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Barnards Green

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89-510: Barnards Green is one of the main population areas of Malvern, Worcestershire , England, situated approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) east and downhill from Great Malvern , the town's traditional centre. The southern part of Barnards Green constitutes the major part of the Chase ward of the civil parish governed by Malvern Town Council. As well as Barnards Green, the ward also includes the extensive Ministry of Defence property occupied by QinetiQ ,

178-514: A Royal forest , the area and the surrounding chase were subject to forest law. By Tudor times, royal lands had become used as commons and forest law had fallen into disuse. During the Dissolution of the Monasteries the local commissioners were instructed to ensure that abbey churches used for parish worship, should continue or could be purchased by parishioners. Malvern Priory was thus acquired by

267-440: A Victorian Villa , which was built on the site of Hermitage Cottage. The cottage was demolished in 1825 and ecclesiastical carvings were found in it, along with a mediaeval undercroft , human bones, and parts of a coffin. Although the legend may be monastic mythology, historians have however concluded that St. Werstan was the original martyr. The first prior, Aldwyn , founded the monastery on his bishop's advice, and by 1135

356-436: A Finance Officer, two Operations Managers, an Operations Supervisor, and eight Grounds Maintenance Operatives. The wards are based on the distribution of the population and generally ignore the names of the neighbourhoods and suburbs they contain, and use loaned names: The town centre comprises two main streets at right angles to each other: the steep Church Street and Bellevue Terrace, a relatively flat north–south extension of

445-583: A William Pinnocke and with it, much of the 15th century stained glass windows. The monastic buildings were taken apart and anything usable was sold off. With the exception of the church building (of which the south transept adjoining the monastery's cloisters was destroyed), all that remains of Malvern's monastery is the Abbey Gateway (also known as the Priory Gatehouse) that houses today's Malvern Museum . The contemporary antiquary John Leland described

534-620: A commercial hotel, the Assembly Rooms and Gardens, and many excursions on foot, pony and by carriage. Other descriptions of the diversions mention bands, quadrilles, cricket (residents vs visitors) and billiard rooms. The Duchess of Teck stayed, with her daughter Mary (later queen consort of George V ), in Malvern in the Autumn of 1891, joined by Lady Eva Greville. and the Duke of Teck . The Duchess

623-454: A former hotel, opposite Great Malvern railway station , has a tunnel (now derelict) to the basement of the building, which is visible from both platforms of the station. Malvern began to develop into a modern town in the early 1900s, with a continuing strong agricultural presence. Modernisation continued, and the World War II years transformed the population and its activities, establishing

712-583: A further population boost in 1942 when the Telecommunications Research Establishment (TRE) relocated to Malvern to occupy a site having two of its main entrances in the Barnards Green area. In the early 1950s the construction of the large Pound Bank council estate led to an increase in the population, and to the commercial activity in the shopping centre. Population figures for Barnards Green as an area are not recorded separately. At

801-474: A pilgrimage route through the town. The discussion also mentions Thomas Walsingham 's view that Malvern was a hiding place of the Lollard knight Sir John Oldcastle in 1414. Chambers wrote, in relation to the stained glass, "the situation of Malvern was so much admired by Henry VII , his Queen ( Elizabeth of York ) and their two Sons, Prince Arthur , and Prince Henry " that they made substantial endowments. As

890-665: A residential spa. Several large hotels and many of the large villas date from its heyday. Many smaller hotels and guest houses were built between about 1842 and 1875. By 1855 there were already 95 hotels and boarding houses and by 1865 over a quarter of the town's 800 houses were hospitality venues. Most were in Great Malvern, the town centre, while others were in the surrounding settlements of Malvern Wells , Malvern Link , North Malvern and West Malvern . Queen Adelaide visited St. Ann's Well in September 1842. "Throughout

979-523: A short distance away in North End Lane. A basketball facility constructed in 2021 lies partway between Barnards Green and Malvern Link . Great Malvern railway station is located in Avenue Road about 0.3 miles (0.48 km) from the Barnards Green roundabout, and provides direct services to Worcester , Hereford , Birmingham, Oxford and London. Several local bus services connect Barnards Green with

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1068-499: A small village centred on its priory to a town with many large hotels and Victorian and Edwardian country villas. Malvern's population grew in 1942 when the Telecommunications Research Establishment (TRE) moved to Malvern, bringing 2,500 employees, increasing to around 3,500 by 1945. In the early 1950s, several large housing estates were built in Malvern by the government to provide accommodation for

1157-411: A spa and area of natural beauty, and fully exploiting its new rail connections, factories from as far as Manchester were organising day trips for their employees, often attracting as many as 5,000 visitors a day. In 1865, a public meeting of residents denounced the rising rail fares – by then twice that of other lines – that were exploiting the tourism industry, and demanded a limitation to

1246-583: A town of six wards under the Malvern Urban District Council. In 1934 the boundaries changed again, and those areas came under the control of the Malvern council. Residents of Malvern Town in the six Malvern Town Council electoral wards are represented by 15 elected members. The council is supported by a team of senior executives that includes a Town Clerk, a Deputy Town Clerk, a PA to the Town Clerk and chairman, an Operations and Events Officer,

1335-487: Is dedicated to Malvern water. Great Malvern station , a listed example of classical Victorian railway architecture, is close to the nearby former Imperial Hotel by the same architect, E. W. Elmslie. Malvern's rapid urbanisation during the latter half of the 19th century spread eastwards and northwards from Great Malvern, the traditional town centre on the steep flank of the Worcestershire Beacon, and engulfed

1424-410: Is highly variable. When winter low pressure systems move from south-west to north-east the Malvern area is often on the northern flank, meaning heavy snowfall while areas further south and east receive rain or no precipitation at all. However, when snowfall arrives by means of convective showers driven by northerly, north–westerly or north–easterly winds the area tends to be one of the least snowy parts of

1513-517: Is marked by the Twelve Apostles Island, a pear-shaped traffic roundabout in the central shopping area with its Art Deco style memorial bus shelter, and the nearby Hand of Peace sculpture in Portland stone by artist Rose Garrard . while several large housing developments around the main shopping area such as Pound Bank, are referred to by more local names. Almost every kind of urban commerce

1602-708: Is mentioned in the Domesday Book . A motte-and-bailey castle built on the top tier of the earthworks of the British Camp just before the Norman Conquest was probably founded by the Saxon Earl Harold Godwinson of Hereford. It was destroyed by King Henry II in 1155. The town developed around its 11th-century priory, a Benedictine monastery , of which only the large parish church and the abbey gateway remain. Several slightly different histories explain

1691-610: Is one of the most important agricultural shows in the UK, and can be traced back to 1797. It attracts an average of 93,000 visitors over its three-day event, and the event almost doubles the town's local population. The showground also hosts the Royal Horticultural Society 's Spring Gardening Show, followed by many other events throughout the year including other regular gardening shows. The Lobelia pioneers William Crump and Dr. Brent Elliott worked in Malvern and were awarded

1780-421: Is represented in the immediate area of the island by around 60 shops and offices, including a butcher, bakery, patisserie, Post Office, cafe, locksmith, DIY store, convenience stores, a supermarket, a small industrial complex, retirement homes, a guest house, law offices, and a variety of snack bars, and traditional and ethnic take-aways . The larger of Malvern's two secondary schools, The Chase , administered by

1869-504: Is the largest place in the parliamentary constituency of West Worcestershire and the district of Malvern Hills , being also the district's administrative seat. It lies adjacent to the Malvern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . The civil parish is governed by Malvern Town Council from its offices in Great Malvern. The name Malvern is derived from the ancient British or old Welsh moel-bryn , meaning "Bare or Bald Hill",

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1958-622: The A449 which forms Malvern's western extremity along the flank of the hills. Among the many shops are two large modern supermarkets, both in Edith Walk, formerly a steep and unmade lane that served the rear entrances of the shops in Church Street. Many of the traditional high street shops such as butchers, bakers, grocers etc., are now health food shops , art and craft shops, charity shops, law firms, and estate agents. The offices of Malvern Town Council,

2047-485: The Malvern Hills Conservators to acquire land to prevent further encroachment on common land and by 1925 they had bought much of the manorial wastelands. Towards the end of the 19th century, the popularity of the hydrotherapy had declined to the extent that many hotels were already being converted into private boarding schools and rest homes, and education became the basis of Malvern's economy. By 1865,

2136-585: The Malvern Hills Conservators , The Malvern Hills AONB Partnership, and Malvern Hills District Council are in the town centre. The town's amenities include the Malvern Theatres complex, the Priory Park, the Splash leisure and swimming complex, the main library, the police station, the tourist information centre, and the museum. In the heart of the town is a statue of the composer Edward Elgar , while other statuary

2225-489: The Malvern Hills local government district (39.7%) and England (45.5%). According to the census, 2.3% were unemployed and 35.0% were economically inactive. 19.7% of the population were under the age of 16 and 11.5% were aged 75 and over; the mean age of the people of the civil parish was 41.5. 66.8% of residents described their health as "good", similar to the average of 69.1% for the wider district. The 2011 census found

2314-527: The Morgan Motor Company , one of the world's longest-existing private constructors of automobiles produced in series. The Morgan Motor Car is a traditional sports roadster and over the years has become a 'cult' vehicle, exported all over the world from the factory in Malvern Link. Specialist glass tubing and microscope slides are produced by Chance Brothers in their factory in Malvern next door to

2403-655: The National Exhibition Centre (NEC) and Tamworth on the way, serving the east of the Birmingham metropolitan area . The section between the M40 and junction 4 of the M6 forms – though unsigned as such – a part of Euroroute E05 . Northwards beyond junction 11, the route is continued as the A42 ; the junctions on this section, 12–14, are numbered like a continuation of the motorway, but

2492-559: The Office for National Statistics groups the population of the North Malvern ward of the Malvern civil parish with that of the West Malvern civil parish. For every 100 females, there were 91.7 males. The average household size was 2.4. Of those aged 16–74 in Malvern, 48.1% had no academic qualifications or one General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE), above the figures for all of

2581-666: The Romans at the British Camp , a site of extensive Iron Age earthworks on a summit of the Malvern Hills close to where Malvern was to be later established. The story remains disputed, however, as Roman historian Tacitus implies a site closer to the river Severn. There is therefore no evidence that Roman presence ended the prehistoric settlement at British Camp. However, excavations at nearby Midsummer Hill fort, Bredon Hill , and Croft Ambrey all show evidence of violent destruction around

2670-637: The Royal Air Force (RAF), during World War II and the years that followed. It was regarded as "the most brilliant and successful of the English wartime research establishments" under " [Albert] Rowe , who saw more of the English scientific choices between 1935 and 1945 than any single man". TRE and RRDE merged in 1953 to form the Radar Research Establishment (RRE), which was further renamed to Royal Radar Establishment (also RRE) in 1955. In 2001,

2759-823: The Victoria Medal of Honour of the Royal Horticultural Society. A tea rose was named for the Malvern rose grower Mrs. Foley Hobbs in 1910 (see page 119 of cited work ). As well as agricultural and horticultural shows, the showground holds regular antique and flea markets throughout the year. These have become some of the largest in the UK, attracting thousands of visitors each year. M42 motorway The M42 motorway runs north east from Bromsgrove in Worcestershire to just south west of Ashby-de-la-Zouch in Leicestershire , passing Redditch , Solihull ,

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2848-467: The 1840s and 1850s Malvern attracted a stream of celebrated visitors, including royalty." Patients included Charles Darwin , Catherine, wife of Charles Dickens , Thomas Carlyle , Florence Nightingale , Lord Lytton , who was an outspoken advocate of the waters, Lord Tennyson and Samuel Wilberforce . The extension of the railway from Worcester to Malvern Link was completed on 25 May 1859. The following year, "Besides middle class visitors ...

2937-603: The Confessor granting the charter for the site, and Werstan's martyrdom. An 18th-century document states that in the 18th year of the reign of William the Conqueror (probably 1083), a priory was dedicated to St Mary the Virgin. Victoria County History describes how a hermit Aldwyn, who lived in the reign of Edward the Confessor, had petitioned the Earl of Gloucester for the original site (of

3026-641: The Late Bronze Age to the Norman Conquest , shown by methods of archaeological petrology. Via the River Severn , products were traded as far as South Wales . The Longdon and other marshes at the foot of Malvern Chase were grazed by cattle. "Woodland management was considerable", providing fuel for the kilns. Little is known about Malvern over the next thousand years until it is described as "an hermitage, or some kind of religious house, for seculars, before

3115-601: The M5 North. Instead traffic had to use the A38 between M5 junction 4 and M42 junction 1. Junction 3a was remodelled to give priority to traffic operating between the now westbound section of the M42 and the extended M40 motorway , which opened in stages between December 1989 and January 1991. The section of the M42 between junctions 7A and 9 was re-built as part of the M6 Toll works and now forms

3204-681: The M6 with the A5 at Tamworth in December 1985. The southern section of the motorway to Alvechurch just north of Redditch to form a junction with the A441 and from A5 at Tamworth with the A444 at Measham opened in 1986. In 1987, the section to the A38 at Bromsgrove , 15 miles (24 km) south of Birmingham was completed. and then in December 1989, the motorway was completed with

3293-519: The M6. Active Traffic Management (ATM) was launched as a pilot scheme on the M42 operating between junction 3a and 7 with mandatory variable speed limits, hard shoulder running, better driver information signs and a new incident management system. This system allows operators to open and close any lane to traffic in order to help manage congestion or an incident. Between 2006 and 2007, journey times have decreased by 26% northbound and 9% southbound and journey time variability has decreased by 27%. Due to

3382-591: The Malvern Hills and Hanley Castle . An Elizabethan land grant of 1558 mentions Holy Well. A Crown grant of tithes in 1589 mentions lambs, pigs, calves, eggs, hemp and flax. Elizabeth made her Chancellor, Sir Thomas Bromley , the Lord of the Manor . King Charles I attempted to enclose and sell two thirds of the Chase, as part of a wider attempt to raise revenue for the Crown from the sale of Royal forests . The attempts to enclose

3471-619: The Malvern – Gloucester – Cheltenham route 377 (Saturdays only) operated by Diamond, stopping at the Court Road shops and the Barnards Green bus shelter. The nearest major airport is Birmingham approximately one hour by road via the M5 and M4 2 motorways. Gloucestershire Airport located at Staverton, in the Borough of Tewkesbury near Malvern is a busy General Aviation airport used mainly for private charter and scheduled flights to destinations such as

3560-703: The Morgan Motor works. Malvern is a centre for agricultural industry . The 70-acre (280,000 m ) Three Counties Showground , operated by the Three Counties Agricultural Society, is a few miles to the south of Malvern on the road to Upton upon Severn . It has been the permanent venue for the Royal Three Counties Show, held each year in June, since 1958. Representing the counties of Worcestershire , Herefordshire and Gloucestershire , it

3649-582: The Priory) in the wood, and cites his source as "Gervase of Canterbury, Mappa Mundi (Rolls ser.)". Large estates in Malvern were part of crown lands given to Gilbert "the Red" , the seventh Earl of Gloucester and sixth Earl of Hertford, on his marriage to Joan of Acre the daughter of Edward I , in 1290. Disputed hunting rights on these led to several armed conflicts with Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford that Edward resolved. Nott states that Gilbert made gifts to

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3738-514: The Priory, and describes his "great conflict" with Thomas de Cantilupe , Bishop of Hereford , also about hunting rights and a ditch that Gilbert dug, that was settled by costly litigation. Gilbert had a similar conflict with Godfrey Giffard , Bishop and Administrator of Worcester Cathedral (and formerly Chancellor of England ). Godfrey, who had granted land to the Priory, had jurisdictional disputes about Malvern Priory , resolved by Robert Burnell ,

3827-709: The Reverend Edmund Rea, who became Vicar of Great Malvern in 1612". The occulist Richard Banister wrote about the Eye Well , close to the Holy Well , in a short poem in his Breviary of the Eyes (see Malvern water ), in 1622. In 1756, Dr. John Wall published a 14-page pamphlet on the benefits of Malvern water, that reached a 158-page 3rd edition in 1763. Further praise came from the botanist Benjamin Stillingfleet in 1757,

3916-534: The Spring Lane Industrial Estate that was developed in the 1960s and the adjoining Enigma Business Park that was begun in the 1990s. Pipe organs have been built in Malvern since 1841 by Nicholson Organs . Nicholson organs can be found in Gloucester and Portsmouth Cathedrals, and Great Malvern Priory. Cars have been constructed in Malvern since 1894 by Santler (Britains first petrol car) and 1910 by

4005-408: The UK, owing to its sheltered positioning. At the 2011 UK census , the civil parish of Malvern had a population of 29,626. Together with the neighbouring parishes of West Malvern, Malvern Wells, Little Malvern and Newland (the settlements of which largely unite with that of Malvern) the population of the wider "Malverns" urban area is 34,517 (as of 2011). For the purposes of statistical reporting

4094-605: The White British ethnic group to be by far the largest in Malvern with 93.2% identifying as such. The next largest ethnic group was White Other, which accounted for 3.2% of the population, followed by the Asian and Mixed Race categories, which made up 1.9% and 1.2% of the population. Black ethnic groups made up 0.3% and the Other group constituted 0.2% of the population. The area remained a village and cluster of manors and farms until "taking of

4183-618: The Worcestershire Educational Services, draws 1,400 students aged 11 – 18 from the Malvern district and is located a few hundred yards away from the village centre in Geraldine Road, and two primary schools are located in the immediate area. The home ground of Malvern Town Football Club is located approximately 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from the traffic island, in Langland Avenue with Barnards Green Cricket Club being

4272-408: The actual founding of the religious community. Legend tells that the settlement began following the murder of St. Werstan , a monk of Deerhurst , who fled from the Danes and took refuge in the woods of Malvern, where the hermitage had been established. St Werstan's oratory is thought to have been on the site of St Michael 's Chapel , which is believed to have stood on the site of Bello Sguardo,

4361-450: The area around 1000 BC, although it is not known whether these settlements were permanent or temporary. The town itself was founded in the 11th century when Benedictine monks established a priory at the foot of the highest peak of Malvern Hills. During the 19th century Malvern developed rapidly from a village to a sprawling conurbation owing to its popularity as a hydrotherapy spa based on its spring waters . Immediately following

4450-442: The campus of The Chase school, the village of Poolbrook , and the largely rural south-eastern area of the adjoining Poolbrook and Malvern commons. To the north, the Barnards Green area spills into the Pickersleigh ward. As with the rest of Malvern, Barnards Green owes much of its development to the area's rapid expansion from a cluster of hamlets and manors to a busy spa town during the mid-19th century. Barnards Green experienced

4539-440: The centre of Barnard's Green is a pear-shaped roundabout where the Barnards Green Road, B4211 / B4208 from the town centre, Pickersleigh Road (B4208), Upper Chase Road, Barnards Green Road (which forks to become Poolbrook Road (B4208) and Guarlford Road (B4211), Court Road, and Avenue Road all meet. Barnards Green is a short walk away from the Great Malvern railway station , a listed Victorian building. The centre of Barnard's Green

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4628-437: The conquest, endowed by the gift of Edward the Confessor ". The additions to William Dugdale 's Monasticon include an extract from the Pleas taken before the King at York in 1387, stating that there was a congregation of hermits at Malvern "some time before the conquest". Although a Malvern priory existed before the Norman Conquest , it is the settlement of nearby Little Malvern , the site of another, smaller priory, that

4717-447: The crest of the hills near the site of later settlements. The Wyche Cutting, a pass through the hills, was in use in prehistoric times as part of the salt route from Droitwich to South Wales. A 19th-century discovery of over two hundred metal money bars suggests that the area had been inhabited by the La Tène people around 250 BC. Ancient folklore has it that the British chieftain Caractacus made his last stand against

4806-416: The current Chancellor. A discussion in 2005 about the stained glass windows of the Priory Church in terms of the relationship between Church and Laity stresses the importance of Malvern in the development of stained glass. It refers to "the vast and strategically important estates of which Malvern was a part" in the 15th and 16th centuries, to a widespread awareness of Malvern Priory , to the likelihood of

4895-432: The decline of spa tourism towards the end of the 19th century, the town's focus shifted to education with the establishment of several private boarding schools in former hotels and large villas . A further major expansion was the result of the relocation of the Telecommunications Research Establishment (TRE) to Malvern in 1942. QinetiQ , TRE's successor company, remained the town's largest local employer in 2009. Malvern

4984-505: The east to the Malvern Hills on the west. Guarlford became a separate civil parish in 1894 when, under the Local Government Act of 1894 , urban district councils were created for Malvern and Malvern Link. The Guarlford parish covered much of eastern Malvern, including parts of Great Malvern, Pickersleigh, Poolbrook , Barnards Green , Hall Green and Sherrard's Green . By 1900 however, the urban districts of Malvern and Malvern Link amalgamated, absorbing parts of neighbouring parishes to create

5073-600: The facility was partly transferred from governmental ownership to private ownership, and became QinetiQ . The DSTL , which is the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, has since closed down, with the remaining staff moving to other DSTL sites. With the recognised science and technology developments in the Malvern area, Malvern Hills Science Park was built in 1999, and is now home to over 30 science and technological businesses, including, UTC Aerospace Systems (formerly Goodrich Corporation ), and Textlocal . Other manufacturing and service industries are mainly grouped in

5162-427: The foot of the Malvern Hills , a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . The centre of Malvern, Great Malvern , is a historic conservation area, which grew dramatically in Victorian times due to the natural mineral water springs in the vicinity, including Malvern Water . At the 2021 census it had a population of 30,462. It includes Great Malvern on the steep eastern flank of the Malvern Hills , as well as

5251-419: The former independent urban district of Malvern Link . Many of the major suburbs and settlements that comprise the town are separated by large tracts of open common land and fields, and together with smaller civil parishes adjoining the town's boundaries and the hills, the built up area is often referred to collectively as The Malverns. Archaeological evidence suggests that Bronze Age people had settled in

5340-570: The industrial Midlands within commuting distance by car. With this development came the construction of large private housing developments. The town continues to swell as increasingly more farmland, especially in the Malvern Link area between the villages of Guarlford and Newland , is turned over to housing projects creating new communities and suburbs. Due to frequent merging of parishes and changes in boundaries, accurate figures based on specific areas are not available. Since 1942, research and development into defence physics and electronics has been

5429-468: The islands of Jersey , Guernsey , and the Isle of Man , pilot training, and by the aircraft of emergency services. Charles Hastings , founder of the British Medical Association , spent his final years at Hastings House in Barnards Green. Malvern, Worcestershire Malvern ( / ˈ m ɔː l v ər n , ˈ m ɒ l -/ , locally also: / ˈ m ɔː v ər n / ) is a spa town and civil parish in Worcestershire , England. It lies at

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5518-465: The lands, used as commons, resulted in riots, part of a pattern of disturbances that ran across the disafforested royal lands. In 1633, the Court of Exchequer Chamber decreed the rights of the public to two thirds of the lands on the Malvern Hills, and rights of Sir Cornelius Vermuyden and his descendants, and the Crown, to one third (quoted in the preamble to the Malvern Hills Act of 1884). By that time, Malvern had become an established community and

5607-407: The link between the M6 and the southern end of the toll road. The M6 Toll opened in 2003. Active Traffic Management with hard shoulder running and variable speed limits were introduced in 2006. Since the 1980s, there have been constant plans to build a new service station on the motorway south of Birmingham Airport and the NEC, but this has yet to be built. Along with sections of the M5 and M6,

5696-478: The local topography means summer warmth can become emphasised by a slight foehn effect off the surrounding hills. The record maximum stands at 35.8c(96.4f) set in August 1990. Typically 17.3 days of the year will reach 25.1c(77.2f) or higher and the annual warmest day should reach 29.8c(85.6f) according to the 1971–00 observing period. Winter temperature inversions can also occur given the correct conditions allowing very low minima to occur. Nonetheless, on average

5785-418: The major settlement in the Malvern Chase. The purported health-giving properties of Malvern water and the natural beauty of the surroundings led to the development of Malvern as a spa, with resources for invalids for tourists. According to legend, the curative benefit of the spring water was known in mediaeval times. The medicinal value and the bottling of Malvern water are mentioned "in a poem attributed to

5874-528: The major source of employment in Malvern, when, during World War II, the Telecommunications Research Establishment (TRE) moved there from Worth Matravers on the south coast, for safety from enemy action. The Radar Research and Development Establishment (RRDE) was moved to Malvern at the same time. Initially, TRE was housed at Malvern College. TRE was the main United Kingdom research and development organization for radio navigation , radar , infrared detection for heat-seeking missiles, and related work for

5963-411: The manors and farms in the immediate area. It was often the farms, such as Pickersleigh (now known as Pickersleigh Court and previously known as Pickersleigh House), near Great Malvern, and the Howsells in Malvern Link which merged with Great Malvern in 1900 that gave their names to many of the new neighbourhoods. The urban agglomeration continued to spread, and by the middle of the 20th century had reached

6052-408: The many changes in local government infrastructure since the beginning of the 20th century, the importance and distinction by local boundaries of the historical areas of Great Malvern, Malvern Link, North Malvern, Cowleigh, and other neighbourhoods, have been lost. The original parish of Great Malvern included the hamlet of Guarlford and the chapelry of Newland, and stretched from the River Severn on

6141-408: The modern equivalent being the Welsh moelfryn (bald hill). It has been known as Malferna (11th century), Malverne (12th century), and Much Malvern (16–17th century). Flint axes, arrowheads, and flakes found in the area are attributed to early Bronze Age settlers, and the "Shire Ditch", a late Bronze Age boundary earthwork possibly dating from around 1000 BC, was constructed along part of

6230-437: The monastery included thirty monks. Aldwyn was succeeded by Walcher of Malvern , an astronomer and philosopher from Lorraine in France, whose gravestone inside the priory church records details that the priory arose in 1085 from a hermitage endowed by Edward the Confessor. An ancient stained glass window in the Priory church depicts the legend of St. Werstan, with details of his vision, the consecration of his chapel, Edward

6319-429: The number of excursion trains. The arrival of the railway also enabled the delivery of coal in large quantities, which accelerated the area's popularity as a winter resort. The 1887 Baedeker 's includes Malvern in a London–Worcester–Hereford itinerary and described as "an inland health resort, famous for its bracing air and pleasant situation" and "a great educational centre", with five hotels that are "well spoken of",

6408-692: The opening of the link from the M5. A planned section north of the M6 running to the M1 near Nottingham was never constructed as planned being replaced by the A42 link, a trunk road which was completed in August 1989 to link with the M1 motorway near Nottingham . When first built, there was no direct connection between the M5 South and M42. Westbound M42 traffic similarly had no direct connection to

6497-509: The poet Thomas Warton in 1790, and William Addison , the physician of the Duchess of Kent (mother of Queen Victoria ) in 1828, all quoted in a review by the medical historian W.H. McMenemy. In his lecture about Malvern at the Royal Institution , Addison spoke of "its pure and invigorating air, the excellence of its water, and the romantic beauty of its scenery". Similar views appeared in

6586-545: The press, Nicholas Vansittart brought his wife Catherine to Malvern for a rest cure in 1809. Chambers, in his book about Malvern, praised Elizabeth, Countess Harcourt (daughter-in-law of the 1st Earl Harcourt ), whose patronage contributed to the development of hillside walks. Bottling and shipping of the Malvern water grew in volume. In 1842, Dr. James Wilson and Dr. James Manby Gully , leading exponents of hydrotherapy , set up clinics in Malvern (Holyrood House for women and Tudor House for men). Malvern expanded rapidly as

6675-557: The railway also brought working class excursionists from the Black Country with dramatic effect ... At Whitsuntide ... 10,000 came from the Black Country to the newly opened stations at Great Malvern and Malvern Wells. Throughout June to September, day trips were frequent, causing the "town to be crowded with 'the most curious specimens of the British shopkeeper and artisan on an outing' ". Following Malvern's new-found fame as

6764-487: The region is one of the warmest non-coastal areas in the UK, with overall night time minima in particular rivalling more urban areas. Indeed, despite the notable low absolute minima (several weather-observing sites nearby having fallen below −20 °C in the past) the annual average frost ratio is a mere 33 days per year (1971–00), actually lower than more urbanised weather station locations such as London's Heathrow Airport. A new absolute minimum of −19.5 °C (−3.1 °F)

6853-458: The road has non-motorway status from here. Plans for a new motorway by-passing the south and east of Birmingham , reaching Tamworth and connecting the M5 and M6 motorways, were announced in 1972. The first section opened in November 1976 linking Birmingham Airport with the M6 motorway . The curve around the south-eastern side of Solihull opened in September 1985 followed by the section from

6942-653: The southern sections of the M42 form the Birmingham Outer Ring Road motorway around Birmingham. Much like the M25 around London, and the M60 around Manchester , there are areas where this orbital system does not work well. One such point is junction 3A, the link between the M42 and the M40, where traffic is often heavy in the rush hour . The intersection between the M42 and M6 is often very busy too, especially when travelling along

7031-413: The staff and their families. A significant proportion of the current population of Malvern are present and former employees of the facility (now called QinetiQ ), and its previously attached military contingent from REME and other units of all three British armed forces. Malvern had already become an overspill for the nearby city of Worcester, and the new motorways constructed in the early 1960s brought

7120-620: The suburban parishes of West Malvern, Malvern Wells , Newland , Madresfield , and Guarlford . Malvern lies in the Lower Severn/Avon plain affording it a degree of shelter caused by virtue of its nestling in between the Cotswold hills to the east, the Welsh Hills and Mountains to the west, and Birmingham plateau to the north. Although as with all the British Isles it has a maritime climate,

7209-455: The success of the trial this system was later extended northbound to junction 9 of the M42 (and onto the adjacent M6 to junction 5) and southbound along the M40 to junction 15 as part of the first phase of a nationwide roll out of the rebranded 'Managed motorways; concept. As of 2022 work is under construction on a new junction (5A) located between Solihull junction 5 and Birmingham Airport/NEC junction 6 and 2.4KM of new dual carriageway alongside

7298-525: The surrounding area including the 42, S42 operated by Astons coaches stopping in Barnards Green bus shelter. Serving areas further afield are: the Malvern to Worcester route 44, 44A, 44B operated by First Diamond serving stops at the Barnards Green bus shelter and Pound Bank; The Worcester – Upton-upon-Severn – Malvern route 362/363 operated by Diamond serves that stops at the Barnards Green bus shelter and

7387-401: The town already had 17 single-gender private schools, increasing to 25 by 1885. The area was well suited for schools due to its established attractive environment and access by rail. Children could travel unaccompanied with their trunks by rail to their boarding schools near the stations in Great Malvern, Malvern Wells, and Malvern Link. Malvern St James (formerly Malvern Girls College), in

7476-523: The town as a centre of scientific research. Malvern is a town and civil parish governed at the lowest tier of local government by Malvern Town Council, part of the Malvern Hills District of the County of Worcestershire (a district comprising 68 civil parishes and 22 electoral wards ). The ward boundaries were redefined from the wards of the former Malvern Urban District Council (1900–1974). Through

7565-523: The water" in Malvern became popularised by Dr. Wall in 1756. By the 1820s the Baths and the Pump Room were opened; in 1842 Drs. James Wilson and James Manby Gully opened up water cure establishments in the town centre. By the middle of the 19th century, with the arrival of the railway, bath houses and other establishments catering for the health tourists flourished. By the early 20th century Malvern had developed from

7654-516: The year 48 AD. This may suggest that the British Camp was abandoned or destroyed around the same time. A study made by Royal Commission in 2005 that includes aerial photographs of the Hills "amply demonstrates the archaeological potential of this largely neglected landscape, and provides food for thought for a number of research projects". A pottery industry based on the Malverns left remains dating from

7743-575: Was "perfectly enchanted with Malvern and its surroundings" and, with the Duke, visited Malvern College . The Duchess returned to open the new waterworks at Camp Hill in 1895. In 1897, the painter Edward Burne-Jones came to Malvern for the "bracing air", on the recommendation of his doctor, but stayed in his hotel for a week. The 7-year-old Franklin D. Roosevelt visited in 1889, during a trip to Europe with his parents. By 1875 encroachment on Malvern's wastelands by landowners had reached new heights and action

7832-465: Was recently set during the record cold month December 2010. Prior to this the coldest nights were recorded in the winter of 1981/82; -18.1 °C (−0.6 °F) in December 1981, −18.0 °C (−0.4 °F) in January 1982. The sunniest year was 2003, when 1776 hours of sunshine were recorded. Rainfall averages around 740mm per year with over 1 mm being recorded on 123 days of the year. Snowfall

7921-495: Was taken by the people of Malvern and the Commons Society to preserve the hills and common land and to prevent encroachment. Local lords of the manor indicated that they would like to give their rights to the wastes to the public. After preventing the enclosure of a common in 1882, negotiations were initiated with the owners of the northern hills and the first Malvern Hills Act was secured in parliament in 1884. Later Acts empowered

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