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25-547: The refuge encompasses the Bear River and its delta where it flows into the northern part of the Great Salt Lake in eastern Box Elder County . It includes a variety of habitats, such as open water, mudflats , wetlands , and uplands. The refuge hosts millions of migratory birds each year including species such as bald eagle and tundra swan . There are more than 41,000 acres (170 km) of freshwater wetlands. The Refuge

50-526: A protected area in Utah is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bear River (Great Salt Lake) The Bear River is the largest tributary of the Great Salt Lake , draining a mountainous area and farming valleys northeast of the lake and southeast of the Snake River Plain . It flows through northeastern Utah, southwestern Wyoming , southeastern Idaho , and back into northern Utah , in

75-570: A short distance downstream from the diversion Utah Sugar's water rights, dams, hydroelectric plant, and transmission lines were purchased by Utah Power & Light, now known as Rocky Mountain Power , in December 1912 for $ 1.75 million. Utah Sugar purchased the canals on both sides of the Bear River in 1920 and controlled them at least through the 1960s. Since the river was diverted 140,000 years ago,

100-616: Is a one-way 12 mile auto route through the Refuge, with an audio tour and map available for download through the official website. Starting in 1983, rising floodwaters from the Great Salt Lake severely impacted the refuge. The flooding of the refuge is at the center of Terry Tempest Williams 's noted nonfiction book, Refuge: An Unnatural History of Family and Place . In 2006, a new wildlife education center off Interstate 15 opened to attract visitors once more. This article related to

125-471: Is approx. 80,000 acres of Federal and State lands that are managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The surrounding lands are occupied by multiple hunting clubs along the bird migration route. The James V. Hansen Wildlife Education Center features interactive exhibits about the birds and wetlands of the Refuge and a 1/2-mile accessible walking trail a wetland habitat outside. Environmental education programs, symposiums and public events are offered. There

150-689: The First transcontinental railroad was completed in 1869, the Central Pacific was given over a third of the land in the Bear River Valley through land grants. Alexander Toponce purchased 52,000 acres (210 km ) of this land in 1883 for $ 65,000. He and John W. Kerr created the Corinne Mill, Canal and Stock Company and ultimately owned 90,000 acres (360 km ) of land in the area. John R. Bothwell purchased much of this land in 1888. Bothwell created

175-721: The Hudson's Bay Company began to penetrate the area, exploring south from the Snake River as early as 1812. John C. Frémont explored the area in 1843, and the Mormon Trail crossed the Bear River south of Evanston . The California and Oregon Trails followed the Bear River north out of Wyoming to Fort Hall in Idaho. Some of the travelers on the trails chose to stay, populating the Bear River Valleys of Idaho and Utah. The Cache Valley

200-797: The Panic of 1893 , Conklin re-organized the company into the North American Trust Company. The new company was appointed the official bank of the United States in Cuba . Conklin founded several corporations there. He donated the funds for the Alma Mater at the University of Illinois in the 1910s. Roland Ray Conklin was born in Urbana, Illinois , on February 1, 1858. He attended schools there, then graduated from

225-706: The University of Illinois in 1880. He joined a real estate firm Kansas City, Missouri , in 1880, which incorporated in 1886 as the Jarvis-Conklin Mortgage and Trust Company . The firm became very successful and is credited with developing the Hyde Park and Rowland Park neighborhoods of Kansas City. They also founded the neighborhoods of Roland Park in Baltimore, Maryland , and Euclid Park in Cleveland, Ohio . They became

250-719: The Bear River Irrigation and Ogden Water Works Company with W. H. Rowe as president. Part of the canal project was then purchased by the Bear River Land Company, and part of the irrigation project by the Bear River Irrigation Company. After the success of the Utah Sugar Company growing operations and factory in Lehi , farmers in the Bear River Valley began to experiment with growing sugar beets. This

275-493: The Bear River Valley of Utah past Bear River City . It receives the Malad River from the north just before emptying into the mud flats of a broad bay on the east side of the Great Salt Lake; approximately 10 miles (16 km) southwest of Brigham City . The river is used extensively for irrigation in the farming valleys through which it flows in its lower reaches in Idaho and northern Utah. The lower 10 miles (16 km) of

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300-636: The Jarvis-Conklin Mortgage and Trust Company with Samuel M. Jarvis and Roland R. Conklin , with $ 2 million on mortgage bonds. The majority of these bonds were bought by Quaker societies in Scotland, England, and Ireland. This money was used to create a diversion dam and irrigation canals, employing 7000 men in late 1889. The company also bought the Ogden City Water Works. The company went bankrupt by 1893, and bondholders reorganized into

325-600: The Middle Basin, a plateau with an elevation of about 10,000 feet (3,000 m) and surrounded by high peaks of Mount Agassiz , Hayden Peak, and Spread Eagle Peak . One of the Stillwater Fork's tributaries is called Main Fork, which originates in another high–altitude basin called Hell Hole. From its source, the Bear River flows north, cutting across the southwest corner of Wyoming, passing through Evanston then weaving along

350-743: The National Bank of Cuba, the Havana Telephone Company, the Cuban Telephone Company, and several publishing houses. Conklin was also named a vice president of the Jucaro & Moron Railway Company and co-founded the National Railways Company of Cuba . By May 1899, vice presidents Samuel M. Jarvis and Conklin were the primary stockholders of the North American Trust Company, also serving on the board. Conklin later returned to

375-663: The United States, purchasing the vast Rosemary Farm in Lloyd Harbor, New York . He served as president of the Chicago Motorbus Company. In the 1910s, he provided the capital for the Alma Mater at the University of Illinois, designed by classmate Lorado Taft . In 1915, Conklin designed a motorhome and drove it to the Panama–Pacific International Exposition in San Francisco, California . NATC

400-574: The United States. Approximately 350 miles (560 km) long it is the longest river in North America that does not ultimately reach the sea. The Bear River was a tributary of the Snake River until 140,000 years ago when a volcanic eruption north of Soda Springs, Idaho, diverted it into what was then Lake Bonneville . The river valley was inhabited by the Shoshone people. Fur trappers from

425-646: The Utah-Wyoming state line as it flows north. It turns northwest into Bear Lake County, Idaho , and flows through the Bear Lake Valley in Idaho. There, the majority of the river flow is diverted into Bear Lake , which straddles the Idaho-Utah border, before rejoining the main river course near Montpelier via the Bear Lake Outlet Canal a short distance downstream from the diversion. At Soda Springs , near

450-506: The course of the river essentially makes a large inverted U around the north end of the Wasatch Range . It rises in northeastern Utah in several short forks on the north side of the high Uinta Mountains in southern Summit County . The main stem Bear River begins at the confluence of two tributaries, Hayden Fork and Stillwater Fork. The Hayden Fork originates north of Hayden Pass, just west of Hayden Peak . The Stillwater Fork originates in

475-593: The first bank to establish an international branch when they opened one in London in 1889. In 1893, the company moved its headquarters to New York City , but dissolved only months later following the Panic of 1893 . Conklin reorganized the business as the North American Trust Company (NATC). In 1896, the North American Trust Company was named the fiscal agent for the United States consul in Cuba . Conklin oversaw many operations in his new country: he founded

500-577: The north end of the Wasatch Range, the Bear River turns abruptly south, flowing past Preston in the broad Cache Valley that extends north from Logan, Utah . It re-enters northern Utah, meandering south past Cornish and Newton . It is impounded to form the Cutler Reservoir , where it receives the Little Bear River from the south. From the west end of Cutler Reservoir, it flows south through

525-688: The river near its delta on the Great Salt Lake are protected as part of Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge . Roland R. Conklin Roland Ray Conklin (February 1, 1858 – January 2, 1938) was an American financier and real estate mogul from Illinois . After graduating from the University of Illinois , Conklin formed a real estate partnership with Samuel M. Jarvis. The Jarvis-Conklin Mortgage and Trust Company developed neighborhoods in Kansas City , Cleveland , and Baltimore . After dissolving following

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550-686: Was an early destination for Mormon pioneers in the late 1840s. On January 29, 1863, troops of the United States Army attacked a Shoshone winter village in the Cache Valley, slaughtering most of the Northwestern Band of the Shoshone. The incident has come to be known as the Bear River massacre . The Bear River was surveyed through the Cache Divide for diversion and irrigation in 1868. After

575-401: Was completed in 1903. Utah Sugar built a sugar beet processing factory in 1903, also using the newly constructed rail line to transport the necessary machinery. In 1911 a dam was constructed at Wardboro, Idaho , that diverted the majority of the flow of the Bear River into Bear Lake , via Mud Lake to act as a reservoir for the irrigation district. Water rejoins the river via an outlet canal

600-525: Was financed by issuing and selling $ 500,000 in new stock in the Utah Sugar Company. Shortly, 50,000 acres (200 km ) were being irrigated and farmed. Utah Sugar expanded the east canal between 1902 and 1905, installed a hydroelectric plant on the Bear River, and installed a 2700-horsepower water pump on the west canal. They also negotiated with the Oregon Short Line to construct a railroad from Corinne 16 miles (26 km) north to Garland , which

625-476: Was successful, so Thomas R. Cutler, George Austin, and Mosiah Evans, executives at the Utah Sugar Company, purchased a portion of the Bear River Irrigation Company and organized the Bear River Land, Orchard and Sugar Beet Company in 1900. Cutler authorized the purchase of the entire Bear River Irrigation Company, plus an option on 31,200 acres (126 km ) of land from the Bear River Land Company in 1901. This

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