47-559: The Maurice Ravel Auditorium is a concert hall located in Part-Dieu , the 3rd district of Lyon . It was originally built for the National Orchestra of Lyon and is their residence hall. It is also one of the first buildings in France to be built with Prestressed concrete . The building was built without an acoustic study which resulted in the volume being too low for symphonic purposes, with
94-514: A 16 percent growth between 2008 and 2013 and now representing more than 30,000 jobs from 45,000 tertiary jobs from 60,000 total jobs inside the district. La Part-Dieu hosts national and regional headquarters of banks ( Caisse d’Épargne , Banque Populaire , Banque Rhône-Alpes, Société Générale , etc.), national and regional headquarters of leading consultancy firms (EY, Mc Kinsey, Adamas, and Manpower) and global headquarters of international groups ( April Group and Elkem Silicones ). The skyline
141-448: A 2018 study of Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC), Lyon is a Beta- city, meaning that it's an important globalized city , instrumental in linking their region or state into the world economy. It is also a credible alternative to Paris, with a GDP of 74.6 billion euros and France's second business park. Over half of La Part-Dieu 's economic landscape is dedicated to sustainable city and smart systems, showing
188-412: A GDP of 250 billion euros, is the second French and fourth European region in terms of GDP : 70,000 companies are created there each year. It is the first industrial French region (with 500,000 industrial jobs on 50,000 sites) and second only in terms of exports (imports amount to 11.2% and exports to 12.4% of France's global exchanges). Chemicals are the main export sector. According to
235-464: A central plaza well served by public transit, and an iconic tower as tall as the Basilica of Notre-Dame de Fourvière from its historical hill. However, the 1970s oil shocks and following housing crises altered the project as profitability became the main concern, isolating the district from the rest of city flows. Pedestrians were alienated because of the rupture of major axes caused by the expansion of
282-477: A direct link to the La Part-Dieu Mall , along with an underground parking lot. Designed by Arte Charpentier Architects and constructed in 2010, Tour Oxygène reflects the dynamism that Lyon has been experiencing since the early 2000s. Tour Swiss Life was designed by Christian Batton and Robert Roustit and completed in 1989. It reaches 82 meters and holds many Swiss Life office spaces. The whole architecture
329-399: A fort, acquired a military function. Because of the administrative, urban and geological complexity of Lyon, rail transport brought multiple train stations to existence. The Part-Dieu one was solely dedicated to freight transport . In 1844, Public Hospitals sold their land to the military administration, which built cavalry barracks from 1851 to 1863. However, the process of urbanization
376-500: A link between Lyon and Villeurbanne , as its design allows pedestrian traffic under concrete rail viaducts. Currently saturated, it is undergoing major renovation and construction works, since it welcomes 120 000 travellers and up to 150 high-speed " TGV " trains per day. La Part-Dieu covered food market is an international reference in terms of French and Lyon cuisine. 48 merchants ( fishmongers, cheesemakers, bakers and pastry cooks, caterers, cellarmen and restaurant owners ) work under
423-444: A park (Montluc Fort), on top of the centenary plane trees from the former cavalry barracks. The current 3rd arrondissement mayor is environmentalist Véronique Bertrand-Dubois. She works for Lyon Metropolis ' permanent commission as an advisor on urban habitat, planning, housing and politics. The SPL Part-Dieu, or La Part-Dieu's publicly owned local development corporation, is used by local authorities as an operational tool. It
470-413: A reflective concave back wall. The stage had no lateral walls, which resulted in the musicians struggling to hear one another. The wall was eventually treated to prevent strong echoes. Eventually a Phillips acoustic enhancement system was fitted to help with sound coverage and reverberation. In 1878 the renowned French organ builder, Aristide Cavaillé-Coll , was commissioned to build a concert organ for
517-584: Is a large railway station located in the Perrache quarter, in the 2nd arrondissement of Lyon , France. Historically the primary railway station in Lyon, today it is the city's second-busiest station, after the newer Lyon-Part-Dieu station . Opened in 1857 on Lyon's Presqu'île , the station is located on the Paris–Marseille railway , Lyon–Geneva railway and Moret–Lyon railway . The train services are operated by
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#1732859008772564-611: Is being shaped according to the Alps mountain range. Tour UAP, built in 1974 at 75 m (246 ft), was demolished in 2014 to make way for the 202 meter-tall Incity Tower. Tour EDF, built in 1977 at 82 m (269 ft), was renovated to make way for the 129 m ( ft ) Silex 2 extension in 2021. Tour M+M will make way for the M Lyon project. Valode & Pistre Hotel Hotel Robert Roustit Claude Eyraud Sud Architectes Wilmotte & Associés Chaix & Morel Christian de Portzamparc Clément Vergély Tour Incity , Lyon's tallest structure,
611-445: Is currently undergoing major renovation and construction works, according to a revitalization project totalling €2.5 billion between public and private investments. Various theories try to explain the origins of the "Part-Dieu" name (literally "Property of God"). It could either come from the tenacity with which several landlords managed to save pieces of land from Rhône waters or how Guillaume de Fuer named his parcel "Pardeu" by
658-456: Is frequented by 35 million visitors a year. It also has a 14 screen multiplex cinema. Mass transportation reinforced its position as a regional shopping hub. In 2010 the mall got a major extension thanks to the Oxygène Tower . This Unibail-Rodamco owned project is currently undergoing a major renovation project, totalling 300 million euros, according to a Winy Maas design. This concrete shell
705-470: Is surrounded by moats and is covered by typical late 80s and early 90s blue cladding. The company launched a project of a 220-meter skyscraper called Swiss Life 2 (formerly Eva), on the existing parking lot. Originally planned during the 1960s, Part-Dieu railway station only opened in 1983 as part of a high speed rail line project between Lyon and Paris. It was designed by Charles Delfante, Michel Macary, Eugène Gachon and Jean-Louis Girodet, and serves as
752-516: The French State sold the lands to a private company, SERL, to bring the project to life. The subsequent demolition of existing structures took 5 years. The fact that large estates were owned by state administrations (Public Hospitals, SNCF and the military), allowed for a profound transformation right in the middle of the city. The program evolved under the mandate of Mayor Pradel, not only by pushing for housing construction but also for encouraging
799-738: The Palais de Chaillot when the Trocadéro was demolished and was ultimately bought by the government of Lyon for the Auditorium. Part-Dieu La Part-Dieu ( French: [la paʁdjø] ) is a quarter in the 3rd arrondissement of Lyon , France. It is the second-largest tertiary district in France, after La Défense in Greater Paris . The area also contains Lyon's primary railway station, La Part-Dieu . This urban centre also provides major entertainment and cultural facilities, including one of
846-571: The SNCF and include TGV , Intercités , TER and international services. The station was built in 18 months starting in 1855 by François-Alexis Cendrier [ fr ] for the Chemin de fer de Paris à Lyon. From the beginning it was designed as a central station unifying the lines of the three companies then serving Lyon, which merged to form the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée (PLM) as
893-489: The Trente Glorieuses fuelled peripherical growth at the expense of city centres. As a result, a management plan was drafted by urbanist Charles Delfante and Jean Zumbrunnen, under the supervision of Mayor Louis Pradel. It included the development of commercial, tertiary and cultural activities, to compete with Paris and other international cities and to turn La Part-Dieu into a showcase of modernity. A central train station
940-514: The Trocadéro concert hall, under the supervision of renowned organist and composer Alexandre Guilmant . Because of the time constraints of the contract he did not have time to build one from scratch and had to use an uncompleted three-manual organ originally intended for the Church of Notre Dame in Auteuil, a district in the northwestern area of Paris, as the basis for the new instrument. The organ moved to
987-544: The central mall , and also by favouring vehicle transport over public transit and finally by constructing concrete pedestrian bridges several meters above street level that isolated architectures into islands. Nevertheless, several iconic structures were elevated during this decade, such as the Municipal Library (1972), the Mall and Auditorium (1975) and Tour Part-Dieu (1977). To that end, La Part-Dieu differentiated itself from
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#17328590087721034-473: The 1970s in a large planned business district outside the central city, acts as the more popular embarkation point for most high-speed trains, especially to Paris and the north. A rebuilding of the station is planned for completion by 2030, with a view to improving the intermodal terminal, which by then will be half a century old. To: Saint-Étienne , Roanne , Bourgoin-Jallieu , Villefranche-sur-Saône , Vienne , Bourg-en-Bresse and Ambérieu . The station
1081-600: The Halles were put in line with safety standards. It now bears the name of Paul Bocuse , the famed starred French chef from Lyon. Around 600,000 people visited Les Halles during the 2015 Festival of Lights weekend. La Part-Dieu mall was the largest urban mall in Europe when it opened in 1975. Built on the cavalry barracks' former location, it references the past with a parking lot named Cuirassiers or "Light Cavalry". The shopping centre has 240 shops and restaurants over five levels and
1128-625: The area with 7 highrises such as the Swiss Life and Oxygène Tower , although most proposals were scrapped, because Lyon was focusing elsewhere. Other objectives aimed at reintegrating the district within its surrounding urban environment by rethinking major axes, bringing the T1 tramway to life, renovating public spaces, improving connections between the métro and the main train station and demolishing elevated pedestrian footbridges. A district of 21,000 inhabitants, La Part-Dieu has developed on both sides of
1175-400: The centre of the metropolitan area. In 1926, a project based on American Downtowns emerged. Following World War II , France's top priorities were to rebuild the housing stock fast, to push for economic development and to favour efficient movements by car. Due to the evolution of warfare, the military compound lost its importance and became part of a massive housing estate project. In 1960,
1222-497: The construction of an administrative centre and private office space to host public services, such as radio and police stations. The winning architectural project abided by the Athens Charter , a rigorous modernist urban planning philosophy developed by Le Corbusier . It promoted the separation of human and car flow through the use of "above the street" concrete structures, in a La Défense fashion, allowing for car supremacy on
1269-437: The development of the new train station on each side of the rail tracks. The objective was also to integrate the district with its railways, that is, Central Lyon with eastern neighborhoods. 1983 saw the inauguration of France's first high speed rail TGV line, between Lyon and Paris. However, large urban roads surrounding the business district such as Viver-Merle Boulevard, kept the business district isolated from Central Lyon and
1316-627: The end of the 12th century. A last theory states that Marc-Antoine Mazenod gave his 140 hectares land to Hôtel-Dieu Public Hospitals after his daughter was saved miraculously and named it "Gift from God". Before the 1850s, La Part-Dieu was composed of rural flood-zones. It was ceded by the Mazenod-Servient family to the Hôtel-Dieu de Lyon Public Hospitals in 1737. The embankment of the Rhône river and construction of bridges (see Bridges of Lyon ) led to
1363-405: The historical center with a strong architectural identity by offering high end tertiary activities and public services. In 1974, it was decided to transfer the old Brotteaux station to La Part-Dieu thanks to its central position. By that time, line [REDACTED] of Lyon Métro arrived under the mall in 1978. Half of the marshalling yards were converted into a large real estate project to fund
1410-616: The largest urban shopping malls in Europe , 800 shops, Paul Bocuse indoor food market, café terraces, the Auditorium concert hall, Bourse du Travail theatre, Municipal Library, Departmental Archives and Fort Montluc . It contains several High-rise buildings , including the Tour Incity (202 m (663 ft)), the Tour To-Lyon (171 m (561 ft)) and the Tour Part-Dieu (164 m (538 ft)). The central business district
1457-541: The lower street level, while overhead orthogonal architecture standing on reinforced concrete stilts followed the Unité d'habitation principles. Consequently, several buildings were drawn by the hands of Jacques Perrin-Fayolle, Jean Sillan and Jean Zumbrunnen, nonetheless, only a third of the planned structures were constructed. While the Charles de Gaulle government pushed for the decentralization of France, car-centric urbanism from
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1504-555: The management of flood risk and urbanization of the eastern Rhone bank from 1772 onwards. By the end of the 18th century, La Part-Dieu domain was a large estate bordered by the Brotteaux and Guillotière districts. Lafayette bridge erected in 1872 accelerated the eastward urbanization process, while cleansed farmlands gave way to wheat production. From 1830 to 1848, the city erected walls to protect itself from foreign invasions . Montluc Fort saw life in 1831. La Part-Dieu, thus becoming
1551-634: The military compound took on the orthogonal footprint of the original farm estate. Many cavalry units were mobilized during World War I . At the beginning of the 20th century, Édouard Herriot was elected Mayor of Lyon, a dominating French city outside of Paris, thanks to its dynamic industrial and commercial output. Inspired by the French hygiéniste urbanist movement, similar to Haussmann's renovation of Paris , he undertook major works to improve urban and social space. The eastward urban expansion of rail and road networks turned La Part-Dieu marshalling yards into
1598-636: The railway and is mostly made up of high-rise and low-rise architecture. According to La Part-Dieu SPL area, this 3rd arrondissement district is roughly limited by Garibaldi street to the West ( Rhône Docks and Place Guichard district), Juliette Récamier to the North ( Brotteaux district), Maurice Flandin to the East (La Villette district) and the former La Buire automotive plants to the South (ZAC de La Buire). The original project
1645-474: The same roof and perpetuate local traditions of Lyon, the gastronomical capital of France. In 1859, the city inaugurated its first indoor food market with a 19th Century glass and cast-iron architecture in Cordeliers, easing the lives of merchants and consumers, and then decided to innovate the architectural design in the future La Part-Dieu district. Thus in 1971 the new covered market opened. Three decades later,
1692-501: The station retains many of its original features: It is the terminus of Lyon services to and from Paris on the high-speed LGV Sud-Est railway line. It is also served by conventional trains from other parts of France, and is a terminus of Line A of the Lyon Metro . It is also served by Lyon tramway lines T1 and T2 . Today, Perrache is no longer the primary rail station serving Lyon. Instead, Lyon-Part-Dieu station , constructed in
1739-401: The station was opening. The building was built in classical style and is composed of a double rooftop and a large passenger building. The station lost its view of the city when an intermodal terminal (combining local public transit and intercity buses) and dual-carriageway highway were built in front of it in the 1970s. Although much modern building has somewhat tarnished the look of the area,
1786-511: The terracotta cladding made up of pozzolanic sands, imitating the reddish Lyon tiles, and also through the main volume echoing with the Rose Tower traboule in the Vieux Lyon quarter from French Renaissance . Tour Oxygène is a 117-meter tall high-rise crowned by a leaf resonating with the district's tradition of crowning high-rises, such as Tour Part-Dieu . Its base serves as an extension and as
1833-569: The train station. La Part-Dieu's expansion slowed down during the 1990s because of a strong momentum of urban development all over the agglomeration, regarding the Confluence district, the Cité Internationale , Gerland and La Doua Campus. The City Council drove efforts to minimize car travel and to encourage public transit within city limits. It also wished to establish a proper European business district doubling its office supply by densifying
1880-562: Was based on La Défense urban planning model. La Rize river used to run through Part-Dieu but was buried in a sewage system. Nowadays, urban planners aim at preventing urban heat island effects thanks to green spaces. For example, Garibaldi street, once a main urban highway, has been revamped as a part of a green path going from Tête d’Or Park to Sergent Blandan and Gerland Park . La Part-Dieu also offers several plazas (Nelson Mandela, Europe, Du lac, Voltaire and Francfort), several gardens (Jugan, Jacob-Kaplan and Sainte-Marie-Perrin) and
1927-623: Was constructed between 1929 and 1936 in Art Deco style by Charles Meysson, chief architect of Lyon. The building facade is covered by a large mosaic from 1934, by the hand of 35 mosaists, according to a work from painter Fernand Fargeot, representing "the city embellished by labour" hence its name "Labour Exchange" or "Bourse du Travail". Interiors are covered by plaster and painted murals inspired by socialist realism . Lyon-Perrache station Lyon-Perrache or simply Perrache ( French : Gare de Lyon-Perrache , [ɡaʁ də ljɔ̃ pɛʁaʃ] )
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1974-770: Was created back in 2014 and is governed by a board of administrators, chaired by David Kimelfed, head of Lyon Metropolis. 20 people work on urban, economic, human and resources related problems. They manage, control, promote and coordinate the La Part-Dieu project. Lyon Metropolis is headquartered in La Part-Dieu district, in a Brutalist architecture building from the 1970s, on Garibaldi street. It concentrates hundreds of civil workers and local figures hold regular meetings there. Other authority figures include Police Headquarters inside Fort Montluc since 2007 and SYTRAL Mobilités [ fr ] headquarters (Lyon transportation authority ). Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, with
2021-578: Was designed by Valode & Pistre and AIA architects. The spire reaches 202 meters and was installed by helicopter . Around 2,700 employees work on 32 floors and share the same corporate restaurant. On the top of that, Tour Incity was the first tower in Lyon to obtain the low energy-consumption label, along with HQE and BREEAM Excellent labels. It was completed in 2016 and currently hosts regional Caisse d'Épargne bank headquarters and several SNCF branches. Completed in 1977, this 164 meters tall building
2068-453: Was designed by US-based architecture firm Cossutta & Associates for the main structure and by Stéphane du Château for its pyramid crown. Mainly occupied by office space, it also hosts a four-star Radisson Blu Hotel at the top. Originally named Crédit Lyonnais, it is now called Tour Part-Dieu , but is best known by its nickname, le Crayon or the Pencil. Its postmodern style is showing through
2115-414: Was limited by traverse axes and the fact that Lafayette street was the only road connecting La Part-Dieu with Central Lyon . The district was added to Lyon administrative area in 1852. To link the city with Geneva, Gare des Brotteaux was designed by the Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée company, which led to the dismantling of wall fortifications to make way for railway lines. Meanwhile,
2162-517: Was named after the famed Lyon musician and was drawn by architect Henri Pottier, assistant of urbanist Charles Delfante. Even though the new auditorium offered a great Roman theatre design, it lacked a decent acoustic one. However, several renovations fixed the sound issue. It currently hosts the Orchestre National de Lyon and a substantial organ from the former Trocadéro Palace for the 1878 Exposition Universelle . Bourse du Travail theatre
2209-453: Was planned but the SNCF refused to fund it, a move which hindered the purpose of the directional center. Lyon had to become the "Balancing Metropolis", relying on regional cities like Grenoble or Saint Etienne , that fought the impoverishment and depopulation of urban centers, owing to a network of highways passing through La Part-Dieu. The original plan included major east–west and north–south green axes, pedestrian-friendly spaces such as
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