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63-958: Arlington Heights can refer to several places in the United States: Towns or cities [ edit ] Arlington Heights, Illinois Arlington Heights, Ohio Arlington Heights, Pennsylvania Arlington Heights, Washington Neighborhoods [ edit ] Arlington Heights, Fort Worth, Texas Arlington Heights, Los Angeles , California Arlington Heights, Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania Arlington Heights, Portland, Oregon Arlington Heights Historic District in Arlington County, Virginia Arlington Heights, in Arlington, California Arlington Heights, in Arlington, Massachusetts See also [ edit ] Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Development Corp. ,

126-512: A Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) . By the start of the 20th century Arlington Heights had about 1,400 inhabitants, and it continued to grow slowly with a good many farms and greenhouses after World War II . By then Arlington Heights was also known for Arlington Park , a racetrack founded in 1927 by the California millionaire Harry D. "Curly" Brown upon land formerly consisting of 12 farms. Camp McDonald and two country clubs were founded in

189-506: A 1977 U.S. Supreme Court case [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arlington_Heights&oldid=1063135513 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

252-569: A 350-seat theatre, ballroom and classrooms for music and theatre. Music venue Hey Nonny opened in 2018. Public elementary schools and middle schools that serve most of the city are operated by Arlington Heights School District 25 . Portions of the city are also served by Prospect Heights School District 23 , Wheeling School District 21 , Community Consolidated School District 59 and Community Consolidated School District 15 . Seventeen elementary schools and nine middle schools serve sections of Arlington Heights. Public high schools serving most of

315-519: A cheese factory, a hardware store, and a hotel. In 1874, the town's name was officially changed to Arlington Heights. In 1878, Civil War veteran Charles Sigwalt and his brother John founded the Sigwalt Sewing Machine Company, which made 40,000 machines from the period of 1878 to 1883. The company was destroyed by a fire in 1895. Arlington Heights was an early commuter suburb . The town developed religious institutions that reflected

378-469: A female householder with no husband present, and 34.83% were non-families. Of all households, 30.04% were made up of individuals, and 13.46% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.07 and the average family size was 2.42. The village's age distribution consisted of 22.9% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

441-533: A laptop to use within the library. Wifi is available throughout the library. The bookmobile stops in 29 Arlington Heights neighborhoods, delivering books, DVDs, and music. Village residents who are temporarily or permanently homebound due to an illness or physical disability may have library items brought to their homes through the Library Visitor Program. Participants may request books, audiobooks, videos, and other materials that will be delivered monthly by

504-561: A legal right to carve out homesteads and settlements on land the tribes considered unceded territory. The Miami invited tribes displaced by white settlers, the Delaware (Lenape) and Shawnee to resettle at Kekionga, forming the nucleus of the pan-tribal Western Confederacy. War parties attacked white settlers, seeking to drive them out, and whites – including Kentucky militia members – carried out sometimes indiscriminate reprisal attacks on Native American villages. The resulting conflict became known as

567-623: A library volunteer. The Library meets other special needs as well. The library sponsors seven book discussion clubs, and two more at the Arlington Heights Senior Center in addition to a film discussion group. The library also maintains a reading room and computer room at the senior center. Live homework help is available for students in grades 4–12 on the library's web site through Tutor.com . Ten summer volunteer squads attracted more than 250 students in 7th through 12th grade to learn life skills and teamwork. The literacy office at

630-452: A mansion . In 1846, the government forced the tribe's rank-and-file to leave, but several major families who had acquired private property to live on through this practice were exempted and permitted to stay in Indiana, creating a bitter schism. Those who affiliated with the tribe were moved to first to Kansas , then to Oklahoma , where they were given individual allotments of land rather than

693-536: A new stadium on the site, either alongside or directly atop the track. On September 29, 2021, the Bears and Churchill Downs reached a $ 197.2 million purchase and sell agreement for the property where the new stadium would be built. A population explosion took place in the 1950s and 1960s, when the spread of automobile ownership, together with the expansion of the Chicago-area economy, the baby boom , and white flight from

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756-481: A population boom, and many migrants moved to villages surrounding Chicago such as Dunton. Dunton also saw an influx of German immigration By the 1870s, Dunton's population had surpassed 1200. Several Dunton residents served in the Civil War, however only three of those residents who left for the war returned. One of the survivors, a recently naturalized Alsatian named Charles Sigwalt (namesake of Sigwalt Street), fought at

819-592: A reservation as part of efforts to make them assimilate into the American culture of private property and yeoman farming. The U.S. government has recognized what is now the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma as the official tribal government since 1846. In the 20th century, the Indiana-based Miami unsuccessfully sought separate federal recognition. Although they had been recognized by the U.S. in an 1854 treaty, that recognition

882-624: A somewhat separate status, which proved beneficial in the removals of the 19th century. The Miami nation's traditional capital was Kekionga . French years British years The Miami had mixed relations with the United States. Some villages of the Piankeshaw openly supported the American rebel colonists during the American Revolution , while the villages around Ouiatenon were openly hostile. The Miami of Kekionga remained allies of

945-576: A war. Later in 1791, the Washington administration organized a second expedition to attack Kekionga with further orders to build a fort there to permanently occupy the region, but the Western Confederacy attacked its camp en route and destroyed it; the battle, known as St. Clair's Defeat , is recognized as the worst defeat of an American army by Native Americans in U.S. history. In 1794, a third invading force under General "Mad" Anthony Wayne defeated

1008-633: A wealth of regional bands and repeat performers, such as The Shadows of Knight , The Mauds , H. P. Lovecraft , and Ted Nugent . It also hosted a significant array of national and international rock bands as well, including The Who , The Byrds , Buffalo Springfield , Cream , and The Spencer Davis Group . Entertainment venues include the Metropolis Performing Arts Centre in downtown Arlington Heights, which opened in 1999. The Metropolis Performing Arts Centre includes live entertainment as well as arts education. The facility includes

1071-680: Is also instrumental in business, residential and community development. The community is served by many fine hotels. According to the Village's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: From 1964 to 1970, Arlington Heights served as the home to The Cellar . The club was located in an unused warehouse on Davis Street, along the Chicago and Northwestern railroad tracks. Founded by local record store owner Paul Sampson, The Cellar offered live rock and blues bands for its mostly teenage audience to listen and to dance. It hosted

1134-569: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Arlington Heights, Illinois Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County, Illinois , United States. A northwestern suburb of Chicago , it lies about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of the city's downtown. As of the 2020 census , the village's population was 77,676, making it the 15th-most populous municipality in Illinois. Arlington Heights

1197-691: Is known for the former Arlington Park Race Track , home of the Arlington Million , a Breeders' Cup qualifying event; it also hosted the Breeders' Cup World Thoroughbred Championships in 2002. The village is also home to the Arlington Heights Memorial Library, which has one of the largest collections of books in the state. Arlington Heights lies mostly in the western part of Wheeling Township , with territory in adjacent Elk Grove and Palatine townships, in an area originally notable for

1260-582: Is located in Arlington Heights, in a former middle school. It moved there from Niles in 1998. The Arlington Heights Memorial Library is the public library in the village. According to the Institute of Museum & Library Services ' Public Libraries Survey, in 2014, 63.5 percent of Arlington Heights residents (47,713 out of a service area population of 75,101) held library cards , entitling cardholders to borrowing privileges. For seven consecutive years,

1323-573: Is now Canada who supplied them with firearms and wanted to trade with them for furs, the Miami pushed back into their historical territory and resettled it. At this time, the major bands of the Miami were: In 1696, the Comte de Frontenac appointed Jean Baptiste Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes as commander of the French outposts in northeast Indiana and southwest Michigan. He befriended the Miami people, settling first at

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1386-561: The Battle of Chickamauga and the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain . Warren Kennicott (namesake of Kennicott Avenue) was killed in action at the Battle of Gettysburg . During the Civil War, Arlington Heights was a stop for many Union soldiers travelling South to fight the Confederacy or traveling North to fight in the Dakota War . Dunton slowly grew after the Civil War, acquiring a blacksmith ,

1449-403: The Battle of Kenapacomaqua , Wilkinson killed 9 Wea and Miami, and captured 34 Miami as prisoners, including a daughter of Miami war chief Little Turtle. Many of the confederation leaders had been considering terms of peace to present to the United States, but when they received news of Wilkinson's raid, they readied for war. Wilkinson's raid thus had the opposite effect and united the tribes for

1512-718: The Beaver Wars by the Iroquois . Early European colonists and traders on the East Coast had fueled demand for furs, and the Iroquois – based in central and western New York – had acquired early access to European firearms through trade and had used them to conquer the Ohio Valley area for use as hunting grounds, which temporarily depopulated as Algonquin woodlands tribes fled west as refugees. The warfare and ensuing social disruption – along with

1575-860: The Delaware language exonym for the Miamis, tuwéhtuwe , a name of unknown etymology. Some Miami have stated that this was only a name used by other tribes for the Miami, and not their autonym. They also called themselves Mihtohseeniaki (the people). The Miami continue to use this autonym today. Early Miami people are considered to belong to the Fisher Tradition of Mississippian culture . Mississippian societies were characterized by maize -based agriculture, chiefdom -level social organization, extensive regional trade networks, hierarchical settlement patterns, and other factors. The historical Miami engaged in hunting, as did other Mississippian peoples. Written history of

1638-544: The Illiniwek , a loose confederacy of Algonquian-speaking peoples. The term "Miami" has imprecise meaning to historians. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the term "Miami" generally referred to all of these bands as one grand tribe. Over the course of the 19th century, "Miami" came to specifically refer to the Atchakangoen (Crane) band. Around the beginning of the 18th century, with support from French traders coming down from what

1701-552: The Illinois & Wisconsin Railroad company to build track through his property. In 1853, Dunton sold 16 acres of his land to the company for $ 350. The first Dunton train station was built in 1854. The construction of the railroad helped to expand the population of Dunton, as it was easier for settlers to reach the village. By 1850, the area had largely changed its ethnic composition, as many German farmers from Saxony had arrived during

1764-543: The North Central Service , which stops nearby in Prospect Heights . Interstate 90 and Illinois Route 53 (northern extension of Interstate 290 ) run along the south and western edges, respectively, of the city, providing easy access to nearby O'Hare International Airport , the city of Chicago, and other suburbs. Pace provides bus service on multiple routes connecting Arlington Heights to destinations across

1827-523: The Northwest Indian War . Seeking to bring an end to the rising violence by forcing the tribes to sign treaties ceding land for white settlement, the George Washington administration ordered an attack on Kekionga in 1790; American forces destroyed it but were then repulsed by Little Turtle's warriors . In 1791, Lieutenant Colonel James Wilkinson launched what he thought was a clever raid. At

1890-667: The St. Joseph River , and, in 1704, establishing a trading post and fort at Kekionga , present-day Fort Wayne, Indiana , the de facto Miami capital which controlled an important land portage linking the Maumee River (which flowed into Lake Erie and offered a water path to Quebec) to the Wabash River (which flowed into the Ohio River and offered a water path to the Mississippi Valley). By

1953-574: The poverty line , including 1.6% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over. Arlington Heights has experienced a recent boom in development of condos, restaurants and other businesses in the Central Business District or downtown area of Arlington Heights, with restaurants experiencing the greatest overall success. Although land and space is now limited in Arlington Heights, business and community development along with community design are key concerns. The Village of Arlington Heights

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2016-524: The 1840s. John Klehm might serve as an example; he was at first a potato farmer, supplying the Chicago market, and in 1856 began a nursery for cherry, apple, and pear trees, later moving into spruce, maple, and elm, and then flowers. By the late 1850s the area had become noted for its truck farms , sending dairy products as well as vegetables to Chicago on the railroad. During the Civil War , Chicago experienced

2079-592: The 18th century, the Miami had for the most part returned to their homeland in present-day Indiana and Ohio. The eventual victory of the British in the French and Indian War ( Seven Years' War ) led to an increased British presence in traditional Miami areas. Shifting alliances and the gradual encroachment of European-American settlement led to some Miami bands, including the Piankeshaw , and Wea , effectively merging into what

2142-666: The 1930s. On July 31, 1985, a fire burned down the grandstand . The current six-story grandstand was completed and opened for use June 28, 1989. In February 2021, the track's owners, Churchill Downs Inc. , announced that they would sell the site for redevelopment, which would draw in many new developers. In June 2021, the Chicago Bears of the National Football League emerged as prospective buyers of Arlington Park, raising speculation that they would leave Soldier Field (their current home stadium in downtown Chicago) and build

2205-1092: The 1960s to the 1980s, there were three public high schools in Arlington Heights: Hersey, Arlington High School , and Forest View High School . Arlington High School was the original high school founded in 1922, but was closed in 1984, and is now the private Christian Liberty Academy . Forest View High School was closed in 1986, but serves as the administration center for the district. Today Arlington Heights high school students attend Rolling Meadows High School , Prospect High School , John Hersey High School and Buffalo Grove High School , with small portions attending Wheeling High School , Elk Grove High School , and Palatine High School (Palatine, Illinois). There are also several private schools in Arlington Heights, such as St. Viator High School , Our Lady of Wayside School, St. James School, St. Peter Lutheran School and Christian Liberty Academy. Chicago Futabakai Japanese School , which offers day classes for Japanese students as well as weekend supplemental instruction ,

2268-546: The 2021 census gazetteer files, Arlington Heights has a total area of 16.64 square miles (43.10 km ), of which 16.61 square miles (43.02 km ) (or 99.81%) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.08 km ) (or 0.19%) is water. As of the 2020 census there were 77,676 people, 30,672 households, and 19,988 families residing in the village. The population density was 4,669.15 inhabitants per square mile (1,802.77/km ). There were 33,356 housing units at an average density of 2,005.05 per square mile (774.15/km ). The racial makeup of

2331-626: The British, but were not openly hostile to the United States (except when attacked by Augustin de La Balme in 1780). In the 1783 Treaty of Paris, which ended the American Revolutionary War , Britain transferred its claim of sovereignty over the Northwest Territory – modern-day Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin – to the new United States. White pioneers pushed into the Ohio Valley, leading to disputes over whether they had

2394-482: The Miami traces back to missionaries and explorers who encountered them in what is now Wisconsin , from which they migrated south and eastwards from the mid-17th century to the mid-18th century, settling on the upper Wabash River and the Maumee River in what is now northeastern Indiana and northwestern Ohio. By oral history, this migration was a return to the region where they had long lived before being invaded during

2457-600: The Oklahoma-based Miami tribe has about 5,600 enrolled members. However many other Indiana-based Miami still consider themselves a separate group that has been unfairly denied separate federal recognition. The Miami Nation of Indiana does not have federal tribal recognition. Senate Bill No. 311 was introduced in the Indiana General Assembly in 2011 to formally grant state recognition to the tribe, giving it sole authority to determine its tribal membership, but

2520-565: The Potawatomi who once inhabited the land that is now Arlington Heights currently live on a reservation in Mayette, Kansas. Many prominent roads in the Arlington Heights area were built on top of Native American trails: Rand Road was built on top of a Native trail which passed by the property of Socrates Rand, who built a tavern near a crossing on the Des Plaines River . Arlington Heights Road

2583-594: The United States gathered around Ouiatenon and Prophetstown , where Shawnee Chief Tecumseh led a coalition of Native American nations. Territorial governor William Henry Harrison and his forces destroyed Prophetstown in 1811, and in the War of 1812 – which included a tribal siege of Fort Wayne – attacked Miami villages throughout the Indiana Territory. Although Wayne had promised in the Treaty of Greenville negotiations that

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2646-518: The absence of groves and trees. The land that is now the Village of Arlington Heights was controlled by the Miami Confederacy (which contained the Illini and Kickapoo tribes) starting in the early 1680s. The Confederacy was driven from the area by the Iroquois and Meskwaki in the early 1700s. The French-allied Potawatomi began to raid and take possession of Northern Illinois in the 1700s. In

2709-628: The city, drove the number of people in Arlington Heights—expanded by a series of annexations —up to 64,884 by 1970. By then virtually all the available land had been taken up, and the formerly isolated depot stop found itself part of a continuous built-up area stretching from Lake Michigan to the Fox River . Arlington Heights is located at 42°05′42″N 87°58′51″W  /  42.094976°N 87.980873°W  / 42.094976; -87.980873 (42.094976, −87.980873). According to

2772-492: The community are operated by Township High School District 214 . There is one public high school in the city, John Hersey High School . Other District 214 high schools serving sections of the city are: Buffalo Grove , Prospect , Rolling Meadows , and Wheeling . Portions of the city are also served by Palatine High School (Palatine, Illinois) in Township High School District 211 . During peak enrollment from

2835-618: The confederacy at the Battle of Fallen Timbers , burned tribal settlements along dozens of miles of the Maumee River, and erected Fort Wayne at Kekionga. Wayne then imposed the Treaty of Greenville in 1795, which ended the Northwest Indian War. Under it, confederacy leaders like Little Turtle agreed to cede most of what is now Ohio, along with other tracts to the west including what is now central Detroit, Chicago, and Fort Wayne, in exchange for annual payments. Those Miami who still resented

2898-548: The first cabins in what was then known as Deer Grove, registered three land claims for himself and two sons in the land in the west of Wheeling Township . In 1845, Asa's eldest son, William Dunton, married Almeda Wood and brought her to the house he built beside the Potawatomi trail which then became known as Dunton's Road (and is now known as Arlington Heights Road). West Wheeling then became known as Dunton. The town's name changed several times before it officially became known as Arlington Heights in 1874. William Dunton persuaded

2961-587: The late 1700s and early 1800s, the Potawatomi expanded southwards from their territory in Green Bay and westward from their holdings near Detroit, until they controlled in an L-shaped swath of territory from Green Bay to the Illinois River, and from the Mississippi River to the Maumee River. Throughout the 1830s, the Potawatomi maintained a camp in modern-day Arlington Heights that was used for six weeks out of

3024-721: The library has eight computers with software to improve English skills, conversation programs and adult basic reading books. The library also offers free literacy and ESL classes in cooperation with Township High School District 214. One Book, One Village is an annual community reading project which features a selected title an author each year, with book discussions, Meet the Author and related programs. Arlington Heights has two stations ( Arlington Heights and Arlington Park ) on Metra 's Union Pacific Northwest Line , which provides daily rail service between Harvard, Illinois and Ogilvie Transportation Center . Other nearby rail service includes

3087-607: The library received a 5-star rating in Library Journal's national rating of public libraries, making it one of 21 libraries in the United States to earn five stars for the past seven years. The library has books, magazines, CDs, DVDs and books on CD in 17 different languages. The Arlington Heights Memorial Library maintains the Arlington Heights Community Information web site. Computers are available for public use, and library card holders can also check out

3150-640: The origins of its citizens. The first churches were Presbyterian (1856) and Methodist (1858), with St. Peter Lutheran Church, a German Lutheran church, following in 1860. Today, the village has many Roman Catholics , boasting three very large churches: St. James (founded 1902—now home to 4,600 registered families), St. Edna (2,800 registered families), and Our Lady of the Wayside (3,100 registered households), in addition to several large Lutheran churches, Evangelicals and several other Protestant churches, including two United Churches of Christ , an Episcopal Church and

3213-1160: The region. The Pace Headquarters is located in Arlington Heights. Arlington Heights Road is a main street running north–south through all of central Arlington Heights. Running to the south it passes through Elk Grove Village , and its southern terminus is in Itasca of DuPage County . Running north it passes through Buffalo Grove , and its northern terminus is in Long Grove of Lake County . Northwest Highway ( U.S. Route 14 ) runs northwest–southeast through central Arlington Heights, from Chicago to Crystal Lake of McHenry County . Other major streets/roads include Rand Road ( U.S. Route 12 ), Golf Road ( Illinois Route 58 ), Algonquin Road ( Illinois Route 62 ), Dundee Road ( Illinois Route 68 ), Palatine Road, Central Road, Hintz Road, Euclid Avenue, Dunton Avenue, Campbell Street, White Oak Street, Thomas Street, Olive Street, Oakton Street, Kennicott Avenue, Ridge Avenue, Dryden Avenue and Windsor Drive. Miami people The name Miami derives from '(plural Myaamiaki ),

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3276-423: The remaining unceded territory would remain tribal land – the origin of the name "Indiana" – forever, that is not what happened. Wayne would die a year later. White traders who came to Fort Wayne were used by the government to deliver the annual treaty payments to the Miami and other tribes. The traders also sold them alcohol and manufactured goods. Between annuity days, the traders sold them such things on credit, and

3339-400: The spread of infectious European diseases such as measles and smallpox for which they had no immunity – contributed to the decimation of Native American populations in the interior. Historic locations When French missionaries first encountered the Miami in the mid-17th century, generating the first written historical record of the tribe, the indigenous people were living around

3402-461: The tribe's autonym (name for themselves) in their Algonquian language of Miami–Illinois . This appears to have been derived from an older term meaning "downstream people." Some scholars contended the Miami called themselves the Twightwee (also spelled Twatwa ), supposedly an onomatopoeic reference to their sacred bird, the sandhill crane . Recent studies have shown that Twightwee derives from

3465-453: The tribes repeatedly ran up more debts than the existing payments could cover. Harrison and his successors pursued a policy of leveraging these debts to induce tribal leaders to sign new treaties ceding large swaths of collectively-held reservation land and then to agree to the tribe's removal. As incentives to induce tribal leaders to sign such treaties, the government gave them individual deeds and other personal perks, such as building one chief

3528-406: The village was 78.95% White , 10.77% Asian , 1.63% African American , 0.22% Native American , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 2.64% from other races , and 5.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.94% of the population. There were 30,672 households, out of which 28.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.72% were married couples living together, 5.95% had

3591-415: The western shores of Lake Michigan . According to Miami oral tradition, they had moved there a few generations earlier from the region that is now northern Indiana, southern Michigan, and northwestern Ohio to escape pressure from Iroquois war parties seeking to monopolize control over furs in the Ohio Valley. Early French explorers noticed many linguistic and cultural similarities between the Miami bands and

3654-535: The year as the Potawatomi migrated from their summer encampments to their winter encampments. In 1833, the Potawatomi signed the 1833 Treaty of Chicago with the United States Government. As a result of the Treaty, the United States was granted control of all land west of Lake Michigan and east of Lake Winnebago in exchange for a tract of land west of the Mississippi. The land that is now Arlington Heights

3717-416: Was 43.4 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males. The median income for a household in the village was $ 100,221, and the median income for a family was $ 126,753. Males had a median income of $ 71,416 versus $ 51,319 for females. The per capita income for the village was $ 51,340. About 2.6% of families and 4.2% of the population were below

3780-549: Was ceded to the U.S. in this treaty, which sparked mass white immigration to the Northern Illinois area. The U.S. Government purchased the land for about 15 cents per acre, and then resold it to white settlers for 1.25 dollars per acre. The Potawatomi would occasionally return to their holdings in Northern Illinois to honor their buried ancestors, but these return visits ended as old villages and burial sites were destroyed by settlers to make way for farming. The descendants of

3843-463: Was developed from a Native trail that ran from what was once called Naper Settlement (now Naperville ) to what was once called Indian Creek (now Half Day ). Around the same time, a trading post was established in the Southwest corner of the township by Frederick T. Miner, the cabins established near Miner's trading post came to be known as West Wheeling. In 1837, Asa Dunton, a settler who built one of

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3906-462: Was sometimes called the Miami Confederacy. Native Americans created larger tribal confederacies led by Chief Little Turtle ; their alliances were for waging war against Europeans and to fight advancing white settlement, and the broader Miami itself became a subset of the so-called Western Confederacy during the Northwest Indian War. The U.S. government later included the Miami with the Illini for administrative purposes. The Eel River band maintained

3969-470: Was stripped in 1897. In 1980, the Indiana legislature recognized the Eastern Miami as a matter of state law and voted to support federal recognition, but in 1993, a federal judge ruled that the statute of limitations on appealing their status had expired. In 1996, the Miami Tribe of Oklahoma changed its constitution to permit any descendant of people on certain historical roles to join, and since then hundreds of Indiana-based Miami have become members. Today

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