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33-500: Barquisimeto was founded in 1552 by Juan de Villegas, as a headquarters and to have better control of the territory believed to be rich in gold. Its original name was Nueva Segovia de Barquisimeto and then it was shortened to just Barquisimeto. This city changed locations four times between 1552 and 1563. The original settlement was near the Buría River, but moved in 1556 due to frequent floods suffered by inhabitants. The second location

66-539: A cholera outbreak that occurred in the city in the 19th century. In 2013, 3,000,000 faithful honored the Divina Pastora. Barquisimeto is located on the terrace of the same name, on the banks of the Turbio River, 622 metres (2,040 feet) above sea level and a population of 930,000 inhabitants. It has a location on the central western of Venezuela (363 km (226 mi) from Caracas, the country's capital city), being

99-500: A letter that defied the Spanish monarch Philip II by renouncing his Spanish vassalage and declared war upon the Habsburg monarch. Aguirre's expedition ended with his death. In the years since then he has been treated by historians as a symbol of cruelty and treachery in the early history of colonial Spanish America , and has become an antihero in literature, cinema and other arts. During

132-494: A nap in the library of his house, and wearing a coat of chain mail he always wore for fear of Aguirre. Aguirre crept up to the sleeping Esquivel and stabbed him twice with a dagger. When the mail stopped his blows to the former magistrate's body, he stabbed him in the right temple and killed him. Protected by friends who had hidden him, Aguirre fled from Cuzco and took refuge with a relative in Huamanga . In 1554, needing to put down

165-405: A point of convergence of many of the major land routes and rail, characterized also by its street order and appropriate signage due to the location of the city with a relief almost completely flat, which facilitated the distribution of the urban grid and with the streets numbered in ascending numerical order, factors that help the foreign citizen and easily locate addresses. Its climate is pleasant in

198-594: A word popularized by Oviedo y Baños in his book History and Conquest of the Venezuelan Population . The city's modern Cathedral of Our Lady of Mount Carmel is the cathedral of the episcopal see of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Barquisimeto . The Divina Pastora (Divine Shepherdess) is a statue of the Virgin Mary holding the infant Jesus, with a lamb at her side. It is considered to be one of

231-495: Is a new " bus rapid transit " (BRT) system under construction, which was originally planned to use trolleybuses . When construction began, in 2006, the system was projected to serve an average of 170,000 people per day when completed, using 80 trolleybuses operating along 30 km (19 mi) of exclusive lanes, across the metropolitan area. Service was planned to include an express route of 22 km (14 mi) along with one local route of 8 km (5 mi). With 52 stations,

264-580: Is carried on the main streets of Barquisimeto in a procession which starts at the Iglesia de la Divina Pastora in Santa Rosa until it reaches the Barquisimeto Cathedral. This procession is unlike other mass Marian celebrations in the world, where the image does not leave its temple. This procession occurs due to the devotion the people of Barquisimeto have towards it as gratitude towards saving the city from

297-450: Is the topic of Robert Southey 's book The Expedition of Orsua; and the Crimes of Aguirre (1821), of Ramón J. Sender 's 1968 Spanish-language novel La aventura equinoccial de Lope de Aguirre ( ISBN   978-8421818404 ) and of Stephen Minta's 1995 book Aguirre: The Re-Creation of a Sixteenth-Century Journey Across South America ( ISBN   978-0805031041 ), in which Minta retraces

330-524: The Caquetío aborigines used to call it Variquicimeto, which translates as "ash-colored river", the name with which the natives distinguished the water stream near the city. This river was named "Turbio River" by the Spanish conquerors, a name that is still in use today. Another possible name origin is due to a red dye called bariquí . When Juan de Villegas founded it, he named the city "Nueva Segovia de Barquisimeto", but years later it became just "Barquisimeto",

363-612: The Marañón and Amazon Rivers with 300 Spaniards and hundreds of natives. The actual goal of Ursúa was to send idle veterans from the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire away, to keep them from trouble-making. A year later, Aguirre participated in the overthrow and killing of Ursúa and his successor, Fernando de Guzmán, whom he ultimately succeeded. He and his men reached the Atlantic, probably by

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396-626: The Orinoco River. On 23 March 1561, Aguirre urged 186 officers and soldiers to sign a statement acknowledging him as "Prince of Peru, Tierra Firme and Chile". In 1561, he seized Isla Margarita and suppressed any opposition to his reign, killing the governor. When he crossed to the mainland in an attempt to take Panama, his open rebellion against the Spanish crown came to an end. He was surrounded at Barquisimeto, Venezuela , where he killed his daughter, Elvira, "because someone that I loved so much should not come to be bedded by uncouth people". He

429-469: The BRT system is to include a centralized system of communication and security, and structures for easy access for elderly and disabled people. It is to be complemented with feeder routes, covering the areas of Greater Barquisimeto the BRT line will not serve, which will connect with the main line at terminal stations. Although 80 articulated trolleybuses were purchased from Neoplan and delivered around 2008–09,

462-538: The Spanish gentry and sentenced him to a public flogging. His pride wounded, Aguirre waited for the end of the judge's mandate to avenge his honor. Fearing Aguirre's vengeance, the judge fled, changing his residence constantly. Aguirre pursued Esquivel to Lima, Quito and then to Cuzco , missing him at all three places. For three years he trailed Esquivel on foot and without shoes, his soldiers following this obstinate pursuit with interest. Aguirre found him in Cuzco, taking

495-796: The Spanish Civil War, he became a revolutionary caudillo figure in the Basque region. Aguirre was born around 1510 in the Araotz Valley, a valley and hamlet belonging to Oñati , close to Arantzazu in the province of Gipuzkoa or in Aramaio , in the Basque Country of northern Spain. He was the son of a nobleman, possibly from a family of court clerks. Aguirre was in his twenties and living in Seville when Hernando Pizarro returned from Peru and brought back

528-569: The capital of Nuevo Toledo , and was appointed regidor (alderman) of the city. As a conquistador , he soon became infamous for his violence, cruelty, and sedition against the Crown. In 1544, Aguirre was at the side of Peru's first viceroy , Blasco Núñez Vela , who had arrived from Spain with orders to implement the New Laws , suppress the Encomiendas , and liberate the natives from slavery. Many of

561-454: The cleric Alonso de Henao, who later participated in the expedition of Pedro de Ursúa to Omagua and El Dorado . In 1551, Aguirre returned to Potosí , then still part of Peru and now part of Bolivia. The judge, Francisco de Esquivel, arrested him and charged him with infraction of the laws protecting the Indians. The judge discounted Aguirre's justifications and his claims of belonging to

594-419: The conquistadors refused to implement these laws, which prohibited them from exploiting the Indians. Aguirre took part in the plot with Melchor Verdugo to free the viceroy, who had been imprisoned on the island of San Lorenzo , and turned against Gonzalo Pizarro , the leader of the anti-viceroy/New Laws faction. After the failed attempt, they escaped from Lima to Cajamarca , and started to gather men to help

627-614: The expedition. Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado The Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado ( UCLA ) is a public university of Venezuela located in Barquisimeto . It was founded in 1962 with the creation of the Centro Experimental de Estudios Superiores (CEDES), and became the Universidad de la Región Centro Occidental in 1967, before being given its current name in 1979. Lisandro Alvarado University

660-692: The liberation movement and its deputy José Ángel Álamo signed the Independence Act on July 5, 1811. In 1929, the city went through a modernization program carried out by General Juan Vicente Gomez. He fixed the streets and avenues and buildings were built, like the Jacinto Lara Headquarters, the Government Palace and the Ayacucho Park. According to the German adventurer Nikolaus Federmann ,

693-450: The months of December to March, with an average temperature of 26 °C (79 °F) throughout the year. In the city, a hot semi-arid climate ( Köppen BSh ) is dominant. Located in that region, Barquisimeto records 550 millimetres or 21.7 inches of rain per year and its average temperature ranges 25 °C (77 °F). However, in higher regions near the Andes, temperatures are lower and

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726-499: The most important religious icons of Venezuela. Divina Pastora is the patron saint of the city of Barquisimeto and of the Venezuelan National Militia. The original image dates from 1735. Divina Pastora is celebrated in a procession on January 14 of each year, when a massive Marian procession occurs, considered to be one of the largest in the world, attracting thousands of pilgrims. The statue is removed from its shrine and

759-626: The plans to operate the Transbarca system with those vehicles were dropped in 2013. In addition to reasons of cost, an inadequate supply of electricity with which to power the system was cited in the announcement of the decision. The city has an airport called Jacinto Lara International Airport . The city is home to several notable baseball and football teams. Several other sports also have Barquisimeto as their home. Lope de Aguirre Lope de Aguirre ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈlope ðe aˈɣire] ; 8 November 1510 – 27 October 1561)

792-983: The rain is more constant. For instance, in Sanare city, the annual average rainfall is 835 millimetres or 32.9 inches. Barquisimeto is a city with a historic vocation by academic knowledge, and boasts a considerable sample of universities and institutes of higher education in Venezuela, has a high and growing student population from all over the country. Major universities in the city include Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado and Universidad Nacional Experimental Politécnica Antonio José de Sucre. Address: Carrera 19 esquina calle 34 Address: Carrera 21 Address: Av. Lara (paseo Los Leones y calle Madrid) Address: Av. Los Abogados (calles 16 y 17). 50 mts. from Av. Vargas Address: Calle 34 (carreras 19 y 20) Address: Av. Pedro León Torres (calle 59). CC Sotavento Address: Av. Libertador Address: Barrio La Feria The Transbarca system

825-459: The rebellion of Hernández Girón, Alonso de Alvarado secured a pardon for everyone who had been affiliated with Aguirre and enlisted in his army. Aguirre fought and was wounded by two musket shots at the Battle of Chuquingua against Girón, resulting in an incurable limp that caused his peers to ostracise him. Together with his daughter Elvira, Aguirre joined the 1560 expedition of Pedro de Ursúa down

858-648: The treasures of the Incas , inspiring Aguirre to follow in his footsteps. In the early 1530s, Aguirre traveled to the Americas under the sponsorship of Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza , arriving in Cartagena. Aguirre probably enlisted in an expedition of 250 men chosen to serve under the command of Rodrigo Duran. He arrived in Peru in 1536 or 1537. Aguirre got work "breaking" stallions in Cuzco ,

891-718: The viceroy. In the meantime, thanks to the oidor Alvarez, the viceroy had escaped to Tumbes and gathered a small military force in the belief that all the country would rise up to defend the Crown under the royal flag. The viceroy's resistance to Pizarro and his deputy Francisco de Carvajal , the infamous " el demonio de los Andes " ("demon of the Andes") lasted for two years until he was defeated in Añaquito on 18 January 1546. Aguirre and Melchor Verdugo had gone to Nicaragua, sailing to Trujillo with 33 men. Verdugo conferred captain's rank on Rodrigo de Esquivel and Nuño de Guzmán , sergeant major rank on Aguirre and contador status on

924-633: Was a Basque Spanish conquistador who was active in South America. Nicknamed El Loco ("the Madman"), he styled himself "Wrath of God, Prince of Freedom." Aguirre is best known for his final expedition down the Amazon River in search of the mythical golden Kingdom El Dorado and Omagua. In 1561, Aguirre led a mutiny against the expedition's commander, Pedro de Orsúa, and declared his intent to return to Peru and overthrow Spain's colonial government. He sent

957-518: Was established on September 22 of 1962 by Executive Order No. 845, which provided for the establishment of the Experimental Centre for Advanced Studies (CEDES) as core and first stage of the UCLA during the presidency of Rómulo Betancourt . It starts with three professional schools: medicine (1963), agriculture and veterinary medicine (1964). Several years later included the administration. In 1967, it

990-471: Was eventually captured by royalist forces and shot to death by his own soldier, Custodio Hernandez. His body was beheaded and cut into quarters, with pieces being sent to nearby towns as a warning. According to the account of Fray Pedro Simón , the skull of Aguirre remained in the town square of Valencia at least forty years after his demise. In a post-mortem trial of residence held in El Tocuyo, Aguirre

1023-610: Was found guilty of the crime of Lèse-majesté . In Mérida and El Tocuyo several of his soldiers were brought to trial, found guilty of the crimes committed and sentenced to death by dismemberment. Aguirre has been portrayed in film three times: by Klaus Kinski in the allegorical film Aguirre, the Wrath of God (1972), by Omero Antonutti in El Dorado (1988), and by Édgar Ramírez in Jungle Cruise (2021). Aguirre's ill-fated voyage

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1056-705: Was given the name of the Midwestern University (UCO) region, Decree No. 89. This article marks the continuity of teaching and administrative activities corresponding to the Experimental Centre for Advanced Studies (CEDES). By Decree of the President of the Republic N. 55 dated April 2 of 1979, the Executive decided to rename it to the current Centroccidental University Lisandro Alvarado . This Venezuelan university, college, or tertiary institution related article

1089-412: Was in the valley of the Turbio River, where the city stayed until Lope de Aguirre burned it down in 1561. The city was rebuilt 102 km (63 mi), but in 1562 they inhabitants asked for permission to move to another site due to strong winds blowing in the place. Finally, Barquisimeto was located on the north plateau of the Turbio River in 1563. During the country's independence, Barquisimeto joined

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