Misplaced Pages

#519480

26-500: Bipa or BIPA may refer to: Bipa [ edit ] Bipa , korean musical instrument Bipa, Guinea BIPA [ edit ] Biometric Information Privacy Act , Illinois law BIPA (company)  [ de ] , Austrian retailer BIPA Odesa , Ukrainian basketball club British Indian Psychiatric Association British–Irish Parliamentary Assembly Patreksfjörður Airport , Iceland (by ICAO code) Topics referred to by

52-586: A basis but was modified to the Korean form, and followed Joseon style and Chinese style use of fake nails and Chinese techniques. It also reintroduced the two sound holes on the front characteristic of the two Korean bipa as well as the five strings characteristic of the hyang - bipa . The strings used are of twisted silk, rather than the metal-nylon used for the Chinese pipa. Following this recreation, there were many reinvented modern bipa . A more faithful restoration of

78-624: A form of traditional Korean court music that originated during the Three Kingdoms period (삼국시대). In the past, people have tried to restore the way to play Dang-bipa, but it seems to have failed because there are no professional musicians for this type of instrument. Currently, the Dang Bipa is restored in both shape and play. It is plucked with the mokbal plectrum ( 목발 ; 木撥 ) (small than bachi – plectrum of Japanese biwa ) or play with gajogak like Hyang Bipa. This Korea -related article

104-498: A large range of playable songs and also has a large range of tunes. The geomungo historically had a notation tablature system similar to that of the guqin Chinese seven-stringed zither jianzipu system, but this has been superseded by modern staff notation . The Korean-born, U.S. resident geomungo performer and composer Jin Hi Kim plays a custom-made electric geomungo in addition to

130-455: A leather thimble (called golmu ) to act as support as the strings are high above the frets and are difficult to press down firmly on the frets. The player can use the stick to strike the daemo leather protector during plucks to create percussive effects. The most typical tuning of the open strings for the playing of traditional Korean court music is (from string closest to the player outwards) Eb, Ab, Db, Bb, Bb, and Bb an octave lower than

156-444: A lot, with the appearance of electronic geomungo (전자 거문고). The instrument has been played with a hwaldae bow (활대 거문고), similar to playing the ajaeng ), and some versions have more strings. The Chinese wo konghou has 7 strings while the traditional geomungo only has 6 strings. In the development of culture, besides the conservation artists, inheriting the cultural tradition of the nation, there are artists who change and modernize

182-724: A wider range of three octaves. According to the Chinese character Dang (Hangul:唐, pinyin : táng ) is a word referring to the Tang dynasty , which means that this type of instrument originated in China and was introduced to Korea during the Tang dynasty. During the Goryeo period (918–1392), it was used in Dangak music. However, since the Korean era, it has also been used in Hyangak . The name Hyangak means "village music",

208-460: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article relating to lutes is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Geomungo The geomungo , alternate name hyeongeum , is a traditional Korean plucked zither with both bridges and frets . Geomungo is a representative stringed instrument made in Goguryeo before the 5th century. Scholars believe that

234-722: Is a five-stringed pipa, played with a plectrum – the standard type from the Goguryeo dynasty (고구려, 37–668) to the Silla dynasty (신라, −935). It is one of the three types of stringed lutes of the Silla dynasty (besides the geomungo and the gayageum ). Apart from the five-stringed, straight-necked and had five pegs; the front side is made of paulownia , the back side is chestnut. Until the Joseon dynasty (조선, 1392–1897), it increased to 10 frets, but modern versions can have up to 12 frets (voice close to three octaves ). When performing, musician usually sit, put

260-471: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bipa The bipa was popular in court music until it fell out of use in the early 20th century during the Japanese Colonial period. In 1988–1989, there was the first attempt to revive the two bipa that was unsuccessful in commercialization. This revived bipa used the existing modern Chinese pipa as

286-410: Is made of paulownia wood and the back plate is made of hard chestnut wood. Its six strings, which are made of twisted silk passed through its back plate. The pick is made from bamboo sticks in the size of regular household pencil. Near the bridge is a leather-covered section called daemo to protect the surface from the striking of the suldae stick. The six strings are named (from closest one to

SECTION 10

#1732845346520

312-412: Is the female musician Go Boseok (고보석) – who can also play Hyang bipa, wolgeum (moon lute), yanggeum and geomungo. Today, most hyang bipa players use the improved hyang bipa from the Chinese pipa, and most of them use techniques from the Chinese pipa, had more frets and especially in new musical compositions. The Dang bipa is a four-stringed lute, with a curved neck with 12 frets, the modern version has

338-399: The anjok bridges. Strings 2 and 3 are used to play stopped notes and the rest are played open or as drones (even string 4 which is above the frets, though it is sometimes played stopped in some pieces). The thickness of the strings are not sequential: usually the thickest string is the daehyeon , followed by the munhyeon and muhyeon . The yuhyeo is usually the thinnest string followed by

364-436: The geomungo was invented in the 6th century by prime minister Wang San-ak by remodeling the form of the ancient Chinese instrument guqin ( gogeum , also called chilhyeongeum , literally "seven-string zither"). After his death, the instrument was passed down to Ok Bogo, Son Myeong-deuk, Gwi Geum, An Jang, Cheong Jang, and Geuk Jong, while being widely spread over the kingdom. However, National Gugak Center of Korea raises

390-438: The gwaesangcheong and gwaehacheong , though some have the gwaesangcheong as the thinnest followed by the yuhyeon . Modernized geomungo increases the strings to 11, which are made of nylon. As with the traditional version, three strings are over the frets and the others are all open. But the traditional version of the geomungo has 6 strings, with three over the frets. Recently, the 6-string geomungo has been modified quite

416-589: The Confucian and literati guqin lore wholesale and applied it onto their own geomungo lore. The geomungo originated circa the 4th century (see Anak Tomb No.3 infra) through the 7th century from the kingdom of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea , although the instrument can be traced back to the 4th century. According to the Samguk Sagi (Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms), written in 1145,

442-568: The central tone. For sanjo and folk music, the Eb string is raised to F (plus all the strings might be raised a major 2nd up). The instrument is played in traditional Korean court music and the folk styles of sanjo and sinawi . Due to its characteristically percussive sound and vigorous playing technique it is thought of as a more "masculine" instrument than the 12-string or 24 string gayageum (another Korean zither); both instruments, however, are played by both male and female performers. The geomungo has

468-405: The instrument is painted in Goguryeo tombs. They are found in the tomb of Muyongchong and Anak Tomb No.3 . The geomungo is approximately 162 cm long and 23 cm wide (63.75 inches long, 9 inches wide), and has movable bridges called anjok (雁足 "goose feet") and 16 frets called gwae (棵; numbered 1 to 16 from left to right). It has a hollow body where the front plate of the instrument

494-450: The lute on their lap in an upright position (slightly leaning to the left), the left hand holds the neck or the body and presses the strings, the right hand uses five fake nails ( gajogak ) ( 가조각 ; 假爪角 ) to pluck the strings. In the past, people plucked the lute with a suldae – a bamboo stick (influenced from the geomungo ), but today the person who preserves the Hyang bipa way of playing

520-532: The name refers to Goguryeo and translates to "Goguryeo zither" or that it refers to the colour and translates to "black crane zither" ( hyeonhakgeum , 현학금 / 玄鶴琴 ). The geomungo's place in Korean culture is traditionally that of a scholars' instrument for self-cultivation, much like ancient Chinese had done with the guqin in China . However, the Koreans never adopted the guqin as a folk instrument but instead inherited

546-435: The player outward) munhyeon (文弦 "civil string"), yuhyeon (遊弦 "roaming string"), daehyeon (大弦 "big string"), gwaesangcheong (棵上清 "clarity upon the frets"), gwaehacheong (棵下清 "clarity below the frets"), and muhyeon (武弦 "martial string"), and are numbered 1 to 6 respectively in notation (or 文、方、大、上、中、下 in tablature form). Strings 2 to 4 go over fret 1 and are positioned over the frets whilst 1, 5, and 6 are supported by

SECTION 20

#1732845346520

572-464: The possibility that the geomungo originated from a traditional musical instrument of Goguryeo before Guqin was introduced. Meanwhile, Japanese scholars claim that the predecessor of geomungo was Wo Konghou(卧箜篌), a fretted bridge zither that was used in China since at least the Western Han Dynasty, and opinion about predecessor of Geomungo is still discussed among East Asian Scholars. Archetype of

598-405: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title BIPA . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BIPA&oldid=1240837071 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

624-588: The traditional Dang Bipa and Hyang Bipa had double crescent moons on body and had from 8 to 13 monolithic old bamboo frets (there are types up to 19 frets), especially the Hyang Bipa is painted with floral motifs on the top. The modern multi-frets Hyang Bipa is mostly influenced by the Chinese Pipa frets. In the past, two types of Bipa used twisted silk strings, but nowadays they are rarely used, but instead are made from chemical silk or polyester strings. The Hyang bipa

650-458: The traditional culture of the nation. The geomungo is generally played while seated on the floor. The strings are plucked with a short bamboo stick plectrum called suldae (술대/匙), which is held between the index and middle fingers of the right hand, while the left-hand presses on the strings (mostly 2 and 3) by either pulling or pushing to produce various pitches using the thumb and first four fingers. The left-hand ring-finger usually wears

676-400: The two bipa is used in contemporary traditional music. In 2007, restoration by National Gugak Center of South Korea followed closely to the two original bipa from Akhak - Gwebeom [1] , not made like the Chinese pipa. This recreation uses silk strings and is plucked with fake nails (formerly used bare fingers) or with a plectrum, stick. This is used for traditional music and sanjo . Both

#519480