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49-725: Auto-Ordnance Corporation was created by John T. Thompson in August 1916 with the backing of investor Thomas Ryan . In 1915 Thompson had found the Blish Lock patent of Commander John Blish , which was the operating principle of the first prototypes of the Thompson submachine gun and the Thompson Autorifle . In exchange for shares of the newly founded company Blish agreed to give Thompson his patent. Thompson hired two design engineers Theodore H. Eickoff and Oscar V. Payne. The engineers learned that

98-595: A "trench broom." Thompson studied several designs and was impressed with a delayed-blowback breech system designed by John Blish , a commander in the United States Navy . With Blish as a partner, Thompson obtained the necessary venture capital to form the Auto-Ordnance Company , and began working on the design of what eventually became the Thompson submachine gun . When the United States finally entered

147-631: A court ruled that Alexandria is the only county seat, and Newport is not a county seat. On November 24, 2010, the Kentucky Court of Appeals disagreed, and granted Newport equal status as a county seat. On August 25, 2011, the Supreme Court of Kentucky denied review of the appellate decision. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 3.0 square miles (7.8 km ), of which 2.7 square miles (7.0 km )

196-474: A grant. Taylor's brother, Hubbard Taylor, had been mapping the land twenty years prior. It was not named for its position on the river but for Christopher Newport , the commander of the first ship to reach Jamestown, Virginia , in 1607. Newport was established as a town on December 14, 1795, and incorporated as a city on February 24, 1834. In 1803, the Ft. Washington military post was moved from Cincinnati to become

245-422: A household in the city was $ 44,095, and the median income for a family was $ 89,115. About 23.2% of the population were living below the poverty line , including 33.8% of those under age 18 and 34.4% of those age 65 or over. About 54.0% of the population were employed, and 35.6% had a bachelor's degree or higher. As of the census of 2010, there were 15,273 people, 6,194 households, and 3,273 families residing in

294-479: A significant part of Newport's landscape. Newport once had the reputation of "Sin City" due to its upscale gambling casinos on Monmouth street. Monmouth also had many men's stores, restaurants, and ice cream parlors. Investigations for racketeering pushed out the casinos, which were replaced by peep shows and adult strip clubs. Many of the old businesses disappeared when parking became difficult on Monmouth Street and

343-814: A special law, creating the Newport Court House District, and within that district, the Newport Courthouse Commission which functioned as a special taxing district, so that an additional courthouse could be built, and business could take place in Newport, in addition to Alexandria. In 2008, the Kentucky General Assembly removed the taxing authority from the Courthouse Commission, but left the District and Commission intact. In 2009,

392-601: A transition zone and is proximal to the extreme northern limit of the humid subtropical climate of the Southeastern United States. As of the census of 2020, there were 14,150 people living in the city, for a population density of 5,136.12 people per square mile (1,982.99/km ). There were 7,361 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 79.7% White , 9.1% Black or African American , 0.4% Native American , 1.0% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 2.7% from some other race , and 7.2% from two or more races. 5.7% of

441-833: A year of class, in 1877, he gained an appointment to the United States Military Academy (USMA) at West Point, New York , from where he graduated in June 1882. Among his classmates there at the academy were several men who would, like Thompson himself (who graduated 11th in a class of 37), eventually attain the rank of brigadier general or higher during their military careers, such as Edward Burr , Lansing H. Beach , Adelbert Cronkhite , Charles Treat ,  Edward A. Millar , Richard W. Young , Benjamin Alvord Jr. , George W. McIver , Henry T. Allen , William H. Sage , Thomas B. Dugan , and William H. Allaire . His first duty station

490-647: Is a home rule-class city at the confluence of the Ohio and Licking rivers in Campbell County, Kentucky , United States. The population was 14,150 at the 2020 census . Historically, it was one of four county seats of Campbell County. Newport is a major urban center of Northern Kentucky and is part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area . Newport was settled c.  1791 by James Taylor Jr. on land purchased by his father James Sr. from George Muse, who received it as

539-554: Is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km ) (8.42%) is water. Newport is located within the Bluegrass region found in the Upland South of the United States of America. Newport is also commonly referred to as being located in the Midwest . Either description of Upland South or Midwest is acceptable, as Newport is located at the boundary between those regions. Newport is located within

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588-816: The Battle of San Juan Hill . After the war, Thompson was appointed the chief of the Small Arms Division for the Ordnance Department. While in this position he supervised the development of the M1903 Springfield rifle and chaired the ordnance board that approved the M1911 pistol. For the latter, he devised unusual tests involving firing the weapon at donated human cadavers and live cattle to assess ammunition effectiveness. World War I began in Europe in 1914, and Thompson

637-665: The Newport Barracks . A bridge first connected Newport to Covington in 1853, and the first bridge spanning the Ohio River to Cincinnati, the John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge , opened in 1866. Newport experienced large German immigration in the 1880-90s. By 1900, Newport was the third largest city in Kentucky, after Covington and Louisville, although Newport and Covington were rightly considered satellites of Cincinnati. Prohibition under

686-604: The Newport Independent Schools School District. The district has one elementary school, one intermediate school, one middle school, and one high school. Newport is also home to a Catholic private high school; Newport Central Catholic is a coed private Catholic school in central Newport which has been operating for over 100 years. Newport has a public library , a branch of the Campbell County Public Library. A pivotal scene (in which

735-465: The Volstead Act of 1919 resulted in a widespread illegal sale of alcohol. Many gangsters began to smuggle alcohol into the city to supply citizens and businesses. Speakeasies , bribery, and corruption became a norm in Newport. A well known Newport crime boss was gambler and National Crime Syndicate member Ed Levinson . In 1921, Newport was rocked by a steel mill strike of +2,000 workers, following

784-610: The 1920s and for the .30 carbine trials in the early 1940s but these were not adopted by the military. Later during World War II, Auto-Ordnance established its own production plant in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and produced the M1928A1, M1 and M1A1 Thompsons to augment production by Savage Arms for the military. Auto-Ordnance also made parts for other military firearms as a subcontractor for other manufacturers in World War II. The Thompson M1A1

833-515: The 2011 political thriller The Ides of March was shot in Newport. The scene (in which Molly Stearns overdoses) was shot at the Comfort Inn located at 420 Riverboat Row facing downtown Cincinnati across the Dan C Beard Bridge in Kentucky. The Cincinnati area's Fox affiliate, WXIX-TV (channel 19) is allocated and licensed to Newport, though its actual operations and transmitter has always been across

882-679: The Army Distinguished Service Medal to Colonel (Ordnance Corps) John Taliaferro Thompson, United States Army, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility during World War I, as Chief of the Small Arms Division of the Office of the Chief of Ordnance, in which capacity he was charged with the design and production of all small arms and ammunition thereby supplied to

931-659: The Army in 1919 as a captain to join his father's automatic weapons business. Thompson died at the age of 79 on June 21, 1940, and is buried on the grounds of the United States Military Academy in West Point, New York . Shortly after his death, the looming entry of the U.S. into World War II prompted the Army to order the Thompson submachine gun in large quantities, and it was used extensively during that conflict in both original and modified versions. Newport, Kentucky Newport

980-516: The Blish lock design, which was a delayed blowback action, was ineffective with the .30-06 rifle cartridge but very effective with the .45 ACP pistol round. The birth of the Thompson submachine gun took place when Thompson had the idea of a "trench sweeper" or "trench broom". The first short run production model was 1919, too late for use in World War I. Thompson first showed the submachine gun design to

1029-599: The Cutts Compensator; the TM1 which resembles the later World War II M1 Thompson with the side-mounted bolt handle; and a "Thompson pistol" that essentially is an M1928 without provision for mounting a buttstock. Kahr Auto-Ordnance also manufactures replicas of the U.S. World War II M1 carbine and M1911 pistol . John T. Thompson John Taliaferro ( Italian pronunciation: [taljaˈfɛrro] ) (anglicized to "Tolliver" ) Thompson (December 31, 1860 – June 21, 1940)

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1078-400: The Thompson gun for the collectors' market, including .22 LR caliber. Auto-Ordnance Corporation was bought out in 1999 by Saelio Enterprises Inc., parent company of Kahr Arms . Numrich Arms continued as Gun Parts Corporation. Kahr continues to make semi-automatic-only "Thompson Carbines" in .45 ACP. Although they appear identical to their selective-fire (full-auto) predecessors, unlike those

1127-554: The US government, but it became a gun for law enforcement before it was put to use in the military. The initial production of the Model 1921 was by Colt. After the Thompson submachine gun received the nickname "Tommy Gun" in the popular press, Thompson went to the trademark office to protect the nickname. A small run of M1928 and M1928A1 made by Savage Arms were stamped "TOMMY GUN". Auto-Ordnance produced different prototypes for military rifle trials in

1176-589: The United States Army, which results he achieved with such signal success that serviceable rifles and ample ammunition therefore were at all times available for all troops ready to receive and use them. He retired again after the war, in December 1918, and resumed work perfecting the "Tommy Gun." Thompson originally pursued the Autorifle concept: a rifle utilizing the Blish principle delayed-blowback action to avoid

1225-465: The armistice. Thompson, therefore, marketed the weapon to civilian law enforcement agencies, who bought it in respectable quantities. However, by 1928, low sales had led the company to the financial crisis, and Thompson was replaced as head of the Auto-Ordnance Company. Thompson married Juliet Estelle Hagans. Their son Marcellus Hagans Thompson was a 1906 West Point graduate who retired from

1274-526: The autistic character Raymond Babbitt counts the toothpicks) in the 1988 film Rain Man was filmed in Newport at Pompilio's Italian restaurant. Scenes from the Netflix original movie Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile (2019) were filmed in Newport. The scenes from Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile (2019) showcase parts of Monmonuth Street, Pepper Pod, and Newport's historic court house. A scene from

1323-403: The average family size was 3.09. In the city the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males. The median income for a household in the city

1372-436: The city. The population density was 6,267.8 inhabitants per square mile (2,420.0/km ). There were 7,828 housing units at an average density of 2,878.0 per square mile (1,111.2/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 86.3% White , 7.6% African American , 0.3% Native American , 0.7% Asian , less than 0.01% Pacific Islander , 1.8% from other races , and 3.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.1% of

1421-442: The commercial district opened on the hill of south Newport. A garage at 938 John Street manufacturing illegal fireworks exploded without warning in 1981, leaving severe damage up to a six-block radius. In the 1980s and 1990s, Newport made plans to develop its riverfront and core to focus primarily on "family friendly" tourism, instead of the "Sin City" tourism of the past. In May 1999 the $ 40-million Newport Aquarium opened, and

1470-473: The complexity of recoil-operated and gas-operated actions. Testing found that the military issue .30-06 cartridge was too powerful to work satisfactorily using the Blish system. Thompson eventually decided to use the same .45 caliber ammunition in the Thompson submachine gun that he had vetted for use in the M1911 while in the Army. The weapon was patented in 1920, but the major source for contracts had ended with

1519-400: The end of WW1 and steel industry downturn. The strike involved one in five of the town's workers and was over recognition for the three unskilled union locals that made up the four locals within the union. During it, following unrest and the company arming the mill with machine guns, state militia companies and later tanks were stationed in the town, withdrawn in late 1922. The strike

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1568-560: The historic Posey Flats apartments were leveled in favor of the Newport on the Levee entertainment complex, which opened the following year. In 1997 plans for a 1,015-foot (309 m) structure called the "Millennium Tower" were revealed. The tower's main selling point was that building it would be financed by private money, as opposed to taxpayer money. The tower was expected to be completed by 2003, but investors later pulled out and no construction

1617-406: The largest small arms plant in the world. It manufactured Pattern 1914 Enfield rifles for British forces, and Mosin–Nagant rifles for Russia . The introduction of trench warfare in the war changed tactics substantially, and by 1916 Thompson was experimenting again with automatic small arms, this time attempting to design a weapon that troops could use to clear an enemy trench—what he called

1666-428: The new production Thompsons fire from a closed bolt rather than the open bolt of the original Thompson design. Dimensional changes prevent installation of full-auto bolts and fire control groups in the semi-auto frames or receivers. Variations include the "Chicago Typewriter" 1927A-1 which resembles the Model 1921AC of the gangster era; the 1927A-1 "Commando" which resembles the early World War II Model 1928A1 Thompson with

1715-508: The original 1916 AOC). Numrich Arms Auto-Ordnance assembled limited numbers of Thompson submachine guns primarily for law enforcement from existing receivers found in the crates purchased in 1951, including M1928A1 and M1A1 models. Numrich also supplied parts for Thompson guns to law enforcement and gun collectors. In 1974, the Numrich incarnation of Auto-Ordnance made a few full auto Thompson submachine guns and numerous semi-automatic only replicas of

1764-408: The population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 6,699 households, out of which 21.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 33.5% were married couples living together, 28.2% had a male householder with no spouse present, and 31.6% had a female householder with no spouse present. 45.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% were someone living alone who

1813-408: The population. There were 6,194 households, out of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.7% were married couples living together, 17.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.2% were non-families. 37.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and

1862-425: The surrounding cities. Many citizens did not like traveling south to Alexandria to conduct county business, as southern Campbell County was primarily undeveloped. In 1883, Newport successfully lobbied the state legislature for an exception to state law, which both required that a county seat be located in the center of the county, and that certain county business only be conducted at the county seat. Frankfort passed

1911-595: The war in April 1917 , Thompson returned to the Army and was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. He served as Director of Arsenals throughout the remainder of the war, in which capacity he supervised all small-arms production for the Army. For this service he was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal , the citation for which reads: The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting

1960-509: Was $ 27,451, and the median income for a family was $ 32,858. Males had a median income of $ 29,337 versus $ 22,723 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 15,207. About 20.7% of families and 22.3% of the population were below the poverty line , including 31.1% of those under age 18 and 16.3% of those age 65 or over. Newport is home to Newport on the Levee , a dining and entertainment complex located on Third Street, which includes Newport Aquarium . Newport Public Schools are part of

2009-423: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.98, and the average family size was 2.82. 15.4% of the city's population were under the age of 18, 69.4% were 18 to 64, and 15.2% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.4. For every 100 females, there were 119.6 males. According to the U.S. Census American Community Survey , for the period 2016-2020 the estimated median annual income for

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2058-519: Was a United States Army officer known for being the inventor of the Tommy gun . Born on December 31, 1860, in Newport, Kentucky , Thompson grew up on a succession of Army posts and had decided on the military as a career by the age of sixteen. His father was Lt. Col. James Thompson, his mother was Maria Taliaferro . He attended Indiana University and was a member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity. After

2107-539: Was at Newport Barracks (near in his birthplace of Newport, Kentucky), where he was assigned to the 2nd Artillery as a second lieutenant. He then attended engineering and artillery schools and was finally assigned to the Army's Ordnance Department in 1890, where he spent the rest of his military career. During this period he began his specialization in small arms. With the beginning of the Spanish–American War , Thompson

2156-460: Was done. Today the site for the tower is a parking lot next to the World Peace Bell. In the 21st century, Newport has experienced development with the entertainment industry. Newport is a county seat of Campbell County , and was previously a county seat from 1797 until 1823, and again from 1824 until 1840. In the 19th century, the overwhelming majority of the population lived in Newport and

2205-401: Was partially broken by the end of 1922 with some steelworkers leaving the town and others finding separate jobs in Newport. However, the strike did not formally end until seven years later in 1928, without union recognition for the three locals. Newport's worst natural disaster occurred in 1937, when a flood covered a great part of the city. A flood wall was completed in 1948, and remains

2254-467: Was promoted to lieutenant colonel and sent to Tampa, Florida as Chief Ordnance Officer for the commander of the Cuban campaign, General William R. Shafter . While the rest of the Army was plagued with logistical problems, Thompson managed ordnance supply operations to Cuba efficiently. More than 18,000 tons of munitions were transferred to the battlefield from his Tampa command without any accidents. Thompson

2303-418: Was promoted to colonel, the youngest such in the Army at the time. It was also this war that offered Thompson his first exposure to automatic weapons. At the request of Lt. John H. Parker , Thompson arranged for the informal formation of a Gatling gun unit, with fifteen weapons and a generous supply of ammunition, all shipped to Cuba on Thompson's sole authority. This unit later played a significant role in

2352-731: Was sympathetic to the Allied cause. Since the U.S. did not immediately enter the war, and because he recognized a significant need for small arms in Europe (as well as an opportunity to make a substantial profit), Thompson retired from the Army in November of that year and took a job as Chief Engineer of the Remington Arms Company . While with the company he supervised the construction of the Eddystone Arsenal in Chester, Pennsylvania , at that time

2401-554: Was typically issued to tankers and others affiliated with vehicles, due to the weapon's heavy weight and short effective range. Later, it became popular for use in urban environments due to its short barrel making it easier to bring to target in a confined space than the M1 Garand , and in jungle warfare due to its volume of fire and stopping power. During the 1950s, the assets of the original Auto-Ordnance Corporation were acquired and operated by Numrich Arms Corporation (NAC, no relation to

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