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28-400: Batters will not be charged an at bat if their plate appearances end under the following circumstances: In addition, if the inning ends during at bat (due to the third out being made by a runner caught stealing , for example), no at bat or plate appearance will result. An at bat is a specific type of plate appearance in which the batter puts the ball in play intending to get on base. This

56-409: A pitcher is in a game is measured by the innings pitched statistic. In US English , baseball terminology is sometimes found in non-sports usage in a tense situation: "it's the bottom of the ninth [inning]" (sometimes adding, "with two outs"), meaning "there isn't much time to turn things around here". Road (sports) A road game or away game is a sports game where the specified team

84-682: A cordon of police officers and stadium officials. The reason of this arrangement is to prevent conflicts between fans in rival teams, which is a real concern in European association football leagues due to football hooliganism . However, semi-professional leagues, supporters may be free to mix. When games are played at a neutral site, for instance the FA Cup final in England which is always played at Wembley Stadium , both teams' fans will be allotted an even number of tickets, resulting in each team occupying one half of

112-425: A player: (A) hits a sacrifice bunt or sacrifice fly; (B) is awarded first base on four called balls; (C) is hit by a pitched ball; or (D) is awarded first base because of interference or obstruction[.]" An at bat is counted when: Pete Rose had 14,053 career at bats, the all-time major league and National League record. The American League record is held by Carl Yastrzemski , whose 11,988 career at bats were all in

140-452: A road game or an away game for that team. The venue in which the game is played is described as the visiting stadium or the road . The host team is said to be the home team. The home team is often thought to have a home advantage over the visiting team, because of their familiarity with the environment, their shorter travel times, and the influence that a parochial crowd may have over an official's decisions. A home team advantage that

168-414: A single season is 5,781 by the 1997 Boston Red Sox . "At bat", "up", "up at bat", and "at the plate" are all phrases describing a batter who is facing the pitcher. Just because a player is described as being "at bat" in this sense, he will not necessarily be given an at bat in his statistics; the phrase actually signifies a plate appearance (assuming it is eventually completed). This ambiguous terminology

196-549: A team is not the host, it must travel to games (usually by bus or car, hence "road"). Teams take planes for longer journeys and often stay overnight in hotels if same-day return trips are unfeasible, due to geographical spread of the league's other teams (even intra-divisional rival teams may be quite distant from the away team's home city). Professional teams commonly use charter flights or even privately-owned aircraft, since travel arrangements are often hectic, especially if back-to-back games involve an away game. For some teams that are

224-404: Is ahead by a minimum of ten runs, or as part of a doubleheader. Little League games are scheduled for six innings and may be shortened further (auto-forfeit) if a team has an overwhelming scoring lead. Ending a half-inning is referred to as "retiring the side". A half-inning in which all batters are put out without taking a base is referred to as a "one-two-three inning". The number of innings

252-521: Is located in the same metropolitan area. In such cases the road team can practice at its own venue, while its players can stay in their in-season homes. These matches often become local derbies . A few times a year, a road team may even be lucky enough to have the road game played at their own home stadium or arena. This is prevalent in college athletics where many schools will often play in regional leagues or groundshare . The related term true road game has seen increasing use in U.S. college sports in

280-403: Is not the host and must travel to another venue. Most professional teams represent cities or towns and amateur sports teams often represent academic institutions. Each team has a location where it practices during the season and where it hosts games. Thus, when a team is not hosting a game, the team is described as the road team, the visiting team, or the away team, and the game is described as

308-408: Is unique to baseball is familiarity with the home ballpark 's outfield dimensions and height of the outfield wall, as well as the size of foul territory and location of in-play obstacles (e.g., a bullpen on the playing field). Major sporting events, if not held at a neutral venue, are often over several legs at each team's home ground, so that neither team has an advantage over the other. When

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336-422: Is usually clarified by context. To refer explicitly to a statistical "at bat", the term "official at bat" is sometimes used. Official Baseball Rule 5.06(c) provides that "[a] batter has legally completed his time at bat when he is put out or becomes a runner" (emphasis added). The "time at bat" defined in this rule is more commonly referred to as a plate appearance , and the playing rules (Rules 1 through 8) uses

364-420: Is why at bats, and not plate appearances, are used to calculate batting average, as plate appearances in general can result in many outcomes that do not involve putting the ball in play, and batting average specifically measures a batter's contact hitting. Rule 9.02(a)(1) of the official rules of Major League Baseball defines an at bat as: "Number of times batted, except that no time at bat shall be charged when

392-452: The "bottom" (second half). In each half, one team bats until three outs are made, with the other team playing defense. A full baseball game is typically scheduled for nine innings, while softball games consist of seven innings, although this may be shortened due to weather, or extended if the score is tied at the end of the scheduled innings. The use of the term inning in baseball and softball contrasts with cricket and rounders , in which

420-468: The 21st century, especially in basketball . While regular-season tournaments and other special events have been part of college sports from their creation, the 21st century has seen a proliferation of such events. These are typically held at neutral sites, with some of them taking place outside the contiguous U.S. (as in the case of the Great Alaska Shootout and Maui Invitational ) or even outside

448-475: The AL. The single season record is held by Jimmy Rollins , who had 716 at bats in 2007. Willie Wilson , Ichiro Suzuki and Juan Samuel also had more than 700 at bats in a season. 14 players share the single game record of 11 at bats in a single game, all of which were extra inning games. In games of 9 innings or fewer, the record is 7 at bats and has occurred more than 200 times. The team record for most at bats in

476-485: The Three-Batter Minimum: "[t]o qualify as one of three consecutive batters, the batter must complete his plate appearance, which ends only when the batter is put out or becomes a runner." The term is not elsewhere defined in the rulebook. Inning (baseball) In baseball , softball , and similar games , an inning is the basic unit of play, consisting of two halves or frames , the "top" (first half) and

504-422: The case of the ninth inning, a home team which scores to take a lead in any extra inning automatically wins, and the inning (and the game) is considered complete at that moment regardless of the number of outs. This is commonly referred to as a " walk-off " situation since the last play results in the teams walking off the field because the game is over. However, road teams cannot earn a "walk-off" victory by scoring

532-557: The country entirely (such as the Battle 4 Atlantis in The Bahamas). In turn, this has led to the use of "true road game" to refer to contests played at one team's home venue. In some association football leagues, particularly in Europe, the away team's fans sit in their own section. Depending on the team's stadium, they will either sit in a designated section or be separated from the home fans by

560-442: The designated away team for several consecutive contests due to league scheduling, they embark upon extended road trips that may often be nearly two weeks away from their home. Players may occasionally have off-days during their long road trips to relax or see the sights in cities that they visit. Historically, the longest road trip in sports (in terms of time taken, which may never be eclipsed due to modern means of travel by air)

588-407: The game to continue. If so, the game will simply be delayed until the rain stops, and then play will resume. If not, the umpires will announce a rainout and play will be suspended for the day. The game may have to be replayed in its entirety at a later date, but under certain circumstances, a game shortened because of rain can count as an official game, and the team that was ahead at the time the game

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616-421: The go-ahead run in extra innings, unlike in ice hockey where the team (either home or away) scoring first in overtime automatically wins. A baseball game can be shorter than scheduled innings if it is interrupted by rain (or other bad weather). Such a game is said to be rained out , and is often preceded by a rain delay, a pause in the game during which the umpires will try to determine if the weather will allow

644-524: The phrase "time at bat" in this sense. In contrast, the scoring rules use the phrase "time at bat" to refer to the statistic at bat , defined in Rule 9.02(a)(1), but sometimes uses the phrase "official time at bat" or refers back to Rule 9.02(a)(1) when mentioning the statistic. The phrase "plate appearance" is used in Rules 9.22 and 9.23 dealing with batting titles and hitting streaks, and in Rule 5.10(g) comment regarding

672-523: The score is tied after the final scheduled inning, the game goes into extra innings until an inning ends with one team ahead of the other. In Japanese baseball , however, games end if tied after twelve innings (or, in postseason play in Nippon Professional Baseball , fifteen innings). For the 2011 and 2012 NPB season, a game also ended in a tie if a regular-season game has reached its 3-hour, 30-minute time limit, and both teams are tied. As in

700-463: The term is innings in both singular and plural. Each half-inning formally starts when the umpire calls "Play" or "Play ball". A full inning consists of six outs, three for each team, and, in Major League Baseball and most other adult leagues, a regulation game consists of nine innings. The visiting team bats in the first half-inning, the top of the inning, derived from the position of

728-414: The visiting team at the top line of a baseball line score . The home team 's half of an inning is the bottom of the inning, and the break between halves of an inning is the middle of the inning. If the home team is leading after the top half of the final scheduled inning, or scores to take the lead in the bottom of the final scheduled inning, the game immediately ends in a home victory. In most leagues, if

756-551: Was called will be awarded the win. Professional baseball games as well as college baseball games are scheduled for nine innings. Softball games and high school baseball games are scheduled for seven innings, as are some minor league baseball doubleheaders. Major League doubleheaders comprised scheduled seven inning games during the 2020 and 2021 seasons due to the COVID pandemic, but returned to nine innings in 2022. College games may be shortened to seven innings if one team's score

784-611: Was made by the Dawson City Nuggets who embarked upon the 4,000 mile (6,400 km) journey to Ottawa over several weeks, travelling by dog sled, bicycle, foot, train, and ship. The exhausted Nuggets players were handily defeated by the Ottawa Hockey Club in the best-of-three series of the Stanley Cup challenge. Occasionally, the road team may not have to travel very far at all to a road game, if their upcoming rival team venue

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