Amer Didić (born December 28, 1994) is a Canadian professional soccer player who plays as a centre-back for Canadian Premier League club Atlético Ottawa . Born in Bosnia and Herzegovina, he represents the Canada national team .
109-665: Born in Zenica , Bosnia and raised in Edmonton , Alberta, Canada, Didić began playing soccer with Sherwood Park District SA and later spent time in the FC Edmonton Academy system before playing four years of college soccer at Baker University , where he was a two-time NAIA All-American. As a senior in 2015, he was named a NSCAA and NAIA All-American, as well as being named the Heart of America Athletic Conference Most Valuable Player. Didić
218-549: A demonstration sport . Various auto racing organizations hold non-championship exhibition events; these events usually award no championship points to participants, but they do offer prize money to participants. The NASCAR Cup Series holds two exhibition events annually – the Busch Clash , held at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum at the start of the season, and the All-Star Race , held at North Wilkesboro Speedway midway through
327-483: A free transfer . He left the club at the end of the 2023 season , having made a total amount of 63 appearances in all competitions for them. On April 4, 2024, Atlético Ottawa announced the signing of the Canadian international, ahead of the 2024 Canadian Premier League season. Didić joined on a free transfer and signed a one-year contract with an option to extend for another season. On April 13, 2024, he made his debut in
436-570: A Christian era-community. In the Bilimišće district, traces of ancient settlements have been found. In the outlying villages of Putovići and Tišina, where villa rustica dominate, thermae, a temple, and a series of other sites are also present. The earliest findings in Zenica date from the period of 3000 to 2000 BC; they were found in the localities of Drivuša and Gradišće. Metal axes, arrows, ornamental fibulae, and ceramic remains were unearthed from
545-634: A charity fight on his rematch with Buddy Baer , but this was not considered an exhibition as it was for Louis' world Heavyweight title, and as a championship fight, it counted on both boxers' records. Muhammad Ali fought many exhibitions, including one with Lyle Alzado . In more modern times, Mike Tyson , Julio César Chávez , Jorge Castro , and Floyd Mayweather Jr. have been involved in exhibition fights. Although not fought for profit, amateur bouts (usually) and sparring sessions are not considered to be exhibition fights. On 25 August 2018 , YouTubers Logan Paul and KSI had an exhibition match that ended in
654-708: A draw. On 28 November 2020 , Mike Tyson and Roy Jones Jr. had a fight that ended in a draw. Prior to the 1917–18 NHL season , an exhibition game was played on 15 December, between the Montreal Canadiens and the Montreal Wanderers . The game was played as a benefit to aid victims of the Halifax explosion . Under the 1995 – 2004 National Hockey League collective bargaining agreement , teams were limited to nine preseason games. From 1975 to 1991 , NHL teams sometimes played exhibition games against teams from
763-470: A farming settlement. Two tombs (one with human bones and ceramics), two tumuli , and a completely new prehistorical settlement, Ravna gradina , were also found. The Romans tried to conquer the region at the end of the 3rd century BC Bellum Batonianum and were present in the area from the 6th to the 9th centuries. They ruled continuously in many areas until close to the end of the 4th century (after Arduba's fall). Today's area of Zenica had its peak in
872-482: A final stage of training camp and regular season rosters are finalized after the exhibition games, which are generally referred to as "pre-season" play. During the amateur era, there was only a limited number of rugby union competitions between national teams. Therefore, matches between national teams are never considered "exhibitions" or "friendlies", as they always have Test match status. National teams sometimes play exhibition matches versus invitational teams like
981-524: A hiking destination, whose altitude is 1,304 m (4,278 ft). The Zenica basin extends from the Lašva river canyon in the south to the Vranduk canyon and Vranduk gorge in the north—of an average length of 35 km (22 mi) and with an average altitude of 700 m (2,300 ft). Overview of the highest hills and mountains is given in the table below. The lowest topographical areas of Zenica are along
1090-405: A large scale. In 2019, German company nextbike introduced their bike-sharing system to the city. Plans were made for a new municipal heating system in order to put an end to regular heat shutoffs during the coldest seasons. New Year's concerts began to be held on the main square. The Serbian pop band Miligram inaugurated the event in 2017/18. Various other events have been organized, including
1199-477: A local college team, a minor-league team from their farm system, or even a national baseball team representing a country. Some days feature the team playing two games with two different rosters evenly divided up, which are known as "split-squad" games. Several MLB teams used to play regular exhibition games during the year against nearby teams in the other major league, but regular-season interleague play has made such games unnecessary. The two Canadian MLB teams,
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#17328527286281308-472: A match held in honor of a player for contribution to their club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches ( Soccer Aid , Team UNICEF etc .) and testimonial matches respectively. A training game is generally a non-competitive football match played between two sides usually as part of a training exercise or to give players match practice. Managers may also use bounce games as an opportunity to observe
1417-411: A new season/competitive match. Some rules may be changed or experimented with, such as unlimited substitutions (which allow teams to play less experienced players). Frequently such games take place between a large club and nearby smaller clubs, such as those between Newcastle United and Gateshead , or on a large club on an international tour against local opponents. Since the 2000s, friendlies played in
1526-559: A player in action before offering a contract. Usually these games are played on a training ground rather than in a stadium with no spectators in attendance. Before the establishment of the Bandy World Championship in 1957, annually held friendly games were the main events for national teams of the sport . International friendlies are still often held. Exhibition fights were once common in boxing. Jack Dempsey fought many exhibition bouts after retiring. Joe Louis fought
1635-825: A potential NHL expansion venue; and the St. Louis Blues in Kansas City, Missouri at T-Mobile Center , also a potential expansion venue that is currently considered part of the Blues' television market). Before the Vegas Golden Knights entered the NHL in 2017, the Kings would traditionally play an annual game known as Frozen Fury in Las Vegas in a partnership with the MGM Grand Las Vegas . The game
1744-522: A practice common in baseball and hockey, where a team that is scheduled to play two games on the same day splits their team into two squads, are prohibited. The NFL has played exhibition games in Europe , Japan , Canada , Australia (including the American Bowl in 1999) and Mexico to spread the league's popularity (a game of this type was proposed for China but, due to financial and logistical problems,
1853-909: A region. These games are typically played by graduating seniors after the regular season or in the summer. Many of these games, which include the U.S. Army All-American Bowl and Under Armour All-America Game , are used as showcases for players to be seen by colleges and increase their college recruiting profile, or for athletes to confirm their choice and sign their National Letter of Intent outside of National Signing Day . Outside North America, teams will sometimes organize exhibition games as part of their pre season preparations – German Football League teams for example often schedule games against second or third tier opponents ahead of their regular season. Exhibition games are also sometimes scheduled between teams from different countries which would otherwise never play each other – including on occasion between non-North American teams and North American college teams. As
1962-770: A result of the COVID-19 pandemic leading to the cancellation of regular league play in many places, some teams scheduled exhibition games instead, including the Dresden Monarchs hosting the Wroclaw Panthers on September 20, 2020. Teams in the Canadian Football League play two exhibition games each year, in June. Exhibition games in the CFL have taken on great importance to coaching staff and players alike in that they are used as
2071-498: A season-ticket package. Numerous lawsuits have been brought by fans and classes of fans against the NFL or its member teams regarding this practice, but none have been successful in halting it. The Pro Bowl , traditionally played after the end of the NFL season (since 2010 played the week prior to the Super Bowl), is also considered an exhibition game. The Arena Football League briefly had
2180-509: A significant number of non-championship Formula One races. The National Hot Rod Association Pro Stock teams will have a preseason drag meet held before the traditional start in Pomona. The Pro Stock Showdown is a preseason drag meet held for the Pro Stock teams held at The Strip at Las Vegas Motor Speedway . In sumo wrestling , official tournaments ( honbasho ) are held six times per year, in
2289-415: A student of Juraj Dalmatinac . Bosnia experienced Turkish incursions starting in 1386. The first Ottoman entry into Zenica relates to their victory over Hungarian warriors near Doboj in 1415. Zenica has been mentioned under today's name since that event. The first official record of the city's name is in a document dated 16 March 1436, which relates to the invasion and robbery of Zachlumia by
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#17328527286282398-494: A synagogue was built in 1903, not to mention hotels, schools, water-supply infrastructure, modern roads, etc. After World War I, the Kingdom of SHS was formed, which in 1929 became the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and included Bosnia and Herzegovina. The political, economic, and social life of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1918 to 1941 stagnated, though this situation changed slightly before the beginning of World War II, with investments in
2507-641: A team playing against itself leaves little ability for poll participants to make judgments, and at levels below the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) , championships are decided by objective formulas and thus those teams can play non-league games without affecting their playoff hopes. High school football teams frequently participate in controlled scrimmages with other teams during preseason practice, but full exhibition games are rare because of league rules and concerns about finances, travel and player injuries, along with enrollments not being registered until
2616-686: A time of stabilization began in Zenica. After the Berlin Congress , held in 1878, the Austro-Hungarian monarchy was given the rights to occupy Bosnia and Herzegovina; armed resistance to occupying troops soon arose. It is believed that Zenica, more precisely the Hadži Mazića house, was the place of negotiations between representatives of the Ottoman authorities in the Bosnian vilayet of Hafiz-pasha and
2725-662: A trip to a home team's arena during the regular season to see a game close to home; for instance, the Minnesota Timberwolves will play games in arenas in North and South Dakota , while the Phoenix Suns schedule one exhibition game outdoors at Indian Wells Tennis Garden in Indian Wells, California , yearly, the only such instance an NBA game takes place in an outdoor venue. Exhibition games have also been held on occasion outside
2834-439: A trophy, and television broadcasts, there is little prestige attached to them. In addition, club teams may tour other continents as part of global branding campaigns. International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at
2943-423: A two-game exhibition season in the early 2000s, a practice that ended in 2003 with a new television contract. Exhibition games outside of a structured season are relatively common among indoor American football leagues; because teams switch leagues frequently at that level of play, it is not uncommon to see some of the smaller leagues schedule exhibition games against teams that are from another league, about to join
3052-502: Is 10.4 °C (50.7 °F), average annual precipitation is 804 mm (31.7 in), with the lowest monthly precipitation occurring in March and the highest in November. The coldest month is January, with an average annual minimum of −1 °C (30 °F), while July is the hottest, with an average annual maximum of 20.2 °C (68.4 °F)]. The lowest mean monthly temperature in Zenica
3161-689: Is 310–350 m (1,017–1,148 ft). The rivers Bosna, Lašva , Babina, and Kočeva flow through the settlement. A moderate continental climate prevails. The city has thirteen urban local settlements and it consists of a total of 81 rural settlements. Zenica has nine national monuments. The football club Čelik is a landmark of the city, and it also has one of the tallest buildings in Bosnia and Herzegovina— Lamela . Famous Zenicans include Semir Osmanagić , Anabela Basalo , Danis Tanović , Amar Jašarspahić Gile , Mladen Krstajić , Dejan Lovren , Mervana Jugić-Salkić , and Amel Tuka . There are several theories about
3270-580: Is a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina and an administrative and economic center of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 's Zenica-Doboj Canton . It is located in the Bosna river valley, about 70 km (43 mi) north of Sarajevo . The city is known for its Ironworks Zenica factory but also as a significant university center. According to the 2013 census , the settlement of Zenica itself counts 70,553 citizens and
3379-473: Is allowed only one foreign tour every four years and a maximum of ten games in each tour. The National Football League teams play three preseason games a year, with the exception of two teams each year who play a fourth game, the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game (previously before the 2021 season expansion , four games). These exhibition games, most of which are held in the month of August, are played for
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3488-594: Is canceled if pre-empted by major international competitions such as the Olympic Games . Traditionally, major college basketball teams began their seasons with a few exhibition games. They played traveling teams made up of former college players on teams such as Athletes in Action or a team sponsored by Marathon Petroleum . On occasion before 1992, when FIBA allowed professional players on foreign national teams, colleges played those teams in exhibitions. However, in 2003,
3597-501: Is located in the heart of Bosnia, in the central part of the river Bosna's flow, after which the country is named. Its average elevation is 310–350 m (1,017–1,148 ft) above sea level. The topography of the city is that of a valley–basin. It is made up of a series of alluvial planins, hills, and mountain passes. The average altitude of the city itself, which is surrounded by hills, is 310–350 m (1,017–1,148 ft). However, there are many higher positions, such as Tvrtkovac ,
3706-583: Is played today at Delta Center in Salt Lake City, Utah . Today, all teams must play six, seven, or eight preseason games. Each preseason game must have at least eight veterans dressed, except during the World Cup of Hockey. In the 1994–95 season and the 2012–13 season, no preseason games were played due to lockouts . Since the 2000s, some preseason games have been played in Europe against European teams, as part of
3815-690: Is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team , which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres . American college hockey teams occasionally play exhibition games against Canadian college teams as well as against USA or Canadian national teams. (In men's hockey, the senior national teams are selected from NHL and other pro players, and college teams would be overmatched against those teams even if they were allowed to play them. However,
3924-450: The 1998–99 and 2011–12 seasons, teams were limited to only two preseason games due to lockouts. The annual NBA All-Star Game is an exhibition game. Women's National Basketball Association teams play up to three preseasons games per year. WNBA teams will play each other and will also play women's national basketball teams. Most years, the WNBA also stages an All-Star Game , but this game
4033-515: The Barbarian F.C. and Barbarian Rugby Club . Also, rugby union clubs sometimes play preseason matches. Australian rules football has been introduced to a wide range of places around Australia and the world since the code originated in Victoria in 1859. Much of this expansion can be directly attributed to exhibition matches by the major leagues in regions and countries where the code has been played as
4142-457: The Bosnian kings ; Janjići and 'hižas' [homes] of Bosnian Church members; stećci , stone tombstone monuments, etc.) During Ottoman rule (1463–1878), Zenica became a Muslim town; at the end of the 17th century, Zenica had 2,000 citizens, mostly Muslims; Orthodox and Catholic Christians are mentioned again from the end of the 18th century, and Jews in the 19th century. Modern Zenica was mostly built in
4251-465: The Canadian Championship . While out of contract during the off-season, Didić went on a preseason trial with Major League Soccer side Vancouver Whitecaps FC . On February 24, 2020, he concluded his trial with Vancouver and returned home. On March 2, 2020, Didić officially re-signed with Edmonton for the 2020 season. On February 9, 2022, Didić signed with CPL reigning champions Pacific FC on
4360-841: The King's Cup , the Kirin Cup , Intercontinental Cup and the China Cup are usually considered international friendlies by FIFA. In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of games. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer , Japan's J.League or South Korea's K League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or
4469-663: The NHL Challenge and NHL Premiere series. In addition to the standard preseason, there also exist prospect tournaments such as the Vancouver Canucks ' YoungStars tournament and the Detroit Red Wings ' training camp, in which NHL teams' younger prospects face off against each other under their parent club's banner. In 1992 , goaltender Manon Rhéaume played in a preseason game for the Tampa Bay Lightning , becoming
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4578-640: The National Collegiate Athletic Association banned games with non-college teams. Some teams have begun scheduling exhibition games against teams in NCAA Division II , NCAA Division III and the NAIA , or even against colleges and universities located in Canada . Major college basketball teams still travel to other countries during the summer to play in exhibition games, although a college team
4687-644: The Ontario Reign ; Montreal Canadiens games at Colisée Pepsi in Quebec City , which has no pro hockey but used to have an NHL team until 1995; Washington Capitals at 1st Mariner Arena in the Baltimore Hockey Classic; Buffalo Sabres at Pegula Ice Arena on the campus of owner Terrence Pegula 's alma mater Penn State University ; various Western Canada teams at Credit Union Centre in Saskatoon ,
4796-801: The Soviet Union in the Super Series , and in 1978, played against World Hockey Association teams also in preseason training. Like the NFL, the NHL sometimes schedules exhibition games for cities without their own NHL teams, often at a club's minor league affiliate (e.g. Carolina Hurricanes games at Time Warner Cable Arena in Charlotte, North Carolina , home of their AHL affiliate the Charlotte Checkers ; Los Angeles Kings games at Citizens Business Bank Arena in Ontario, California , home of their AHL affiliate
4905-884: The Toronto Blue Jays of the American League and the Montreal Expos of the National League , met annually to contest the Pearson Cup ; this tradition ended when the Expos moved to Washington DC for the 2005 season . Similarly, the New York Yankees played in the Mayor's Trophy Game against various local rivals from 1946 to 1983. It also used to be commonplace to have a team play an exhibition against Minor League affiliates during
5014-722: The national under-18 teams are made up of amateurs, allowing college squads to play them.) The Major League Baseball 's preseason is also known as spring training . All MLB teams maintain a spring-training base in Arizona or Florida . The teams in Arizona make up the Cactus League , while the teams in Florida play in the Grapefruit League . Each team plays about 30 preseason games against other MLB teams. They may also play exhibitions against
5123-421: The 19th century: by 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, with local or regional leagues for lower-level teams. Since the introduction of league football, most club sides play a number of friendlies before the start of each season (called pre-season friendlies). Friendly football matches are considered to be non-competitive and are mostly used to "warm up" players for
5232-425: The 2018 season. Didić made his first appearance for Sporting KC since the 2016 season when he started in a 2–0 victory over Real Salt Lake at Rio Tinto Stadium in the U.S. Open Cup Round of 32 on June 6, 2018. After three seasons with Sporting KC, Didić was released at the end of the 2018 season. In December 2018, Didić signed with United Soccer League club San Antonio FC for the 2019 season. After starting
5341-417: The 3rd century, as well as Slavs later) forced Christianity to retreat from these areas. During the invasions, at the beginning of the 7th century, Bistua Nuova was destroyed, along with its basilica . It is believed that the barbarian invasions destroyed a huge part of the ancient inheritance. Goths , Avars , and Slavs passed through this location. The Slavs came in the 6th and 7th centuries and inhabited
5450-442: The Austro-Hungarian and Yugoslavian periods. The population rose rapidly during the 20th century, and from the Bosnian War until 2013, the city lost a quarter of its population. The municipality of Zenica became the City of Zenica in 2014. The city is geographically located in the heart of Bosnia. The settled area is 43.01 km (16.61 sq mi) and of the city proper covers 558.5 km (215.6 sq mi). Elevation
5559-406: The Bosnian War in Zenica was a two-year-old Croat girl named Matea Jurić (29 July 1990 – 13 May 1992), who was killed by a gunshot during the blockade of the military barracks of the JNA in the urban settlement of Bilimišće. A memorial was erected in her honour. On 19 April 1993, during the Croat–Bosniak War , sixteen civilians were killed and fifty injured when a HVO howitzer-fired grenade hit
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#17328527286285668-465: The Orahovički stream near Nemila, Gračanica, Ravna, and other places. The Illyrians came to this region during the transition from the Bronze and the Iron Age (from the 6th to the 5th centuries BC). Their defensive buildings, "gradinas", are the best known (the word is derived from the verb Serbo-Croatian : graditi – to build). The urban part of today's Zenica was already formed in the younger Stone Age—the Neolithic , and especially later, during
5777-405: The Ottoman Duke Barak, who retreated towards Zenica and there received Ragusan money in the name of redemption. From the time of that event until the complete establishment of Ottomans rule in Bosnia in 1463, there is no mention of Zenica in relevant documents. For that reason, this era of the city's history cannot be covered in detail. After administrative changes introduced in the first years of
5886-460: The US and Canada. However, from 1971 to 1975, NBA teams played preseason exhibitions against American Basketball Association teams with the ABA winning the series 80 to 75 games. In the early days of the NBA, league clubs sometimes challenged the legendary barnstorming Harlem Globetrotters , with mixed success. The Minneapolis Lakers beat the Globetrotters seven games to one. The NBA has played preseason games in Europe and Asia. Beginning in 2015,
5995-447: The United States have become increasingly lucrative for European teams. Although most friendlies are simply one-off matches arranged between the clubs in which a certain amount is paid by the challenger club to the incumbent club, some teams do compete in short tournaments, such as the Emirates Cup , Teresa Herrera Trophy , International Champions Cup and the Amsterdam Tournament . Although these events may involve sponsorship deals,
6104-417: The Zenica summer fest, music festivals, arts and crafts fairs, bazaars, and the like, thus improving the city's economic outlook. Additionally, the issue of stray dogs in the urban core was handled, pollution was significantly reduced, public transport was improved, and the city is also planning to resolve the problem of unemployment and to modernize the education system, among other projects. Zenica
6213-454: The administrative area 110,663, making it the nation's fourth-largest city . The urban part of today's city was formed in several phases, including Neolithic, Illyrian, the Roman Municipium of Bistua Nuova (2nd–4th century; old name of the city), with an early Christian dual basilica . Traces of an ancient settlement have been found here as well; villa rustica , thermae, a temple, and other buildings were also present. Earliest findings in
6322-437: The best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport . In the early days of association football , friendlies were the most common type of match. However, with the development of The Football League in England in 1888, league and cup tournaments became the primary methods of competition. The significance of friendly matches thus declined since
6431-414: The center of Zenica field, the city is indeed analogous to the eye's pupil. The name of the city can also be derived from the word zenit , meaning zenith , because it is in the center of Bosnia and Herzegovina . The urban part of today's Zenica formed through several phases, which chronologically include a Neolithic community, the Illyrian 'gradina', the Roman Municipium of Bistua Nuova , and
6540-440: The central bazaar of Zenica. The grenade was shot from the village of Putićevo [15 km (9.3 mi)]. During this period, Zenica was isolated from the rest of the world for a year and a half. The city suffered significant losses from sniper fire, arson, hunger, and a lack of electricity. Zenica's populace changed much during the war, with the arrival of Muslims (today's Bosniaks) from other parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and
6649-426: The church's hierarchy. In the Middle Ages, specifically in 1370, the settlement of Klopče was mentioned, as well as a family of that name. On 8 January 1404, the Bosnian bishop from Janjići sent dispatches to the Ragusan prince Vlaho Sorkočević . In the Zenica settlement of Varošište , a medieval church has been unearthed, as well as a Franciscan monastery to St. Mary , which was built by sculptor Ivan Hrelić ,
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#17328527286286758-420: The city's environment. After the Bosnian War, its main polluter, the ironworks, was incapacitated. However, several years later , the old steelworks partially resumed operations, and a non-partisan citizen organisation called Eko pokret Zenica began to protest it, together with the local branch of the Greens of Bosnia and Herzegovina political party. The Babina river basin was declared a nature park after
6867-507: The city's ironworks. After Zenica's liberation by partisans on 12 April 1945, today celebrated as Zenica Liberation Day, the city began to develop as an industrial center. It expanded and included the former villages of Bilino Polje, Klopče, and Radakovo. New apartment blocks were built to cater to the increasing number of coal miners and steelworkers. The town's population in 1948 was only about 15,000 and by 1961, it had grown to over 30,000. In 1981, that number stood at over 63,000 and after
6976-413: The club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly. International friendlies give team managers the opportunity to experiment with team selection and tactics before
7085-406: The commander of the Austro-Hungarian occupying forces, General Filipović, on the conditions of a cessation of the conflict. During this time, Zenica witnessed the construction of various types of economically significant infrastructure, including a railway from Bosanski Brod in 1879, a coal mine in 1880, a paper factory (1885), ironworks (1892), and a penitentiary (1886). In 1908, a power station
7194-434: The commonly used term for the major scrimmage at the end of spring practice is the "Spring Game." True exhibition games between opposing colleges at the highest level do not exist in college football; due to the importance of opinion polling in the top level of college football, even exhibition games would not truly be exhibitions because they could influence the opinions of those polled. Intramural games are possible because
7303-416: The country's FIFA ranking . In 2004, FIFA ruled that substitutions by a team be limited to six per match in international friendlies in response to criticism that such matches were becoming increasingly farcical with managers making as many as 11 substitutions per match. An international match loses its official status if this regulation is breached. Matches in multinational football tournaments such as
7412-547: The departure of Serbs to areas under Serb control. Zenica recovered from the war and has continued to make slow progress. The city was governed for twenty years by the majority-Bosniak and Muslim Party of Democratic Action (SDA), which was mired in corruption and inefficiency, causing parts of the city to lack public lighting, water supply, a functioning sewer system, and paved roads. A drastic population decrease of approximately 26% can be seen between 1991 and 2013, with Zenica losing one quarter of its citizens, partly due to
7521-422: The documents that have so far been studied, the city's current name was first mentioned on 16 March 1436 (or 20 March 1436, annually celebrated as "Zenica Day") and later—Zenica is mentioned in a series of documents related to the Republic of Ragusa (Republic of Dubrovačka). Among other Bosnian parishes , Bored parish, which includes "Bilina poila", is mentioned in the charter. The place refers to one part of
7630-457: The early part of August in most school districts under the traditional September–June academic term . Some states hold preseason events known as "jamborees" in which several pairs of high school football squads take turns playing one half (usually 24 minutes of game time) to give players some experience before the first official game. Another high school football exhibition contest is the all-star game , which usually brings together top players from
7739-418: The first cinema opened in Zenica. By the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, urbanization was underway and the number of citizens increased severalfold. According to the 1910 census, the town had a population of 7,215. This rapid growth was reflected by a construction boom: The Orthodox Church of the Nativity of Our Lady was erected in 1885, two Catholic churches went up in 1910, and
7848-767: The first six centuries of the Common Era, when it included one the most important municipiums and centers of Christian dioceses in Bosnia: Bistua Nuova—seat of the Bistuenska diocese and the seat of Roman Christianity in the Bosnian area prior to the Slavs' arrival. Data suggesting that Bistua Nuova's bishop Andrew (Andreas, Andrija) took part in and was a signer of Solin sinodas in 530 and 533 underlines its importance. Ancient tombstone monuments date from ancient Bistua Nuova, as well as remains of old Christian basilicas. In
7957-542: The first two matches of the season on March 9 and 16, Didić was relegated to the bench for the following two games before being left out of the matchday 18 in April. On April 15, 2019, Didić and San Antonio agreed to mutually terminate his contract so that he could pursue other opportunities. Right after his departure from San Antonio, Didić signed with his hometown club, Canadian Premier League side FC Edmonton . That season, he made nineteen league appearances and one appearance in
8066-464: The first woman to suit up for an all-male pro sports team in North America. The Flying Fathers , a Canadian group of Catholic priests , regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello , was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team
8175-434: The following settlements: Zenica's population increased from 7,215 in 1910 to 15,550 in 1948 and 63,869 in 1981. According to the 1991 population census in Bosnia and Herzegovina , Zenica proper had 96,027 citizens, with the population of the greater municipality being 145,517, living in 81 settlements. According to the 2013 census , Zenica had 70,553 residents (not including Upper Zenica and surrounding villages), while
8284-441: The greater Zenica municipality had 110,663 inhabitants. In Zenica-Doboj Canton, as of February 2020, the most common surnames are as follows: Exhibition game#Association football An exhibition game (also known as a friendly , a scrimmage , a demonstration , a pre-season game , a warmup match , or a preparation match , depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on
8393-434: The group's intercession. The city has also entertained initiatives to create a dam on the Vranduk. The Greens of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Eko pokret have opposed this as well, declaring the Vranduk a national park . Mošćanica, the regional waste landfill, is located between the villages of Mošćanica, Mutnica, Palinovići, Briznik, Arnauti, Ponihovo, and Plavčići, southeast of Zenica. The urban part of Zenica consists of
8502-605: The last Yugoslavian census , the town had over 96,000 citizens, a sixfold increase in population since the formation of Yugoslavia. One year before the outbreak of the Bosnian War , in 1991, Zenica became the seat of one of the first private and independent radio stations in Eastern Europe—Radio CD-CEMP. In the spring of 1993, the station's owner, a journalist, won a Belgian accolade for independent journalism, "The Pen of Peace". The first official civilian victim of
8611-448: The league as a probational franchise, or a semi-pro outdoor team to fill holes in a schedule. Many college football teams, particularly larger organizations, play a public intramural exhibition game in the spring mainly to promote the team and give new recruits an early chance at public game action. Many of these intramural games are nationally televised, though not to the same level of prominence as intercollegiate play. In college sports
8720-568: The league has scheduled NBA Africa Games with players of direct African descent against players from the rest of the league; the NBA has also played against teams in Australia's National Basketball League . In the 2006 and 2007 seasons, the NBA and the primary European club competition, the Euroleague , conducted a preseason tournament featuring two NBA teams and the finalists from that year's Euroleague. In
8829-668: The match. He was recalled to the national team in October 2019 for a CONCACAF Nations League match against the United States . On January 10, 2020, he made his debut and scored his first goal against Barbados . When he was a toddler, Didić and his family emigrated to Canada in the wake of the Bosnian War , eventually settling in Edmonton , Alberta. Individual Zenica Zenica ( / ˈ z ɛ n ɪ t s ə / ZEN -it-sə ; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic : Зеница ; Serbo-Croatian pronunciation: [zěnitsa] )
8938-487: The middle part of the Bosna river stream—where Zenica Field is located. They formed tribal communities and were organized into a tribal ruling unit called a "župa" (parish). After their invasions, almost one century was needed for the first Slavic countries to form. The history of medieval Zenica is not well recorded. There is but a single item of evidence from 1244 about Croatian-Hungarian king Béla IV 's charter. According to
9047-564: The name Arduba. Recent (August 2019 ) international archaeological research, conducted by the Vienna ( Institute for Oriental and European Archaeology [ de ] ), Zenica (Zenica museum), and students and scientists from Sarajevo, using modern technology, shows that settlements with people and animals existed near Zenica over 3,100 years ago. Skeletons of pigs, cattle, and goats were found in Kopilo, an elevated place (600 m a.s.l.), indicating
9156-446: The origins of name Zenica. According to orally transmitted tradition, the city was named after the pupil of the eye (Ekavian Serbo-Croatian : zenica – pupil). There is also a legend that Zenica's name is derived from when Queen Katarina Kosača Kotromanić , who was leaving Bobovac during the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia in 1463, said "My pupil is left behind!" ( Serbo-Croatian : Osta moja z[j]enica! ). Because of its location in
9265-469: The place date from the period 3000–2000 BC; they were found in the localities of Drivuša and Gradišće . Zenica's current name was first mentioned in 1415. A medieval church has been unearthed in Zenica, as well as the Franciscan Monastery of St. Mary. The independence of Medieval Bosnia is directly connected to Zenica (Gradješa's plate and abjuration act ; Kulin ban 's time; Vranduk , a castle of
9374-412: The player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. Exhibition games often serve as "warm-up matches", particularly in many team sports where these games help coaches and managers select and condition players, before the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for
9483-558: The players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, to commemorate an anniversary or a famous player, or to raise money for charities . Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be
9592-425: The purpose of helping coaches narrow down the roster from the offseason limit of 90 players to the regular season limit of 53 players. While the scheduling formula is not as rigid for preseason games as they are for the regular season, there are numerous restrictions and traditions that limit the choices of preseason opponents; teams are also restricted on what days and times they can play these games. Split-squad games,
9701-575: The regular season, but worries of injuries to players, along with travel issues, have made this very rare. Exhibitions between inter-city teams in different leagues, like Chicago's Crosstown Classic and New York's Subway Series which used to be played solely as exhibitions for bragging rights are now blended into interleague play. The annual MLB All-Star Game , played in July between players from AL teams and players from NL teams, had long been considered an exhibition match, though between 2003 and 2016 this status
9810-445: The river Bosna. In both eastern and western directions, the altitudes increase and thus, the northwestern and northeastern areas of the city are the highest. Zenica is characterized by many small rivers and streams; all of them flow into the Bosna river basin. The Bosna is the most important body of flowing water in the Zenica area. It springs from Ilidža , near Sarajevo, and flows into the river Sava , near Bosanski Šamac . Thus,
9919-460: The river has a natural south–north flow. Out of a total length of 274 km (170 mi), 47.95 km (29.79 mi) of the river is in the city, and most residences are built alongside it, as are roads and railways. Apart from the Bosna, the rivers Lašva , Babina , and Kočeva also flow through Zenica. Within the municipality, a moderate continental climate prevails. Summers are hot and winters moderately cold. The mean annual temperature
10028-473: The rule, Zenica became part of Brod kadiluk in the newly formed Sanjak of Bosnia . Nahya of Zenica was first mentioned in 1485. It bore that name until the end of the 18th century and later became Zenica srez . During Ottoman rule (1463–1878), the change of direction in the main trade route in turn changed the city and, except for a short period when it was a seat of the Brod judge Qadii (until 1557), Zenica
10137-629: The season opener against York United FC . Didić represented the Canadian Interuniversity Sport team at the Universiade in South Korea in 2015. In March 2017, Didić received his first Canadian youth national team call-up for an under-23 tournament in Qatar. In September of that year, he also received his first senior team call-up for a friendly against Jamaica , but did not appear in
10246-772: The season. Both events carry a hefty purse of over US$ 1,000,000. NASCAR has also held exhibition races at Suzuka Circuit and Twin Ring Motegi in Japan and Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia. Other historical examples of non-championship races include the Marlboro Challenge in IndyCar racing and the TOCA Touring Car Shootout in the British Touring Car Championship . Until the mid-1980s there were also
10355-570: The time of the Illyrians . Toponyms of their "gradinas" demonstrate this: Gradišće , Gračanica, Gradac. A specific locality, Gradina, in Kopilo village, indicates that Zenica and its surrounding areas hosted organized human life around 2000 BC. There is a weak question of the presence of the Illyrian Old-Balkan tribe of Daesitiates in the Zenica region. The Daesitiates are a result of ethno-social development of early human life in prehistory;
10464-413: The tournament proper, and also allow them to assess the abilities of players they may potentially select for the tournament squad. Players can be booked in international friendlies, and can be suspended from future international matches based on red cards or accumulated yellows in a specified period. Caps and goals scored also count towards a player's career records. The results can play a part in affecting
10573-518: The town of Zenica, today known as Bilino polje. The same place is mentioned in another document, dated 8 April 1203; it records a group of Bogomil chiefs who renounced paternalism before Innocent III 's court chaplain John of Casamaris. Bogomilism's presence in the Zenica area and its status as a seat of the Bogomil Church is supported not only by written documents but also by headstones that illuminate
10682-604: The transition period from the Bronze to the Iron Age resulted with Daesitiates emerging at the Lašva – Drina river belt. The Daesitiates confronted the Romans in 34 BC; the Romans did not make a long-lasting triumph, and the Illyrians were defeated in the city of Arduba , which was burnt down in 6–9 A.C. This is how the royal city of Vranduk probably existed in the time of the Illyrians, under
10791-409: The urban settlement of Odmut and the rural settlements of Putovići and Tišina, archaeologists have found epigraphs that have led them to conclude that Bistua Nuova was in the Zenica area. An important road towards Salona (Solin), Argentarium ( Srebrenica ), and Sirmium ( Srijemska Mitrovica ) also passed through Bistua Nuova. Barbarian invasions from the north (mainly Germans at the end of
10900-467: The war as well as unfavourable economic circumstances, prompting young and middle-aged residents to emigrate to other parts of Europe and the United States. In 2014, Zenica—as well as other cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina—witnessed violent citizen protests . Various buildings were attacked and demolished, tens of people were taken to the hospital, and several officials resigned. The same year, Zenica
11009-495: The weekend of inductions to the Baseball Hall of Fame , was also ended in 2008 due to interleague play and teams playing only substitutes. National Basketball Association teams usually play eight preseason games per year, with the number rarely being lower than seven. Today, NBA teams almost always play each other in the preseason but often at neutral sites within their market areas in order to allow those who can not usually make
11118-441: Was a kasbah that included mosques, a madrasa , several maktabs , shadirvans , caravanserais , and other types of Islamic architecture. In one description from 1697, Zenica had 2,000 citizens, the majority of them Muslim. At the end of the 18th century, Orthodox and Catholic Christians are mentioned again, as are Jews in the 19th century. After the ruin and exodus following the intrusion of Eugene of Savoy in 1697,
11227-504: Was built, which enabled the introduction of electric public lighting. State schools were also opened, the first in 1885 and the second in 1910. Confessional schools also opened, both for Catholic and Orthodox churches, and lectures at these schools and at madrasas began to be conducted in the local language. Cultural societies were organized, such as the Croatian Singing Society, as well as hunting and mountaineering clubs. In 1910,
11336-404: Was eventually canceled). The league has tacitly forbidden the playing of non-league opponents, with the last interleague game having come in 1972 and the last game against a team other than an NFL team (the all-NFL rookie College All-Stars ) was held in 1976. Exhibition games are quite unpopular with many fans, who resent having to pay regular-season prices for two home exhibition games as part of
11445-472: Was named to the 2016 USL All-League First Team. In May 2017, after six games with Swope Park in 2017, Didić was signed by Sporting Kansas City for the remainder of the 2017 season , with options for 2018, 2019 and 2020. This made him the first Baker Wildcats soccer player to sign with an MLS club. He remained on loan with Swope Park for the remainder of the season. Upon conclusion of the 2017 season, Sporting KC announced they would exercise Didic's option for
11554-578: Was questioned because the league whose team won the All-Star game has been awarded home field advantage for the upcoming World Series (prior to 2003 the leagues alternated which one of them had home field advantage; starting in 2017 the team with the better regular season record would be given home field advantage). Another exhibition game, the Hall of Fame Game/Classic which was played in Cooperstown, New York on
11663-415: Was recategorized from a municipality to a city. In the 2016 Bosnian municipal elections , independent politician Fuad Kasumović became mayor of the city. During his three years in office, he accelerated development, focusing on areas that had been neglected up to that point: city lighting was introduced, water-supply and sewer systems were upgraded, roads were paved, and bicycle lanes were introduced on
11772-402: Was signed by United Soccer League side Swope Park Rangers on March 2, 2016. In August 2016, Sporting Kansas City announced that they had signed Didić on a short-term loan, to play in the 2016-17 CONCACAF Champions League against Central FC . Didić made his first team debut on August 16, 2016 in the competition. After receiving rave reviews in his first season with Swope Park Rangers, Didić
11881-647: Was −6.4 °C (20.5 °F), in January 1964; the minimal, −23.9 °C (−11.0 °F), was in January 1963. The highest mean monthly temperature, 23.8 °C (74.8 °F), was registered in August 2003; the highest daily, 42.6 °C (108.7 °F), was in August 2024. Relative air humidity is 70% and cloudiness 6.1 tenths. Air pressure is 976.3 millibars. Zenica has one meteorological station, founded in 1925 and located at an elevation of 344 m (1,129 ft) above sea level. Zenica's industry has polluted and damaged
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