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55-580: Bandar Lampung ( Lampungese : Kutak Bandarlampung ; formerly Dutch : Oosthaven , lit.   ' Eastern Harbor ' ) is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Lampung . Located on the southern tip of Sumatra , Bandar Lampung was originally called Tanjungkarang–Telukbetung , since it was a unification of two major settlements in Lampung, before being renamed in 1983. The city proper, together with South Lampung Regency (which borders

110-579: A 1948 law consolidated the two and elevated them to independent city status. At the time of the 2010 census , the city of Bandar Lampung was divided into thirteen administrative districts ( Indonesian : kecamatan ), but subsequently seven additional districts were created by the splitting of existing districts, bringing the total to twenty districts. The new districts are Bumi Waras, Enggal, Kedamaian, Labuhan Ratu, Langkapura, Teluk Betung Timur (East Teluk Betung) and Way Halim. The twenty districts are tabulated below with their areas and their populations at

165-660: A certain code. See also postcode lottery . In Brazil the 8-digit postcodes are an evolution of the five-digit area postal codes. In the 1990s the Brazilian five-digit postal code (illustrated), DDDDD , received a three-digit suffix DDDDD-SSS , but this suffix is not directly related to the administrative district hierarchy. The suffix was created only for logistic reasons. The postal code assignment can be assigned to individual land lots in some special cases – in Brazil, they are named "large receivers" and receive suffixes 900–959. It

220-442: A numeric postcode format of four or five digits is commonly used) the numeric postal code is sometimes prefixed with a country code when sending international mail to that country. Postal services have their own formats and placement rules for postal codes. In most English-speaking countries, the postal code forms the last item of the address, following the city or town name, whereas in most continental European countries it precedes

275-478: A quarter of a mile (400 metres) apart. The structure is alphanumeric, with the following six valid formats, as defined by BS 7666: There are always two halves: the separation between outward and inward postcodes is indicated by one space. The outward postcode covers a unique area and has two parts which may in total be two, three or four characters in length. A postcode area of one or two letters, followed by one or two numbers, followed in some parts of London by

330-634: A result of a new postcode system being introduced. Some postal code systems, like those of Ecuador and Costa Rica , show an exact agreement with the hierarchy of administrative divisions . Format of six digit numeric (eight digit alphanumeric) postal codes in Ecuador , introduced in December 2007: ECAABBCC Format of five digit numeric Postal codes in Costa Rica , introduced in 2007: ABBCC In Costa Rica these codes were originally used as district identifiers by

385-560: A single exception, these codes are in the format: ANN XXXX The single exception is the Dublin D6W postal district. It is the only routing key area in the country that takes the format ANA instead of ANN: D6W XXXX While it is not intended to replace addresses, in theory simply providing a seven-character Eircode would locate any Irish delivery address. For example, the Irish Parliament Dáil Éireann is: D02 A272 Postal codes in

440-403: A two digit numeric code can represent 100 locations, a two character alphanumeric code using ten numbers and twenty letters can represent 900 locations. The independent nations using alphanumeric postal code systems are: Countries which prefix their postal codes with a fixed group of letters, indicating a country code, include Andorra , Azerbaijan , Barbados , Ecuador and Saint Vincent and

495-444: A unique, six-digit postal code . For domestic properties, an individual postcode may cover up to 100 properties in contiguous proximity (e.g. a short section of a populous road, or a group of less populous neighbouring roads). The postcode together with the number or name of a property is not always unique, particularly in rural areas. For example, GL20 8NX/1 might refer to either 1 Frampton Cottages or 1 Frampton Farm Cottages, roughly

550-561: Is twinned with: Lampungese people The origins of the Lampung people is closely tied to the name of Lampung itself. In the 7th century the Chinese had already mentioned about a place in the south ( Nampang ) where it is said to be the place of the Tolang Pohwang kingdom, the location of the former kingdom's territory may now refer to the area of Tulang Bawang Regency  or regions alongside the  Tulang Bawang River , this

605-621: Is a minibus called angkot , an abbreviation from Angkutan Kota (literally translated as 'City Transportation'). They serve routes throughout the city, operated privately and cheaply. Usually, an angkot covers some area between Tanjung Karang (the heart of Bandar Lampung) and an urban area. Currently, routes covered are Tanjung Karang – Garuntang, Tanjung Karang – Teluk Betung, Tanjung Karang – Rajabasa, Tanjung Karang – Sukarame, Tanjung Karang – Langkapura and more. Bandarlampung Transportation Office has announced that in October 2011 it will serve two of

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660-533: Is also referred to as KaGaNga , a term for a script that is written and read in a direction from left to right with 20 main letters. The traditional Lampung script has undergone changes throughout history, becoming less complex than the ancient version. This refined version is what is taught in schools today. Statesmen and politicians: Professional practitioners: Reporters and journalists: Freedom fighters: Postal code A postal code (also known locally in various English-speaking countries throughout

715-600: Is an error to associate the postal code with the whole land lot area (illustrated). A postal code is often related to a land lot , but postal codes are usually related to access points on streets. Small or middle-sized houses, in general, only have a single main gate, which is the delivery point. Parks, large businesses such as shopping centers and big houses, may have more than one entrance and more than one delivery point. Czechoslovakia introduced Postal Routing Numbers (PSČ – poštovní směrovací čísla) in 1973. The code consists of 5 digits formatted into two groups: NNN NN. Originally,

770-447: Is classified in its own branch from the western Malayo-Polynesian languages (Lampungic languages) and is most closely related to Malay , Sundanese and Javanese . The Lampung language has two major dialects which is Api and Nyo dialects. The Api dialect are spoken by the people of Sekala Brak, Melinting Maringgai, Darah Putih Rajabasa, Balau Telukbetung, Semaka Kota Agung, Pesisir Krui, Ranau, Komering and Daya (those that practices

825-615: Is supported by Prof. Gabriel Ferrand (1918). There are strong evidence that Lampung was part of the Srivijaya empire with its capital in Jambi and did conquered parts of South East Asia region including Lampung until the 11th century. In the 5th AD Taiping Huanyu Ji chronicles, names of the Nan-hai (Southern ocean) states were recorded and among them are two states which were mentioned in sequence, To-lang and Po-hwang . The To-lang state

880-460: Is the fourth-largest city in the region of Sumatra , after Medan , Palembang and Batam . The city's population of 790,057 in 2005; 881,801 in 2010, 977,686 in 2015 and 1,166,066 in 2020; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,100,109, giving a drop of over 100,000 from the figure for the previous year. The dominant ethnic groups in Bandar Lampung are Javanese , primarily composed of

935-523: Is the French CEDEX system. There are a number of synonyms for postal code; some are country-specific: The development of postal codes happened first in large cities. Postal codes began with postal district numbers (or postal zone numbers) within large cities. London was first subdivided into 10 districts in 1857 (EC (East Central), WC (West Central), N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, W, and NW), four were created to cover Liverpool in 1864; and Manchester / Salford

990-640: Is the French Cedex system. Before postal codes as described here were used, large cities were often divided into postal zones or postal districts, usually numbered from 1 upwards within each city. The newer postal code systems often incorporate the old zone numbers, as with London postal district numbers, for example. Ireland still uses postal district numbers in Dublin . In New Zealand, Auckland , Wellington and Christchurch were divided into postal zones, but these fell into disuse, and have now become redundant as

1045-466: The Banten regent William Craft to Governor-General Cornelis Speelman states that, on the basis of a description provided by Pangeran Aria Dipati Ningrat on 17 June 1682, "Lampung-Telokbetong at the edge of the sea is the seat of power of a Dipati Temenggung Nata Negara , with power over three thousand people". This date would later be adopted by the city administration as its official founding date. Under

1100-708: The Banten Sultanate era. Chinese and Minangkabau who each amount to around 3.3% of the city's population are mostly concentrated around the city center and near the markets. Bandar Lampung has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round. Rain gets noticeably heavier from November to April. Bandar Lampung is served by Radin Inten II Airport (TKG), in the neighbouring county of South Lampung. The airport can be accessed by public transportation, such as bus and mini bus. Bandar Lampung has several road transportation alternatives. The most popular

1155-611: The Dutch colonial administration , 1912 Staatsblad 462 codified the city as being part and parcel of the Onderafdeling Telokbetong , composed of present-day Teluk Betung and its environs. The Onderafdeling 's capital was Tanjung Karang, while Teluk Betung itself served as the seat of government for the Karesidenan Lampung . Bandar Lampung, formerly Tanjungkarang-Telukbetung, the capital of Lampung Province, Indonesia, lies at

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1210-556: The Komering is also part of Lampungic languages but mostly considered an independent language of its own, separate from proper Lampung as the Komering people have a different culture from Lampung people. Lampung script that is referred to as Had Lampung is a form of writing that is related to the Pallawa script from South India . Just like a form of syllable-based phonetic writing similar to

1265-783: The National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica and the Administrative Territorial Division , and continue to be equivalent. The first two digits of the postal codes in Turkey correspond to the provinces and each province has assigned only one number. They are the same for them as in ISO 3166-2:TR . The first two digits of the postal codes in Vietnam indicate a province . Some provinces have one, other have several two digit numbers assigned. The numbers differ from

1320-728: The Northwest Territories and Nunavut share the letter X. The first two digits of the postal codes in Germany define areas independently of administrative regions. The coding space of the first digit is fully used (0–9); that of the first two combined is utilized to 89%, i.e. there are 89 postal zones defined. Zone 11 is non-geographic. Royal Mail designed the postal codes in the United Kingdom mostly for efficient distribution. Nevertheless, people associated codes with certain areas, leading to some people wanting or not wanting to have

1375-428: The 2010 census and the 2020 census; together with the official estimates as of mid 2023. The table also includes the location of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages (all classed as urban kelurahan ) in each district and its postal codes . Note: (a) the 2010 population of this new district is included in the figures for the district(s) from which it was separated. Bandar Lampung

1430-656: The Grenadines . ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes were recommended by the European Committee for Standardization as well as the Universal Postal Union to be used in conjunction with postal codes starting in 1994, but they have not become widely used. Andorra , Azerbaijan , Barbados , Ecuador , Latvia and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines use the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 as a prefix in their postal codes. In some countries (such as in continental Europe , where

1485-453: The Lampung people are expressed in the adi-adi (poems):- Tandani ulun Lampung, wat piil-pusanggiri Mulia heno sehitung, wat liom ghega dighi Juluk-adok gham pegung, nemui-nyimah muaghi Nengah-nyampugh mak ngungkung, sakai-Sambaian gawi. The Lampung language is the language used by the Lampung people in Lampung , southern Palembang and the west coast of Banten . This language

1540-1374: The Lampung people developed and became two people group, namely the Saibatin Lampungs (coastal) and the Pepadun Lampungs (interior). The customs of the Saibatin people are well known for its aristocracy, while the customs of the Pepadun people which emerged later had democratic values developed in opposed to the aristocracy values held by the Saibatin people. The Saibatin Lampungs occupy traditional regions such as Labuhan Maringgai, Pugung, Jabung, Way Jepara, Kalianda, Raja Basa, Teluk Betung, Padang Cermin, Cukuh Balak, Way Lima, Talang Padang, Kota Agung, Semaka, Suoh, Sekincau, Batu Brak, Belalau, Liwa, Pesisir Krui, Ranau, Martapura, Muara Dua, Kayu Agung with four of these cities are in South Sumatra province, Cikoneng in Pantai Banten and including Merpas in South Bengkulu Regency . The Saibatin Lampungs are also often referred to as Pesisir (coastal) Lampungs because majority of them lived along

1595-520: The Limex Sriwijaya and Rajabasa Express. The oldest newspaper in the Lampung region is Lampung Post , part of Media Group. Several other newspapers, such as Tribun Lampung and Radar Lampung are also available. The privately owned Radar Lampung TV and Tegar TV are the local TV stations based in Bandar Lampung. The public TVRI Lampung also covers the city. In 2009, Bandar Lampung had a literacy rate of 94.3%, slightly increased from 2005, which

1650-625: The Netherlands , known as postcodes, are alphanumeric, consisting of four digits followed by a space and two letters (NNNN AA). Adding the house number to the postcode will identify the address, making the street name and town name redundant. For example: 2597 GV 75 will direct a postal delivery to Theo Mann-Bouwmeesterlaan 75, 's-Gravenhage (the International School of The Hague). Since 1 September 1995, every building in Singapore has been given

1705-525: The Saibatin Lampungs customs), and including Way Kanan, Sungkai and Pubian (those that practices Pepadun Lampungs customs). The Nyo dialect are used by the people of Abung and Tulangbawang (those that practices Pepadun Lampungs customs). According to Dr. Van Royen, there are two classification of the Lampung language which are the Belalau dialect or Api dialect and the Abung dialect or Nyo dialect. Komering , spoken by

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1760-425: The city on its northern and eastern sides) and Pesawaran Regency (which borders it on its western side), are major transmigration recipients. The city's area is about 183.77 km. It had a census population of 881,801 in 2010 and 1,166,066 in 2020; the official estimate as of mid-2022 was 1,100,109 (comprising 556,781 males and 543,328 females). Bandar Lampung is the capital city of Lampung Province . Before it

1815-559: The descendants of people transported from Java in the early 20th century by the Dutch and the transmigration program of the New Order regime . The Lampungese are natives of the city, having lived as peddlers and fishermen in the outskirts of the city. The other major ethnic groups are Sundanese and Bantenese who originate from across the strait. This city is the largest population of Sundanese and Bantenese outside of West Java who have lived since

1870-460: The east, south and west coast of Lampung with each consisting of:- The Pepadun Lampungs or Pedalaman (interior) Lampungs consists of:- The philosophical life of the Lampung people are contained in the Kuntara Raja Niti manuscript, which are:- The above-mentioned philosophical values are denoted by the symbol of five decorative flowers of the Lampung seal. The characteristic traits of

1925-435: The first group marked a district transport centre, the second group represented the order of post offices on the collection route. In the first group, the first digit corresponds partly with the region, the second digit meant a collection transport node (sběrný přepravní uzel, SPU) and the third digit a "district transport node" (okresní přepravní uzel). However, processing was later centralized and mechanized while codes remained

1980-511: The following letters only: A, C, D, E, F, H, K, N, P, R, T, V, W, X, Y. This serves to avoid confusion in OCR, and to avoid accidental double-entendres by avoiding the creation of word lookalikes, as Eircode's last four characters are random. Most of the postal code systems are numeric; only a few are alphanumeric (i.e., use both letters and digits). Alphanumeric systems can, given the same number of characters, encode many more locations. For example, while

2035-409: The head of Lampung Bay on the south coast of the island of Sumatra . Bandar Lampung was created in the 1980s from the amalgamation of the former provincial capital, Tanjungkarang, with the port of Telukbetung. The city's cottage industries include metalworking, hand-weaving, and pottery and tile making. With air, road, and rail connections. Bandar Lampung is the chief port and transportation center for

2090-518: The idea of extending the postal district or zone numbering plans beyond large cities to cover even small towns and rural locales had started. These developed into postal codes as they are defined today. The name of US postal codes, "ZIP Codes", reflects this evolutionary growth from a zone plan to a zone improvement plan, "ZIP". Modern postal codes were first introduced in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in December 1932, but

2145-562: The letters 'F', 'I', 'O', 'Q', 'U' and 'Y' for technical reasons. But as almost all existing combinations are now used, these letters were allowed for new locations starting 2005. The letter combinations "SS" ( Schutzstaffel ), "SD" ( Sicherheitsdienst ), and "SA" ( Sturmabteilung ) are not used, due to links with the Nazi occupation in World War II . Postal codes in Canada do not include

2200-414: The letters D, F, I, O, Q, or U, as the optical character recognition (OCR) equipment used in automated sorting could easily confuse them with other letters and digits. The letters W and Z are used, but are not currently used as the first letter. The Canadian Postal Codes use alternate letters and numbers (with a space after the third character) in this format: A9A 9A9 In Ireland, the eircode system uses

2255-686: The name of the city or town. When it follows the city, it may be on the same line or on a new line. In Belarus , Kyrgyzstan , Russia and Turkmenistan , it is written at the beginning of an address. In Japan , it is written at the start of the address when written in Japanese, but at the end when the address is written in the Latin alphabet. Postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas. Sometimes codes are assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, e.g. government agencies or large commercial companies. One example

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2310-517: The new postal code system launched in 2015, known as Eircode provides a unique 7-character alphanumerical code for each individual address. The first three digits are the routing key, which is a postal district and the last four characters are a unique identifier that relates to an individual address (business, house or apartment). A fully developed API is also available for integrating the Eircode database into business databases and logistics systems. With

2365-589: The number of a neighbouring department. The first digit of the postal codes in the United States comprises discrete states. From the first three digits one can infer the state, with a few exceptions where an area is served by a central office in an adjacent state. Similarly, in Canada , the first letter indicates the province or territory, although the provinces of Quebec and Ontario are divided into several lettered sub-regions (e.g. H for Montreal and Laval ), and

2420-457: The number used in ISO 3166-2:VN . In France the numeric code for the departments is used as the first two digits of the postal code, except for the two departments in Corsica that have codes 2A and 2B and use 20 as postal code. Furthermore, the codes are only the codes for the department in charge of delivery of the post, so it can be that a location in one department has a postal code starting with

2475-521: The same. After separation, Slovakia and the Czech Republic kept the system. Codes with an initial digit of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 are used in the Czech Republic, while codes with an initial digit of 8, 9, or 0 are used in Slovakia A code corresponds to a local postal office. However, some larger companies or organizations have their own post codes. In 2004–2006, there were some efforts in Slovakia to reform

2530-525: The seven routes planned by bus rapid transit —the Rajabasa-Sukaraja and Sukaraja-Korpri housing complexes in Sukarame. Tanjung Karang Station in Bandar Lampung is the terminus of the railway service from Palembang , although the railway track continues all the way until Panjang harbor and Tarahan coal offloading point. There are many express trains connecting Bandar Lampung and Palembang, including

2585-477: The surrounding agricultural area, which produces rubber, tea, coffee, and pepper for export. During the Japanese colonial era , present-day Bandar Lampung was administered as a city, led by a Japanese mayor, who was assisted by an Indonesian deputy mayor (副市長, fuku-shicho ). After Indonesian independence in 1945, Tanjung Karang and Teluk Betung initially fell under the jurisdiction of South Lampung Regency , until

2640-475: The system was abandoned in 1939. The next country to introduce postal codes was Germany in 1941, followed by Singapore in 1950, Argentina in 1958, the United States in 1963 and Switzerland in 1964. The United Kingdom began introducing its current system in Norwich in 1959, but it was not used nationwide until 1974. The characters used in postal codes are: Postal codes in the Netherlands originally did not use

2695-598: The system, to get separate post codes for every district of single postmen, but the change was not realized. Postal codes are known as Postal Index Numbers (PINs; sometimes as PIN codes) in India. The PIN system was introduced on 15 August 1972 by India Post. India uses a unique six-digit code as a geographical number to identify locations in India. The format of the PIN is ZSDPPP defined as follows: The first digit represents nine total zones: eight regional and one functional. In Ireland,

2750-690: The vowels as used in Arabic letters by using the sign of fathah at the top row and the sign of kasrah at the bottom row but does not use the sign of dammah on the front row unless the mark is used at the back, with each mark has its own name. This shows that Lampung script is influenced by two elements, namely the Pallawa script and Arabic script . The Lampung script also has a form of kinship with Rencong script , Rejang script , Bengkulu script and Bugis script . Had Lampung consists of main letters, sub-letters, double letters and consonant clusters, as well as also symbols, numbers and punctuation. Lampung script

2805-586: The world as a postcode , post code , PIN or ZIP Code ) is a series of letters or digits or both, sometimes including spaces or punctuation, included in a postal address for the purpose of sorting mail . As of August 2021, the Universal Postal Union lists 160 countries which require the use of a postal code. Although postal codes are usually assigned to geographical areas, special codes are sometimes assigned to individual addresses or to institutions that receive large volumes of mail, such as government agencies and large commercial companies. One example

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2860-1179: Was 93.5%. However, the high school participation rate kept decreasing, from 69.2% (2007) to 61.4% (2009). On the other hand, the high school participation rate in Indonesia rose from 54.6% in 2007 to 55.8% in 2010. There are some notable high schools and universities in Bandar Lampung, such as SMP Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung (public), SMP Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public), SMA Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smanda), SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smalan), SMA Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smansa), SMA Al-Kautsar Bandar Lampung (private), SMA Fransiskus Bandar Lampung (private), SMP Xaverius 4 (private Catholic junior high school), SMA Xaverius Pahoman (a Catholic private school teaching students from kindergarten to high school, locally known as Xavepa), Lampung University (public, locally known as Unila), Bandar Lampung University (private, locally known as UBL: Universitas Bandar Lampung), Muhammadiyah University of Lampung (known as UML: Universitas Muhammadiyah Lampung and Malahayati University (private). In March 2011, Unila already had 70,866 alumni. Bandar Lampung

2915-477: Was mentioned only once, but the Po-hwang state was mentioned many times as this state did send envoys to China in the year of 442, 449, 451, 459, 464 and 466. It is said that there is also a Tulangbawang kingdom, although the idea simply came from the unification of the two names in the Chinese chronicles. Originally the lineage of the Lampung people came from Sekala Brak kingdom. However, in its customary sense

2970-448: Was named Bandar Lampung, this city was named Tanjung Karang–Teluk Betung. It was a combination of the two twin cities of Tanjung Karang and Teluk Betung; the two twin cities were previously part of South Lampung Regency . This naming is because the city of Bandar Lampung consisted of the city of Tanjung Karang and the city of Teluk Betung. In 1982, there was an expansion of the territory with the inclusion of three new districts A report by

3025-483: Was split into eight numbered districts in 1867/68. By World War I , such postal district or zone numbers also existed in various large European cities. They existed in the United States at least as late as the 1920s, possibly implemented at the local post office level only (for example, instances of "Boston 9, Mass" in 1920 are attested ) although they were evidently not used throughout all major US cities (implemented USPOD -wide) until World War II . By 1930 or earlier,

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