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20-606: Arthur Kill Road is named for the waterway to its west, the Arthur Kill , which separates Staten Island from Union County and Middlesex County , New Jersey . It was known by other names in the 19th century, including Fresh Kills Road, Shore Road and Riverside Avenue. Landmarks include the Blazing Star Burial Ground, the Arthur Kill Correctional Facility , the unused LNG tanks east of Chemical Lane,

40-596: A border for Fresh Kills Landfill and Freshkills Park . Arthur Kill is an abandoned river channel carved by an ancestral phase of the Hudson River resulting from the blockage of the main channel of the Hudson at the Narrows by moraine or an ice dam . The size of Arthur Kill channel is large, suggesting that it was, for a time, the primary drainage from the region. However, it could not have been primary drainage for long because

60-560: Is an extremely complex system of tides and currents. Both the Bight and the Sound are essentially marine bodies with tides and saltwater , but the Sound compared to the Atlantic is about 20–30% less saline (as an estuary), and the tide is about 3 hours later with as much as 70% more variation. Rivers add a fresher , non-tidal inflow although the tide and brackishness extend well up rivers throughout

80-754: Is the location of the Staten Island boat graveyard . The Arthur Kill Terminal is a proposed offshore wind port . Arthur Kill is spanned by the Goethals Bridge and the Outerbridge Crossing , as well as by the Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge , a railroad bridge and the largest bridge of its type in the United States. For many years the Kill was traversed by a ferry between Tottenville and

100-700: The Hudson-Raritan Estuary , is in the northeastern states of New Jersey and New York on the East Coast of the United States . The system of waterways of the Port of New York and New Jersey forms one of the most intricate natural harbors in the world and one of the busiest ports of the United States . The harbor opens onto the New York Bight in the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast and Long Island Sound to

120-623: The Kreischer House as well as the Outerbridge Crossing which Arthur Kill Road passes underneath. Local service is provided by the following: Express service is provided by the following: Train service is provided by the following: The entire route is in the New York City borough of Staten Island .  40°33′21.16″N 74°12′8″W  /  40.5558778°N 74.20222°W  / 40.5558778; -74.20222 Arthur Kill The Arthur Kill (sometimes referred to as

140-599: The Perth Amboy Ferry Slip . Another ferry ran from the tip of Victory Boulevard in Travis to Carteret. Re-introduction ferry service between Carteret's Waterfront Park and Midtown Manhattan via Arthur Kill and Kill van Kull is planned. As of 2021, funding for the construction of a landing dock and purchase of a boat was in place. The Arthur Kill was a critical dividing line during the American Revolution , with

160-650: The Staten Island Sound ) is a tidal strait in the New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary between Staten Island (also known as Richmond County), New York and Union and Middlesex counties, New Jersey . It is a major navigational channel of the Port of New York and New Jersey . The name Arthur Kill is an anglicization of the Dutch achter kill meaning back channel , which would refer to its location "behind" Staten Island and has its roots in

180-562: The 1990s, crabs, baitfish, striped bass and bluefish have returned to this water. Arthur Kill contains two small uninhabited islands, Prall's Island and the Isle of Meadows , both of which are part of the borough of Staten Island. John's Cove is located near its northern end in New Jersey. On the New Jersey side, the Elizabeth River , Rahway River , Morses Creek Piles Creek flow into

200-741: The British holding Staten Island for the duration of the conflict while New Jersey remained largely in Continental hands. Numerous skirmishes, including the Battle of Staten Island , spanned the Arthur Kill. The Pilgrim Pipeline , to pipe crude oil, kerosene, and diesel fuel through New York and New Jersey was proposed to terminate at the Linden side of the kill. Geography of New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary The New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary , also known as

220-447: The Kill is being deepened to a depth of 50 feet (15 m) to accommodate larger ships and allow for their passage while carrying full loads. A heavily used marine channel, it provides access for ocean-going tankers to industrial facilities along the channel itself. The Howland Hook Marine Terminal is located at its mouth at Newark Bay. It provided the primary marine access to the now-closed Fresh Kills Landfill on Staten Island and

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240-1370: The USACE released the New York New Jersey Harbor and Tributaries Study (HATS). The lists below includes features of the Port of New York and New Jersey with a waterborne emphasis, starting with natural features. Where possible the list proceeds from the Lower Bay entrance approximately clockwise around the Harbor. The alternative sorting is by jurisdiction. Official references are the NOAA Coastal pilot, NOAA nautical charts , and USGS topographic maps. Many jurisdictional issues appear in U.S. law. Bi-state New Jersey New York Inter-state New York New York Bay East River Long Island Sound Bronx County Kings County Jamaica Bay islands New York County Upper Bay islands East River islands Queens County Jamaica Bay islands Richmond County Westchester County New Jersey New York Lower Bay Upper Bay East River Lower Bay Raritan Bay Jamaica Bay Arthur Kill Newark Bay Kill van Kull Upper Bay Hudson River East River One of

260-521: The early 17th century during the Dutch colonial era when the region was part of New Netherland . Placenaming by early explorers and settlers during the era often referred to a location in reference to other places, its shape, its topography, and other geographic qualities. Kill comes from the Middle Dutch word kille , meaning riverbed , water channel , or stream . The area around the Newark Bay

280-575: The extended hydrologic system from Albany to Montauk Point to the Hudson Canyon region of the New York Bight. The New York Harbor Observing and Prediction System (NYHOPS) utilizes information from sensors, weather forecasts, and environment models to provide real-time forecasts of meteorological and oceanographic conditions in the area. Since the Ash Wednesday Storm of 1962 beaches along

300-650: The kill. The Passaic River and Hackensack River mouth at Newark Bay. On the Staten Island side, Old Place Creek, Fresh Kills (an estuary fed by the Richmond Creek and Main Creek), Bridge Creek (off Goethal Pond), and Sawmill Creek flow into the estuary. The channel is dredged periodically to a depth of 35 to 37 feet (10.7 to 11.3 m) and a width of 600 feet (180 m) to maintain its usefulness for commercial ship passage. As part of its Harboring Deepening Project,

320-478: The northeast. Although the overall form of the estuary remains unchanged from the time of Giovanni da Verrazzano 's visit in 1524, all parts have changed at least a little, and some parts, such as Hell Gate and Ellis Island , have been almost completely altered. In the greatest hidden change, the navigational channels have been deepened from the natural 17 feet (5.2 m) depth to 45 feet (14 m). In some places this required blasting of bedrock . There

340-511: The pass or ridge . The channel is approximately 10 miles (16 km) long and connects Raritan Bay on its south end with Newark Bay on the north. Along the New Jersey side it is primarily lined with industrial sites, part of which is called the Chemical Coast . The Staten Island side is primarily lined with salt marshes and is home to the Staten Island boat graveyard . It creates

360-539: The river did not have enough time to carve a broad flood plain. Because of the complex nature of the tides in New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary near the mouth of the Hudson River , the hydrology of Arthur Kill is still an open subject. In particular, the net flow of the channel is not well established. It was heavily polluted in the 1960s and 1970s, with few fish species able to live in it. Since

380-608: The shores of the East Coast have been regularly replenished with sand pumped in from off-shore. The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) coordinates the projects. In 2016, USACE and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey produced a comprehensive restoration plan for the New York Harbor region, with proposals to mitigate the effects of sea level rise through projects to restore natural areas. In September

400-552: Was called Achter Kol . During the British colonial era the bay was known as Cull bay . The bay lies behind Bergen Hill , the emerging ridge of the Hudson Palisades which begins on Bergen Neck , the peninsula between it and the Upper New York Bay . The sister channel of Arthur Kill, Kill van Kull , refers to the waterway that flows from the col or ridge or passage to the interior and translates as channel from

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