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58-655: Camp Bartlett was a summer training facility of the Massachusetts Army National Guard in Westfield, Massachusetts from 1905 to around 1918. It later became a mobilization camp for the 26th Division for World War I . After the United States entered World War I the expansive plain was heavily used by the federal government in August–September 1917 as Camp Bartlett, a mobilization and training camp for

116-475: A 1931 Lloyd Stearman design, and added cantilever landing gear and adjustable elevator trim tabs , to produce the Model 70. Able to withstand +12g and -9g, the aircraft was powered by a 210-hp Lycoming R-680 , first flew on 1 January 1934, before flight tests were conducted at Wright Field , Naval Air Station Anacostia , and Pensacola. The Navy then requested a similar model built to Navy specifications, including

174-568: A 200-hp Wright J-5 engine. The resultant Model 73, was designated NS-1 by the Navy, of which 41 were ordered, including enough spares to build another 20 aircraft. In the summer of 1934, Stearman engineers refined the Model 73 into the Model X75. The Army Air Corps evaluated the plane that autumn, powered by a 225-hp Wright R-760 or a 225-hp Lycoming R-680. In July 1935, the Army Air Corps ordered 26 with

232-405: A further 17 colonial towns such as Springfield and Scituate were burnt to the ground. Approximately 3,000 colonists perished. A colonial force of about 1,000 militiamen (mostly from Massachusetts but also from Plymouth Colony and Connecticut) fought a brutal and punishing campaign of reprisal which resulted in the deaths of about 6,000 Native Americans and thousands more being sold into slavery in

290-561: A highly organized and armed fighting force. The Massachusetts militia served as a central organ of the New England revolutionary fighting force during the early American Revolution and a major component in the Continental Army under George Washington . It is currently headquartered at Hanscom Air Force Base and commanded by Major General Gary W. Keefe. Massachusetts National Guard soldiers and airmen are trained and equipped as part of

348-674: A minimum of 64 soldiers and was to be drilled 6 days a year. Up until the mid-1630s, each town had its own militia company (also known as "trained bands") which was commanded by an officer with the rank of captain. After December 13, 1636, this changed. That day that the Massachusetts militia was organized into the North, South, and East Regiments. Today's 181st Infantry Regiment, 101st Field Artillery Regiment , and 101st Engineer Battalion (United States) respectively trace their origins to these three regiments. The militia companies were nominally under

406-584: A minute's notice. In the early morning hours of April 19, 1775, the militia company of Lexington, commanded by Captain John Parker , confronted British forces heading to Concord to search for stores of munitions. This led to the "shot heard round the world" and the beginning of the American Revolution. While the Lexington militia retreated in the face of superior British forces, militiamen continuously engaged

464-549: Is 9,000 by 150 feet (2,743 × 46 m) and 15/33 is 5,000 by 100 feet (1,524 × 30 m). The airport recently opened a new administration and terminal, replacing a terminal that housed the original control tower. It is also the site of a major Massachusetts Air National Guard fighter jet wing and support installation. In the year ending March 31, 2022, the airport had 47,815 aircraft operations, average 131 per day: 85% general aviation , 12% military, 2% air taxi , and <1% commercial. 124 aircraft were then based at

522-541: Is done utilizing Beechcraft Baron. All pilot ratings are offered. The Runway restaurant closed in early 2015 and became occupied by Papps Bar. Papp’s closed after approximately 2 years in operation and became Sok’s which offered high end cocktails and Asian Fusion type fair. Sok’s closed after another 18-24 months. In 2020 Tobiko, which translates to “Flying Fish” opened. They offer an extensive sushi and sashimi menu, as well as ramen, and many other Asian fare. The Westfield Aviation Museum located at Hangar 3 just southeast of

580-506: Is located in the armory in Concord, Massachusetts (not the historic Concord Armory .) Boeing-Stearman Model 75 The Stearman (Boeing) Model 75 is an American biplane formerly used as a military trainer aircraft , of which at least 10,626 were built in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s. Stearman Aircraft became a subsidiary of Boeing in 1934. Widely known as

638-577: Is that when National Guard units were called into Federal service during the First World War, they were better prepared than their forebears in previous wars. During the First World War, the 26th Division (nicknamed the "Yankee Division") was formed from units of Massachusetts National Guard. The division spent 210 days in combat and participated in the St. Mihele and Meuse-Argonne offensives. Additionally, Guard units were mobilized for coastal defense at forts in

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696-728: Is the National Guard component for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts . Founded as the Massachusetts Bay Colonial Militia on December 13, 1636, it contains the oldest units in the United States Army . What is today's Massachusetts National Guard evolved through many different forms. Originally founded as a defensive militia for Puritan colonists in the Massachusetts Bay Colony , the militia evolved into

754-506: Is the sole G A maintenance facility on the airport. Aero Design also offers daily and extended tie downs on its ramp. Aero Design is located at the intersections of taxiways Alfa and Bravo, right below the Tower. Established in 2017, FLY LUGU (Look Up, Go Up) is the main flight school at Westfield Barnes Airport. Offering training in a variety of modern equipped aircraft including single engine Cessna 150, 172, 182, Piper Archer. Twin engine training

812-543: The 103rd and 104th Infantry Regiments of the 26th "Yankee" Division , prior to deployment in France. In 1923 citizens of Westfield, and nearby Holyoke set out to build an airport. A group of influential local businessmen was charged to convince the owner of the land where the airport is now, Vincent E. Barnes, to sell his land to the City of Westfield for an airport. Barnes agreed to donate his land. The 27-acre (110,000 m) plot

870-478: The 26th Infantry Division or the 241st Coast Artillery . The 241st Coast Artillery was disestablished in 1944. The 181st Infantry Regiment patrolled the coasts of Massachusetts and other locations in New England. The Massachusetts Army National Guard reorganized in 1946 after five years of active duty. The 26th Infantry Division was the largest formation; however, there were now two major non-divisional units in

928-711: The First World War , Second World War , Korean War , Gulf War , the War in Iraq and Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan . The National Guard is technically commanded by the governor, who is assisted by the state adjutant general when not federalized , who holds the rank of major general . National Guard members, as with all other Reserve Components , train one weekend a month and conducts Annual Training (15–30 days). The now deactivated Massachusetts State Defense Force (MSDF)

986-795: The Mexican War the Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers was formed. It served from January 1847 to July 1848. Its first commander was former congressman and future United States attorney general Caleb Cushing . At the beginning of the American Civil War in 1861, Massachusetts Militia units were mobilized to serve in the Union Army . From April to December 1864 at total of 27 Unattached Companies Massachusetts Volunteer Militia were called to active service to garrison coast defense forts in Massachusetts. Most of these companies were drawn from existing units of

1044-914: The Stearman , Boeing Stearman , or Kaydet , it served as a primary trainer for the United States Army Air Forces , the United States Navy (as the NS and N2S), and with the Royal Canadian Air Force as the Kaydet throughout World War II . After the conflict was over, thousands of surplus aircraft were sold on the civilian market. In the immediate postwar years, they became popular as crop dusters and sports planes, and for aerobatic and wing walking use in air shows . In late 1933, Stearman engineers Mac Short, Harold W. Zipp, and J. Jack Clark took

1102-408: The United States Army and Air Force , and identical ranks and insignias are utilized. National Guardsmen are eligible for all US military awards in addition to state awards . Soldiers and Airmen are held to the same uniform, physical fitness, and marksmanship standards as their Active Duty counterparts. Soon after the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony , efforts were made to organize

1160-568: The 6th saw action in Puerto Rico. All units were demobilized by May 1899. The Dick Act of 1903 brought into being the National Guard in its current form. In exchange for federal funding, state militia units could join the National Guard with the obligation to serve in the event of a federal emergency. The name National Guard was applied to units receiving Federal financing and subject to Federal mobilization and regulation. The primary result of

1218-504: The Boston and New Bedford areas. After the First World War, the 110th Cavalry Regiment , still horsed cavalry, was established. It was assigned in the 1920s to the 23rd and then after July 1924 to the 22nd Cavalry Division . From May to October 1940 the regiment was broken up and reorganized as coastal and field artillery. As in the First World War, Massachusetts National Guard units were called into Federal service. Most units were either in

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1276-589: The British as they retreated from Concord back to Boston later the same day. After the battles of Lexington and Concord in April 1775, Massachusetts militia units were called into service, along with militia units from New Hampshire, Connecticut and Rhode Island, to form the Army of Observation whose purpose was to ensure that the British did not travel to locations outside of Boston which they occupied. The Army of Observation fought

1334-707: The British at the Battle of Bunker Hill in June 1775. General George Washington assumed command of the Army of Observation at Cambridge in July 1775 and the militia units then became units in the newly formed Continental Army . Massachusetts regiments were a major component of the Continental Army throughout the Revolution. After the British seizure of Eastport and Castine, Maine in 1814 there

1392-748: The COVID-19 pandemic. Camp Edwards in the Massachusetts Military Reservation , Cape Cod, Massachusetts is the major training site for Army National Guard units. Armories for the MA ARNG include Hudson Armory . Current units of the Massachusetts Army National Guard include the following: Former Units: Otis Air National Guard Base and Barnes Air National Guard Base are the major Massachusetts Air National Guard bases. The Massachusetts National Guard Museum and Archives

1450-456: The Dick Act was that the state militias were transformed into better trained, better equipped and more professional military forces. The National Defense Act of 1916 built upon the Dick Act by requiring National Guard units to increase their number of annual training assemblies (commonly called "drills") from 24 to 48 and the number of annual training days from 5 to 15. The result of these reforms

1508-820: The Lycoming engine, designated the PT-13A, while the navy ordered an additional 20. In August 1936, the Army ordered an additional 50 PT-13As, followed by another 30 in October, and another 28 in December. Simultaneously, the company received orders for its primary trainer from the Argentinian navy, the Philippine Army Air Corps , and the Brazilian Air Force. In January 1937, the army ordered another 26 PT-13As. On 6 June 1941,

1566-641: The Massachusetts Volunteer Militia. Terms of service ranged from 90 days to one year and all of the companies had been demobilized by July 1865. During the Spanish–American War six Massachusetts Volunteer Militia regiments were called into Federal service between May and July 1898. The regiments were the 2nd , 5th, 6th, 8th and 9th infantry regiments and the 1st Heavy Artillery regiment. The 2nd, 8th and 9th regiments engaged in combat in Cuba and

1624-527: The National Guard received more Federal funding and evolved into a better trained, better equipped and more professional force. The National Guard was in a high state of readiness when units were activated to serve in the Gulf War of 1990 to 1991. The end of the Cold War resulted in force restructuring and reductions. As a result, the Army decided to downsize the 26th Infantry Division into a brigade, and put it under

1682-508: The New England militias and their counterparts in England was these militiamen were allowed to nominate and select their own officers. New England society at the time was organized around congregational lines and this method was to be extended to the militia as well. This nominating process extended all the way to the nomination of province-wide commanders, whose selection needed only General Court assent for outside approval. A company of men had

1740-482: The U.S. government issued Approved Type Certificate No. 743 for the civilian version of the Model 75. Designated the Model A75L3 (PT-13) and Model A75N1 (PT-17), about 60 were sold to civilian flights schools such as Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology , and for export. On 15 March 1941, the company delivered the 1000th trainer to the Army, and the 1001st trainer to the Navy. Then on 27 August 1941,

1798-682: The United States. This emphasizes the Guard's dual role as both and state and national military force. In its mission as a state organization, the National Guard can be called on by the Governor to assist in national disasters and public safety emergencies. In its national role, the National Guard can be mobilized for active service with the United States Armed Forces. Units of the Massachusetts National Guard have been mobilized during

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1856-461: The Vietnam era (1965-1972) service in the National Guard was used by tens of thousands of men as a means of avoiding being drafted into the active Army and, probably, being sent to fight in Vietnam. While this enabled the National Guard to fill its personnel requirements there was a diminishing of readiness as many members of the Guard had a low level of motivation for military service. In the early 1980s

1914-530: The War of 1812 , as they gained the campaign credit through their antecedent units' service. The Massachusetts Militia Law of 1840 brought significant changes to the Massachusetts Militia. The first change was that it drew a distinction between the enrolled militia and the volunteer militia. The enrolled militia was simply a list of able bodied men age 18 to 45 which would only be called upon in time of war. There

1972-617: The West Indies. This war was the bloodiest, in terms of the percentage of the population that died in it, in American history. More than 10% of the total population (native and colonial) of New England perished. The economic, social, and political consequences of King Philip's War (named after the Wampanoag sachem that led them) would echo into the following centuries. As time progressed, larger towns would usually have more than one militia company and

2030-453: The airport: 86 single-engine, 6 multi-engine, 4 jet, 1 helicopter, 26 military, and 1 ultralight. Occasionally the airport will service charter flights for the University of Massachusetts Amherst sports teams such as by Sun Country Airlines using Boeing 737-800 aircraft. Barnes Regional Airport has one fixed-base operator (FBOs) and one G A Maintenance Facility. Atlantic Aviation is

2088-543: The colony's militia - then consisting of every able bodied adult male in the colony. On October 2, 1658 the militia companies of each town were organized into a regiment under the command of Major Josiah Winslow who served until he was elected governor on June 3, 1673, when he was succeeded by Major William Bradford the Younger . On June 2, 1685, Plymouth Colony was divided into three counties (Plymouth, Barnstable and Bristol) and each county had its own regiment of militia. Upon

2146-431: The colony's militia. All male residents between the ages of 16 and 60 were required for service. These militiamen would be well trained and well armed. Each militiaman would be trained in the same manner which was a major difference between the training of Elizabethan militias which maintained well trained units ( trainbands ) alongside less well trained and less well armed groups of militia. Another major difference between

2204-505: The command of the 29th Infantry Division. On 1 September 1993, the division was inactivated, and the 26th Infantry Brigade remained in its place, based in Springfield. The 3rd and 43rd brigades, 26th Infantry Division were inactivated, and the 86th Infantry Brigade was put under the command of the 42nd Infantry Division . On 1 October 1995, the brigade was formally designated the 26th Brigade, 29th Infantry Division. The divisional cavalry

2262-565: The command of the colonial governor, but, in practice, operated as independent units. The regimental organization did much to improve the organization and leadership of the militia. Three years later the Hampshire Regiment was raised in Springfield, MA ; today's 104th Infantry Regiment traces its origins to that unit. During King Philip's War (1675-1678), 25 of New England's 90 towns were attacked and pillaged by native tribal warriors and

2320-592: The companies of adjacent towns would be organized into regiments commanded by colonels. The regiments, in turn, were organized into brigades commanded by brigadier generals. In 1692 Plymouth Colony merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony and its militia became part of the Massachusetts Militia. The military history of Plymouth Colony began in February 1621 when Captain Myles Standish was named commander of

2378-402: The company delivered the 2000th trainer to the Army. On 27 July 1944, the company delivered its 10,000th primary trainer. The Kaydet was a conventional biplane of rugged construction, with a large, fixed tailwheel undercarriage, and accommodation for the student and instructor in open cockpits in tandem. The radial engine was usually not cowled, although some Stearman operators choose to cowl

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2436-498: The engine, most notably the Red Baron Stearman Squadron . After World War II, thousands of surplus PT-17s were auctioned off to civilians and former military pilots. Many were modified for crop-dusting use, with a hopper for pesticide or fertilizer fitted in place of the front cockpit. Additional equipment included pumps, spray bars, and nozzles mounted below the lower wings. A popular approved modification to increase

2494-532: The family that made it possible. In 1939-40 the administration building, hangar, and the beacon light were built with grant money totaling near $ 90,000. Soon a passenger service started: on October 28, 1937, a 10-passenger tri-motor Stinson began weekly flights between Westfield and Newark, New Jersey . American Airlines DC-3s operated out of Westfield 1938 to 1950 and Mohawk DC-3s 1953 to 1959. The January 1951 chart shows 4970-ft runway 2, 3970-ft runway 9, and 5000-ft runway 15; same nine years later except runway 2

2552-606: The main terminal building houses many flying vintage aircraft including WWII training aircraft such as the Fairchild PT-23, Boeing-Stearman Model 75 , de Havilland Tiger Moth , and a Cessna UC-78 Bobcat project. The museum has monthly events during the warmer months where visitors can experience an active general aviation airport offering a unique living history experience. • Westfield Aviation Museum (Museum) Five Star Jet Center (FBO/Flight School) Massachusetts Army National Guard The Massachusetts National Guard

2610-503: The maximum takeoff weight and climb performance involved fitting a larger Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior engine and a constant-speed propeller . Data from: United States Navy aircraft since 1911, Boeing aircraft since 1916 8,584 Model 70s, 75s and 76s were built, with additional "spares" bringing the number up to the sometimes quoted 10,346. The U.S. Army Air Forces Model 75 Kaydet had three different designations, PT-13, PT-17 and PT-18, depending on which type of radial engine

2668-477: The merger of the colonies, the Plymouth Colony militia became a brigade within the Massachusetts Militia. Prior to the American Revolution, Massachusetts' armed citizens were organized into two major elements. There was the "regular" militia, which consisted of all white males age 16 to 60, and the minutemen who were better trained and equipped and who could react more quickly to an emergency - theoretically on

2726-474: The newest FBO, operating in the new terminal building which includes a conference room, weather facilities, and comprehensive pilot services. They sell Shell fuel and provide typical FBO services including de-icing,storage and tie down. Aero Design Aircraft Services - formerly Aero Design Concepts is a GA maintenance facility providing maintenance, repair, and servicing. They also offer interiors and upholstery to all G A aircraft. Established in 1984, Aero Design

2784-406: The re-authorization bill concerning the guard and it was deactivated. The Massachusetts National Guard has helped to administrate the COVID-19 vaccine in places such as Springfield, East Boston, and Danvers to civilians. Up to 250 members of the Massachusetts National Guard were activated and trained to drive school transport vans, known as 7D vehicles after a mass shortage of bus drivers due to

2842-497: The state: the 182d Infantry Regimental Combat Team and the 104th Antiaircraft Artillery Brigade . The Guard was still in the process of rebuilding when the Korean War broke out in June 1950. The 26th Division was considered for active duty, but eight non-divisional units were ordered into active duty as part of the Army's expansion instead. In 1963 the 26th Cavalry was created to provide the divisional reconnaissance squadron. During

2900-672: Was 7000 ft. In the last 50 years the airport has expanded to 1,200 acres and added a VORTAC and an ILS . In 1974 the Air Traffic Control Tower opened. A $ 7.6 million construction project started in April 2020 to rebuild runway 15–33. The last reconstruction of this runway was completed in 1970's. As of 2020 the Massachusetts Air National Guard base is the home of the 104th Fighter Wing . The airport covers 1,200 acres (5 km) at an elevation of 270 feet (82 m). It has two asphalt runways: 2/20

2958-426: Was a state military force which could be mobilized by the governor to augment the National Guard. The MSDF was composed of former members of the United States Armed Forces who live in Massachusetts and serve on a voluntary basis unless called to active duty. The MSDF's three major specialties were administrative support, professional support and medical support. Upon entering office in 2016 Governor Baker declined to sign

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3016-453: Was great concern that the British would attack other cities on the New England coast. Massachusetts militia units were called into service to reinforce coastal fortifications protecting Boston and other locations. The 181st Infantry Regiment (United States) , 182nd Infantry Regiment (United States) , 101st Field Artillery Regiment and the 772nd Military Police Company are four of only twenty Army National Guard units with campaign credit for

3074-452: Was installed. A considerable number of Stearmans remain in flying condition throughout the world, as the type remains a popular sport plane and warbird . Data from United States Military Aircraft since 1909 General characteristics Performance An iconic movie image is a Stearman cropduster chasing Cary Grant across a field in North by Northwest (the airplane that chased Grant

3132-578: Was killed in Kajaki , Afghanistan by a roadside bomb during a combat patrol. He was part of Company C, 1st Battalion, 20th Special Forces Group . The Massachusetts National Guard is divided into the Massachusetts Army National Guard and the Massachusetts Air National Guard. Officers in the Guard hold two commissions - one from the Governor of Massachusetts and the other from the President of

3190-414: Was named Westfield Aviation Field and was dedicated on October 12, 1923. As the field gained in popularity, Vincent Barnes leased the city another 27-acre (110,000 m) plot, with a fee of $ 1 per year starting in 1927. In 1936 Mrs. Barnes and her daughter Saddie Knox donated an additional 297 acres (1.2 km) to the city of Westfield; shortly thereafter, the City Council voted to name the airport after

3248-431: Was no military training requirement for members of the enrolled militia. The volunteer militia, named the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia (MVM) were those individuals who joined MVM and conducted regular training. The MVM was organized into three divisions with two brigades each. Each brigade consisted for two or three regiments. Regiments were organized into companies which would be from one or more municipalities. During

3306-411: Was reorganized into the 26th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, 42nd Infantry Division . In 2008, the 26th IBCT was reorganized as the 26th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade (MEB), a combat support brigade, located at Camp Curtis Guild , MA. In 2005 the long-serving 104th Infantry Regiment was inactivated, followed by the 102nd Field Artillery Regiment in 2006. On October 29, 2007, Major Jeffrey R. Calero

3364-424: Was retitled into the 110th Cavalry , but then disestablished in 1996. In 2004, the 26th Brigade transitioned into the 26th (Yankee) Infantry Brigade Combat Team. Numerous Massachusetts National Guard units have been called into Federal service to serve in both Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2021 and in Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq from 2003 to 2011. In 2005 the 26th Infantry Brigade

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