93-539: Balgonie is a town in southeast Saskatchewan , Canada. Situated at the intersection of Highways 10 , 46 , and the Trans-Canada Highway , the town is part of the White Butte region and neighbours Pilot Butte , White City , and McLean . As well, it is located 25 kilometres east of the province's capital city, Regina . As of the 2016 census , Balgonie had a population of 1,765, an 8.3% growth from 2011. The town
186-554: A humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb ), which approaches a subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc ) due to May and September being only marginally above 10 °C (50 °F). Winters are long, cold and dry, while summers are short, warm and moderately wet. Year-round precipitation is fairly low, with an average of 408 mm (16.06 in), whilst the dry winters restrict snowfall to 98 cm (38.6 in). The highest temperature ever recorded in Lloydminster
279-577: A provincial sales tax (PST) . To ensure that business will not float away from the Saskatchewan side in favour of lower prices in Alberta, PST does not apply in the Saskatchewan side of the city with the exception of hotels, vehicle registration and utility services. Lloydminster is governed by a seven-member city council, consisting of a mayor and six city councillors. The city follows the Saskatchewan schedule when voting in municipal elections. Residents on
372-502: A public auto insurance system while Alberta relies on conventional private insurance, young drivers with the highest insurance rates can save thousands of dollars by living in Saskatchewan rather than Alberta. The census agglomeration of Lloydminster includes both parts of the city, as well as the rural municipality of Wilton No. 472, the town of Lashburn , and the village of Marshall, Saskatchewan . About 94% of residents identified English as their first language . More than 1.4% of
465-613: A subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc ) with a shorter summer season. Summers can get very hot, sometimes above 38 °C (100 °F) during the day, and with humidity decreasing from northeast to southwest. Warm southern winds blow from the plains and intermontane regions of the Western United States during much of July and August, very cool or hot but changeable air masses often occur during spring and in September. Winters are usually bitterly cold, with frequent Arctic air descending from
558-961: A European-Canadian style of prosperous agrarian society . The long-term prosperity of the province depended on the world price of grain, which headed steadily upward from the 1880s to 1920, then plunged down. Wheat output was increased by new strains, such as the " Marquis wheat " strain which matured 8 days sooner and yielded 7 more bushels per acre (0.72 m /ha) than the previous standard, " Red Fife ". The national output of wheat soared from 8 million imperial bushels (290,000 m ) in 1896, to 26 × 10 ^ imp bu (950,000 m ) in 1901, reaching 151 × 10 ^ imp bu (5,500,000 m ) by 1921. Urban reform movements in Regina were based on support from business and professional groups. City planning, reform of local government, and municipal ownership of utilities were more widely supported by these two groups, often through such organizations as
651-518: A change of -0.5% from its 2016 population of 1,765 . With a land area of 4.76 km (1.84 sq mi), it had a population density of 368.9/km (955.5/sq mi) in 2021. This article about a location in the Census Division No. 6 of Saskatchewan is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Saskatchewan Saskatchewan is a province in Western Canada . It
744-403: A land area of 18.28 km (7.06 sq mi), it had a population density of 643.6/km (1,666.9/sq mi) in 2016. Overall, the entire City of Lloydminster had a population of 31,410 living in 11,836 of its 13,353 total private dwellings in the 2016 Census of Population, a change of 13% from its 2011 population of 27,804. With a land area of 42.32 km (16.34 sq mi), it had
837-443: A land area of 23.98 km (9.26 sq mi), it had a population density of 823.1/km (2,131.9/sq mi) in 2021. The Saskatchewan portion of Lloydminster had a population of 11,843 living in 4,443 of its 5,002 total private dwellings, a change of 0.7% from its 2016 population of 11,765. With a land area of 18.06 km (6.97 sq mi), it had a population density of 655.8/km (1,698.4/sq mi) in 2016. Overall,
930-539: A log church; in 1905, the Lloydminster Daily Times started publication and the first train arrived on July 28. Its main north–south street, today named Meridian Avenue (or 50th Avenue), along which stores, businesses and the post office began locating, was situated right on the Fourth Meridian, although the actual road right-of-way was located in Saskatchewan. To comply with temperance principles, alcohol
1023-400: A population density of 742.2/km (1,922.3/sq mi) in 2016. The City of Lloydminster's 2015 municipal census counted a population of 31,377, a change of −0.3% from its 2013 municipal census population of 31,483. Of the 31,377 residents, 19,740 ( 63%) lived on the Alberta side and 11,637 ( 37%) lived on the Saskatchewan side. There are substantial demographic differences between
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#17328477692711116-454: A population of 19,645 living in 7,444 of its 8,444 total private dwellings, a change of 8.9% from its 2011 population of 18,032. With a land area of 24.04 km (9.28 sq mi), it had a population density of 817.2/km (2,116.5/sq mi) in 2016. Meanwhile, the Saskatchewan portion of Lloydminster had a population of 11,765 living in 4,392 of its 4,909 total private dwellings, a change of 20.4% from its 2011 population of 9,772. With
1209-593: A post office was established in 1883. In 1884, Sir John Lister Kaye established a model farm near the railway in Balgonie, with the town being the easternmost point of the old 76 Ranch lands. A school was built in 1891, and Balgonie was incorporated as a village in 1903 and as a town in 1907. One of Balgonie's most famous residents was William Wallace Gibson (1876–1965), who created the first Canadian-built airplane. Gibson successfully flew his airplane in Victoria in 1910. Gibson
1302-628: A single city with a single municipal administration. Located in the heart of Treaty 6 , Lloydminster is the traditional homeland of the Plains Cree , Wood Cree, Dene , Saulteaux and homeland of the Métis . Intended to be an exclusively British utopian settlement centred on the idea of sobriety , Lloydminster was founded in 1903 by the Barr Colonists, who came directly from the United Kingdom. At
1395-613: A time when the area was still part of the North-West Territories , the town was located astride the Fourth Meridian of the Dominion Land Survey . This meridian was intended to coincide with the 110° west longitude , although the imperfect surveying methods of the time led to the surveyed meridian being placed a few hundred metres (yards) west of this longitude. The town was named for George Lloyd , an Anglican priest who would become Bishop of Saskatchewan in 1922. Lloyd
1488-513: A warm summer, corresponding to its humid continental climate ( Köppen type Dfb ) in the central and most of the eastern parts of the province, as well as the Cypress Hills ; drying off to a semi-arid steppe climate (Köppen type BSk ) in the southwestern part of the province. Drought can affect agricultural areas during long periods with little or no precipitation at all. The northern parts of Saskatchewan – from about La Ronge northward – have
1581-449: Is a major employer in the province with almost 2,500 permanent full-time staff in 71 communities. Publicly funded elementary and secondary schools in the province are administered by twenty-seven school divisions . Public elementary and secondary schools either operate as secular or as a separate schools . Nearly all school divisions, except one operate as an English first language school board. The Division scolaire francophone No. 310
1674-615: Is bordered by the County of Vermilion River , Alberta, on the west, the Rural Municipality (R.M.) of Britannia No. 502 , Saskatchewan, on the northeast and the R.M. of Wilton No. 472 , Saskatchewan, on the southeast. The majority of the large retail properties serving the city, including larger stores, gas stations and hotels, are located in its Alberta portion, in particular along the Yellowhead Highway west of Meridian Avenue and along
1767-551: Is bordered on the west by Alberta , on the north by the Northwest Territories , on the east by Manitoba , to the northeast by Nunavut , and to the south by the United States ( Montana and North Dakota ). Saskatchewan and Alberta are the only landlocked provinces of Canada. In 2024, Saskatchewan's population was estimated at 1,239,865. Nearly 10% of Saskatchewan's total area of 651,900 km (251,700 sq mi)
1860-439: Is fresh water, mostly rivers, reservoirs, and lakes . Residents live primarily in the southern prairie half of the province, while the northern half is mostly forested and sparsely populated. Roughly half live in the province's largest city, Saskatoon , or the provincial capital, Regina . Other notable cities include Prince Albert , Moose Jaw , Yorkton , Swift Current , North Battleford , Estevan , Weyburn , Melfort , and
1953-655: Is governed by the Balgonie Town Council and is surrounded by the Rural Municipality of Edenwold No. 158 . Balgonie is located in Treaty 4 territory. Balgonie has a Subway restaurant , two gas stations , an outdoor pool , and an ice arena. It is also home to Greenall School . Balgonie was named for Balgonie Castle in Scotland. In 1882, the first train ran through the area on the Canadian Pacific Railway , and
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#17328477692712046-642: Is in the Cypress Hills less than 2 km (1.2 mi) from the provincial boundary with Alberta. The lowest point is the shore of Lake Athabasca , at 213 m (699 ft). The province has 14 major drainage basins made up of various rivers and watersheds draining into the Arctic Ocean , Hudson Bay and the Gulf of Mexico . Saskatchewan receives more hours of sunshine than any other Canadian province. The province lies far from any significant body of water. This fact, combined with its northerly latitude, gives it
2139-450: Is maintained by both provinces) travels along the provincial border from south to north. There is no local public transport serving the city. Elementary and secondary schools on both sides of the border all use Saskatchewan's curriculum. Lloydminster provides public and catholic education up to grade 12 as well as post-secondary education through Lakeland College , offering one and two year certificate and diploma programs. Lloydminster
2232-401: Is much more concentrated on the Saskatchewan side. The two sides of the city have virtually identical numbers of people in that age group (1,220 in Saskatchewan, 1,230 in Alberta ) even though the total population on the Alberta side is nearly twice that of the Saskatchewan side. This situation has been attributed in part to differential car insurance rates for drivers; because Saskatchewan has
2325-460: Is on Mountain Standard Time with the rest of Alberta, which is UTC−07:00, and is therefore one hour behind the time in the rest of Saskatchewan. The provincial line divides the city in two aspects related to communications. Telephones on the Saskatchewan side are assigned to area codes 306 and 639 , the two area codes assigned to that province, while land lines on the Alberta side have numbers in
2418-476: Is the only province without a natural border . As its borders follow geographic lines of longitude and latitude , the province is roughly a quadrilateral , or a shape with four sides. However, the southern border on the 49th parallel and the northern border on the 60th parallel curve to the left as one proceeds east, as do all parallels in the Northern Hemisphere. Additionally, the eastern boundary of
2511-466: Is the only school division that operates French first language schools. In addition to elementary and secondary schools, the province is also home to several post-secondary institutions. Lloydminster Lloydminster is a city in Canada which has the unusual geographic distinction of straddling the provincial border between Alberta and Saskatchewan . The city is incorporated by both provinces as
2604-436: Is the world's largest exporter of mustard seed. Beef cattle production by a Canadian province is only exceeded by Alberta. In the northern part of the province, forestry is also a significant industry. Mining is a major industry in the province, with Saskatchewan being the world's largest exporter of potash and uranium . Oil and natural gas production is also a very important part of Saskatchewan's economy, although
2697-462: The 2021 Canadian census , the ten most spoken languages in the province included English (1,094,785 or 99.24%), French (52,065 or 4.72%), Tagalog (36,125 or 3.27%), Cree (24,850 or 2.25%), Hindi (15,745 or 1.43%), Punjabi (13,310 or 1.21%), German (11,815 or 1.07%), Mandarin (11,590 or 1.05%), Spanish (11,185 or 1.01%), and Ukrainian (10,795 or 0.98%). The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. According to
2790-415: The 2021 census , religious groups in Saskatchewan included: Historically, Saskatchewan's economy was primarily associated with agriculture , with wheat being the precious symbol on the province's flag. Increasing diversification has resulted in agriculture, forestry , fishing , and hunting only making up 8.9% of the province's GDP in 2018. Saskatchewan grows a large portion of Canada's grain. In 2017,
2883-490: The 780 and 587 area codes, the two area codes assigned to northern Alberta. Similarly, Saskatchewan addresses have a postal code with a forward sortation area designation (first three characters) of "S9V", and addresses in Alberta have postal codes beginning with "T9V". All postal codes in Canada beginning with the letter "S" are assigned to Saskatchewan, and those beginning with "T" belong to Alberta. Lloydminster experiences
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2976-541: The Canadian Prairies . In the early 20th century, the province became known as a stronghold for Canadian social democracy; North America's first social-democratic government was elected in 1944 . The province's economy is based on agriculture , mining , and energy . Saskatchewan is presently governed by Premier Scott Moe , the leader of the Saskatchewan Party , which has been in power since 2007. In 1992,
3069-855: The First Nations in Saskatchewan and the federal government, in collaboration with provincial governments. In 1876, following their defeat of United States Army forces at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in Montana Territory in the United States, the Lakota Chief Sitting Bull led several thousand of his people to Wood Mountain . Survivors and descendants founded Wood Mountain Reserve in 1914. The North-West Mounted Police set up several posts and forts across Saskatchewan, including Fort Walsh in
3162-511: The North-West Territories to administer the vast territory between British Columbia and Manitoba . The Crown also entered into a series of numbered treaties with the indigenous peoples of the area, which serve as the basis of the relationship between First Nations , as they are called today, and the Crown. Since the late twentieth century, land losses and inequities as a result of those treaties have been subject to negotiation for settlement between
3255-558: The Sarcee , Niitsitapi , Atsina , Cree , Saulteaux , Assiniboine (Nakoda), and Sioux . The first known European to enter Saskatchewan was Henry Kelsey from England in 1690, who travelled up the Saskatchewan River in hopes of trading fur with the region's indigenous peoples. Fort La Jonquière and Fort de la Corne were first established in 1751 and 1753 by early French explorers and traders. The first permanent European settlement
3348-623: The boreal forest in the north and the prairies in the south. They are separated by an aspen parkland transition zone near the North Saskatchewan River on the western side of the province, and near to south of the Saskatchewan River on the eastern side. Northern Saskatchewan is mostly covered by forest except for the Lake Athabasca Sand Dunes , the largest active sand dunes in the world north of 58°, and adjacent to
3441-1081: The oil industry is larger. Among Canadian provinces, only Alberta exceeds Saskatchewan in overall oil production. Heavy crude is extracted in the Lloydminster-Kerrobert-Kindersley areas. Light crude is found in the Kindersley-Swift Current areas as well as the Weyburn-Estevan fields. Natural gas is found almost entirely in the western part of Saskatchewan, from the Primrose Lake area through Lloydminster, Unity, Kindersley, Leader, and around Maple Creek areas. Major companies based in Saskatchewan include Nutrien , Federated Cooperatives Ltd. and Cameco . Major Saskatchewan-based Crown corporations are Saskatchewan Government Insurance (SGI), SaskTel , SaskEnergy (the province's main supplier of natural gas), SaskPower , and Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation (SCIC). Bombardier runs
3534-603: The 1920s; it had close ties with the governing Liberal party. In 1913, the Saskatchewan Stock Growers Association was established with three goals: to watch over legislation; to forward the interests of the stock growers in every honourable and legitimate way; and to suggest to parliament legislation to meet changing conditions and requirements. Immigration peaked in 1910, and in spite of the initial difficulties of frontier life – distance from towns, sod homes, and backbreaking labour – new settlers established
3627-402: The 75th anniversary of its establishment in 1980, with Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon , presiding over the official ceremonies. In 2005, 25 years later, her sister, Queen Elizabeth II , attended the events held to mark Saskatchewan's centennial. Since the late 20th century, First Nations have become more politically active in seeking justice for past inequities, especially related to
3720-516: The Agreement, the First Nations received money to buy land on the open market. As a result, about 761,000 acres have been turned into reserve land and many First Nations continue to invest their settlement dollars in urban areas", including Saskatoon. The money from such settlements has enabled First Nations to invest in businesses and other economic infrastructure. In June 2021, a graveyard containing
3813-584: The Alberta side are in the electoral district of Lakeland for elections to the federal House of Commons , and Vermilion-Lloydminster-Wainwright for elections to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta . Residents in Saskatchewan are in Battlefords—Lloydminster federally, and Lloydminster for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan . Lloydminster's bi-provincial status has resulted in special provisions regarding provincial taxation within
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3906-436: The Alberta side of 50th Avenue south of the Yellowhead Highway. Lloydminster's distinctive situation is reflected in other legal matters, including its time zone . Most of Saskatchewan does not observe daylight saving time , instead staying on Central Standard Time year-round. However, Alberta mandates daylight saving time. Lloydminster's charter allows the city to follow Alberta's use of daylight saving time on both sides of
3999-524: The Board of Trade. Church-related and other altruistic organizations generally supported social welfare and housing reforms; these groups were generally less successful in getting their own reforms enacted. The province responded to the First World War in 1914 with patriotic enthusiasm and enjoyed the resultant economic boom for farms and cities alike. Emotional and intellectual support for the war emerged from
4092-842: The Cypress Hills, and Wood Mountain Post in south-central Saskatchewan near the United States border. Many Métis people, who had not been signatories to a treaty, had moved to the Southbranch Settlement and Prince Albert district north of present-day Saskatoon following the Red River Rebellion in Manitoba in 1870. In the early 1880s, the Canadian government refused to hear the Métis' grievances, which stemmed from land-use issues. Finally, in 1885,
4185-433: The Fourth Meridian. Despite its bi-provincial status, Lloydminster was not exempted from anti- smoking legislation passed by the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan . Citizens responded by initiating a referendum against the wishes of the mayor, as permitted in the charter, which resulted in the enactment of a citywide anti-smoking bylaw . The matter became moot when Alberta enacted its own anti-smoking legislation, which
4278-474: The Hudson's Bay Company, which claimed rights to all watersheds flowing into Hudson Bay , including the Saskatchewan River , Churchill , Assiniboine , Souris , and Qu'Appelle River systems. In the late 1850s and early 1860s, scientific expeditions led by John Palliser and Henry Youle Hind explored the prairie region of the province. In 1870, Canada acquired the Hudson's Bay Company's territories and formed
4371-663: The Klan), enjoyed about two years of prominence. It declined and disappeared, subject to widespread political and media opposition, plus internal scandals involving the use of the organization's funds. In 1970, the first annual Canadian Western Agribition was held in Regina. This farm-industry trade show, with its strong emphasis on livestock, is rated as one of the five top livestock shows in North America, along with those in Houston , Denver , Louisville and Toronto . The province celebrated
4464-565: The Lloydminster Hospital does not have direct access to AHS patient records, which have led to Alberta-based patients sometimes bringing their own paper records or receiving diagnostic tests a second time. The city's contracts with WPD to provide ambulance service in Lloydminster have faced criticism over unsatisfactory performance, with some patients having had to wait up to 40 minutes for help to arrive; in August 2021, AHS pulled out of
4557-608: The Métis, led by Louis Riel , staged the North-West Rebellion and declared a provisional government. They were defeated by a Canadian militia brought to the Canadian prairies by the new Canadian Pacific Railway. Riel, who surrendered and was convicted of treason in a packed Regina courtroom, was hanged on November 16, 1885. Since then, the government has recognized the Métis as an aboriginal people with status rights and provided them with various benefits. The national policy set by
4650-490: The NATO Flying Training Centre at 15 Wing, near Moose Jaw . Bombardier was awarded a long-term contract in the late 1990s for $ 2.8 billion from the federal government for the purchase of military aircraft and the running of the training facility. SaskPower since 1929 has been the principal supplier of electricity in Saskatchewan, serving more than 451,000 customers and managing $ 4.5 billion in assets. SaskPower
4743-650: The Ottawa, of a Lieutenant Governor and a Council to assist him. Highly optimistic advertising campaigns promoted the benefits of prairie living. Potential immigrants read leaflets that described Canada as a favourable place to live and downplayed the need for agricultural expertise. Ads in The Nor'-West Farmer by the Commissioner of Immigration implied that western land held water, wood, gold, silver, iron, copper, and cheap coal for fuel, all of which were readily at hand. The reality
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#17328477692714836-577: The Saskatchewan side of the border. In 2013, an independent report found that Lloydminster was underserved by health care services in comparison to similar catchment areas in Alberta . In 2007, Lloydminster was deemed to have outgrown the capacity of its hospital; calls for more operating rooms, acute care beds, and a dedicated MRI unit did not come to fruition, resulting in patients sometimes having to travel to larger cities such as Saskatoon for operations. Due to health data privacy laws in both provinces,
4929-407: The basic institutions of plains society, economy and government. Gender roles were sharply defined. Men were primarily responsible for breaking the land; planting and harvesting; building the house; buying, operating and repairing machinery; and handling finances. At first, there were many single men on the prairie, or husbands whose wives were still back east, but they had a hard time. They realized
5022-444: The border city of Lloydminster . English is the primary language of the province, with 82.4% of Saskatchewanians speaking English as their first language . Saskatchewan has been inhabited for thousands of years by indigenous peoples . Europeans first explored the area in 1690 and first settled in the area in 1774. It became a province in 1905, carved out from the vast North-West Territories , which had until then included most of
5115-428: The city limits. The Saskatchewan side of the city is exempt from that province's sales tax , preventing businesses located there from being placed at a disadvantage relative to businesses in Alberta, which has no provincial sales tax . There is no exemption for provincial income tax , which is based solely on the taxpayer 's province of residence. Other differences surrounding interprovincial costs are reflected within
5208-491: The contract and signed with a different provider, but WPD invoked an arbitration clause in Saskatchewan law that has prevented the SHA from immediately exiting the contract. The city is served by Lloydminster Airport . The Yellowhead Highway , ( Alberta Highway 16 and Saskatchewan Highway 16 ) passes through the city from west to east, and Highway 17 (which is considered part of both Alberta's and Saskatchewan's highway system and
5301-436: The creation of a single province, largely due to the power such a province would hold rivalling the east , nor plans for a provincial boundary along the Fourth Meridian (110° W). When the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan were created in 1905, the Fourth Meridian was selected as the border, bisecting the town right along its main street. Lloydminster residents petitioned for the new border to be revised so as to encompass
5394-417: The distinction of being the only Canadian province for which no borders correspond to physical geographic features (i.e. they are all parallels and meridians). Along with Alberta, Saskatchewan is one of only two land-locked provinces. The overwhelming majority of Saskatchewan's population is in the southern third of the province, south of the 53rd parallel . Saskatchewan contains two major natural regions:
5487-507: The effects can be mitigated through adaptations of cultivars , or crops, is less clear. Resiliency of ecosystems may decline with large changes in temperature. The provincial government has responded to the threat of climate change by introducing a plan to reduce carbon emissions , "The Saskatchewan Energy and Climate Change Plan", in June 2007. Saskatchewan has been populated by various indigenous peoples of North America , including members of
5580-448: The entire City of Lloydminster had a population of 31,582 living in 12,079 of its 13 532 total private dwellings, a change of 0.5% from its 2016 population of 31,410 . With a land area of 42.04 km (16.23 sq mi), it had a population density of 751.2/km (1,945.7/sq mi) in 2016. In the 2016 Census of Population , the Alberta portion of the City of Lloydminster had
5673-448: The entire town within Saskatchewan, without success. Lloydminster functioned as two towns with separate municipal administrations until the provincial governments agreed in 1930 to amalgamate the towns into a single town under shared jurisdiction. The provinces, again jointly, reincorporated Lloydminster as a city in 1958. Commemorating Lloydminster's distinctive bi-provincial status, a monument consisting of four 100-foot survey markers
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#17328477692715766-408: The export market. Population quintupled from 91,000 in 1901 to 492,000 in 1911, thanks to heavy immigration of farmers from Ukraine, U.S., Germany and Scandinavia. Efforts were made to assimilate the newcomers to British Canadian culture and values. In the 1905 provincial elections, Liberals won 16 of 25 seats in Saskatchewan. The Saskatchewan government bought out Bell Telephone Company in 1909, with
5859-460: The federal and provincial governments signed a historic land claim agreement with First Nations in Saskatchewan . The First Nations received compensation which they could use to buy land on the open market for the bands. They have acquired about 3,079 km (761,000 acres; 1,189 sq mi), new reserve lands under this process. Some First Nations have used their settlement to invest in urban areas, including Regina and Saskatoon. The name of
5952-643: The federal government, the Canadian Pacific Railway , the Hudson's Bay Company and associated land companies encouraged immigration. The Dominion Lands Act of 1872 permitted settlers to acquire one-quarter of a square mile of land to homestead and offered an additional quarter upon establishing a homestead. In 1874, the North-West Mounted Police began providing police services. In 1876, the North-West Territories Act provided for appointment, by
6045-511: The flexibility exhibited by farm women in performing productive and nonproductive labour was critical to the survival of family farms, and thus to the success of the wheat economy. On September 1, 1905, Saskatchewan became a province, with inauguration day held on September 4. Its political leaders at the time proclaimed its destiny was to become Canada's most powerful province. Saskatchewan embarked on an ambitious province-building program based on its Anglo-Canadian culture and wheat production for
6138-503: The government owning the long-distance lines and left local service to small companies organized at the municipal level. Premier Walter Scott preferred government assistance to outright ownership because he thought enterprises worked better if citizens had a stake in running them; he set up the Saskatchewan Cooperative Elevator Company in 1911. Despite pressure from farm groups for direct government involvement in
6231-515: The grain handling business, the Scott government opted to loan money to a farmer-owned elevator company. Saskatchewan in 1909 provided bond guarantees to railway companies for the construction of branch lines, alleviating the concerns of farmers who had trouble getting their wheat to market by waggon. The Saskatchewan Grain Growers Association , was the dominant political force in the province until
6324-559: The need for a wife. In 1901, there were 19,200 families, but this surged to 150,300 families only 15 years later. Wives played a central role in settlement of the prairie region. Their labour, skills, and ability to adapt to the harsh environment proved decisive in meeting the challenges. They prepared bannock, beans and bacon, mended clothes, raised children, cleaned, tended the garden, helped at harvest time and nursed everyone back to health. While prevailing patriarchal attitudes, legislation, and economic principles obscured women's contributions,
6417-500: The north, and with high temperatures not breaking −17 °C (1 °F) for weeks at a time. Warm chinook winds often blow from the west, bringing periods of mild weather. Annual precipitation averages 30 to 45 centimetres (12 to 18 inches) across the province, with the bulk of rain falling in June, July, and August. Saskatchewan is one of the most tornado -active parts of Canada , averaging roughly 12 to 18 tornadoes per year, some violent. In 2012, 33 tornadoes were reported in
6510-719: The politics of Canadian national identity, the rural myth, and social gospel progressivism The Church of England was especially supportive. However, there was strong hostility toward German-Canadian farmers. Recent Ukrainian immigrants were enemy aliens because of their citizenship in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. A small fraction were taken to internment camps. Most of the internees were unskilled unemployed labourers who were imprisoned "because they were destitute, not because they were disloyal". The price of wheat tripled and acreage seeded doubled. The wartime spirit of sacrifice intensified social reform movements that had predated
6603-406: The population identified French as their first language, while 0.8% identified German, 0.7% identified Ukrainian, and 0.5% identified Cree as their first language learned. The next most common languages were Chinese and Spanish at about 0.3% each. More than 8% of residents identified themselves as aboriginal at the time of the 2006 census. More than 78% of residents identified as Christian at
6696-405: The population identified as Eastern Orthodox . The local economy is driven primarily by the petroleum industry. Agriculture remains an important economic activity. The Husky Lloydminster Refinery is also located in the community. An issue in business is the sales tax. The only sales tax applicable in Alberta is the federal Goods and Services Tax (GST) . Saskatchewan has, in addition to GST,
6789-403: The populations on each side of the border, with the population on the Saskatchewan side being substantially younger; the median age on the Saskatchewan side is 26.6, nearly seven years less than the median age of 33.2 on the Alberta side. Even when combining the median ages for both sides of the city, Lloydminster has the youngest median age in all of Canada. Also, the specific age group of 20–24
6882-410: The production of canola surpassed the production of wheat , which is Saskatchewan's most familiar crop and the one most often associated with the province. The total net income from farming was $ 3.3 billion in 2017, which was $ 0.9 billion less than the income in 2016. Other grains such as flax , rye , oats , peas , lentils , canary seed, and barley are also produced in the province. Saskatchewan
6975-517: The province follows range lines and correction lines of the Dominion Land Survey , laid out by surveyors prior to the Dominion Lands Act homestead program (1880–1928). Saskatchewan is part of the western provinces and is bounded on the west by Alberta , on the north by the Northwest Territories , on the north-east by Nunavut , on the east by Manitoba , and on the south by the U.S. states of Montana and North Dakota . Saskatchewan has
7068-532: The province is derived from the Saskatchewan River . The river is known as ᑭᓯᐢᑳᒋᐘᓂ ᓰᐱᐩ kisiskāciwani-sīpiy ("swift flowing river") in the Cree language . Anthony Henday's spelling was Keiskatchewan , with the modern rendering, Saskatchewan , being officially adopted in 1882, when a portion of the present-day province was designated a provisional district of the North-West Territories . Saskatchewan
7161-690: The province was −56.7 °C (−70.1 °F) in Prince Albert , north of Saskatoon, in February 1893. The effects of climate change in Saskatchewan are now being observed in parts of the province. There is evidence of reduction of biomass in Saskatchewan's boreal forests (as with those of other Canadian prairie provinces ) is linked by researchers to drought-related water stress, stemming from global warming , most likely caused by greenhouse gas emissions . While studies as early as 1988 (Williams, et al., 1988) have shown climate change will affect agriculture,
7254-568: The province. The Regina Cyclone took place in June 1912 when 28 people died in an F4 Fujita scale tornado. Severe and non-severe thunderstorm events occur in Saskatchewan, usually from early spring to late summer. Hail, strong winds and isolated tornadoes are a common occurrence. The hottest temperature ever recorded in Saskatchewan was in July 1937 when the temperature rose to 45 °C (113 °F) in Midale and Yellow Grass . The coldest ever recorded in
7347-534: The provincial border in order to keep all clocks within the city in synchronization. This has the effect of placing Lloydminster and the surrounding area in the Mountain Time Zone along with Alberta. During the summer therefore, the entire city is on UTC−06:00—Mountain Daylight Time, which is the same as the rest of Saskatchewan where the time is defined as Central Standard Time. During the winter, Lloydminster
7440-629: The remains of 751 unidentified people was found at the former Marieval Indian Residential School , part of the Canadian Indian residential school system . Languages of Saskatchewan (2016): Indigenous and visible minority identity (2021): According to the 2011 Canadian census , the largest ethnic group in Saskatchewan is German (28.6%), followed by English (24.9%), Scottish (18.9%), Canadian (18.8%), Irish (15.5%), Ukrainian (13.5%), French ( Fransaskois ) (12.2%), First Nations (12.1%), Norwegian (6.9%), and Polish (5.8%). As of
7533-524: The southern shore of Lake Athabasca . Southern Saskatchewan contains another area with sand dunes known as the "Great Sand Hills" covering over 300 km (120 sq mi). The Cypress Hills , in the southwestern corner of Saskatchewan and Killdeer Badlands ( Grasslands National Park ), are areas of the province that were unglaciated during the last glaciation period, the Wisconsin glaciation . The province's highest point, at 1,392 m (4,567 ft),
7626-418: The taking of indigenous lands by various governments. The federal and provincial governments have negotiated on numerous land claims, and developed a program of "Treaty Land Entitlement", enabling First Nations to buy land to be taken into reserves with money from settlements of claims. "In 1992, the federal and provincial governments signed an historic land claim agreement with Saskatchewan First Nations. Under
7719-502: The time of the 2001 census, while over 18% indicated that they had no religious affiliation. For specific denominations Statistics Canada found that 31% of residents identified as Roman Catholic, and 44% Protestants of which, 18% identified with the United Church of Canada , more than 7% identified as Anglican , about 5% identified as Lutheran , almost 3% identified as Pentecostal , about 2% identified as Baptists , and just over 1% of
7812-476: The treatment of automobile insurance, and housing taxes. For example, a driver under age 25 who lives on the Alberta side will pay approximately 2-3 times the average amount required of a Saskatchewan driver of the same age. Lloydminster relies on health care resources from both Alberta Health Services and the Saskatchewan Health Authority . The Lloydminster Hospital was constructed in 1987 on
7905-549: The war and now came to fruition. Saskatchewan gave women the right to vote in 1916 and at the end of 1916 passed a referendum to prohibit the sale of alcohol. In the late 1920s, the Ku Klux Klan , imported from the United States and Ontario, gained brief popularity in nativist circles in Saskatchewan and Alberta. The Klan, briefly allied with the provincial Conservative party because of their mutual dislike for Premier James G. "Jimmy" Gardiner and his Liberals (who ferociously fought
7998-402: Was 38.1 °C (100.6 °F) on 12 July 2002. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −50.0 °C (−58.0 °F) on 13 January 1911. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , the Alberta portion of the City of Lloydminster had a population of 19,739 living in 7,636 of its 8,530 total private dwellings, a change of 0.5% from its 2016 population of 19,645. With
8091-495: Was a Hudson's Bay Company post at Cumberland House , founded in 1774 by Samuel Hearne . The southern part of the province was part of Spanish Louisiana from 1762 until 1802. In 1803, the Louisiana Purchase transferred from France to the United States part of what is now Alberta and Saskatchewan. In 1818, the U.S. ceded the area to Britain. Most of what is now Saskatchewan was part of Rupert's Land and controlled by
8184-456: Was a strong opponent of non-British immigration to Canada. During a nearly disastrous immigration journey, which was badly planned and conducted, he distinguished himself with the colonists and replaced the Barr Colony's leader and namesake Isaac Montgomery Barr during the colonists' journey to the eventual townsite. The town developed rapidly: by 1904, there was a telegraph office as well as
8277-413: Was erected in 1994 near the city's downtown core. The majority of Lloydminster's population lived on the Saskatchewan side until recent decades; in the 2011 Canadian Census , nearly two-thirds of the city's population lived on the Alberta side. In 2000, the city hall and municipal offices were moved from Saskatchewan to an Alberta location on Meridian Avenue, also known as 50th Avenue, which runs along
8370-414: Was far harsher, especially for the first arrivals who lived in sod houses . However eastern money poured in and by 1913, long term mortgage loans to Saskatchewan farmers had reached $ 65 million. The dominant groups comprised British settlers from eastern Canada and Britain, who comprised about half of the population during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They played the leading role in establishing
8463-433: Was not available in Lloydminster for the first few years after its founding. While provincehood of some sort for the prairie territories was seen as inevitable by 1903, it had been widely expected by some, including North-West Territories premier Frederick W. A. G. Haultain , that only one province would eventually be created instead of two. The colonists were not aware of the federal government's deep-rooted opposition to
8556-557: Was the solution that the mayor and council preferred. The provincial border runs north to south, falling directly on 50th Avenue (Meridian Avenue) in the centre of Lloydminster. Meridian Avenue north of the Yellowhead Highway (also named 44th Street) remains the main downtown street for stores, offices and businesses, with some also located on the intersecting east–west streets. Addresses east of 50th Avenue are considered to be in Lloydminster, Saskatchewan and addresses west of 50th Avenue are considered to be in Lloydminster, Alberta. The city
8649-533: Was the subject of the 1991 stop-motion animated short The Balgonie Birdman , directed by Brian Duchscherer and produced by the National Film Board of Canada . The town's population plummeted during the 1930s and 1940s, but the completion of the Trans-Canada Highway in the late 1950s brought new growth. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Balgonie had a population of 1,756 living in 621 of its 628 total private dwellings,
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