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37-514: Bajwara is an old historic town situated in Hoshiarpur District . It is birthplace of Mata Sundri , second wife of Guru Gobind Singh . This is also the birthplace of Sher Shah Suri, Todar Mal from the Jerath family, and Mahatama Hansraj. It was site of a battle between Raja Jasrat and Allahdad Kaka, governor of Lahore of Delhi Sultanate in 1432, who was defeated and forced to fled. This town

74-652: A large number of Dalits ( untouchables ), who earlier converted to Sikhism to escape Hindu casteism , but felt socially excluded by the Jat Sikh dominated clerical establishment. The word Dera derives from the Persian word Derah or Dirah , which literally means a camp, abode, monastery or convent. The phenomenon of Dera , as sectarian institution, is not new in Punjab and it is much older than Sikhism . Deras in Punjab , before

111-553: A large number of people to the deras as well. The affluent Dalits among the Punjabi diaspora have also contributed to the growth of the deras . According to a 2006–2007 study, there were more than 9,000 deras in the rural areas of Indian Punjab , including both those belonging to mainstream Sikhism and those outside of it. A number of deras are also located in the neighbouring Indian states of Haryana , Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh . The mainstream Sikh deras strictly observe

148-607: A location in the Indian state of Punjab is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Hoshiarpur District Hoshiarpur district is a district of Punjab state in northern India . Hoshiarpur, one of the oldest districts of Punjab, is located in the North-east part of the Punjab state and shares common boundaries with Gurdaspur district in the north-west, Jalandhar district and Kapurthala district in south-west, Kangra district and Una district of Himachal Pradesh in

185-407: A southerly direction until it turns the flank of the central range, and debouches westwards upon the plains. This western plain consists of alluvial formation, with a general westerly slope owing to the deposit of silt from the mountain torrents in the sub-montane tract. The Beas has a fringe of lowland, open to moderate but not excessive inundations, and considered very fertile. A considerable area

222-571: A stone temple stated to date back to the time of Pandavas. According to the Chinese pilgrim, Hieun Tsang, the area of Hoshiarpur was dominated by a tribe of Chandrabansi Rajputs, who maintained an independent existence for centuries before the Muhammadan conquest. The country around Hoshiarpur formed part of the old kingdom of Katoch in Jalandhar . The state was eventually broken up, and the present district

259-661: Is covered by government woodlands, under the care of the forest department. Rice is largely grown, in the marshy flats along the banks of the Beas. The district, owing to its proximity to the hills, possesses a comparatively cool and humid climate. Cotton fabrics are manufactured, and sugar, rice, other grains and indigo are among the exports. Hoshiarpur is also known as a City of Saints. There are many deras in this district. Several religious fairs are held, at Anandpur Sahib , Dasuya , Mukerian and Chintpurni , all of which attract an enormous concourse of people. The District Govt. College

296-407: Is estimated to be King Virat's kingdom where Pandavas spent their one-year exile. Hoshiarpur is also popular for old astrological facts where it is said to be that old documents where past, present and future birth of every person is written in detail, are safely kept at this place. Many people visit Hoshiarpur to find out about their past, present and future in every birth they have or had taken in

333-421: Is less than 40 percent. The table below shows the sex ratio of Hoshiarpur district through decades. The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Hoshiarpur district. The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Hoshiarpur district. Languages of Hoshiarpur district (2011) At

370-490: The Rehat Maryada (Sikh code of conduct). The majority of their followers and jathedars are from the Jat Sikh community. The jathedars of these deras are rarely non-Jat, and never a Dalit. However, there are several Dalit sewadars , granthis , ragis , and kirtan performers in these deras . Some of the prominent mainstream Sikh deras include those of: Deras outside the mainstream of Sikihism do not abide by

407-584: The 1997 Punjab Legislative Assembly Election . The SAD has openly sought electoral support from the Sikh deras . The Sant Samaj deras have openly supported SAD. Among the non-Sikh deras , the Dera Sacha Sauda (DSS) is influential in the Malwa region, and has a political wing. It has supported multiple political parties in various elections. The Dera Sach Khand Ballan (DSB) asked its Dalit followers to vote for

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444-640: The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) in 2012 Punjab Legislative Assembly elections , which was responsible for the dismal performance of the Indian National Congress (INC) in the Doaba region. The Bhaniarwala Dera has not openly supported any political party, but disfavours the Shiromani Akali Dal candidates. The Dera Beas ( Radha Soami ) has not openly supported any particular party either, but in

481-490: The Second Anglo-Sikh War , in 1848 found the disaffected chieftains ready for rebellion. They organized a revolt, but the two rajas and the other ringleaders were captured, and their estates confiscated. Hoshiarpur is an ancient centre of Hindu epics and culture itself. In Bajwara (4 km east on Una Road from the present city) ruins of an ancient culture can still be found. Mythologically, Teh Dasuya of this district

518-541: The deras of Bandai Khalsa (a sect who proclaimed Jathedar Banda Singh Bahadur as the 11th guru), Nanakpanthis , Sewapanthis , Bhaktpanthi, Suthrashahi, Gulabdasis, Nirmalas and the Nihangs . 19th century onwards, several more deras came into being. The distinguishing characteristic of these new deras was that they acted as centres of Dalit mobilization. The majority of the followers of these deras were people of Dalit background, who had embraced Sikhism to escape

555-569: The deras . Some of these incidents include: Various political parties, including the Sikh party Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD), and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), and the Indian National Congress (INC), have patronized the deras to attract the Dalit votebank . During the election season, several political leaders and candidates visit the deras , seeking support from the leaders of the various deras . This trend first became visible during

592-408: The 15th century during Mughal rule. This place got developed till the 18th century before it came into the hands of Sansi Sikh ruler Maharaja Ranjit Singh . Bajwara was a popular trading centre between Bukhra and Delhi. Bajwara consisted of 22 Bassi villages. 31°30′54″N 75°56′58″E  /  31.51500°N 75.94944°E  / 31.51500; 75.94944 This article about

629-728: The Dalits assert their pride, customs and tradition. The deras are seen as a challenge to the mainstream Sikhism represented by the Khalsa Sikh identity. The total number of the followers of the various deras far exceeds the number of followers of the Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple) based clerical establishment, the Akal Takht . The tensions between the Dalits and the Jat-led Khalsa Sikhs have manifested in form of conflicts involving

666-567: The Sikh Rehyat Maryada . Along with the Sikh gurbani , they also recite non-Sikh texts, and some of them also indulge in idol worship , which is forbidden in Sikhism. Unlike the mainstream Sikh deras , where the holy book Guru Granth Sahib is considered as the only and final guru , the non-mainstream Sikh deras practice devotion towards a contemporary human guru. Some of the major non-mainstream Sikh deras include: The majority of

703-712: The Sikhism, belonged to Sufi Pirs , Yogi Naths , and Sants of the Bhakti movement . In Punjab, the popularity of Sufi pirs, sants or their shrines can be seen through their veneration across the communities such as Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims. Shrines of Sufis were known as khanqahs . The major function of khanqah was to provide relief to people of all communities, particularly the lower strata of different communities. Several khanqahs were built and facilities were provided to lower castes of Hindu populace in rural areas. Khanqahs with modest hospitality and generosity offered spiritual guidance, psychological support and counseling that

740-1083: The ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020. The table below shows the number of road accidents and people affected in Hoshiarpur district by year. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Hoshiarpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640 ). It is the only district in Punjab currently receiving funds from the Backward regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). Hoshiarpur has 6,480 registered industrial units, which employ more than 31 thousand employees. There are 24 large and medium industries, where more than 15,000 people work. The District of Hoshiarpur comprises four sub-divisions, ten development blocks, eight municipal councils and one notified area committee, as listed below: Dera (organization) Several deras started out as non-orthodox Sikh sects , and many of them are now centres of distinct non-Sikh religious movements. Many deras have attracted

777-564: The close of the year 1818 the whole country from the Sutlej to the Beas had come under the government of Lahore , and after the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1846 passed to the British government. The deposed rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan received cash pensions from the new rulers, but expressed bitter disappointment at not being restored to their former sovereign position. Accordingly, the outbreak of

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814-514: The early Paleolithic man but also by those in the protohistoric and historic periods. The legends associate several places in the district with Pandavas. Dasuya is mentioned in epic of Mahabharata as the seat of Raja Virata in whose services the Pandavas remained for thirteen years during their exile. Bham, about 11 km west of Mahilpur, is said to be the place where the Pandavas passed their exile. Lasara, about 19 km north of Jaijon, also contains

851-760: The followers of these deras are Dalits , Other Backward Classes , and the poor among the Jat Sikhs . However, most of the deras are led by people from upper-caste backgrounds. As of 2007, the Nirankaris were led by a Khatri ; the Dera Sacha Sauda was led by a Jat of the Sidhu clan; and the Radha Soamis were led by a Jat of the Dhillon clan. The Dalit-dominated deras have emerged as major centres of counter-culture , where

888-863: The manifestation of the shared devoutness of Punjabis . During the lifetime of the Sikh Gurus , several deras were established, many of them by the rival claimants to the Guru Gaddi (Guru-seat, the throne of the Sikh gurus). These deras included those of the Udasis , the Minas , the Dhirmalias, the Ramraiyas , the Handalis, and the Massandis . During the consolidation of the Sikh religion, several more deras cropped up. These included

925-519: The nation of Gabon or the US state of Idaho . This gives it a ranking of 310th in India (out of a total of 640 ). The district has a population density of 683 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,770/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.95%. Hoshiarpur has a sex ratio of 961 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 85.40%. Scheduled Castes made up 35.14% of

962-460: The north-east. Hoshiarpur district comprises 4 sub-divisions, 10 community development blocks, 9 urban local bodies and 1417 villages. The district has an area of 3365 km . and a population of 1,586,625 persons as per census 2011. Hoshiarpur, along with the districts of Nawanshehar, Kapurthala and parts of Jalandhar, represents one of the cultural regions of Punjab called Doaba or the Bist Doab -

999-486: The oppresive Hindu caste system . However, they continued to experience social exclusion in the caste hierarchy of the Sikh society, which pushed them towards the deras and other organizations that promise social equality. The increasing politicization of the Sikh institutions—the Akal Takht and the Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee (SGPC) - and their domination by Jat Sikhs has driven

1036-522: The past. Among the numerous ancient cultural centers in Hoshiarpur was town Jaijon. Said to be Founded by Jaijjat rishi around 11th century at the Shivalik foothills, Jaijon was a flourishing trade centre. It was also known as a centre for oriental studies. Noted scholars and exponents of Sanskrit, Astrology, Ayurveda and music visited this place for meeting. Music composers Pandit Husan Lal and Bhagat Ram and noted Pakistani poet Tufail Hoshiarpuri belonged to

1073-448: The population. The Hoshiarpur district has one of the highest Scheduled Caste population (34%) population in Punjab. The Hoshiarpur -I and Hoshiarpur -II have 48 percent Scheduled Castes population. In Mahilpur block the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is 44 percent and in Bhunga block it is 41 percent while in the remaining blocks the proportion of Scheduled Castes population

1110-484: The same place. Jaijon also have a small old railway station from the British era. Ayurveda scholar Pandit Govind Ram Vatsyayan and Sanskrit laureate Acharya Vishwanath belonged to Jaijon. Mahilpur Town Founded by Chaudhary Mahlo Bains Garhdiwala Founded by Chaudhary Garhia Sahota Garhshankar Founded by Bhanots According to the 2011 census Hoshiarpur district has a population of 1,586,625, roughly equal to

1147-439: The time of the 2011 census, 93.74% of the population spoke Punjabi and 5.27% Hindi as their first language. In the year 2017, Hoshiarpur district had the highest number of malaria cases in Punjab at 153. The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Hoshiarpur, as of year 2020. The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Hoshiarpur of women between

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1184-569: The tract of land between two rivers, namely Beas and Sutlej. The area, along with the Shivalik foothills on the right side of Chandigarh-Pathankot road in Hoshiarpur, is sub mountainous. This part of the district is also known as Kandi area. The two rivers, Sutlej and Beas along with two other seasonal streams, provide drainage to the region. Besides these, the Kandi region is full of seasonal streams. Hoshiarpur district falls into two nearly equal portions of hill and plain country. Its eastern face consists of

1221-669: The westward slope of the Solar Singhi Hills ; parallel with that ridge, a line of lower heights belonging to the Siwalik Range traverses the district from south to north, while between the two chains stretches a valley of uneven width, known as the Jaswan Dun . Its upper portion is crossed by the Sohan torrent, while the Sutlej sweeps into its lower end through a break in the hills, and flows in

1258-420: Was divided between the, rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan . They retained undisturbed possession of their territories until 1759, when the rising Sikh chieftains commenced a series of encroachments upon the hill tracts. In 1815 Maharaja Ranjit Singh , forced the ruler of Jaswan to resign his territories in exchange for an estate on feudal tenure; three years later the raja of Datarpur met with similar treatment. By

1295-473: Was free and open to all people. By doing so, khanqahs challenged the establishment of stratified social structure either Hindu or Muslim societies. Soon, khanqahs became epicenters of socio-cultural and theological activities of people from all ethnic and religious backgrounds and genders. Sufi shrines of Sakhi Sarvar Sultan, Sheikh Farid , Bulleh Shah , Sheikh Fattha, Khwaja Khizr, the Panj Pir (Five Pirs) were

1332-459: Was once a campus for Punjab University, and it was predominantly inhabited by Gujjar and Saini, Dogras of Jammu-Punjab Region during the reign of the Sikh Empire . The area of present Hoshiarpur District was also part of Indus Valley Civilization. Recent excavations at various sites in the district have revealed that the entire area near the Shivalik foothills was selected for habitation not only by

1369-518: Was settled sometime in the late 15th century by Pashtun Muslims from the Sulaiman Mountains . From this town, the Pathans used to keep an eye on the local Hindu Hill Rulers in case they tried to rebel against Lodi rule . Bahlul Lodi also used to use this town as a fortress while going on his expeditions. The Rajput ruler Raja Sansar Chand built a fort here known as Bajwara Fort sometime in

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