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62-526: The Belfast metropolitan area , also known as Greater Belfast , is a grouping of council areas which include commuter towns and overspill from Belfast , Northern Ireland , with a population of 671,559 in 2011 and 704,406 in 2021. The area combines the Belfast , Lisburn , Newtownabbey , North Down , Castlereagh and Carrickfergus districts from before the local government reorganization of 2014. This equates to 37.1% of Northern Ireland's population. The area

124-458: A franglais interpretation of "The Beautiful City". On July 29, 1797, Jefferson County was organized by a proclamation of Governor Arthur St. Clair , and Steubenville was selected as the county seat. It was platted in the same year by Bezaliel Wells and James Ross , the city's co-founders. Wells, a government surveyor born in Baltimore , received about 1,000 acres (4 km ) of land west of

186-619: A steel welder . Live entertainment and a German-style Advent Market featuring local artisans and craftsmen, as well as hot food and drink vendors, runs each weekend through the month of December in Fort Steuben Park to coincide with the Nutcracker Village event. The popularity of the Nutcracker Village since its inception has inspired other nutcracker-themed ventures in the City of Steubenville, including Drosselmeyer's Nutcracker Shoppe,

248-640: A Christmas-themed festival, the Steubenville Nutcracker Village and Advent Market. The event is centered around a large collection life-size nutcracker sculptures spread throughout Fort Steuben Park in downtown Steubenville. The Nutcracker Village is free and open to the public 24 hours a day and generally runs from the Tuesday before Thanksgiving to Epiphany Sunday in early January. The event began in 2015 with 37 locally produced, hand-painted nutcrackers. They are made of fiberglass and foam at

310-612: A March 2022 guide from the Climate Receiver Places Project at the PLACE initiative, Steubenville is a climate resilient geography based on its relatively low climate change risk exposure. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Steubenville has a humid continental climate , abbreviated "Dfa" on climate maps. The city's population peaked in 1940 at 37,651. After large declines for many decades,

372-481: A family was $ 36,597. Males had a median income of $ 36,416 versus $ 21,819 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,830. About 15.3% of families and 20.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 29.2% of those under the age of 18 and 11.0% of those aged 65 and older. Like most cities of comparable age and size, Steubenville has well-established Catholic , Eastern Orthodox , Protestant and, until 2013, Jewish communities. Steubenville

434-419: A local business. Design and production takes about 40 hours each. In the second year, there were a total of 75 nutcrackers; by 2023, there were 209 around town. Each of the nutcrackers, which range in height from 5 to 9 feet (1.5 to 2.7 m) tall is unique, and the designs include fictional characters from books, movies, comic strips, and songs, holiday characters like Mrs. Claus , and professions, such as

496-583: A principal city of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area , which had a 2020 population of 116,903 residents. Steubenville's nickname is the "City of Murals", after its more than 25 downtown murals. The campus of Franciscan University of Steubenville is in the city. Historically, it was known as the birthplace and home town of Edwin Stanton , Secretary of War during the American Civil War . It

558-630: A result, the city's police force became the second city in the United States to sign a consent decree with the federal government due to an excessive number of civil rights lawsuits. The decree was signed on September 4, 1997, under the "pattern or practice" provision. Under this agreement, the city agreed to improve the training of its police officers, implement new guidelines and procedures, establish an internal affairs unit, and establish an "early warning system". Based on reformed use of force policies and improved police training requirements implemented by

620-616: A series of street festivals called First Fridays on Fourth to build community and generate interest and economic activity downtown. More recently there have been several new businesses opened Downtown on 4th Street, including Drosselmeyer’s Nutcracker Shoppe, Leonardo’s Coffeehouse and the Steubenville Popcorn Co. The new Findlay Connector has been built in western Pennsylvania as a toll-access highway between Pittsburgh International Airport at Interstate 376 and U.S. Route 22 in northwestern Washington County . Travel time between

682-611: A tribute to the Ohio Valley Steelworkers . The life-size figure carries a long-handled dipping ladle and is wearing the hooded fire-proof suit worn in the steel mills. The statue was located at the junction of Hwy 22 (University Blvd) and Hwy 7 (Dean Martin Blvd). In the fall of 2014, the statue was moved to its new home, displayed on South Fourth Street at the site of the Public Library of Steubenville and Jefferson County. There

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744-491: A year-round Christmas shop in downtown Steubenville, and Wooden Hearts Follies , a locally-written and performed musical centered around characters from the event. The Nutcracker Village attracted over 40,000 visitors in 2017 and is credited with bringing new life to Steubenville's downtown area. Between 1887 and 1913, a team known as the Steubenville Stubs sparsely played minor league baseball at various times in

806-453: Is a city in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Ohio , United States. Located along the Ohio River 33 miles (53 km) west of Pittsburgh , it had a population of 18,161 at the 2020 census . The city's name is derived from Fort Steuben , a 1786 fort that sat within the city's current limits and was named for Prussian military officer Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben . It is

868-639: Is a statue downtown commemorating Edwin Stanton , President Abraham Lincoln 's secretary of war . Stanton was born and raised in Steubenville. Actor, singer and comedian Dean Martin was born and raised in Steubenville, and the town features an annual Dean Martin Festival and a Dean Martin Room at the Jefferson County Historical Museum and Library. Steubenville has two public lending libraries,

930-652: Is contained within these six districts, is defined as the Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area . The Belfast metropolitan urban area had a population of 579,276 in 2001 and a population of 626,339 in 2021, or 89% of the total population of the metropolitan area. The area is made up of established towns, their overspill and the general conjoining of settlements as Belfast expands. Established towns include Carrickfergus , Bangor , Lisburn and Holywood . Many of these towns were established and important long before Belfast rose to prominence; Carrickfergus, for example,

992-533: Is home to the Franciscan University of Steubenville , a private university affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church founded in 1946. Eastern Gateway Community College was a public community college located in the city from 1968 to 2024. On July 24, 2012, after being threatened with a lawsuit from the atheist Freedom from Religion Foundation , the Steubenville city council decided to remove

1054-530: Is known as the city where legendary entertainer Dean Martin of the Rat Pack was born and raised. It has recently attracted attention for the Steubenville Nutcracker Village, an annual Christmastime event. In 1786–87, soldiers of the First American Regiment under Major Jean François Hamtramck built Fort Steuben to protect the government surveyors mapping the land west of the Ohio River , and named

1116-476: Is land and 0.08 square miles (0.21 km ) is water. The city lies along the Ohio River , with the city spreading west from the floodplains to the hills that surround the city. It lies within the ecoregion of the Western Allegheny Plateau . The climate in this area is characterized by hot summers and relatively cold winters and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. As detailed in

1178-543: Is quite different from North American commuter towns that are almost exclusively the result of transportation by car. Where commuters are wealthier and small town housing markets are weaker than city housing markets, the development of a bedroom community may raise local housing prices and attract upscale service businesses in a process akin to gentrification . Long-time residents may be displaced by new commuter residents due to rising house prices. This can also be influenced by zoning restrictions in urbanized areas that prevent

1240-484: Is served by the Indian Creek Local School District . Several private schools are located in Steubenville. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Steubenville operates Bishop John King Mussio Central Elementary School, Bishop John King Mussio Central Junior High School and Steubenville Catholic Central High School . Steubenville shares a media market with nearby Wheeling, West Virginia . The city is home to

1302-610: Is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Steubenville . Holy Name Church was selected as the diocesan cathedral in 1944 when the southeastern part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Columbus was made into the Diocese of Steubenville. Recent financial difficulties resulted in a proposal to re-merge the diocese with the Columbus diocese, but the proposal proved very contentious and has been tabled for further study. Steubenville and

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1364-635: The Brookings Institution in 2006, the term is generally used for areas beyond suburbs and specifically less densely built than the suburbs to which the exurbs' residents commute. Comparatively low density towns – often featuring large lots and large homes – create heavy motor vehicle dependency . "They begin as embryonic subdivisions of a few hundred homes at the far edge of beyond, surrounded by scrub. Then, they grow – first gradually, but soon with explosive force – attracting stores, creating jobs and struggling to keep pace with

1426-513: The Carnegie Library of Steubenville and Schiappa Branch Library . Steubenville's nickname is the "City of Murals", because there are more than 25 downtown murals. There are numerous murals, markers and a walking tour in Steubenville, many paying homage to Dean Martin. There is also a mural Washington Street dedicated to two Tuskegee Airmen who were brothers, John Ellis Edwards and Jerome Edwards. In 2015, two local businessmen started

1488-575: The Ohio State League , Interstate League , Ohio–Pennsylvania League and Pennsylvania–Ohio–Maryland League . The Steubenville Stampede was a member of the Continental Indoor Football League from 2006 to 2007. Steubenville is the birthplace of Ohio Valley-style pizza , a distinctive style of pizza that features cold toppings on a baked crust. The City of Steubenville is part of the 6th congressional district of Ohio and

1550-611: The Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area from the 2021 census are as follows: At the 2001 census, the demographic characteristics of the people living in Belfast metropolitan urban area (BMUA) were as follows: The following maps show religious and national identity distributions from the 2021 census. National Identity responses could include multiple identities. In the 2011 UK Census , the distributions of population, religion, national identity and proportion of immigrants within

1612-816: The Belfast metropolitan area, were as follows. Commuter town Often commuter towns form when workers in a region cannot afford to live where they work and must seek residency in another town with a lower cost of living . The late 20th century, the dot-com bubble and United States housing bubble drove housing costs in Californian metropolitan areas to historic highs, spawning exurban growth in adjacent counties. Workers with jobs in San Francisco found themselves moving further and further away to nearby cities like Oakland, Burlingame, and San Mateo. As rental and housing costs kept increasing, even renters that would normally be considered affluent elsewhere would struggle with

1674-534: The Department also stated that excessive force was levied against individuals who witnessed incidents of police misconduct, and against those who were known critics of the city and its police force. Those individuals were also falsely detained if the city and the police agreed that they were "likely to complain of abuse". It further stated that the officers involved falsified reports and tampered with official police recorders so that "misconduct would not be recorded". As

1736-526: The Jefferson County Court of Common Pleas ruled that the city ordinance of supporting the speed camera program was illegal and unconstitutional. The city refused to remove the cameras, however, because it stated it was "bound by contract to continue the services" of Traffipax, Inc., the US subsidiary of ROBOT Visual Systems, a German corporation. Despite attempts to remove the cameras, the city continued to defy

1798-732: The Northwest Territory, Fort Steuben housed 150 men of the 1st American Regiment. The non-profit organization that worked to rebuild the fort also developed the surrounding block into Fort Steuben Park that includes the Veterans Memorial Fountain and the Berkman Amphitheater. The Fort Steuben Visitors center is home to the Museum Shop and the Steubenville Convention & Visitors Bureau and is an official site on

1860-711: The Ohio River Scenic Byway. Adjacent to the fort is the First Federal Land Office with its original logs from 1801. After the Ohio country was surveyed, it could be sold or given away as land grants; the settlers brought their deeds to be registered at the Land Office to David Hoge, the Registrar of Lands and Titles for the Northwest Territory. "Ohio Valley Steelworker" Statue was created by artist Dimitri Akis as

1922-544: The Ohio River; Ross, a lawyer from Pittsburgh , owned the land north of Wells. On March 1, 1803, Ohio was admitted to the Union as the 17th state. During the first half of the nineteenth century, Steubenville was primarily a port town, and the rest of the county was small villages and farms. Steubenville received a city charter in 1851. In 1856, Frazier, Kilgore and Company erected a rolling mill (the forerunner of steel mills) and

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1984-600: The Pittsburgh International Airport and the city of Steubenville is now approximately 25 minutes. Steubenville is located near two large shale formations: the Marcellus and Utica formations. Fort Steuben , located downtown on South Third Street, is a reconstructed 18th century fort on its original location overlooking the Ohio River. Built in 1787 to protect the government surveyors of the Seven Ranges of

2046-552: The Steubenville Coal and Mining Company sank a coal shaft. The city was a stop along the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad , which connected Pittsburgh to Chicago and St. Louis . The Steubenville Female Seminary , also known as Beatty's Seminary for Young Ladies or Steubenville Seminary, was an early private educational institution for women founded by Presbyterian minister Charles Clinton Beatty in 1829. It

2108-566: The UK , both the national railway's tracks, trains, stations and real estate were included in the privatization agreements. Japan's privately operated railroads view real estate investment and development of commuter towns as central to their business model. These railroads continuously develop new residential and commercial areas alongside their existing and new routes and stations and adjust their train schedules in order to provide existing and prospective commuters with convenient work-commute routines. This

2170-523: The United States. As of the census of 2010, there were 18,659 people, 7,548 households, and 4,220 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,768.6 inhabitants per square mile (682.9/km ). There were 8,857 housing units at an average density of 839.5 per square mile (324.1/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 79.0% White , 15.9% African American , 0.2% Native American , 0.8% Asian , 0.6% from other races , and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of

2232-876: The brunt of the public operating budget in higher property or income taxes . Such municipalities may scramble to encourage commercial growth once an established residential base has been reached. In the UK, commuter towns were developed by railway companies to create demand for their lines. One 1920s pioneer of this form of development was the Metropolitan Railway (now part of London Underground ) which marketed its Metro-land developments. This initiative encouraged many to move out of central and inner-city London to suburbs such as Harrow , or out of London itself, to commuter villages in Buckinghamshire or Hertfordshire . Commuter towns have more recently been built ahead of adequate transportation infrastructure, thus spurring

2294-471: The city and its police department, the consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice ended on March 4, 2005. These reforms and improvements were reviewed by the city council in 2020, and the city manager outlined use of force policies, data, and training that showed continuing improvements. The speed camera program began in 2005 and earned the city $ 600,000 in revenues, as nearly 7,000 tickets (at $ 85 each) were issued during that time period. In March 2006,

2356-402: The city was forced to refund thousands of tickets totaling $ 258,000. Stern also gathered enough signatures from the residents of the city to put forth a referendum that posed the question of whether the city's ordinance authorizing the speed camera program should continue. On November 8, 2006, city residents voted to end the city's speed camera program with a 76.2 percent majority. Steubenville

2418-428: The city. The population density was 1,842.2 inhabitants per square mile (711.3/km ). There were 9,449 housing units at an average density of 915.4 per square mile (353.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 79.55% White , 17.25% African American , 0.22% Native American , 0.73% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.53% from other races , and 1.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.97% of

2480-479: The communities that surround it, especially Weirton, West Virginia , have experienced sluggish economies since the steel industry waned during the 1980s. Corporations such as Weirton Steel have had to reduce their workforce in order to become more efficient and competitive against other steel producers and lower steel prices worldwide. Starting in 2014, the Harmonium Project and numerous others partners began

2542-420: The construction of suitably cheap housing closer to places of employment. The number of commuter towns increased in the US and the UK during the 20th century because of a trend for people to move out of the cities into the surrounding green belt . In the United States, it is common for commuter towns to create disparities in municipal tax rates. When a commuter town collects few business taxes, residents must pay

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2604-521: The development of roads and public transportation systems. These can take the form of light rail lines extending from the city center to new streetcar suburbs and new or expanded highways , whose construction and traffic can lead to the community becoming part of a larger conurbation . A 2014 study by the British Office for National Statistics found that commuting also affects wellbeing. Commuters are more likely to be anxious, dissatisfied and have

2666-581: The estimated population of the American Community Survey was 18,578, but the actual count in the 2010 census was 18,659, an increase of 81. Steubenville is a principal city of the Weirton–Steubenville metropolitan area and is part of the larger Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area . From 1980 to 2000, census figures show that the Weirton–Steubenville metro population decreased faster than that of any other urban area in

2728-463: The fort in honor of Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben . When the surveyors completed their task a few years later, the fort was abandoned. In the meantime, settlers had built homes around the fort; they named their settlement Steubenville. The name Steubenville was derived from Fort Steuben to honor Baron von Steuben (the fort was named for the Baron). The town was sometimes referred to as La Belle City,

2790-493: The image of Franciscan University from its town logo rather than pay for a lawsuit. The city later proposed a logo that included a chapel and cross. Public schools in Steubenville are operated by the Steubenville City School District . There are a total of five schools in the district: Wells Academy, West Pugliese, Garfield, Harding Middle, and Steubenville High School . A portion of far western Steubenville

2852-452: The judge's order and reinstated an identical ordinance to continue issuing citations. Councilman at Large Michael Hernon cast the sole dissenting vote against reinstating the traffic cameras. In mid-2006, an attorney filed a class-action lawsuit against the city of Steubenville for illegally collecting fines and generating unnecessary revenue from motorists. He won the case in December 2007 and

2914-744: The need for more schools, more roads, more everything. And eventually, when no more land is available and home prices have skyrocketed, the whole cycle starts again, another 15 minutes down the turnpike." Others argue that exurban environments, such as those that have emerged in Oregon over the last 40 years as a result of the state's unique land use laws , have helped to protect local agriculture and local businesses by creating strict urban growth boundaries that encourage greater population densities in centralized towns, while slowing or greatly reducing urban and suburban sprawl into agricultural, timber land, and natural areas. Steubenville, Ohio Steubenville

2976-750: The period up to 2001. This plan was to be superseded by the Belfast Metropolitan Area Plan 2015, to cover the period up to 2035. However, enforcement of this plan was quashed by the Northern Ireland High Court in May 2017, and the Belfast Urban Area plan remains in effect. Currently the terms Belfast Metropolitan Area and Belfast Metropolitan Urban Area have no official use either in administration or statistical reporting. (2001 Census) (2011 Census) (2021 Census) The demographics of

3038-473: The population decline stabilized some, with the 2010 and 2020 censuses showing the smallest declines in any decade since the peak. This trend is reflected in the US Census Bureau's estimate of the 2020 population from its American Community Survey of 17,882 being lower than the actual count in the 2020 census of 18,161, an increase compared to the estimate of 279. This is similar to the situation in 2010 when

3100-442: The population. There were 7,548 households, of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.8% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.1% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

3162-409: The population. There were 8,342 households, out of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder, and 41.5% were non-families. 36.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size

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3224-465: The prospect of home ownership in an area with higher quality schools and amenities. As of 2003 , over 80% of the workforce of Tracy, California , was employed in the San Francisco Bay Area . In some cases, commuter towns can result from changing economic conditions. Steubenville, Ohio along with neighboring Weirton, West Virginia had an independent regional identity until the collapse of

3286-409: The sense that their daily activities lack meaning than those who don't have to travel to work, even if they are paid more. The term exurb (a portmanteau of "extra & urban") was coined by Auguste Comte Spectorsky in his 1955 book The Exurbanites , to describe the ring of prosperous communities beyond the suburbs that are commuter towns for an urban area. However, since a landmark report by

3348-458: The steel industry in the 1980s. Steubenville Pike and the Parkway West also created easier access to the much larger city of Pittsburgh . In 2013, Jefferson County, Ohio (where Steubenville is located) was added to the Pittsburgh metropolitan area as part of its larger Combined Statistical Area . In Japan, most of the national railway network was privatized by the 1980s but unlike in

3410-440: Was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.91. The median age in the city was 38.8 years. 20.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 16.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.3% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.1% male and 53.9% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 19,015 people, 8,342 households, and 4,880 families residing in

3472-418: Was 2.86. In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.2% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 22.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.8 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 26,516, and the median income for

3534-542: Was changed to Jefferson Technical College. In 1995, it became a community college and was renamed Jefferson Community College. In 2009, the college expanded its service district by three Ohio counties, and was renamed again: Eastern Gateway Community College . The city gained international attention in late 2012 from the events surrounding the Steubenville High School rape case , which occurred in August 2012. The case

3596-671: Was closed in 1898 and the buildings were eventually razed for part of what is now Ohio State Route 7 . In 1946, the College of Steubenville was founded by the Franciscan Friars of the Third Order Regular . In 1980, its name was changed to University of Steubenville, and finally in 1985 to Franciscan University of Steubenville . In 1966, the Jefferson County Technical Institute was founded. In 1977, its name

3658-559: Was first covered by The New York Times that December, followed by the computer hacker group Anonymous later that month, and the subsequent coverage of the trials in late 2013. The case was significant in the extensive use of social media as evidence and in opening a national discussion on the concept of rape culture . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 10.63 square miles (27.53 km ), of which 10.55 square miles (27.32 km )

3720-521: Was first officially classified as a metropolitan area in the late 1990s when the British government began to prepare for a cohesive plan that would include the Belfast Region. Six local government districts – Belfast , Castlereagh , Carrickfergus , Lisburn , Newtownabbey and North Down , were identified as the key areas within the metropolitan area. The continuous built-up area centred on Belfast, which

3782-436: Was represented by Bill Johnson until January 2024. The 6th district is the longest US House district in Ohio and runs along the southeast state borders of Ohio. In 1997, the U.S. Department of Justice alleged that the city and police force had subjected numerous individuals to "excessive force, false arrests, charges, and reports" and had engaged in practices regarding "improper stops, searches, and seizures". The report from

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3844-469: Was the Norman capital of the northern part of Ireland until Edward Bruce 's defeat in 1318. Bangor had been an important centre of Christianity and learning from its foundation in 555 AD. The recent reclassification of Lisburn as a city does not change its position within the metropolitan area. A Belfast Urban Area strategic development plan for Belfast and the surrounding area was adopted in 1990 to cover

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