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Bairagarh

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62-661: Bairagarh may refer to: A suburb of the Bhopal city where the Bhopal airport is located Bairagarh Airport , the airport of Bhopal Bhopal Bairagarh , a railway station in Bhopal suburb Bairagarh, Berasia , a locality in the Berasia tehsil of Bhopal district; located near the Dungaria dam Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

124-537: A 19-gun salute and the Grand Cross of the Star of India. The latter made her equivalent to a British person, who had been granted a knighthood. Thus she became, at that time, the only female knight in the entire British Empire besides Queen Victoria. Among the relatively minor rewards, a territory was restored to her, that she had earlier lost to a neighbouring prince. Sikandar ruled until 1868, when Shah Jehan succeeded her and

186-417: A dam ( pal ) constructed by the king's minister. An alternative theory says that the city is named after another king called Bhupala (or Bhupal). According to yet another version, Raja Bhoj suffered from leprosy. His physician advised him to build a lake with water from 365 rivers and take daily bath in it. When such a lake was built, it was called Bhoj Tal [or Bhoj's lake]. Gradually people started calling

248-572: A gap of 25 years, the state capital's masterplan 2031 was finally released in March 2020 by the Directorate of Town and Country Planning, Madhya Pradesh. The previous masterplan of 1995 was valid until 2005; and Bhopal had no masterplan between 2005 and 2020. Bhopal Municipal Corporation was ranked 3rd out of 21 Cities for best governance and administrative practices in India in 2014. It scored 3.7 on 10 compared to

310-630: A hot summer and a humid monsoon season. Summers start in late March and go on until mid-June, the average temperature being around 30 °C (86 °F), with the peak of summer in May, when the highs regularly exceed 40 °C (104 °F) Extreme high in May was 46.7 °C on 19 May 2016 and in June it was 45.9 °C on 7 June 2019. The monsoon starts in late June and ends in late September. These months see about 40 inches (1020 mm) of precipitation, frequent thunderstorms and flooding. The average temperature

372-493: A resolution to involve local citizens in cleaning, conserving and maintaining the lakes. Bhopal city is divided into two parts where one part which is near the VIP and lake is Old Bhopal (north) and the other, New Bhopal (south), where malls are mainly situated. List of pin codes from Bhopal is 462001 to 462050 which comes under Bhopal postal division (Bhopal Region). Bhopal has a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), with cool, dry winters,

434-513: A ring-road around Bhopal which connects it to Jabalpur in the East (via NH 45 ) and Jaipur to the North west. NH 146 , a branch of NH 46 , connects the city to Sagar and Kanpur in the North. State Highway 18 connects the city with Indore (with Sehore and Dewas on the way). State Highway 23 connects the city to Guna and Berasia in the north. An interstate bus terminus was inaugurated in 2011,

496-401: A significant portion of the population depending on ground water (tubewells, handpumps) as well as privately owned and unaccounted for dugwells and borewells. According to a study done in 2014, piped water supply in the city covers about 6% of the population; however, irregular and bad quality of water supply is a common complaint in the city. The system of solid waste disposal in urban areas

558-667: A three-month pilot and if the pilot is successful, the clinics will be opened in other places as well. As of 2017, the city of Bhopal produces 310 MLD of sewage per day, of which only 50 MLD is treated in the 7 Sewage treatment plants that have a capacity of 80 MLD. Most of the sewage reaches water bodies, the Upper and Lower Lake, Motia Lake, Siddique Hasan Lake, Munshi Hussain Khan Lake. There are about 800 large drains in Bhopal. About 80% sewerage water mixes with storm water drains main drains include Patra, Mandi and Hataikheda, Jatkhedi. After

620-658: Is a public law school and a National Law University located in Bhopal , India . Established in 1997 by the State of Madhya Pradesh , it is the second law school established under the National Law School system. The university launched its first academic program in 1998, with Indian jurist V.S. Rekhi as the Director. The university admits around 120 candidates each year through the Common Law Admission Test for

682-464: Is also part of the larger urban agglomeration of Bhopal, with a population of 1,883,381. The first municipal body that governed the municipal population of the city came into being in 1907 in erstwhile Bhopal estate, and was called Majlis-e-intezamia". The first city survey was conducted in 1916 after the enactment of Municipal act. Till 1956, the area under Bhopal Municipal limit was very small, after which surrounding villages were added to it. By 1975,

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744-613: Is an annual Muslim world preachers congregation, is held at Eint khedi, 11 km from Bhopal. The annual congregation near Bhopal attracts between 5,00,000 and 10,00,000 Muslims globally. The Nawabs of Bhopal built several structures including the Taj-ul-Masajid and Taj Mahal palace in Indo-Islamic and European styles. Bharat Bhavan is the main cultural centre of the city, and hosts many theatre and film festivals every year. It has an art gallery, an open-air amphitheatre facing

806-469: Is around 25 °C (77 °F) and the humidity is quite high. Temperatures rise again up to early November when winter starts, which lasts up to early March. Winters in Bhopal are cool, and not very much comfortable like summers, with average daily temperatures around 18 °C (64 °F). The winter peaks in January when temperatures may drop close to freezing on some nights. Lowest temperature ever recorded

868-531: Is considered as one of the important financial and economic destinations in Madhya Pradesh's two strong wealth pillars, the other being Indore . Bhopal's GDP(nominal) was estimated at INR 44,175 crores (2020–21) by the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Madhya Pradesh. A Y-class city , Bhopal houses various educational and research institutions and installations of national importance, including ISRO 's Master Control Facility , BHEL and AMPRI . Bhopal

930-603: Is governed by the municipality under the Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules 2000. These rules have been framed under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The city of Bhopal generates 900 tonnes of solid waste. As of 2018, only 1.5% of this waste is segregated. While the municipality website states that door-to-door collection was started by BMC at each zone and ward level from 15 August 2013, Free Press Journal has reported in 2020 that

992-540: Is home to a large number of institutes of National Importance in India, namely, IISER , MANIT , SPA , AIIMS , NLIU , IIFM , NIFT , NIDMP and IIIT (currently functioning from a temporary campus inside MANIT ). Bhopal city also has Regional Science Centre, Bhopal , one of the constituent units of the National Council of Science Museums (NCSM). The city attracted international attention in December 1984 after

1054-619: Is located in the central part of India, just north of the upper limit of the Vindhya mountain ranges. Located on the Malwa plateau, it is higher than the north Indian plains and the land rises towards the Vindhya Range to the south. The city has uneven elevation and has small hills within its boundaries. The prominent hills in Bhopal are the Idgah, Arera and Shyamala hills in the northern region, together with

1116-755: Is located near the suburb of Bairagarh (formerly known as Sant Hirdaram Nagar) and is the primary airport serving the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. There are three routes or ways to reach the airport: (1) Via Bairagad, (2) Via Panchvati, (3) Via Gandhi Nagar road (N.H 12). From within the city, VIP Road, a four-lane road takes one to the airport, which lies 15 km to the north of the city. International flights began operations in 2010. Air India, Spice Jet and Indigo operate domestic direct flight services. As of April 2023, Bhopal has non-stop flights to New Delhi, Mumbai, Jaipur, Ahmedabad, Udaipur, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Mopa, Agra, Prayagraj and Raipur. There are no international flights from Bhopal. National Highway 46 forms

1178-768: Is one of the few states in India, which uses the Mayor-in-Council (MIC) system and hence the elected representatives of the Bhopal Municipal Corporation are also organised as MIC. There are multiple municipal departments in BMC such as Health and Environment; Education, Social JusticeFood and Culture; Planning and Rehabilitation; Public Relations and Library; Fire Brigade and Transport; Power; Engineering; Revenue and Project; Accounting; JnNURM; M.P.U.S.P and General Administration. Elections held for 85 wards of Bhopal Municipal Corporation on 6 July 2022 As of September 2020,

1240-520: Is the capital city of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of both Bhopal district and Bhopal division . It is known as the City of Lakes, due to presence of various natural and artificial lakes near the city boundary. It is also one of the greenest cities in India. It is the 16th largest city in India and 131st in the world. After the formation of Madhya Pradesh, Bhopal

1302-399: The Bhopal disaster , when a Union Carbide pesticide manufacturing plant (now owned by Dow Chemical Company ) leaked a mixture of deadly gases composed mainly of methyl isocyanate , leading to the worst industrial disaster in history. The Bhopal disaster continues to be a part of the socio-political debate and a logistical challenge for the people of Bhopal. Bhopal was selected as one of

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1364-645: The Kushabhau Thakre Inter State Bus Terminal is located near the Habibganj railway station . Railways started in Bhopal in 1884 when the Bhopal–Itarsi section of New Delhi–Chennai main line was opened. Bhopal Junction railway station was opened in 1884 and is a junction station on the Delhi–Chennai line and Ujjain–Bhopal section . A total of 234 trains halt/originate/terminate at

1426-711: The National Judicial Academy . Since 2009, NLIU has stationed the Rajiv Gandhi National Cyber Law Center , established by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India . J.S. Verma had proposed the first National Law School at Bhopal. However, major action would not be taken on this proposition until the National Law Institute University was set up in Bhopal by Act No. 41 of 1997 (or NLIU Act, 1997, which

1488-598: The Rajiv Gandhi National Cyber Law Centre were established in 2008. The university published the first edition of Indian Law Review in November 2009. The NLIU Law Review was first published in 2010, and the NLIU Journal of Intellectual Property Law was first published in 2012. In November 2017, nearly 400 students participated in a week-long protest outside the university gate, accusing Singh,

1550-585: The Vidhan Sabha , which seats 230 members of Legislative Assembly. The sixteenth (and current) Vidhan Sabha was elected in December 2023. As of June 2024 , the party in the majority in Vidhan Sabha is Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) with 165 seats which is led by Mohan Yadav . Bhopal district elects seven seats to the Assembly, and as per delimitation in 2008, Bhopal city is represented in 6 constituencies: It

1612-689: The B.A. LL.B. course and around 60 candidates for the B.Sc. LL.B. course. The postgraduate courses offered at the university are the Masters of Law (LL.M.) degree and the Master of Cyber Law & Information Security (MCLIS) degree. The university is a member of the Association of Indian Universities , and the visitor of the university is the Chief Justice of India . It works with the High Court of Madhya Pradesh and

1674-428: The Bhopal metropolitan area (the urban agglomeration that extends beyond Bhopal city) was 1,886,100 in 2011. The total effective literacy rate (for population aged 7+ years) was 85.24%, with male and female literacy respectively at 89.2% and 80.1%. Bhopal is the name of the division, as well as the district and the capital city of the district. The division is headed by the commissioner and additional commissioner for

1736-433: The Director of the university, of favouritism. Following the protests, Singh, who had been holding the position for the past 10 years, resigned. The Chief Justice of India of the time, Hemant Gupta , intervened to resolve the crisis. The Madhya Pradesh High Court began the process of appointing a new director of the university. At the same time, a committee was established to examine administrative mismanagement. With this,

1798-507: The Katara hills in the southern region. There are 17 lakes and 5 reservoirs biggest of them are upper lake ( Bada Talab ) and lower lake . The Upper Lake was built in the 11th century and has a surface area of 36 km and catchment area of 361 km while the Lower Lake has a surface area of 1.29 km and catchment area of 9.6 km . Recently, Bhopal Municipal Corporation came with

1860-593: The Union of India on 30 April 1949. The Bhopal state was taken over by the Union Government of India on 1 June 1949. In early December 1984, a Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal leaked around 32 tons of toxic gases, including methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas which led to the worst industrial disaster in the world to date . The official death toll was initially recorded as around 4,000. A Madhya Pradesh government report stated 3,787 deaths, while other estimates state

1922-918: The Upper Lake, two other theatres and a tribal museum. The Bharat Bhavan as well as the MP Legislative Assembly were designed by Charles Correa. Nominal GDP of Bhopal District was ₹44,175 crores for the year 2020–21 with a per-capita GDP of ₹1,40,729 as per the Directorate of Economics and Statistics (Madhya Pradesh). Bhopal's economy is primarily industrial and includes the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, automobiles, textiles, jewellery, and electronics. Other industries include cotton and flour milling, cloth weaving and painting, as well as making matches, sealing wax, and sporting equipment. The residents of Bhopal also engage in large retail businesses. Handicrafts, like zardozi and batua (a small string purse, usually used with Indian traditional dresses) are some of

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1984-536: The central discom of the state. It is regulated by the state electricity board, the Madhya Pradesh State Electricity Board (MPSEB), which is located in Bhopal. Fire services are provided by the Bhopal Municipal Corporation. Bhopal Municipal Corporation is responsible for planning, constructing and maintaining the water supply system within the city. Natural sources of water are surface water (upper lake, kolar reservoir, narmada river), with

2046-525: The city Bhojpal , and finally Bhopal. In the early 17th century, Bhopal was a small village in the Gond kingdom . The modern Bhopal city was established by Dost Mohammad Khan (1660–1726) died at the age of 66, a Pashtun soldier in the Mughal army. After the death of the emperor Aurangzeb , Khan started providing mercenary services to local chieftains in the politically unstable Malwa region. In 1709, he took on

2108-457: The city's abundance of lakes. Therefore, Bhopal's etymology suggests it may mean 'City of Raja Bhoja' or 'City of Lakes,' owing to its historical association with the king and its numerous water bodies. According to folklore, Bhopal was founded in the 11th century by the Paramara king Bhoja , who ruled from his capital at Dhar . This theory states that Bhopal was originally known as Bhojpal after

2170-490: The city. Other Software and IT companies established in the city include Sutherland Global Services, ISoft InfoTech, Soluzione IT Services, Netlink Software Pvt Ltd., Caresoft Inc India, Osmo IT Solution Pvt Ltd., and many more. Manjul Publishing House , located in the old city, is a major publishing house made famous by the translation of the Harry Potter series of novels into Hindi . The Raja Bhoj International Airport

2232-525: The civic body has failed in the same. Bhopal has 8 transfer stations, where the garbage collected zone wise is dumped, and without any segregation, the waste is transferred to the Adampur Chhawni landfill site . In 2018, after the National Green Tribunal (NGT) directed the BMC to clean dump at Bhanpur , which activists claim is 80 feet high and has polluted ground water up to 500 metres below,

2294-558: The combined armies of Mughal - Nizam - Nawab were decisively defeated in Battle of Bhopal (1737) by the great Peshwa Bajirao I . Bhopal became a princely state after signing a treaty (During the reign of Nazar Mohammed Khan 1816–1819) with the British East India Company in 1818. Between 1819 and 1926, the state was ruled by four women, Begums – unique in the royalty of those days – under British suzerainty. Qudsia Begum

2356-414: The day of Vijayadashami (or Dussehra ), huge effigies of Ravan are burnt in different parts of the city. Apart from jhankis, annual Durga puja is conducted in a huge way where large idols of mother goddess and pandals are installed and bhog is served. Several cultural programmes and other pujas like Kalipuja, Saraswati puja etc re also conducted. Eid is also a major festival in Bhopal. Bhopal Ijtema

2418-461: The disaster as an ecocide . The soil and ground water near the factory site have been contaminated by the toxic wastes. The Bhopal disaster continues to be the part of the socio-political debate; the clean-up of environmental contamination and rehabilitation of those affected continues to challenge the people of Bhopal. The centre is seeking a direction to Union Carbide and other firms for ₹ 78.44 billion additional amount over and above

2480-594: The division. The division has five districts, of which Bhopal is one. Bhopal district administration is headed by the District Magistrate of Bhopal, who is the chief executive officer for the district. The city is represented in the parliament by Bhopal Lok Sabha constituency , with Alok Sharma from the BJP elected in the 2024 Indian General Election . Bhopal also houses the State Legislative Assembly, or

2542-464: The earlier settlement amount of US$ 470 million in 1989 for paying compensation to the gas tragedy victims. The site of the industrial accident is rusting since the day of the disaster and has not been cleared off completely either by DOW Chemicals or government authorities, the site is still storing large quantities of lethal chemicals in underground tanks and overground storages. Bhopal has an average elevation of 500 metres (1401 ft) and

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2604-549: The fatalities were significantly higher (15,000) from the accident and the medical complications caused by the accident in the weeks and years that followed. The higher estimates have been challenged by Union Carbide, however, medical staff in the city were not able to adequately record data due to the massive influx of patients. The impact of the disaster continues to this day in terms of psychological and neurological disabilities, blindness, skin, vision, breathing, and birth disorders. Lawyers, academics and journalists have described

2666-597: The first twenty Indian cities (the first phase) to be developed as a smart city the Smart Cities Mission . Bhopal was also rated as the cleanest state capital city in India for three consecutive years, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Bhopal has also been awarded a 5-star Garbage Free City (GFC) rating, making it the cleanest State capital in the country in 2023. Bhopal is named after the legendary ancient king Raja Bhoja , with 'Bho' possibly originating from his name. Additionally, 'Pal' signifies 'dam' or 'reservoir,' reflecting

2728-508: The ideas presented and did not anticipate the nature of the event. Despite protests, the university allowed the event to proceed. In May 2024, the university, under the Department of Online and Distance Education (DDE), introduced several Advanced Certificate Programmes through Online Learning mode . In 2023, it was ranked 18th on the list of law universities by India's Board of Education National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF). NLIU

2790-646: The lease of Berasia estate and later annexed several territories in the region to establish the Bhopal State . Khan received the territory of Bhopal from the Gond queen Kamlapati in lieu of payment for mercenary services and usurped her kingdom after her death. In the 1720s, he built the Fatehgarh fort in the village, which developed into the city of Bhopal over the next few decades. The area of Malwa which also included Bhopal and nearby regions came under Maratha control after

2852-677: The municipal limit reached 71.23 square km. Bhopal Municipal Council got the status of Municipal Corporation, with total of 56 wards in 1983. Bhopal Municipal Corporation (BMC) is the urban civic body which oversees the needs of Bhopal city. The municipal corporation follows guidelines under the Madhya Pradesh Municipal Corporation Act, 1956, as well as the Madhya Pradesh Municipalities Act, 1961. In 2015, Kolar Municipal Corporation merged with it, after having been split from it earlier. In 2019, it

2914-408: The national average of 3.3. Diwali is a major festival in Bhopal. Gifts and sweets are exchanged and donation are made to the poor. Diwali is celebrated by worshiping the wealth goddess Lakshmi . During Ganesh puja and Durga Puja (Navratras), idols of Ganesh and Durga are established in jhankis throughout the city. People throng to offer prayers to their deities. At the end of Navratras, on

2976-748: The products of the Old City. Bhopal is also home to the DB Corp , informally called the Bhaskar Group (named after its major publication Dainik Bhaskar ), a ₹17 billion business conglomerate with a strong presence in media. Its head office is located in Maharana Pratap Nagar. While an IT Park, near Bhopal Airport, houses various software development companies and the city is expected to further enlarge its IT presence in near future with giants like WIPRO intending to establish software development centre in

3038-626: The protests ended and classes resumed. In October 2023, NLIU Bhopal hosted an event by the Young Thinkers' Forum, inaugurated by union minister Bhupender Yadav . The event featured speeches and literature deemed Islamophobic and hostile towards Christians , along with posters deriding and villainizing academics and intellectuals, who had previously opposed or criticized the BJP . Many students protested, citing discrimination against minorities , trans people , and feminists . Vice-chancellor S.   Surya Prakash stated that NLIU did not endorse

3100-448: The purpose of administration, and each ward is represented by a councillor elected for a term of five years. The winning party elects a council of members, who are responsible for various departments. Ward committees as well as Mohalla committees have been prescribed by the corporation act. In October 2016, the Pioneer reported the meeting of one ward committee in the city. Madhya Pradesh

3162-540: The reservation of wards has been decided. The present mayor of the city is Malti Rai. In 2019, the state government changed the rules that had applied since 1988, allowing the mayor to be indirectly elected, by elected councillors. V.S.Choudhary Kolsani is the municipal commissioner of the city. Additional municipal commissioner is Shashwant Singh Meena. The municipality receives income from tax collection, assigned revenue, rental income, fees and user charges, revenue grants, income from investment funds. The budget for

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3224-584: The station daily. Another station within Bhopal's urban limits is Habibganj railway station (Rani Kamalapati railway station) on the Delhi–Chennai line . It is India's first private railway station and also is promoted as first world-class railway station of India. A total of 108 trains halt/originate/terminate at the station daily. Other stations within urban limits are Sant Hirdaram Nagar railway station , Misrod railway station and Nishatpura railway station . National Law Institute University National Law Institute University Bhopal ( NLIU Bhopal )

3286-563: The title Bairagarh . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bairagarh&oldid=1194327146 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bhopal bhopal .city Bhopal ( / b oʊ ˈ p ɑː l / ; ISO : Bhōpāla, Hindi: [bʱoːpaːl] )

3348-404: The trenching ground was shifted to Adampur. In 2019, it was announced that India's first e-waste clinic was being set up in Bhopal. BMC along with Central Pollution Control Board came together to establish this clinic which will enable segregation, processing and disposal of waste, both residential and commercial. In January 2020, the clinic was inaugurated for operations. It started initially as

3410-649: The year 2020–21 has been approved as ₹2,495 crore. Bhopal Development Authority is the apex body for planning and co-ordination of development activities in the Mandhya Pradesh, which consists of Bhopal and its influence area, and was set up in 1976 under the Bhopal Development Authority Act, 1974. Electricity in Bhopal is distributed by the Madhya Pradesh Madhya Kshetra Vidyut Vitaran Company Limited,

3472-433: Was 0.6 °C. Total annual rainfall is about 1101 mm (43.35 inches). Bhopal has been ranked 6th best "National Clean Air City" (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results'. According to the 2011 census, the population of the Bhopal city (the area under Bhopal Municipal Corporation) is 1,798,218, with 936,168 males and 862,050 females. The population of

3534-417: Was Begum until 1901. In 1901, Shah Jehan's daughter Kaikhusrau Jahan became Begum, ruled until 1926, and was the last of the female line of succession. In 1926, she abdicated in favour of her son, Hamidullah Khan , who ruled until 1947, and was the last of the sovereign Nawabs . The rule of Begums gave the city its waterworks, railways, a postal system, and a municipality constituted in 1907. Bhopal State

3596-417: Was announced that the corporation would be split again and a proposal was put forth to the urban administration and housing department, which was criticised by the mayor-in-council. It also proposed for indirect election of the mayor. The municipal corporation is spread over an area of 463 km (179 sq mi) and has a population of 17,95,648. The city is divided into 14 zones and 85 wards for

3658-491: Was later substituted by Act No. 06 of 2018). Its first program was launched in 1998, and courses commenced on 1 September 1998. The Masters of Law (LL.M.) program was launched in 2007, producing its first graduates in 2009. The establishment of Student Bodies, Academic Cells and associations started in 2002 with the establishment of the NLIU Moot Court Association. The Centre for Business and Commercial Law and

3720-546: Was part of the Sehore district. It was bifurcated in 1972 and a new district, Bhopal, was formed. Flourishing around 1707, the city was the capital of the former Bhopal State , a princely state of the British ruled by the Nawabs of Bhopal until India's independence in 1947. Bhopal has a strong economic base with numerous large and medium industries operating in and around the city. Bhopal

3782-400: Was the first woman ruler (between 1819 and 1837), who was succeeded by her granddaughter, Shah Jehan . Between the years 1844–1860, when Shah Jehan was a child, her mother Sikandar (only daughter of Qudsia) ruled as regent. Curiously during the 1857 revolt , Sikandar supported the British, for which she was rewarded by proclaiming her as king in 1858. To give her further honour, she was given

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3844-482: Was the second-largest Muslim-ruled princely state: the first being Hyderabad . After the independence of India in 1947, the last Nawab expressed his wish to retain Bhopal as a separate unit. Agitations against the Nawab broke out in December 1948, leading to the arrest of prominent leaders including Shankar Dayal Sharma . Later, the political detainees were released, and the Nawab signed the agreement for Bhopal's merger with

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