89-419: Ayalaan ( / ə j ə l ɑː n / transl. Alien ) is a 2024 Indian Tamil -language science fiction action film directed by R. Ravikumar and produced by KJR Studios. The film stars Sivakarthikeyan and Rakul Preet Singh in the lead roles, alongside Sharad Kelkar , Isha Koppikar , Karunakaran , Yogi Babu , David Broughton-Davies, Bhanupriya and Bala Saravanan , with Siddharth voicing
178-468: A lexical root to which one or more affixes are attached. Most Tamil affixes are suffixes . Tamil suffixes can be derivational suffixes, which either change the part of speech of the word or its meaning, or inflectional suffixes, which mark categories such as person , number , mood , tense , etc. There is no absolute limit on the length and extent of agglutination , which can lead to long words with many suffixes, which would require several words or
267-468: A "dream come true" moment, on associating with Rahman for the first time. Rahman agreed to do the picture in late-2017 and eventually began the music sittings and composition in March 2018. Despite the delay in the film's shoot, Rahman had completed composing three songs for the film, apart from singing the intro song, after Sivakarthikeyan's request. On the occasion of Sivakarthikeyan's birthday 17 February 2021,
356-480: A , as with other Indic scripts . This inherent vowel is removed by adding a tittle called a puḷḷi , to the consonantal sign. For example, ன is ṉa (with the inherent a ) and ன் is ṉ (without a vowel). Many Indic scripts have a similar sign, generically called virama , but the Tamil script is somewhat different in that it nearly always uses a visible puḷḷi to indicate a 'dead consonant' (a consonant without
445-740: A 2001 survey, there were 1,863 newspapers published in Tamil, of which 353 were dailies. Tamil is the primary language of the majority of the people residing in Tamil Nadu , Puducherry , (in India) and in the Northern and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka . The language is spoken among small minority groups in other states of India which include Karnataka , Telangana , Andhra Pradesh , Kerala , Maharashtra , Gujarat , Delhi , Andaman and Nicobar Islands in India and in certain regions of Sri Lanka such as Colombo and
534-551: A day before the film's release. Ayalaan was released theatrically on 12 January 2024, during the week of Pongal and clashing with Captain Miller . As of December 2021, the film was facing uncertainty over its release due to 24AM Studios borrowing ₹ 5 crore (equivalent to ₹ 5.6 crore or US$ 670,000 in 2023) from Tag Entertainment, and the Madras High Court granted a stay over its release till 3 January 2022 unless
623-511: A family of around 26 languages native to the Indian subcontinent . It is also classified as being part of a Tamil language family that, alongside Tamil proper, includes the languages of about 35 ethno-linguistic groups such as the Irula and Yerukula languages (see SIL Ethnologue ). The closest major relative of Tamil is Malayalam ; the two began diverging around the 9th century CE. Although many of
712-426: A girl who found it. Aryan tracks them down but to no avail. However, Aryan has Tattoo's spaceship after finding it in the beginning of the film after an encounter with Tattoo. Tattoo decides to return to his planet. Tamizh decides to help him get his spaceship. However, as Tattoo leaves, Tamizh is stabbed by Eliza, Aryan's assistant. Tattoo sees this and comes back to save Tamizh with his powers, causing Tamizh to have
801-585: A launch event in Chennai. Thereafter, the film's team headed to Gokulam Studios for a brief schedule. Nirav Shah used the Alexa LF camera, making Ayalaan the first Indian film to be shot using this camera. Major portions of the film were shot in Chennai and has been shot at regular intervals, which delayed due to Sivakarthikeyan's commitments in other projects. On 18 February 2019, Sivakarthikeyan confirmed that filming had been resumed in Chennai. However, his involvement in
890-399: A motion capture suit of ₹20 lakhs due to budget constraints. But during the period of delay, they bought an advanced motion capture suit at a low price, while also performing facial capture for the alien which helped them provide a better quality. The film's post-production involved extended visual effects. In January 2021, it was reported that the makers need more than 10 months to complete
979-591: A number of apparent Tamil loanwords in Biblical Hebrew dating to before 500 BCE, the oldest attestation of the language. Old Tamil is the period of the Tamil language spanning the 3rd century BCE to the 8th century CE. The earliest records in Old Tamil are short inscriptions from 300 BCE to 700 CE. These inscriptions are written in a variant of the Brahmi script called Tamil-Brahmi . The earliest long text in Old Tamil
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#17328528168221068-650: A number of skeletons were found buried in earthenware urns dating from at least 696 BCE in Adichanallur . Some of these urns contained writing in Tamil Brahmi script, and some contained skeletons of Tamil origin. Between 2017 and 2018, 5,820 artifacts have been found in Keezhadi . These were sent to Beta Analytic in Miami , Florida , for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) dating. One sample containing Tamil-Brahmi inscriptions
1157-512: A number of sound changes, in particular, a tendency to lower high vowels in initial and medial positions, and the disappearance of vowels between plosives and between a plosive and rhotic. Contact with European languages affected written and spoken Tamil. Changes in written Tamil include the use of European-style punctuation and the use of consonant clusters that were not permitted in Middle Tamil. The syntax of written Tamil has also changed, with
1246-451: A report claimed that the film's team worked for 15 hours to shoot the climax sequence. Filming was further affected due to the COVID-19 pandemic . In July 2020, the makers reported that Sivakarthikeyan will join the shooting after wrapping his commitments with Doctor (2021). Later, the final schedule was commenced on 26 November 2020, with minimal crew, adhering to the guidelines imposed by
1335-537: A sentence in English. To give an example, the word pōkamuṭiyātavarkaḷukkāka (போகமுடியாதவர்களுக்காக) means "for the sake of those who cannot go" and consists of the following morphemes : போக pōka go முடி muṭi accomplish Nirav Shah Nirav Shah (born 16 November 1974) is an Indian cinematographer . He has worked on a number of major box office hits in Tamil , Hindi and Malayalam since his debut with
1424-620: A small number speak the language. In Reunion where the Tamil language was forbidden to be learnt and used in public space by France it is now being relearnt by students and adults. Tamil is also spoken by migrants from Sri Lanka and India in Canada , the United States , the United Arab Emirates , the United Kingdom , South Africa , and Australia . Tamil is the official language of
1513-598: A somewhat predictable storyline, the VFX of the film and its fun storytelling aided by appealing characters make this a great festive watch for the families, especially with the children." Janani K of India Today gave 2.5/5 stars and wrote "'Ayalaan' is a fun film for kids and could appeal to them more because of its simplistic approach." Priyanka Sundar of Firstpost rated the film 1.5 stars out of 5. Kirubhakar Purushothaman of The Indian Express gave 2/5 stars and wrote, "The laughs in this sci-fi comedy are sparse and few, much like
1602-595: A subject of study in schools in the French overseas department of Réunion . In addition, with the creation in October 2004 of a legal status for classical languages by the Government of India and following a political campaign supported by several Tamil associations, Tamil became the first legally recognised Classical language of India. The recognition was announced by the contemporaneous President of India , Abdul Kalam , who
1691-458: A variety of dialects that are all collectively known as Brahmin Tamil . These dialects tend to have softer consonants (with consonant deletion also common). These dialects also tend to have many Sanskrit loanwords. Tamil in Sri Lanka incorporates loan words from Portuguese , Dutch , and English. In addition to its dialects, Tamil exhibits different forms: a classical literary style modelled on
1780-438: A vowel). In other Indic scripts, it is generally preferred to use a ligature or a half form to write a syllable or a cluster containing a dead consonant, although writing it with a visible virama is also possible. The Tamil script does not differentiate voiced and unvoiced plosives . Instead, plosives are articulated with voice depending on their position in a word, in accordance with the rules of Tamil phonology . In addition to
1869-575: Is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia . It is one of the two longest-surviving classical languages in India , along with Sanskrit , attested since c. 300 BCE. The language belongs to the southern branch of the Dravidian language family and shares close ties with Malayalam and Kannada . Despite external influences, Tamil has retained a sense of linguistic purism, especially in formal and literary contexts. Tamil
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#17328528168221958-457: Is based on the dialect of Jaffna . After Tamil Brahmi fell out of use, Tamil was written using a script called vaṭṭeḻuttu amongst others such as Grantha and Pallava . The current Tamil script consists of 12 vowels , 18 consonants and one special character, the āytam . The vowels and consonants combine to form 216 compound characters, giving a total of 247 characters (12 + 18 + 1 + (12 × 18)). All consonants have an inherent vowel
2047-401: Is deemed unlikely by Southworth due to the contemporary use of the compound 'centamiḻ', which means refined speech in the earliest literature. The Tamil Lexicon of University of Madras defines the word "Tamil" as "sweetness". S. V. Subramanian suggests the meaning "sweet sound", from tam – "sweet" and il – "sound". Tamil belongs to the southern branch of the Dravidian languages ,
2136-563: Is extensively described in the oldest known grammar book for Tamil, the Tolkāppiyam . Modern Tamil writing is largely based on the 13th-century grammar Naṉṉūl which restated and clarified the rules of the Tolkāppiyam , with some modifications. Traditional Tamil grammar consists of five parts, namely eḻuttu , col , poruḷ , yāppu , aṇi . Of these, the last two are mostly applied in poetry. Tamil words consist of
2225-501: Is found in Tholkappiyam , which is dated as early as late 2nd century BCE. The Hathigumpha inscription , inscribed around a similar time period (150 BCE), by Kharavela , the Jain king of Kalinga , also refers to a Tamira Samghatta ( Tamil confederacy ) The Samavayanga Sutra dated to the 3rd century BCE contains a reference to a Tamil script named 'Damili'. Southworth suggests that
2314-405: Is generally taken to have been completed by the 8th century, was characterised by a number of phonological and grammatical changes. In phonological terms, the most important shifts were the virtual disappearance of the aytam (ஃ), an old phoneme, the coalescence of the alveolar and dental nasals, and the transformation of the alveolar plosive into a rhotic . In grammar, the most important change
2403-409: Is generally used in formal writing and speech. For instance, it is the language of textbooks, of much of Tamil literature and of public speaking and debate. In recent times, however, koṭuntamiḻ has been making inroads into areas that have traditionally been considered the province of centamiḻ . Most contemporary cinema, theatre and popular entertainment on television and radio, for example,
2492-410: Is in koṭuntamiḻ , and many politicians use it to bring themselves closer to their audience. The increasing use of koṭuntamiḻ in modern times has led to the emergence of unofficial 'standard' spoken dialects. In India, the 'standard' koṭuntamiḻ , rather than on any one dialect, but has been significantly influenced by the dialects of Thanjavur and Madurai . In Sri Lanka, the standard
2581-771: Is not always consistently applied. ISO 15919 is an international standard for the transliteration of Tamil and other Indic scripts into Latin characters. It uses diacritics to map the much larger set of Brahmic consonants and vowels to Latin script , and thus the alphabets of various languages, including English. Apart from the usual numerals, Tamil has numerals for 10, 100 and 1000. Symbols for day, month, year, debit, credit, as above, rupee, and numeral are present as well. Tamil also uses several historical fractional signs. /f/ , /z/ , /ʂ/ and /ɕ/ are only found in loanwords and may be considered marginal phonemes, though they are traditionally not seen as fully phonemic. Tamil has two diphthongs : /aɪ̯/ ஐ and /aʊ̯/ ஔ ,
2670-577: Is predominantly spoken in Tamil Nadu , India, and the Northern and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka . It has significant speaking populations in Malaysia , Singapore , and among diaspora communities . Tamil has been recognized as a classical language by the Indian government and holds official status in Tamil Nadu, Puducherry and Singapore. The earliest extant Tamil literary works and their commentaries celebrate
2759-409: Is the Tolkāppiyam , an early work on Tamil grammar and poetics, whose oldest layers could be as old as the late 2nd century BCE. Many literary works in Old Tamil have also survived. These include a corpus of 2,381 poems collectively known as Sangam literature . These poems are usually dated to between the 1st century BCE and 5th century CE. The evolution of Old Tamil into Middle Tamil , which
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2848-772: Is used as one of the languages of education in Malaysia , along with English, Malay and Mandarin. A large community of Pakistani Tamils speakers exists in Karachi , Pakistan , which includes Tamil-speaking Hindus as well as Christians and Muslims – including some Tamil-speaking Muslim refugees from Sri Lanka. There are about 100 Tamil Hindu families in Madrasi Para colony in Karachi. They speak impeccable Tamil along with Urdu, Punjabi and Sindhi. Many in Réunion , Guyana , Fiji , Suriname , and Trinidad and Tobago have Tamil origins, but only
2937-627: The COVID-19 pandemic , while additional photography took place in November 2022. The film has music composed by A. R. Rahman , cinematography by Nirav Shah and editing by Ruben . It has over 4500 visual effects shots, the most for an Indian film. Ayalaan was released theatrically on 12 January 2024, during the week of Pongal , after having been delayed from Diwali (late 2023) due to unfinished post-production works, and received mixed reviews from critics, who praised Sivakarthikeyan's performance, visual effects, message and cinematography but criticised
3026-458: The Pandiyan Kings for the organization of long-termed Tamil Sangams , which researched, developed and made amendments in Tamil language. Even though the name of the language which was developed by these Tamil Sangams is mentioned as Tamil, the period when the name "Tamil" came to be applied to the language is unclear, as is the precise etymology of the name. The earliest attested use of the name
3115-584: The University of Madras , was one of the earliest dictionaries published in Indian languages. A strong strain of linguistic purism emerged in the early 20th century, culminating in the Pure Tamil Movement which called for removal of all Sanskritic elements from Tamil. It received some support from Dravidian parties . This led to the replacement of a significant number of Sanskrit loanwords by Tamil equivalents, though many others remain. According to
3204-486: The 11th century, retain many features of the Vaishnava paribasai , a special form of Tamil developed in the 9th and 10th centuries that reflect Vaishnavite religious and spiritual values. Several castes have their own sociolects which most members of that caste traditionally used regardless of where they come from. It is often possible to identify a person's caste by their speech. For example, Tamil Brahmins tend to speak
3293-412: The 2004 Hindi film Paisa Vasool . After having worked as an assistant to other noted cinematographers and solely on many television advertisements , music videos and short films , Nirav Shah became an independent cinematographer for a "full feature film", debuting with the 2004 Bollywood film Paisa Vasool , following which he worked on another Hindi project Intequam (2004). It was, however,
3382-553: The 2005 Tamil gangster film Pattiyal , following which Vishnuvardhan worked together with Shah for all his following feature films, creating, along with noted music composer, Yuvan Shankar Raja , one of the most acclaimed and most successful collaborations in the Tamil film industry. Shah's works in Vishnuvardhan's films including Arinthum Ariyamalum (2005), Billa (2007) and the most recent Sarvam (2008) got high praise and much critical acclaim, turning him into one of
3471-456: The CEO of Phantom FX which handled the film's visual effects and whom served as the supervisor worked with Ravikumar on conceptualising the design for the alien character. Ravikumar sketched the initial design of the alien for the past seven years, and wanted it to be a prominent figure appearing throughout the film, as well as portray various emotions and reactions. Ravikumar and Bejoy also ensured that
3560-507: The Hindi blockbuster film Dhoom (2004) that made people take notice of Shah, winning him accolades and gaining him fame and popularity. Subsequently, Shah got offers from the Tamil film industry as well and moved southwards, debuting in Kollywood with the 2005 Linguswamy -directed action film Sandakozhi , following which he was called up by director Vishnuvardhan . They first teamed up for
3649-476: The Indian state of Haryana , purportedly as a rebuff to Punjab , though there was no attested Tamil-speaking population in the state, and was later replaced by Punjabi , in 2010. In Malaysia, 543 primary education government schools are available fully in Tamil as the medium of instruction . The establishment of Tamil-medium schools has been in process in Myanmar to provide education completely in Tamil language by
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3738-469: The Indian state of Tamil Nadu and one of the 22 languages under schedule 8 of the constitution of India . It is one of the official languages of the union territories of Puducherry and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . Tamil is also one of the official languages of Singapore . Tamil is one of the official and national languages of Sri Lanka, along with Sinhala . It was once given nominal official status in
3827-585: The Tamil language, Kannada still preserves a lot from its roots. As part of the southern family of Indian languages and situated relatively close to the northern parts of India, Kannada also shares some Sanskrit words, similar to Malayalam. Many of the formerly used words in Tamil have been preserved with little change in Kannada. This shows a relative parallel to Tamil, even as Tamil has undergone some changes in modern ways of speaking. According to Hindu legend, Tamil or in personification form Tamil Thāi (Mother Tamil)
3916-673: The Tamils who settled there 200 years ago. Tamil language is available as a course in some local school boards and major universities in Canada and the month of January has been declared "Tamil Heritage Month" by the Parliament of Canada . Tamil enjoys a special status of protection under Article 6(b), Chapter 1 of the Constitution of South Africa and is taught as a subject in schools in KwaZulu-Natal province. Recently, it has been rolled out as
4005-467: The alien should be liked by children as well. Hence, they showcased the initial designs of the alien character to children for look tests and they finalised the design after their approval. A puppet resembling the alien was procured from the United States to ensure precision in lighting and details by cinematographer Nirav Shah's team, that costed around ₹2 crores. However, due to the delay in obtaining
4094-442: The ancient language ( sankattamiḻ ), a modern literary and formal style ( centamiḻ ), and a modern colloquial form ( koṭuntamiḻ ). These styles shade into each other, forming a stylistic continuum. For example, it is possible to write centamiḻ with a vocabulary drawn from caṅkattamiḻ , or to use forms associated with one of the other variants while speaking koṭuntamiḻ . In modern times, centamiḻ
4183-670: The culture associated with the Neolithic complexes of South India, but it has also been related to the Harappan civilization . Scholars categorise the attested history of the language into three periods: Old Tamil (300 BCE–700 CE), Middle Tamil (700–1600) and Modern Tamil (1600–present). About of the approximately 100,000 inscriptions found by the Archaeological Survey of India in India are in Tamil Nadu. Of them, most are in Tamil, with only about 5 percent in other languages. In 2004,
4272-936: The dialect of Madurai , and iṅkaṭe in some northern dialects. Even now, in the Coimbatore area, it is common to hear " akkaṭṭa " meaning "that place". Although Tamil dialects do not differ significantly in their vocabulary, there are a few exceptions. The dialects spoken in Sri Lanka retain many words and grammatical forms that are not in everyday use in India, and use many other words slightly differently. Tamil dialects include Central Tamil dialect , Kongu Tamil , Madras Bashai , Madurai Tamil , Nellai Tamil , Kumari Tamil in India ; Batticaloa Tamil dialect , Jaffna Tamil dialect , Negombo Tamil dialect in Sri Lanka; and Malaysian Tamil in Malaysia. Sankethi dialect in Karnataka has been heavily influenced by Kannada . The dialect of
4361-399: The differences between Tamil and Malayalam demonstrate a pre-historic divergence of the western dialect, the process of separation into a distinct language, Malayalam, was not completed until sometime in the 13th or 14th century. Additionally Kannada is also relatively close to the Tamil language and shares the format of the formal ancient Tamil language. While there are some variations from
4450-454: The digital intermediate partner. The film's broadcast rights were sold to Sun TV and the streaming rights to Sun NXT . It began streaming on Sun NXT from 9 February 2024. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes , 33% of 6 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 7/10. Ayalaan received mixed reviews from critics, who praised Sivakarthikeyan's performance, visual effects, message and cinematography but criticised
4539-634: The district of Palakkad in Kerala has many Malayalam loanwords, has been influenced by Malayalam's syntax, and has a distinctive Malayalam accent. Similarly, Tamil spoken in Kanyakumari District has more unique words and phonetic style than Tamil spoken at other parts of Tamil Nadu. The words and phonetics are so different that a person from Kanyakumari district is easily identifiable by their spoken Tamil. Hebbar and Mandyam dialects, spoken by groups of Tamil Vaishnavites who migrated to Karnataka in
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#17328528168224628-505: The film goes on floors. Ravikumar then fine-tuned the script, while Sivakarthikeyan went on star in Velaikkaran and Seemaraja . In December 2017, prior to the release of Velaikkaran , Sivakarthikeyan reiterated on Ravikumar's project with the script being drafted and also clarified that the production team planning to collaborate with top technicians for the project, which would begin after his commitments on Seemaraja . On 15 January 2018,
4717-640: The film is "light-hearted and has an expressive alien to entertain, but it doesn't push the boundaries enough to offer a gripping sci-fi experience". During an interview in December 2023, Sivakarthikeyan hinted that a sequel for the film would begin production soon. On 23 January 2024, the sequel was confirmed by KJR Studios and Phantom FX, with Ravikumar and Sivakarthikeyan returning in their positions. Tamil language Sri Lanka Singapore Malaysia Canada and United States Tamil ( தமிழ் , Tamiḻ , pronounced [t̪amiɻ] )
4806-468: The film team five takes to shoot each movement with and without him. In November 2023, Vadivelu was considered to voice the alien before Siddharth was finalised by the producers in December 2023. Siddharth charged no fee for his work. Sivakarthikeyan had previously dubbed for Siddharth in Sridhar , the Tamil dubbed version of Oh My Friend (2011). Principal photography began on 27 June 2018, preceded by
4895-458: The film was officially announced by 24AM Studios under the tentative title, SK14 (referring to the actor's 14th film) and A. R. Rahman was brought on board to compose music for the film. The following month, Nirav Shah joined the film as the cinematographer; further technicians were announced with editor Leo John Paul , art director T. Muthuraj , stunt choreographer duo Anbariv , costume designer Pallavi Singh being brought on board. John Paul
4984-444: The film's first single "Vera Level Sago" was released online and in the official YouTube channel of Sony Music South , which acquired the film's audio rights. The second single "Ayalaa Ayalaa" was released on 20 December 2023. The audio launch was held on 26 December 2023. The third single "Suro Suro" was released on 7 January 2024. The remaining songs, with the film's album were released to music streaming platforms on 11 January 2024,
5073-476: The film's title as Ayalaan on 3 February 2020. Rakul Preet Singh was cast as the female lead in February 2018. That April, Yogi Babu and Karunakaran were reported to be a part of the cast. On 27 June 2018, coinciding with the film's launch, Bhanupriya , Kothandam and Bala Saravanan were present at the ceremony, actively confirming their inclusions in the film. In July 2018, Bollywood actress Isha Koppikar
5162-411: The financial issues surrounding between the producers and the financiers. He further decided to forgo his remuneration to complete the film's shoot. Ravikumar too opted against accepting remuneration due to the film's financial troubles. By November, 75% of the shooting had been completed and the remaining portions would be shot within 25–30 days. The shooting resumed on 29 January 2020. On 9 February 2020,
5251-475: The good ideas." Latha Srinivasan of Hindustan Times wrote, "Ayalaan may have been delayed a few years but it will still appeal to adults – and kids – looking for a place to while away some good time." Krishna Selvaseelan of Tamil Guardian awarded the film 2 out of 5 stars, stating, "Targeting a film at children does not excuse the filmmaker from creating a good film – it has been done numerous times before." Vivek M. V. of The Hindu wrote that
5340-534: The government. A special team was designated, to observe the crew, including the director and the actor abiding to COVID-19 protocols. Koppikar and Kelkar arrived in Chennai, to join the film's shoot, which went on for two months. A song sequence was shot within 10 days in Chennai during January 2021, that featured 600 dancers in background. On 24 January 2021, the makers announced that principal photography has wrapped . The team then returned for additional photography which took place in November 2022. Bejoy Arputharaj,
5429-699: The hill country . Tamil or dialects of it were used widely in the state of Kerala as the major language of administration, literature and common usage until the 12th century CE. Tamil was also used widely in inscriptions found in southern Andhra Pradesh districts of Chittoor and Nellore until the 12th century CE. Tamil was used for inscriptions from the 10th through 14th centuries in southern Karnataka districts such as Kolar , Mysore , Mandya and Bengaluru . There are currently sizeable Tamil-speaking populations descended from colonial-era migrants in Malaysia , Singapore , Philippines , Mauritius , South Africa , Indonesia, Thailand, Burma , and Vietnam . Tamil
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#17328528168225518-432: The introduction of new aspectual auxiliaries and more complex sentence structures, and with the emergence of a more rigid word order that resembles the syntactic argument structure of English. In 1578, Portuguese Christian missionaries published a Tamil prayer book in old Tamil script named Thambiran Vanakkam , thus making Tamil the first Indian language to be printed and published. The Tamil Lexicon , published by
5607-456: The latter of which is restricted to a few lexical items. Tamil employs agglutinative grammar, where suffixes are used to mark noun class , number , and case , verb tense and other grammatical categories. Tamil's standard metalinguistic terminology and scholarly vocabulary is itself Tamil, as opposed to the Sanskrit that is standard for most Indo-Aryan languages . Much of Tamil grammar
5696-428: The latter— Remo (2016), Velaikkaran (2017) and Seemaraja (2018). On 16 October 2016, the company announced their fourth project with Sivakarthikeyan, that would be directed by R. Ravikumar , in his second directorial after Indru Netru Naalai (2015). Describing it as an ambitious project, Sivakarthikeyan said that the film would be made on a bigger scale, which allows more time for pre-production works before
5785-402: The model from there, they decided to develop an indigenous puppet resembling the alien by art director Muthuraj, during production. The team then captured the movements of the alien through motion capture performance with Venkatesh as the stand-in, and then combine it using visual effects. During pre-production in 2017, the motion capture technology costed around ₹80 lakhs, they went ahead with
5874-487: The most for an Indian film. In an interview with Galatta Plus, Sivakarthikeyan attributed the film's delay due to the incomplete post-production works during the pandemic as visual effects cannot be done with multiple restrictions. However, the delay helped Ravikumar to use new technologies for the film. The film's soundtrack and background score are composed by A. R. Rahman, which marks his first collaboration with Sivakarthikeyan and Ravikumar. Sivakarthikeyan described it as
5963-564: The most sought-after young cinematographers in Kollywood. He returned to Bollywood to work on the films Banaras and the sequel of Dhoom (both 2006), for which Shah again won accolades and also received several awards and nominations, particular for the latter one. He was signed up by Prabhu Deva for the Vijay -starrer Pokkiri (2007) and by the director-duo Pushkar-Gayathri for their debut venture Oram Po (2007). In 2008 then, Nirav Shah
6052-423: The name comes from tam-miḻ > tam-iḻ "self-speak", or "our own speech". Kamil Zvelebil suggests an etymology of tam-iḻ , with tam meaning "self" or "one's self", and " -iḻ " having the connotation of "unfolding sound". Alternatively, he suggests a derivation of tamiḻ < tam-iḻ < * tav-iḻ < * tak-iḻ , meaning in origin "the proper process (of speaking)". However, this
6141-531: The old aspect and time markers. The Nannūl remains the standard normative grammar for modern literary Tamil, which therefore continues to be based on Middle Tamil of the 13th century rather than on Modern Tamil. Colloquial spoken Tamil, in contrast, shows a number of changes. The negative conjugation of verbs, for example, has fallen out of use in Modern Tamil – instead, negation is expressed either morphologically or syntactically. Modern spoken Tamil also shows
6230-426: The production of Mr. Local , Namma Veettu Pillai and Hero delayed the project further. Adding to these were the financial issues surrounding Raja's production house, 24AM Studios, which led him backing out of the project, and Sivakarthikeyan himself offered to lend financial support for the film before KJR Studios took over. The project was later revamped on 20 September 2019, after Sivakarthikeyan sorted out
6319-471: The same powers. Eliza knocks Tattoo out and kidnaps him and gets Sparc. Tamizh and his friends don't know about this as Tamizh thought Tattoo had left. What happens next forms the crux of the story. Adapted from the closing credits : R. Ravikumar and Darshan , uncredited, appear in the song "Ayalaa Ayalaa" as train passengers. 24AM Studios, the production company founded by R. D. Raja , former manager of Sivakarthikeyan had produced three films starring
6408-500: The screenplay, Villain's character and its Clichés. A sequel was announced shortly after its release.. M. Suganth of The Times of India rated 3.5/5 stars and wrote, "It is the twists that Ravikumar gives to concepts that we have seen in several Hollywood films – superpowers, UFOs, extra-terrestrials, powerful robots, femme fatales, large-scale destruction – that makes Ayalaan an entertainer for all ages." Sanjith Sidhardhan of OTTplay rated 3.5/5 and told, "While Ayalaan has
6497-405: The screenplay,Villain's character and its Clichés. A sequel was announced shortly after its release. Tamizh, a happy-go-lucky man from Poombarai , is very concerned about taking care of nature. His mother sends him to Chennai to get another job. There, he befriends Sugirtharaja who is the head of a surprise party agency and joins the agency. He soon falls in love Tara, a young woman after getting
6586-465: The standard characters, six characters taken from the Grantha script , which was used in the Tamil region to write Sanskrit, are sometimes used to represent sounds not native to Tamil, that is, words adopted from Sanskrit, Prakrit , and other languages. The traditional system prescribed by classical grammars for writing loan-words, which involves respelling them in accordance with Tamil phonology, remains, but
6675-406: The sum was repaid. On 24 April 2023, it was announced that the film would be released during Diwali in November 2023. Later the film was delayed indefinitely to allow time for the visual effects and CGI work to be completed, before being scheduled for January 2024. The film's Telugu dubbed version was released on 26 January, but was removed from theatres a few days later due to "unsettled deals" with
6764-639: The titular role. It follows Thamizh who teams up with Tattoo, an alien, to stop Aryan, a rogue scientist, from making a deadly Nova gas, which would endanger the Earth. The film was announced by 24AM Studios in October 2016, but the studio backed out before KJR Studios took over, and principal photography commenced in June 2018. The film was predominantly shot in Chennai , and wrapped by early-January 2021 after delays due to financial issues, Sivakarthikeyan's other commitments and
6853-541: The visual effects, which cost over ₹40 crore. The team further brought in several technicians from Hollywood for the computer graphics and digital intermediate works. The dubbing for the film began in February 2021. Sachin Sudhakaran and Hariharan M. of Sync Cinema worked on the sound design . Besides providing visual effects, Phantom FX also co-produced the film through Phantom FX Studios, which would mark their first production. The film has over 4500 visual effects shots,
6942-517: The word for "here"— iṅku in Centamil (the classic variety)—has evolved into iṅkū in the Kongu dialect of Coimbatore , inga in the dialects of Thanjavur and Palakkad , and iṅkai in some dialects of Sri Lanka . Old Tamil's iṅkaṇ (where kaṇ means place) is the source of iṅkane in the dialect of Tirunelveli , Old Tamil iṅkiṭṭu is the source of iṅkuṭṭu in
7031-415: The wrong information from Sugirtharaja. At a function, Tamizh meets Tattoo, an alien sent to Earth by his leaders to retrieve Sparc, a mysterious element, before humans misuse it. Although initially scared, they form a bond and he introduces Tattoo to his friends. Meanwhile, a ruthless scientist named Aryan is shown to be hunting for Sparc after losing possession of it. Tamizh and Tattoo retrieve Sparc from
7120-526: Was a Tamilian himself, in a joint sitting of both houses of the Indian Parliament on 6 June 2004. The socio-linguistic situation of Tamil is characterised by diglossia : there are two separate registers varying by socioeconomic status , a high register and a low one. Tamil dialects are primarily differentiated from each other by the fact that they have undergone different phonological changes and sound shifts in evolving from Old Tamil. For example,
7209-473: Was announced that Shah would soon turn film director , directing a film under actor Arya 's production, starring Arya's brother Sathya in the lead role. Besides, Shah is currently developing and building India's biggest film studio , located at the Old Mahabalipuram Road off Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India , which is said to cost around Rs. 100 crore. Three of his films have been nominated at
7298-408: Was called by noted filmmaker Shankar to handle the camera for his forthcoming magnum opus science-fiction film Enthiran , but Shah had to reject the invitation because he had already given his word to his friend Vishnuvardhan 's Sarvam . He went on to work on the Hindi remake of Pokkiri , Wanted , directed again by Prabhu Deva and A. L. Vijay's Madrasapattinam . In July 2009, it
7387-457: Was cast as the stand-in for the alien, performed through motion capture. He signed the project first even before he went on to debut in Mathimaran (2023), released during the film's delay. Speaking to The New Indian Express , he said he used to wear a blue-coloured suit embedded with multiple sensors to capture his movements, while the facial expressions being captured by another person. It took
7476-762: Was cast, marking her return to Tamil cinema after Narasimha (2001). She described her character Eliza as a femme fatale and assassin, inspired by the Tomb Raider character Lara Croft . In August 2018, Marathi actor Sharad Kelkar was cast as the main antagonist, making his Tamil debut. He described his character as someone who is "hungry for power and new technology". Though Kelkar did not know Tamil, he would fluently communicate with Ravikumar during production as he felt that "cinema doesn't have any language". Welsh actor David Broughton-Davies portrays Dexter Williams, an American Ufologist . He spoke his dialogues in English and they were dubbed in Tamil. Venkatesh Senguttuvan
7565-586: Was claimed to be dated to around 580 BCE. John Guy states that Tamil was the lingua franca for early maritime traders from India. Tamil language inscriptions written in Brahmi script have been discovered in Sri Lanka and on trade goods in Thailand and Egypt. In November 2007, an excavation at Quseir-al-Qadim revealed Egyptian pottery dating back to first century BCE with ancient Tamil Brahmi inscriptions. There are
7654-528: Was created by Lord Shiva . Murugan , revered as the Tamil God, along with sage Agastya , brought it to the people. Tamil, like other Dravidian languages, ultimately descends from the Proto-Dravidian language , which was most likely spoken around the third millennium BCE, possibly in the region around the lower Godavari river basin. The material evidence suggests that the speakers of Proto-Dravidian were of
7743-404: Was later replaced by Ruben . In mid-July 2019, Raja and 24AM Studios decided to back out producing the film due to financial constraints and Sivakarthikeyan himself decided to produce it under his own banner Sivakarthikeyan Productions. However, when the project was revived in November, KJR Studios had decided to cash in the shares of Raja's productions including this project. The makers announced
7832-504: Was the lingua franca for early maritime traders, with inscriptions found in places like Sri Lanka , Thailand , and Egypt . The language has a well-documented history with literary works like Sangam literature , consisting of over 2,000 poems. Tamil script evolved from Tamil Brahmi, and later, the vatteluttu script was used until the current script was standardized. The language has a distinct grammatical structure, with agglutinative morphology that allows for complex word formations. Tamil
7921-451: Was the emergence of the present tense. The present tense evolved out of the verb kil ( கில் ), meaning "to be possible" or "to befall". In Old Tamil, this verb was used as an aspect marker to indicate that an action was micro-durative, non-sustained or non-lasting, usually in combination with a time marker such as ṉ ( ன் ). In Middle Tamil, this usage evolved into a present tense marker – kiṉṟa ( கின்ற ) – which combined
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