Art Academy is a series of edutainment video games beginning in 2009 with Art Academy . Its most recent release was Disney Art Academy . One of Nintendo's franchises, the series has been released on Nintendo DS , Nintendo 3DS and Wii U .
76-565: The games in the series are training simulations that teach players to draw. Art Academy , also known as Art Academy: Learn painting and drawing techniques with step-by-step training in the PAL regions and Artistic Taste Classroom DS in Japan, is an art training software for the Nintendo DS handheld game console . It was developed by Headstrong Games , and published by Nintendo . Art Academy
152-410: A 6 MHz channel with a chrominance subcarrier frequency of 3.582056 MHz (917/4*H) similar to NTSC (910/4*H). On the studio production level, standard PAL cameras and equipment were used, with video signals then transcoded to PAL-N for broadcast. This allows 625 line, 50 frames per second video to be broadcast in a 6 MHz channel, at some cost in horizontal resolution . In Brazil, PAL
228-584: A European signal. The BBC tested their pre-war (but still broadcast until 1985) 405-line monochrome system ( CCIR System A ) with all three colour standards including PAL, before the decision was made to abandon 405 and transmit colour on 625/ System I only. Many countries have turned off analogue transmissions, so the following does not apply anymore, except for using devices which output RF signals, such as video recorders . The majority of countries using or having used PAL have television standards with 625 lines and 50 fields per second. Differences concern
304-865: A PAL-N TV broadcast can be sent to anyone in European countries that use PAL (and Australia/New Zealand, etc.) and it will display in colour. This will also play back successfully in Russia and other SECAM countries, as the USSR mandated PAL compatibility in 1985—this has proved to be very convenient for video collectors. People in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay usually own TV sets that also display NTSC-M, in addition to PAL-N. DirecTV also conveniently broadcasts in NTSC-M for North, Central, and South America. Most DVD players sold in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay also play PAL discs—however, this
380-439: A PALplus signal by scaling an anamorphic 16:9 picture with 576 lines down to 432 lines, so that the picture appears letterboxed on a regular PAL TV set. For luminance , the scaling is done using a pair of matching low-pass and high-pass filters , with the low-pass result being the regular PAL compatible letterbox broadcast. One out of every 4 lines of the high-pass result is hidden in the remaining 144 black letterbox lines at
456-423: A comb-like effect known as Hanover bars on larger phase errors. Thus, most receivers now use a chrominance analogue delay line , which stores the received colour information on each line of display; an average of the colour information from the previous line and the current line is then used to drive the picture tube . The effect is that phase errors result in saturation changes, which are less objectionable than
532-528: A delay line and suffering from the “ Hannover bars ” effect. An example of this solution is the Kuba Porta Color CK211P set. Another solution was to use a 1H analogue delay line to allow decoding of only the odd or even lines. For example, the chrominance on odd lines would be switched directly through to the decoder and also be stored in the delay line. Then, on even lines, the stored odd line would be decoded again. This method (known as 'gated NTSC')
608-469: A digital SDTV image) when used on digital transmissions without any decoding. With the end of analog broadcasts by 2012, the system became officially obsolete. In Spain , the system was used by the public broadcaster RTVE. The Catalan public television, TV3 , trialed the PALplus format in 1994, with a weekly broadcast of a film in this format. Other public regional stations (like Galicia's CRTVG ) tested
684-470: A quasi-unique positive video modulation, system L) unless they are manufactured for the French market. They will correctly display plain (non-broadcast) CVBS or S-video SECAM signals. Many can also accept baseband NTSC-M, such as from a VCR or game console, and RF modulated NTSC with a PAL standard audio subcarrier (i.e., from a modulator), though not usually broadcast NTSC (as its 4.5 MHz audio subcarrier
760-454: A regular basis in nine European countries, which made PALplus the mostly used standard for widescreen transmissions in Europe at that time. Evaluations, performed by ITU and EBU engineers in 1995-1998 concluded that the use of down-converted HDTV source material, as well as high-quality widescreen standard definition content, could be a significant benefit to the PALplus picture quality. Moreover,
836-658: A typical bandwidth of 1.3 MHz. Composite PAL signal = E ′ Y + E ′ U sin ( ω t ) + E ′ V cos ( ω t ) + {\displaystyle =E'{\scriptstyle {\text{Y}}}+E'{\scriptstyle {\text{U}}}\sin(\omega t)+E'{\scriptstyle {\text{V}}}\cos(\omega t)+} timing where ω = 2 π F S C {\displaystyle \omega =2\pi F_{SC}} . Subcarrier frequency F S C {\displaystyle F_{SC}}
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#1732852745276912-462: Is 100% for white level, 30% for black, and 0% for sync. The CVBS electrical amplitude is Vpp 1.0 V and impedance of 75 Ω . The vertical timings are: (Total vertical sync time 1.6 ms) As PAL is interlaced, every two fields are summed to make a complete picture frame. PAL colorimetry, as defined by the ITU on REC-BT.470, and based on CIE 1931 x,y coordinates: The assumed display gamma
988-426: Is 4.43361875 MHz for PAL 4.43, compared to 3.579545 MHz for NTSC 3.58. The SECAM system, on the other hand, uses a frequency modulation scheme on its two line alternate colour subcarriers 4.25000 and 4.40625 MHz. The name "Phase Alternating Line" describes the way that the phase of part of the colour information on the video signal is reversed with each line, which automatically corrects phase errors in
1064-441: Is 4.43361875 MHz (±5 Hz) for PAL-B/D/G/H/I/N. The PAL colour system is usually used with a video format that has 625 lines per frame (576 visible lines, the rest being used for other information such as sync data and captioning) and a refresh rate of 50 interlaced fields per second (compatible with 25 full frames per second), such systems being B , G , H , I , and N (see broadcast television systems for
1140-529: Is an analogue television broadcasting system aimed to improve and enhance the PAL format by allowing 16:9 (or 1.77:1) aspect ratio broadcasts, while remaining compatible with existing television receivers, defined by International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendation BT.1197-1. Introduced in 1993, it followed experiences with the HD-MAC (high definition) and D2-MAC , hybrid analogue-digital widescreen formats that were incompatible with PAL receivers. It
1216-949: Is defined as 2.8. The PAL-M system uses color primary and gamma values similar to NTSC. Color is encoded using the YUV color space. Luma ( E ′ Y {\displaystyle E'{\scriptstyle {\text{Y}}}} ) is derived from red, green, and blue ( E ′ R , E ′ G , E ′ B {\displaystyle E'{\scriptstyle {\text{R}}},E'{\scriptstyle {\text{G}}},E'{\scriptstyle {\text{B}}}} ) gamma pre-corrected ( E ′ {\displaystyle E'} ) primary signals: E ′ U {\displaystyle E'{\scriptstyle {\text{U}}}} and E ′ V {\displaystyle E'{\scriptstyle {\text{V}}}} are used to transmit chrominance . Each has
1292-417: Is low enough to be recorded on VHS and allow the receiver to switch to the proper format. The standard permits using the mark "PALplus" if the vertical helper reconstruction is implemented, with Colour-plus being optional. Some PALPlus compatible sets: PALPlus set top decoders: Most widescreen sets without any PALplus processing will switch the display format automatically between 4:3 and 16:9, based on
1368-473: Is not supported). Many sets also support NTSC with a 4.43 MHz color subcarrier (see PAL 60 on the next section). VHS tapes recorded from a PAL-N or a PAL-B/G, D/K, H, or I broadcast are indistinguishable because the downconverted subcarrier on the tape is the same. A VHS recorded off TV (or released) in Europe will play in colour on any PAL-N VCR and PAL-N TV in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. Likewise, any tape recorded in Argentina, Paraguay or Uruguay off
1444-516: Is often known as "PAL 60" (sometimes "PAL 60/525", "Quasi-PAL" or "Pseudo PAL"). PAL-M (a broadcast standard) however should not be confused with "PAL 60" (a video playback system—see below). PAL television receivers manufactured since the 1990s can typically decode all of the PAL variants except, in some cases PAL-M and PAL-N. Many such receivers can also receive Eastern European and Middle Eastern SECAM, though rarely French-broadcast SECAM (because France used
1520-506: Is only used on UHF. Although System I is used on both bands, it has only been used on UHF in the United Kingdom. The PAL-L (Phase Alternating Line with CCIR System L broadcast system) standard uses the same video system as PAL-B/G/H (625 lines, 50 Hz field rate, 15.625 kHz line rate), but with a larger 6 MHz video bandwidth rather than 5.5 MHz and moving the audio subcarrier to 6.5 MHz. An 8 MHz channel spacing
1596-548: Is performed on a per- frame basis, while in "Camera mode" ( interlaced ) the operation is performed per- field . The PAL colour carrier is modulated making use of correlation between 2 fields, in order to give a cleaner luminance/ chrominance separation in the PALplus receiver. It is used with signals with high horizontal luminance frequencies (3 MHz) that share the spectrum with the chrominance signals. Colour pictures on both standard and PALplus receivers are enhanced. For progressive "Film mode" material, "Fixed" Colour-Plus
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#17328527452761672-486: Is used for PAL-L, to maintain compatibility with System L channel spacings. The PAL-N standard was created in Argentina , through Resolution No. 100 ME/76, which determined the creation of a study commission for a national color standard. The commission recommended using PAL under CCIR System N that Paraguay and Uruguay also used. It employs the 625 line/50 field per second waveform of PAL-B/G, D/K, H, and I, but on
1748-537: Is used in conjunction with the 525 line, 60 field/s CCIR System M , using (very nearly) the NTSC colour subcarrier frequency. Exact colour subcarrier frequency of PAL-M is 3.575611 MHz, or 227.25 times System M's horizontal scan frequency. Almost all other countries using system M use NTSC. The PAL colour system (either baseband or with any RF system, with the normal 4.43 MHz subcarrier unlike PAL-M) can also be applied to an NTSC-like 525-line picture to form what
1824-425: Is used, as there is no motion between the image fields. For camera based images, "Motion Adaptive Color-Plus" (MACP) is used based on movement. A special WSS signal tells the receiver whether 4:3/16:9/PALplus is in use, and also whether the original content was interlaced ("Camera mode") or progressive scanned ("Film mode"). An additional signal can enable a " Ghost Cancellation" feature. The bandwidth of these bits
1900-495: Is usually output in the European variant (colour subcarrier frequency 4.433618 MHz), so people who own a TV set which only works in PAL-N (plus NTSC-M in most cases) will have to watch those PAL DVD imports in black and white (unless the TV supports RGB SCART ) as the colour subcarrier frequency in the TV set is the PAL-N variation, 3.582056 MHz. PALplus PALplus (or PAL+ )
1976-402: The 625-line /50 Hz television system in general, to differentiate from the 525-line /60 Hz system generally used with NTSC. For example, DVDs were labelled as PAL or NTSC (referring to the line count and frame rate) even though technically the discs carry neither PAL nor NTSC encoded signal. These devices would still have analog outputs (ex; composite video output), and would convert
2052-783: The Compagnie Générale de Télévision where Henri de France developed SECAM, the first European Standard for colour television. Thomson, now called Technicolour SA, also owns the RCA brand and licences it to other companies; Radio Corporation of America , the originator of that brand, created the NTSC colour TV standard before Thomson became involved. The Soviets developed two further systems, mixing concepts from PAL and SECAM, known as TRIPAL and NIIR, that never went beyond tests. In 1993, an evolution of PAL aimed to improve and enhance format by allowing 16:9 aspect ratio broadcasts, while remaining compatible with existing television receivers,
2128-681: The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch" the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage" ). The first broadcasts began in the United Kingdom in July 1967, followed by West Germany at the Berlin IFA on August 25. The BBC channel initially using
2204-562: The Kell factor is ignored. A special signal tells the receiver when PALplus is in use, and also whether the original content was interlaced ("Camera mode" or 50i) or progressive scanned ("Film mode" or 25p) - see List of broadcast video formats . An additional signal can enable a " Ghost Cancellation" feature. A separate feature related to PALplus is ColourPlus , which improves colour decoding performance. The PALplus standard comprises three extensions to standard PAL: A broadcaster creates
2280-553: The Nintendo 3DS handheld game console . It is a spin-off of the Art Academy series centered on Disney and Pixar characters. The game was released in 2016 for North America in May, and for Europe and Australia in July. PAL region Phase Alternating Line ( PAL ) is a colour encoding system for analog television . It was one of three major analogue colour television standards,
2356-437: The Nintendo 3DS . It is a sequel to Art Academy for the Nintendo DS . This game is the first in the series to include DLC . Art Academy: SketchPad was a Wii U eShop app released in 2013 that allowed players to make more detailed drawings than would normally be allowed on Miiverse . It was planned to include drawing lessons as well. Art Academy: Home Studio , also known as Art Academy: Atelier in PAL regions,
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2432-426: The 16:9 format. Pay-per-view channels such as those on Sky often broadcast in 16:9, but use a different standard that requires another kind of decoder. In 2008, Germany began switching off analog television broadcast. In Greece , there were sporadic PALplus broadcasts on the national television ( E.R.T. - Hellenic Radio Television). Throughout the '90s several attempts from commercial broadcasters in adopting
2508-822: The PALplus system: In Belgium , the Flemish public broadcasting service VRT had a policy that all of its self-created TV programmes are broadcast in PALplus. The commercial TV station VTM used to broadcast a lot in PALplus. Even the third broadcasting organisation SBS Belgium with its stations VT4 and VijfTV used to broadcast in PALplus for all of their new productions. The Walloon public broadcasting service RTBF used to broadcast 16:9 programmes that it purchased in PALplus, but preferred creating their own programmes in 4:3. Walloon commercial TV station RTL-TVI used to broadcast almost all its shows in PALPlus. In 2010, Belgium switched off analog television broadcast. In Finland ,
2584-481: The alternating subcarrier phase to reduce phase errors, described as " PAL-D " for "delay", and " PAL-N " for "new" or " Chrominance Lock ". This excluded very basic PAL decoders that relied on the human eye to average out the odd/even line phase errors, and in the early 1970s some Japanese set manufacturers developed basic decoding systems to avoid paying royalties to Telefunken . These variations are known as " PAL-S " (for "simple" or "Volks-PAL"), operating without
2660-565: The analog colour system itself. In the 1950s, the Western European countries began plans to introduce colour television, and were faced with the problem that the NTSC standard demonstrated several weaknesses, including colour tone shifting under poor transmission conditions, which became a major issue considering Europe's geographical and weather-related particularities. To overcome NTSC's shortcomings, alternative standards were devised, resulting in
2736-399: The audio carrier frequency and channel bandwidths. The variants are: Systems B and G are similar. System B specifies 7 MHz channel bandwidth, while System G specifies 8 MHz channel bandwidth. Australia and China used Systems B and D respectively for VHF and UHF channels. Similarly, Systems D and K are similar except for the bands they use: System D is only used on VHF, while System K
2812-407: The black bars above and below the image to fully recover the 576 lines of vertical resolution. For compatibility reasons, the horizontal bandwidth remains at 5.0 MHz . This means that a PALplus signal provides no extra horizontal resolution to compensate for the image being stretched across a wider screen. The result is a horizontal resolution that is 73% of the vertical resolution, or 51% when
2888-451: The broadcast standard was BBC2 , which had been the first UK TV service to introduce "625-lines" during 1964. The Netherlands and Switzerland started PAL broadcasts by 1968, with Austria following the next year. Telefunken PALcolour 708T was the first PAL commercial TV set. It was followed by Loewe -Farbfernseher S 920 and F 900 . Telefunken was later bought by the French electronics manufacturer Thomson . Thomson also bought
2964-411: The colour carrier is a result of 283.75 colour clock cycles per line plus a 25 Hz offset to avoid interferences. Since the line frequency (number of lines per second) is 15625 Hz (625 lines × 50 Hz ÷ 2), the colour carrier frequency calculates as follows: 4.43361875 MHz = 283.75 × 15625 Hz + 25 Hz. The frequency 50 Hz is the optional refresh frequency of
3040-415: The colour decoder circuitry to distinguish the phase of the R − Y ′ {\displaystyle R-Y'} vector which reverses every line. For PAL-B/G the signal has these characteristics. (Total horizontal sync time 12.05 μs) After 0.9 μs a 2.25 ± 0.23 μs colourburst of 10 ± 1 cycles is sent. Most rise/fall times are in 250 ± 50 ns range. Amplitude
3116-456: The commercial broadcaster MTV3 started broadcasting the youth music program Jyrki in PALplus format on August 18, 1997. The experiment ended when the program ended some four years later. In 2007, Finland switched off analog television broadcast. In Germany, all public broadcasters ( ARD , ZDF, etc. ) complied with this standard. However, private broadcasters ( RTL , ProSieben , etc ) have shown no interest in either this standard or in
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3192-621: The consumer electronics manufacturers Grundig , Nokia , Philips and Thomson . Sony as well as the Spanish ( RTVE ) and Portuguese ( RTP ) broadcasters joined the group later on. At the Berlin IFA 1991, a first PALplus test transmission was demonstrated At the Berlin IFA 1993, the first experimental PALplus broadcasts began. In the same year, the European Union approved a plan to support
3268-595: The development of the PAL and SECAM standards. The goal was to provide a colour TV standard for the European picture frequency of 50 fields per second (50 hertz ), and finding a way to eliminate the problems with NTSC. PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany , with important input from Gerhard Mahler [ de ] . The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of
3344-508: The digital signals ( 576i or 480i ) to the analog standards to assure compatibility. CCIR 625/50 and EIA 525/60 are the proper names for these (line count and field rate) standards; PAL and NTSC on the other hand are methods of encoding colour information in the signal. "PAL-D", "PAL-N", "PAL-H" and "PAL-K" designations on this section describe PAL decoding methods and are unrelated to broadcast systems with similar names. The Telefunken licence covered any decoding method that relied on
3420-433: The equivalent hue changes of NTSC. A minor drawback is that the vertical colour resolution is poorer than the NTSC system's, but since the human eye also has a colour resolution that is much lower than its brightness resolution, this effect is not visible. In any case, NTSC, PAL, and SECAM all have chrominance bandwidth (horizontal colour detail) reduced greatly compared to the luma signal. The 4.43361875 MHz frequency of
3496-473: The experts felt that PALplus would not be out of place in an HDTV environment at viewing distances equal or farther to four heights of a television set. It was presumed that the standard method of display of a PALplus signal would be in 625-line interlaced (50 Hz) form, although other display formats (for example, 50 Hz progressive , 100 Hz interlace, or 100 Hz progressive) could be receiver options. The following countries and territories used
3572-407: The following manufacturers: Philips, Grundig, Thomson, Nokia and Sony. One of the four big Korean electronics manufacturers, Samsung , joined the PALplus consortium that year. VCR manufacturers associated with the PALplus consortium were expected to launch updated VHS and S-VHS home recorders soon. The cost increment compared to conventional PAL VCRs was expected to be small. PALplus was one of
3648-433: The format too, but after these trials the technology was dropped and 16:9 digital broadcasts were not introduced until 2007. In the United Kingdom, Channel 4 adopted the system to broadcast selected films after October 1994. Some programmes, including Fifteen to One and the omnibus edition of Brookside were also broadcast this way. BBC didn't adopt the system, opting instead for digital widescreen broadcasts. All of
3724-434: The highlights of the Berlin IFA 1995 edition. In January 1996, the PALplus board published the specifications of the standard in order to support the further dissemination of this standard for wide-screen transmissions. After German broadcasters started to broadcast some of their programmes using the format, the board ended its work by the end of that same year. At the beginning of 1998, PALplus programmes were broadcast on
3800-418: The introduction of MAC widescreen broadcasts. While not attempting to produce HDTV standards of quality, the new format was meant to improve PAL in the following areas: In the beginning, the task group consisted of the public broadcasting corporations of Germany ( ARD and ZDF ), Austria ( ORF ), Switzerland ( SRG ) and the United Kingdom ( BBC and UKIB , United Kingdom Independent Broadcasters) together with
3876-432: The monitor to be able to create an illusion of motion, while 625 lines means the vertical lines or resolution that the PAL system supports. The original colour carrier is required by the colour decoder to recreate the colour difference signals. Since the carrier is not transmitted with the video information it has to be generated locally in the receiver. In order that the phase of this locally generated signal can match
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#17328527452763952-400: The monochrome luma signal, with the three RGB colour channels mixed down onto two, U {\displaystyle U} and V {\displaystyle V} . Like NTSC, PAL uses a quadrature amplitude modulated subcarrier carrying the chrominance information added to the luma video signal to form a composite video baseband signal. The frequency of this subcarrier
4028-529: The monochrome image) are transmitted together as one signal. A latter evolution of the standard, PALplus , added support for widescreen broadcasts with no loss of vertical image resolution , while retaining compatibility with existing sets. Almost all of the countries using PAL are currently in the process of conversion , or have already converted transmission standards to DVB , ISDB or DTMB . The PAL designation continues to be used in some non-broadcast contexts, especially regarding console video games . PAL
4104-518: The name "PAL" might be used to refer to digital formats, even though they use completely different colour encoding systems. For instance, 576i (576 interlaced lines) digital video with colour encoded as YCbCr , intended to be backward compatible and easily displayed on legacy PAL devices, is usually mentioned as "PAL" (eg: "PAL DVD"). Likewise, video game consoles outputting a 50 Hz signal might be labeled as "PAL", as opposed to 60 Hz on NTSC machines. These designations should not be confused with
4180-487: The number of scanning lines compared to PAL. A transitional standard, D2-MAC was established. It had the same number of lines as PAL, but like HD-MAC it was designed for 16:9 widescreen content. In 1989, the PALplus strategy group was founded. The goal was to develop an enhanced system for terrestrial transmission compatible with PAL. European terrestrial broadcasters felt the need to better position themselves in order to compete with satellite and cable operators, in view of
4256-469: The others being NTSC and SECAM . In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines , 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B , D , G , H , I or K . The articles on analog broadcast television systems further describe frame rates , image resolution , and audio modulation. PAL video is composite video because luminance (luma, monochrome image) and chrominance (chroma, colour applied to
4332-580: The production and broadcast of 16:9 programs. In 1994, broadcasters began adopting the format. In the United Kingdom, Channel 4 starts to broadcast using the system in October. Nokia launched the first PALplus TV set in Germany. In 1995, the International Telecommunication Union publishes recommendation BT.1197-1, defining the PALplus system. Originally, the PALplus consortium included
4408-514: The same, resulting in the different sound carrier. Instead, other European countries have changed completely from SECAM-D/K to PAL-B/G. The PAL-N system has a different sound carrier, and also a different colour subcarrier, and decoding on incompatible PAL systems results in a black-and-white image without sound. The PAL-M system has a different sound carrier and a different colour subcarrier, and does not use 625 lines or 50 frames/second. This would result in no video or audio at all when viewing
4484-473: The six main broadcasters, BBC, ITV , Channel 4, Five , Sky and Virgin Media , now broadcast in digital. Analog television broadcast was switched off in the United Kingdom in 2012. A standard PAL receiver will display the 16:9 image in letterbox format with 432 active lines. This reproduces noticeably less detail than the 576 lines used for 4:3 broadcasts. A PALplus receiver can use extra information hidden in
4560-458: The standard behind. The public broadcaster RTP started using the format on December 5, 1997. The system was used to broadcast selected programs (about five programs each day) and some widescreen movies on analog terrestrial broadcasts. Cable distributors occasionally strip the signal of the WSS bits , rendering the system inoperative. Also, when Digital Terrestrial Television broadcasts started, there
4636-443: The system failed due to lack of popularity. As some of the repeaters of ERT's channels were fed via OTE (Greek public telecom provider) in uncompressed form over terrestrial links, and others via NOVA (Greece's only satellite platform) using MPEG encoding, Palplus wasn't available on all areas. The heavy MPEG encoding on NOVA degraded WSS signaling and the additional information embedded in PALplus, making it undecodable. It
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#17328527452764712-472: The system was discontinued with the end of terrestrial analogue broadcasts in November 2006. Analog broadcasts continued on cable operations, but PALplus wasn't used for down conversion on those services. In Poland , the only documented use of PALplus is by TV Polonia on December 31, 1996. In Portugal , the private broadcaster TVI began broadcasting movies in PALplus in 1994, but some years after it left
4788-542: The technical details of each format). This ensures video interoperability. However, as some of these standards ( B/G/H , I and D/K ) use different sound carriers (5.5 MHz, 6.0 MHz and 6.5 MHz respectively), it may result in a video image without audio when viewing a signal broadcast over the air or cable. Some countries in Eastern Europe which formerly used SECAM with systems D and K have switched to PAL while leaving other aspects of their video system
4864-469: The top and bottom of the picture, using the U colour subcarrier . The filtering is such that this is enough to restore the complete 576 line resolution. The use of the colour subcarrier means these signals appear as very dark blue and yellow patterns on black bars on a regular 4:3 PAL TV set. The 16:9 PAL-plus receiver combines 432 normally visible lines plus 144 helper lines, restoring the original 576 lines. In "Film mode" (progressive scan), this operation
4940-405: The transmission of the signal by cancelling them out, at the expense of vertical frame colour resolution. Lines where the colour phase is reversed compared to NTSC are often called PAL or phase-alternation lines, which justifies one of the expansions of the acronym, while the other lines are called NTSC lines. Early PAL receivers relied on the human eye to do that cancelling; however, this resulted in
5016-412: The transmitted information, a 10 cycle burst of colour subcarrier is added to the video signal shortly after the line sync pulse, but before the picture information, during the so-called back porch . This colour burst is not actually in phase with the original colour subcarrier, but leads it by 45 degrees on the odd lines and lags it by 45 degrees on the even lines. This swinging burst enables
5092-484: Was adopted by Sony on their 1970s Trinitron sets ( KV-1300UB to KV-1330UB ), and came in two versions: " PAL-H " and " PAL-K " (averaging over multiple lines). It effectively treated PAL as NTSC, suffering from hue errors and other problems inherent in NTSC and required the addition of a manual hue control. Most PAL systems encode the colour information using a variant of the Y'UV colour space. Y ′ {\displaystyle Y'} comprises
5168-593: Was adopted by most European countries, by several African countries, by Argentina , Brazil , Paraguay , Uruguay , and by most of Asia Pacific (including the Middle East and South Asia) . Countries in those regions that did not adopt PAL were France , Francophone Africa, several ex- Soviet states, Japan , South Korea , Liberia , Myanmar , the Philippines , and Taiwan . With the introduction of home video releases and later digital sources (e.g. DVD-Video ),
5244-401: Was adopted in Europe in 1983, primarily for Direct Broadcasting by Satellite (DBS) services. This was an evolution from older color TV systems (such as PAL or SECAM ) fixing the problems of interference between luminance and chrominance , and providing a stepping stone for a future HDTV system. In 1986, a new high definition broadcasting standard, HD-MAC, was presented, offering twice
5320-575: Was developed at the University of Dortmund in Germany , in cooperation with German terrestrial broadcasters and European and Japanese manufacturers. The system had some adoption across Europe during the late 1990s and helped introduce widescreen TVs in the market, but never became mainstream. A similar system, developed in Japan at the same time and named EDTV-II/ Wide-aspect Clear-vision , allows for 16:9 NTSC broadcasts. The MAC family of standards
5396-424: Was introduced. Named PALplus , it was defined by ITU recommendation BT.1197-1. It was developed at the University of Dortmund in Germany , in cooperation with German terrestrial broadcasters and European and Japanese manufacturers. Adoption was limited to European countries. With the introduction of digital broadcasts and signal sources (ex: DVDs , game consoles), the term PAL was used imprecisely to refer to
5472-481: Was no dedicated anamorphic simulcast for the digital channels. Therefore, PALPlus over terrestrial analog PAL broadcasts remained the only source of 576 lines widescreen TV in Portugal for many years. Since the middle of 2010 PALplus was dropped in favor of regular 16:9 letterbox , because the system caused considerable image degradation (with an effective horizontal resolution of only about ~400px compared to 720px of
5548-468: Was originally a two-part training application only available for download via the DSiWare service since 2009. It was later re-released in 2010 as a fully compiled, retail-able DS Game Card with added features, thus also making it available for original Nintendo DS and Nintendo DS Lite users. Art Academy: Lessons for Everyone! , entitled New Art Academy in Europe and Australia is a 2012 video game for
5624-453: Was released in Europe and Australia in July 2014, and North America in October. The game was made available as both a retail and downloadable release from the Nintendo eShop , and is the first 3DS title with built-in Miiverse support for sharing artwork. Disney Art Academy is an educational art training video game developed by Headstrong Games , published by Nintendo and released for
5700-530: Was the fourth main entry in the series, released in 2015, and the first one on home consoles. A more full-featured version of the SketchPad app, it contains more lessons. Pokémon Art Academy is an educational drawing video game developed by Headstrong Games , published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 3DS . It is a spin-off of the Art Academy series featuring characters from the Pokémon media franchise, and
5776-512: Was used by broadcasters such as RAI (Italy). RTÉ Ireland’s public service broadcaster, began to broadcast widescreen programming in 1995, initially on Network 2 Television in a special slot, mostly focused on documentaries, music and feature films, but over time more widescreen programming was introduced. In the Netherlands , the public broadcasters used PALplus up to 2005. With the switch to digital television and anamorphic widescreen,
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