30-624: [REDACTED] Look up base or BASE in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Base or BASE may refer to: Brands and enterprises [ edit ] BASE (mobile operator) , a Belgian mobile telecommunications operator Base CRM , an enterprise software company founded in 2009 with offices in Mountain View and Kraków, Poland Base Design , an international design, communications, audiovisual, copywriting and publishing firm Base FX ,
60-573: A fast ion conductor material Nucleobase , in genetics, the parts of DNA and RNA involved in forming base pairs Base (blockchain) , an Ethereum layer 2 blockchain Social science [ edit ] Base (politics) , a group of voters who almost always support a single party's candidates Base (social class) , a lower social class Base and superstructure (Marxism) , parts of society in Marxist theory Sports [ edit ] Base (baseball) ,
90-478: A fast ion conductor material Nucleobase , in genetics, the parts of DNA and RNA involved in forming base pairs Base (blockchain) , an Ethereum layer 2 blockchain Social science [ edit ] Base (politics) , a group of voters who almost always support a single party's candidates Base (social class) , a lower social class Base and superstructure (Marxism) , parts of society in Marxist theory Sports [ edit ] Base (baseball) ,
120-467: A more stable bond to thymine. Adenine and guanine have a fused-ring skeletal structure derived of purine , hence they are called purine bases . The purine nitrogenous bases are characterized by their single amino group ( −NH 2 ), at the C6 carbon in adenine and C2 in guanine. Similarly, the simple-ring structure of cytosine, uracil, and thymine is derived of pyrimidine , so those three bases are called
150-466: A station that must be touched by a runner Base, a position in some cheerleading stunts BASE jumping , parachuting or wingsuit flying from a fixed structure or cliff Base, a variant name for the children's game darebase Other uses [ edit ] Base (character) , character in Marvel Comics Base (EP) , an album by South Korean singer Kim Jonghyun Base, Maharashtra ,
180-405: A station that must be touched by a runner Base, a position in some cheerleading stunts BASE jumping , parachuting or wingsuit flying from a fixed structure or cliff Base, a variant name for the children's game darebase Other uses [ edit ] Base (character) , character in Marvel Comics Base (EP) , an album by South Korean singer Kim Jonghyun Base, Maharashtra ,
210-561: A statue or other item Cooking base , a concentrated flavouring compound Military base , or non-military base camp, a bivouac which provides shelter, military equipment and personnel See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article " Base ". Base camp (disambiguation) Bases (disambiguation) Basis (disambiguation) Bass (disambiguation) Bottom (disambiguation) Radix (disambiguation) The Base (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
240-561: A statue or other item Cooking base , a concentrated flavouring compound Military base , or non-military base camp, a bivouac which provides shelter, military equipment and personnel See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article " Base ". Base camp (disambiguation) Bases (disambiguation) Basis (disambiguation) Bass (disambiguation) Bottom (disambiguation) Radix (disambiguation) The Base (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
270-703: A type of generating set for a topological space Organizations [ edit ] Backward Society Education , a Nepali non-governmental organization BASE (social centre) , a self-managed social centre in Bristol, UK Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management , a German federal environmental authority Beaverton Academy of Science and Engineering , in Hillsboro, Oregon, US Bible Archaeology Search and Exploration Institute British Association for Screen Entertainment Brooklyn Academy of Science and
300-552: A type of generating set for a topological space Organizations [ edit ] Backward Society Education , a Nepali non-governmental organization BASE (social centre) , a self-managed social centre in Bristol, UK Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management , a German federal environmental authority Beaverton Academy of Science and Engineering , in Hillsboro, Oregon, US Bible Archaeology Search and Exploration Institute British Association for Screen Entertainment Brooklyn Academy of Science and
330-463: A village in India Rob Base , American rapper Base, or binder (material) , a material that holds paint or other materials together Base, or foundation (architecture) , the lowest and supporting layer of a structure Base, or foundation (cosmetics) , a cosmetic applied to the face Base (heraldry) , the lower part of the shield in heraldry Base, or pedestal , a supporting feature of
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#1732849066685360-406: A village in India Rob Base , American rapper Base, or binder (material) , a material that holds paint or other materials together Base, or foundation (architecture) , the lowest and supporting layer of a structure Base, or foundation (cosmetics) , a cosmetic applied to the face Base (heraldry) , the lower part of the shield in heraldry Base, or pedestal , a supporting feature of
390-713: A visual effects and animation company founded in 2006 with studios in Beijing, Wuxi and Xiamen, China Budapest Aircraft Services , callsign BASE Computing [ edit ] BASE (search engine) , Bielefeld Academic Search Engine <base></base> , an HTML element Basically Available, Soft state, Eventual consistency (BASE), a consistency model Google Base , an online database provided by Google LibreOffice Base , LibreOffice's database module OpenOffice.org Base , OpenOffice.org's database module, also known as ooBase Mathematics [ edit ] Base of computation , commonly called radix ,
420-663: A visual effects and animation company founded in 2006 with studios in Beijing, Wuxi and Xiamen, China Budapest Aircraft Services , callsign BASE Computing [ edit ] BASE (search engine) , Bielefeld Academic Search Engine <base></base> , an HTML element Basically Available, Soft state, Eventual consistency (BASE), a consistency model Google Base , an online database provided by Google LibreOffice Base , LibreOffice's database module OpenOffice.org Base , OpenOffice.org's database module, also known as ooBase Mathematics [ edit ] Base of computation , commonly called radix ,
450-584: Is based on two hydrogen bonds , while the C–G pairing is based on three. In both cases, the hydrogen bonds are between the amine and carbonyl groups on the complementary bases. Nucleobases such as adenine, guanine, xanthine , hypoxanthine , purine, 2,6-diaminopurine , and 6,8-diaminopurine may have formed in outer space as well as on earth. The origin of the term base reflects these compounds' chemical properties in acid–base reactions , but those properties are not especially important for understanding most of
480-630: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages base [REDACTED] Look up base or BASE in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Base or BASE may refer to: Brands and enterprises [ edit ] BASE (mobile operator) , a Belgian mobile telecommunications operator Base CRM , an enterprise software company founded in 2009 with offices in Mountain View and Kraków, Poland Base Design , an international design, communications, audiovisual, copywriting and publishing firm Base FX ,
510-733: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Nucleobase Nucleotide bases (also nucleobases , nitrogenous bases ) are nitrogen -containing biological compounds that form nucleosides , which, in turn, are components of nucleotides , with all of these monomers constituting the basic building blocks of nucleic acids . The ability of nucleobases to form base pairs and to stack one upon another leads directly to long-chain helical structures such as ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Five nucleobases— adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T), and uracil (U)—are called primary or canonical . They function as
540-447: Is required of chemical pathways that permit formation of the key building blocks of life under plausible prebiotic conditions . According to the RNA world hypothesis, free-floating ribonucleotides were present in the primordial soup . These were the fundamental molecules that combined in series to form RNA . Molecules as complex as RNA must have arisen from small molecules whose reactivity
570-462: The pyrimidine bases . Each of the base pairs in a typical double- helix DNA comprises a purine and a pyrimidine: either an A paired with a T or a C paired with a G. These purine-pyrimidine pairs, which are called base complements , connect the two strands of the helix and are often compared to the rungs of a ladder. Only pairing purine with pyrimidine ensures a constant width for the DNA. The A–T pairing
600-604: The Environment , a high school in New York, US Science and technology [ edit ] Base (chemistry) , a substance that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) Base, an attribute to medication in pure form, for example erythromycin base Base, one of the three terminals of a Bipolar junction transistor BASE experiment , an antiproton experiment at CERN Base pair , a pair of connected nucleotides on complementary DNA and RNA strands Beta-alumina solid electrolyte ,
630-499: The Environment , a high school in New York, US Science and technology [ edit ] Base (chemistry) , a substance that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) Base, an attribute to medication in pure form, for example erythromycin base Base, one of the three terminals of a Bipolar junction transistor BASE experiment , an antiproton experiment at CERN Base pair , a pair of connected nucleotides on complementary DNA and RNA strands Beta-alumina solid electrolyte ,
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#1732849066685660-528: The biological functions of nucleobases. At the sides of nucleic acid structure, phosphate molecules successively connect the two sugar-rings of two adjacent nucleotide monomers, thereby creating a long chain biomolecule . These chain-joins of phosphates with sugars ( ribose or deoxyribose ) create the "backbone" strands for a single- or double helix biomolecule. In the double helix of DNA, the two strands are oriented chemically in opposite directions, which permits base pairing by providing complementarity between
690-460: The fundamental units of the genetic code , with the bases A, G, C, and T being found in DNA while A, G, C, and U are found in RNA. Thymine and uracil are distinguished by merely the presence or absence of a methyl group on the fifth carbon (C5) of these heterocyclic six-membered rings. In addition, some viruses have aminoadenine (Z) instead of adenine. It differs in having an extra amine group, creating
720-607: The genetic code, such as isoguanine and isocytosine or the fluorescent 2-amino-6-(2-thienyl)purine and pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde . In medicine, several nucleoside analogues are used as anticancer and antiviral agents. The viral polymerase incorporates these compounds with non-canonical bases. These compounds are activated in the cells by being converted into nucleotides; they are administered as nucleosides as charged nucleotides cannot easily cross cell membranes. At least one set of new base pairs has been announced as of May 2014. In order to understand how life arose , knowledge
750-673: The many bases created through mutagen presence, both of them through deamination (replacement of the amine-group with a carbonyl-group). Hypoxanthine is produced from adenine, xanthine from guanine, and uracil results from deamination of cytosine. These are examples of modified adenosine or guanosine. These are examples of modified cytidine, thymidine or uridine. A vast number of nucleobase analogues exist. The most common applications are used as fluorescent probes, either directly or indirectly, such as aminoallyl nucleotide , which are used to label cRNA or cDNA in microarrays . Several groups are working on alternative "extra" base pairs to extend
780-419: The number of distinct digits in a positional numeral system Base of a logarithm , the number whose logarithm is 1 Base (exponentiation) , the number b in an expression of the form b Base (geometry) , a side of a plane figure (for example a triangle) or face of a solid Base (group theory) , a sequence of elements not jointly stabilized by any nontrivial group element. Base (topology) ,
810-418: The number of distinct digits in a positional numeral system Base of a logarithm , the number whose logarithm is 1 Base (exponentiation) , the number b in an expression of the form b Base (geometry) , a side of a plane figure (for example a triangle) or face of a solid Base (group theory) , a sequence of elements not jointly stabilized by any nontrivial group element. Base (topology) ,
840-459: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Base . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Base&oldid=1253687781 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description
870-459: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Base . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Base&oldid=1253687781 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description
900-527: The two bases, and which is essential for replication of or transcription of the encoded information found in DNA. DNA and RNA also contain other (non-primary) bases that have been modified after the nucleic acid chain has been formed. In DNA, the most common modified base is 5-methylcytosine (m C). In RNA, there are many modified bases, including those contained in the nucleosides pseudouridine (Ψ), dihydrouridine (D), inosine (I), and 7-methylguanosine (m G). Hypoxanthine and xanthine are two of
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