524: A villa in Trouville , decided to create a "town of pleasure" on the sand dunes and in 1862 the first stone of today's Deauville was laid. Together with banker Armand Donon , the duc bought 2.4 square kilometres of marsh and dunes for 800,000 francs. The Touques was still unchannelled but during the Second Empire the low tides permitted the construction of walls. In the 1860s visits by Napoleon III made

333-505: A working class fishing village and Deauville, being home to exclusive shops and expensive real estate. The locked harbour was excavated in 1866. Deauville was left mostly unscathed during the First World War. It was during World War II and German Occupation that Deauville saw most of its leisure properties confiscated for use by the occupying force. During the 1960s, Deauville started to see more mass-market visitors. Nonetheless,

370-557: Is buried in the Lady Chapel of the cathedral. Lisieux is situated on the confluence of the river Touques and many of its tributaries: the rivers Orbiquet, Cirieux and Graindain. The town is in the heart of the Pays d'Auge , of which it is the capital. Lisieux is therefore surrounded by Normandy's typical hedged farmland, where there is a mix of livestock farming (mostly milk cows) and cider apple cultivation (from which cider and calvados are made, not forgetting pommeau ). Lisieux has

407-593: Is held in mid-August each year at Deauville. Deauville is internationally known for its horse culture, its famous tracks, Yearling sales and its multiple Group One annual races. The two famous tracks of Deauville are Deauville la Touques and Clairefontaine: these tracks are active during the months of January, July, August, October, and December. The three most important races that occur in Deauville ever year are Le Maurice de Gheest , Le Jacques le Marois , and Le Morny . More recently, Le Prix d'Astarte , (Prix Rothschild) and Le Prix Romanet have gained more prestige in

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444-594: Is perhaps most well-known for its role in Proust's In Search of Lost Time . The history of Deauville can be traced back to 1060, when seigneur Hubert du Mont-Canisy controlled the land, which was previously known as Auevilla. In 1066, Hubert du Mont-Canisy left to follow William the Conqueror to England. Until 1860, Deauville was led by a series of mayors and slowly gained renown for its horse farming and for cultivating sainfoin . Duc Charles Auguste Louis Joseph de Morny ,

481-855: The Germanic "Auwja Auwa", meaning wet meadow . The village was originally up on a hill and a few houses were built next to the St. Laurent chapel. Thanks to its situation near the coast, the village had a small harbour of little importance on the river Touques . Deauville owes its greater prominence to the Duc de Morny . He described the village as: Cité calme, aux rue désertes, elle forme avec Trouville, animée et bruyante, un contraste absolu. Mais ce manque de vie n'est, en réalité, qu'apparent, car de magnifiques propriétés, de même que les délicieux jardins qui les entourent, sont entretnus avec un soin on ne peut plus raffiné. In English: "A quiet town, with deserted streets, it forms

518-606: The Lexovii "). The town was originally known in Celtic as Novio Magos ("New Field", "New Market"), which was Latinized as Noviomagus . Owing to the large number of similarly named cities, however, it was necessary to specify where this one was located. The local French demonym Lexoviens derives from the Latin as well. Lisieux was the capital of the Lexovii. In his work, Commentaries on

555-602: The Carmel or monastery where Thérèse lived, but the remainder of the building is closed to visitors. As its name indicates, the Château de Saint-Germain-de-Livet is situated in the commune of Saint-Germain-de-Livet . It is to be found opposite the village church which dates from the 19th century. The château has been owned by the town of Lisieux since 1958 when it was donated by the Riesener family. From an architectural point of view

592-642: The Festival celebrated its 40th year. Home to the Deauville-La Touques Racecourse , the countryside around Deauville is the main horse breeding region in France and home to numerous stud farms. As a result, the city is twinned with Lexington, Kentucky and County Kildare in Ireland, both of which are world leaders in breeding thoroughbred racehorses . The important Ventes de Deauville yearling auction

629-559: The Gallic War , Caesar mentions a Gallic oppidum , a term which refers to Celtic towns located on the tops of hills. The oppidum has been pinpointed to a place referred to as le Castellier , located 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) to the southwest of the town. However the Gallo-Roman city was in fact located where Lisieux is to be found today. Lisieux was an important center of power in medieval times. The bishopric of Lisieux controlled most of

666-499: The German forces. Following the invasion of allied forces on D-Day , the German troops were pushed out of Deauville and Normandy. Following the war, Deauville leaned into its reputation for myth and exclusivity. Michel d'Ornano was established as the new mayor and Lucien Barriere succeeded his uncle Francois André at the head of the Hotels and Casinos of Deauville, and the town again became

703-520: The Pays d'Auge by the 12th century. King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine are thought to have married at Lisieux in 1152, and the town remained powerful for several centuries afterwards, until, in the 14th century, the triple scourges of the Plague , war and resulting famine devastated Lisieux and reduced its influence. The main judge of Joan of Arc, Pierre Cauchon , became a bishop of Lisieux after Joan's death, and

740-576: The TER Normandie routes. The station appeared in the film Un singe en hiver by Henri Verneuil . There is another station on the line to Deauville: Le Grand-Jardin station . To reach the town by car, the D613 (formerly route nationale 13) from Paris to Cherbourg crosses the town from east to west. The second main road serving Lisieux is the D579, leading to Deauville to the north and the department of Orne to

777-416: The aristocracy that staying on the coast would benefit their health. Land was bought and large villas or even palaces were built. A casino and hotels soon followed, and rich tourists came in numbers. A common old joke among locals is that the wealthy bourgeoisie Frenchmen would keep their wife in Deauville and their mistress in Trouville , making light of the disparate socioeconomic statuses of Trouville, being

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814-510: The building were constructed in the 18th century (the chevet , the lantern tower and the western façade) in Norman style. It is wrongly claimed that Henry Plantagenet , Count of Anjou , Duke of Normandy and future king of England, married Eleanor of Aquitaine at the cathedral in 1152; they married in Poitiers Cathedral . Having been involved in the trial of Joan of Arc , Pierre Cauchon

851-451: The cathedral has been around since the 6th century, the church of today must have been constructed between 1160 and 1230 by Bishop Arnoul. From the outset, the architect designed quadripartite rib vaults and flying buttresses, making it one of Normandy's first Gothic buildings. The nave is fairly austere and is inspired by the Gothic style of the Île de France , whereas the most recent parts of

888-459: The château comprises a half-timbered manor dating from the 15th century and a glazed brick and stone building from the Pré-d'Auge dating from the end of the 16th century. The chateau combines medieval and Renaissance elements and is surrounded by a moat and a peacock garden. Lisieux Cathedral ( Cathédrale Saint-Pierre ) is a rare monument which survived the 1944 allied bombardment. Even though

925-573: The closest seaside resort to Paris, Deauville is one of the most notable seaside resorts in France. The city and its region of the Côte Fleurie ( Flowery Coast ) have long been home to the French upper class 's seaside houses and is often referred to as the Parisian riviera . Since the 19th century, the town of Deauville has been a fashionable holiday resort for the international upper class. In France, it

962-451: The coast of Normandy adjacent to Deauville fashionable, and soon speculators developed the infrastructure necessary to accommodate members of the Imperial court and the growing Parisian bourgeoisie. The railway arrived at Trouville-sur-Mer in 1863. Using Trouville station , passengers could reach Deauville in six hours from Paris. Morny , who had influence at Court, had a hand in persuading

999-452: The half brother of the emperor Napoleon III , transformed Deauville into a more travelled resort on request of his wife Sofia Sergeyevna Trubetskaya and her friend, art collector Konstantin Rudanovsky . Before the death of the Duc in 1865, certain key investments were made that would transform Deauville's history, including a railway from Paris to Deauville, the Deauville hippodrome , and

1036-687: The new name of "Bayeux and Lisieux". The best-known of the Bishops of Lisieux is Pierre Cauchon , who had a decisive influence during the trial of Joan of Arc . He is buried in Lisieux Cathedral . Devotion to Sainte-Thérèse also known as St. Teresa of the Child Jesus who lived in the nearby Carmelite convent has made Lisieux France's second-most important site of pilgrimage, after the Pyrenean town of Lourdes . Sainte-Thérèse de Lisieux died in 1897, she

1073-610: The racing world. Le Grand Prix de Deauville , though not a Group One race, remains very prestigious; since its origin the winner's names and emblems are posted on the walls of the grand hall of the race track. Today Deauville also hosts competitions other than racing. These competitions include polo tournaments, horse shows , and the European Championship of Miniature Horses. Weekend Wives, 1928 The Prix de Deauville for songs and books are awarded in April annually. The song prize

1110-430: The sales of yearlings saw historic highs, and up to 62 English and French yachts occupied the basin. During these years many luxury boutiques opened in the streets of Deauville, including Coco Chanel 's first shop; many stores from Paris decided it was worthwhile establishing themselves in the up-and-coming resort. During World War I , wounded soldiers would be cared for in Deauville's hotels and casino. The war also took

1147-429: The seaside. Following the Duc's death, Deauville grew gradually, but it was not until the early 20th century when Désiré le Hoc and Eugene Cornuché, pushed Deauville into another period of transformation and development. The still-famous Normandy Barrière and Royal hotels and the casino opened in the years 1911 and 1913. Renovations were carried out and extensions were made to the hippodrome, telephone lines were set up,

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1184-517: The south. Lisieux benefits from a bypass, built in the 1990s, running to the south of the town, easing traffic in the town-centre, particularly on boulevard Sainte-Anne. Since the Middle Ages Lisieux has been the seat of one of the seven Roman Catholic dioceses of Normandy under the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical province of Rouen . The bishopric was abolished in 1801 before being recreated and merged with that of Bayeux in 1855, under

1221-585: The summer season, Lucien Barriere and Michel d'Ornano agreed to sponsor Lionel Chouchan and Andre Halimi's idea of a film festival that specifically promoted American films, including both big-budget and independent features. The festival was established in 1975 and The Reincarnation of Peter Proud was the first film to be shown in the festival's history. Since then, the festival has continued to promote American cinematography and bring American and European stars to Normandy. The festival, not known for its competitive nature, began to hand out awards in 1995. In 2014

1258-494: The town and the surrounding coastline still contain high-profile seaside resorts, haven for the rich and famous as well as for the more discreet families of French high society such as the Rothschilds , who own a Norman manor near Deauville. Today, Deauville is easily accessible from Paris, in large part due to the extension of highway A132. From 26–27 May 2011, Deauville hosted the 37th G8 summit . In an effort to prolong

1295-411: The town was destroyed in 1944, so few of the monuments have been preserved. The Basilica of Sainte-Thérèse de Lisieux was constructed in honour of Sainte-Thérèse de Lisieux , who was beatified in 1923 and canonized in 1925. It was built for pilgrims who came in increasing numbers to venerate the new saint in the town where she had lived and died. It is possible to visit the chapel and exterior of

1332-478: Was canonized in 1925 and named a doctor of the church by Pope John Paul II in 1997. List of everyone who has held the position of Mayor of Lisieux: Lisieux is twinned with: As of 2017 , Lisieux is Calvados' third largest commune in terms of population, after Caen and Hérouville-Saint-Clair. Its functional urban area of 55,168 inhabitants is the second largest of the department, after Caen. The inhabitants of Lisieux are known as Lexoviens . About 60 percent of

1369-589: Was named as Bishop of Lisieux in 1432 and is buried there. The town hall (18th century) was formerly a private residence. French formal garden of the former Bishop's residence, designed by Andre le Notre , recreated in 1837. Deauville Deauville ( French pronunciation: [dovil] ) is a commune in the Calvados department, Normandy , northwestern France. Major attractions include its harbour , race course , marinas, conference centre, villas, Grand Casino , and hotels. The first Deauville Asian Film Festival took place in 1999. As

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