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43-656: Ambler may refer to: Places in the United States [ edit ] Ambler, Alaska , a city Ambler, Pennsylvania , an unincorporated community in Montgomery County , Pennsylvania , which includes the Borough of Ambler Ambler River , Alaska, a tributary of the Kobuk River Transportation-related [ edit ] Ambler Airport , Alaska,

86-608: A 211 miles (340 km) road from the Dalton Highway to the Ambler region. Cash employment is limited to the school, City, clinic, and local stores, and some mining occurs. Five residents hold commercial fishing permits. Subsistence is a major part of the local economy. Chum salmon and caribou are the most important food sources. Freshwater fish, moose, bear, and berries are also harvested. Birch baskets, fur pelts, and jade, quartz, bone and ivory carvings are sold in gift shops throughout

129-480: A female householder with no husband present, and 19.0% were non-families. 16.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.91 and the average family size was 4.33. In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 41.7% under the age of 18, 12.3% from 18 to 24, 22.7% from 25 to 44, 16.2% from 45 to 64, and 7.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

172-428: A flood of ice and water moves powerfully downstream. These annual spring break-up events have several important consequences. First, the river has deeply undercut and eroded banks, caused by large, fast-moving chunks of ice carving out the river's channel before it begins spilling out onto its floodplain, which averages between 1 and 6 miles (1.6 and 9.7 km) wide except at confluences with major tributaries. Second,

215-416: A high gradient to turn a newly forming Kobuk River into a fast-working sediment transport system. The river picked up glacial till from its upper reaches and transported it downstream until the gradient diminished. When the river encountered flatter ground, it deposited its sediment load resulting in the creation of broad, flat floodplains , alluvial fans , and meander bends through aggradation . After

258-570: A long time on its original floodplains to newer floodplains even further downstream. Further down in the Kobuk watershed, the river worked in concert with the wind to create one of the more famous landforms in Alaska: the Kobuk Dunes. These large sand dunes are the modern ancestor of alluvial deposits that became shaped and dominated by an exchange of aeolian and fluvial processes. In moister climates,

301-568: A state-owned, public-use airport Ambler station , a railroad station in Ambler, Pennsylvania Ambler's Texaco Gas Station , Dwight, Illinois, US People [ edit ] Ambler (surname) Other uses [ edit ] HMCS  Ambler  (Q11) , a Royal Canadian Navy armed yacht during the Second World War Village of Euclid, Ohio v. Ambler Realty Co. , US Supreme Court case A horse that can perform ambling gaits (also known as gaited horses, particularly in

344-559: Is at an altitude of 194 metres (636 ft) in the headwaters of the Kobuk River. Other surface water features within the basin include Lake Selby , Nutuvukti Lake, and Norutak Lake. Additionally, numerous small lakes and ponds occur in the lowlands along the river, some formed as detached oxbows of the meandering river and others formed where permafrost has melted and caused depressions. Flow records are available from USGS monitoring stations at Ambler and Kiana. Average annual flow for

387-446: Is controlled by yearly cycles of freeze and thaw, much like its surrounding landscape. For six months of the year, the river is largely still, frozen on top by a thick layer of ice. In the spring, warmer temperatures cause this ice to begin to melt. But the resulting process is not gradual. Rather, the pressure of melting ice from upstream builds up upon ice "dams" in the river's channel, eventually causing an "ice break-up" event, in which

430-479: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ambler, Alaska Ambler ( Inupiaq : Ivisaappaat , IPA: [ivisaːpːaːt] ) is a city in Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska , United States. At the 2010 census the population was 258, down from 309 in 2000. The city is located in the large Iñupiaq language speaking region of Alaska, and

473-409: Is ice-covered for an average of six months of the year and in general, late October to late May is a period of relatively low flow. Annually, the hydrograph reflects two flood peaks: the first is associated with spring break-up and the second, a lesser peak, is associated with late summer precipitation. As the snowpack begins to melt toward the end of May, flow in the Kobuk River increases with most of

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516-459: Is land and 1.3 square miles (3.4 km ) of it (11.91%) is water. Ambler is located in the continental climate zone. Temperatures have ranged from 93F to -74F. The Kobuk River is navigable from early June to mid-October. Ambler has a subarctic climate with long, extremely cold winters and short, warm summers. Temperatures in the winter often drop below -40 °C/°F, just like most of interior Alaska , but it frequently gets mild spells where

559-639: Is located just north of the Arctic Circle and has a continental climate . The summers are short and warm, while winters are long and cold. The mean annual temperature in the middle and upper portions of the Kobuk Valley is -6 °C, and the mean temperature in July is 15 °C. An average of 21 inches (53 cm) of precipitation falls in the basin. However, actual precipitation can range from 15 to 40 inches (40–100 cm), with greater amounts falling in

602-494: Is presently considered the most severe environmental stress in the Kobuk River Basin and throughout Alaska. As a specific example, climate change will cause widespread thawing of permafrost in the discontinuous zone and significant changes in the continuous zone. Thawing permafrost can lead to a landscape of irregular depressions ( thermokarst ) due to subsiding soils. This can alter drainage patterns and even change

645-594: The Rodgers , who was carried to sea on the ice and lost in 1882. Lt. J. C. Cantwell , USRCS , also explored the river in 1884 and 1885 and spelled the name "Koowak" on his map and "Kowak" in his text. Ivan Petroff spelled the river name "Kooak" in 1880, and W. H. Dall spelled it "Kowk" in 1870. Lt. H. T. Allen, US Army, transcribed the Koyukon Indian name for the river in 1885, which he spelled "Holooatna" and "Holoatna." Native peoples have hunted, fished, and lived along

688-478: The Hotham Inlet of Kotzebue Sound approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of the city of Kotzebue . The Kobuk's Inuit name, Kuuvak , means "great river". It was first transcribed by John Simpson in 1850 as "Kowuk". The river was explored by Lt. G. M. Stoney , USN , in 1883–1886, who wrote the name "Ku-buck" but proposed that it be called "Putnam" in honor of Master Charles Putnam , USN, an officer of

731-644: The Kallarichuk , Kaliguricheark , and Adillik rivers. All of their headwaters are in the Baird Mountains . The major tributaries flowing north from the Waring Mountains are the Pah River , Pick River , and Niaktuvik Creek . The Pah River drains a lowland area of the basin. Most major tributaries draining high-relief areas have higher unit runoff than tributaries draining the lower-relief areas. Walker Lake

774-504: The poverty line , including 15.6% of those under the age of 18 and 22.2% of those 65 or over. The Ambler School, operated by the Northwest Arctic Borough School District , serves the community. As of 2017 it had 7 teachers and 69 students, with Alaska Natives making up 94% of the student body. Tribal Court: PO Box 47 Ambler, AK 99786 (907) 445-2238 FAX (907) 445-2257 Kobuk River Topography along

817-450: The Kobuk River at Ambler ranged from 5,839 cubic feet per second (165.3 m /s) to 14,890 cubic feet per second (422 m /s) over the period of record from 1966 to 1978, with peak discharge ranging between 30,000 cubic feet per second (850 m /s) and 95,000 cubic feet per second (2,700 m /s). Near Kiana, average annual flow ranged from 10,020 cubic feet per second (284 m /s) to 24,960 cubic feet per second (707 m /s) for

860-628: The Kobuk River valley as winter range . It is commonly assumed that the Kobuk River issues from Walker Lake , but the headwaters of the river are actually to the east of Walker Lake in the Endicott Mountains within Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve , just north of the Arctic Circle . The river flows briefly south, descending from the mountains through two spectacular canyons (Upper and Lower Kobuk Canyon), then generally west along

903-468: The Kobuk River, which was named for Dr. James M. Ambler , who died of starvation after his ship was trapped in the Arctic ice in 1881. Ambler was permanently settled in 1958 when people from Shungnak and Kobuk moved downstream because of the variety of fish, wild game and spruce trees in the area. An archaeological site is located nearby at Onion Portage . A post office was established in 1963 First Post Master

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946-514: The Kobuk for at least 12,500 years and it has long been an important transportation route for inland peoples. In 1898, the river was the scene of a brief gold rush called the Kobuk River Stampede , which involved about 2,000 prospectors in total. Hearing of gold along the Kobuk and its tributaries, miners set out from Seattle and San Francisco on ships to reach the mouth of the Kobuk. Upon arrival they were informed by native people that it

989-482: The U.S.) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Ambler . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ambler&oldid=1187378611 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1032-648: The accompanying figure. The Kobuk River is a periglacial river, fed by a remnant glacial lake (Walker Lake) and mountain snowmelt in the Brooks Range . It cuts a channel through a landscape otherwise dominated by permafrost . The Kobuk's current form and structure is a direct result of several stages of erosion and channel formation following the last glacial retreat. As the glacier first retreated and melted, large amounts of highly erodible, fine-grained sediment dropped out in relatively high mountain valleys. The availability of this fine-grained, loose sediment combined with

1075-658: The city to other parts of the state. Ambler Airport , a State-owned 3,000' long by 60' wide lighted gravel airstrip, with a 2,400' long by 60' wide gravel crosswind airstrip, is located one and a half miles from the city. Bering Air , Hageland Aviation , and Ambler Air offer passenger flight service. In addition, daily scheduled services are provided out of Kotzebue, and air taxis provide charter flights. The airstrip has recently undergone major improvements. Boats are used for inter-village travel and subsistence activities. ATVs and snowmachines are commonly used in winter. In connection with plans to start mining, there are plans to build

1118-404: The course of streams, whereas other areas could become swamp-like. In addition, slope stability will decrease and permafrost degradation could lead to erosion of river banks resulting in an increase in sediment transport by the rivers. These physical changes will impact nutrient cycling and biological processes within the basin as well. Permafrost regions along the Kobuk River are shown in

1161-405: The first stage of aggradation and sediment transport, the Kobuk began a new phase of erosion and landform development. The river exhausted its supply of easily erodible sediment upstream, thus decreasing its sediment load and increasing its load carrying capacity downstream. With more capacity downstream, the river began to incise into the alluvial fan it previously created, moving sediment stored for

1204-560: The frozen ground. These characteristics also translate into a relatively variable habitat for the Kobuk's native species. Farthest west, the Kobuk empties into Hotham Inlet, the easterly arm of Kotzebue Sound . During recent geologic times, however, when sea level was lower, the Noatak , Kobuk, and Selawik Rivers were joined. Now, they have separate deltas with many lakes and swamps and intricately webbed channel systems. The deltas are composed primarily of silt, sand, and gravel. The Kobuk River

1247-579: The local dialect is known as the Ambler dialect (related to the Shugnak dialect). As of 1999 , over 91% of the community speaks and understands the language (Kraus, 1999), with many young children actively learning the language in school. It has important relationships with the "hub" city of Kotzebue, Alaska and has important relationships with Maniilaq Health Association. Ambler is located at 67°05′06″N 157°51′37″W  /  67.085000°N 157.860331°W  / 67.085000; -157.860331 , on

1290-692: The north bank of the Kobuk River, near the confluence of the Ambler and the Kobuk Rivers. It lies 45 miles north of the Arctic Circle. It is 138 miles northeast of Kotzebue, 30 miles northwest of Kobuk and 30 miles downriver from Shungnak. Ambler is located in the Kotzebue Recording District. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.8 square miles (28 km ). 9.5 square miles (25 km ) of it

1333-420: The river has more water and thus more power, and cuts down through a sandy bed. In times of drier climate, wind dominates and blows a lot of sediment into a weaker fluvial system, leading to aggradation and floodplain re-distribution. Currently, the Kobuk River in its middle and lower reaches is an anastomosing stream, with several braided channels in places, wide migrating meander bends, and oxbow lakes . It

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1376-412: The river includes low, rolling mountains, plains and lowlands, moderately high rugged mountainous land, and some gently sloped plateaus and highlands . The river contains an exceptional population of sheefish ( Stenodus Nelma ), a large predatory whitefish within the salmon family , which spawns in the river's upper reaches during the autumn. A portion of the vast Western Arctic caribou herd utilize

1419-502: The river moves laterally very quickly and dramatically, re-inventing side channels every year as its secondary streams become drowned in each yearly flood by an overwhelming amount of sediment. Lastly, since the river is surrounded mostly by permafrost and because during the spring break-up event there are still large parts of frozen ground close to its banks, floods often transport large amounts of fine sediment across broad expanses of floodplain in thin sheets of water that slide easily across

1462-627: The runoff occurring during June. Flow during the summer (July through September) is dominated by variable precipitation events. Most of the major tributaries of the Kobuk River flow from the north, draining the mountains in the southern Brooks Range . From east to west, these include the Reed River , Beaver Creek, Mauneluk River , Kogoluktuk River , Shungnak River , Ambler River , Akillik River , Tutuksuk River , Salmon River , and Squirrel River . Within Kobuk Valley National Park are

1505-620: The southern flank of the western Brooks Range in a broad wetlands valley. In the valley it passes a connected community of inland native villages, including Kobuk, Shungnak, and Ambler, where it receives the Ambler River . In the river's lower reaches, where it passes between the Baird Mountains and Waring Mountains, it traverses Kobuk Valley National Park , the location of the 25 square miles (65 km ) Kobuk Sand Dunes. It then passes Kiana , entering its broad delta approximately 10 miles (16 km) southwest of town. The Kobuk empties into

1548-409: The state. The community is interested in developing a lapidary facility for local artisans. There are plans to start mining in the region. There are large deposits. Ambler first appeared on the 1960 U.S. Census as an unincorporated village. It formally incorporated in 1971. As of the census of 2000, there were 309 people, 79 households, and 63 families residing in the city. The population density

1591-535: The temperatures stay above 10 °F (-12 °C) for several days in a row because of the relative closeness to the Pacific Ocean. It occasionally gets above freezing in winter, even in January, although it is not very common. Places further East like Fairbanks and Fort Yukon , for comparison, are usually lightly affected by the mild Pacific air. Ambler is also wetter because of this. Summers are quite variable too, as

1634-444: The upper reaches of the river basin. The Kobuk River Basin is very sensitive to changes in climate. Arctic climates have warmed at approximately twice the global rate in the last several decades. Records of air temperature from 1961 to 1990 logged at the latitudes of the Kobuk River show a warming trend of about 1.4 °F (0.78 °C) per decade. The warming has been strongest in the winter and spring months. Climate change

1677-407: The weather alternates between warm days and cooler days. The highest temperature of any given year is about 80 °F (26 °C) and occasionally above 86 °F (30 °C), occurring as recently as June 18 and 19, 2013 with a maximum temperature of 90 °F (32 °C) recorded on both days. Below is a table containing data for the period 1981-1992: The community was named for a tributary of

1720-411: Was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 43,500, and the median income for a family was $ 43,571. Males had a median income of $ 30,625 versus $ 36,875 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 13,712. About 19.0% of families and 14.3% of the population were below

1763-439: Was 32.6 inhabitants per square mile (12.6/km ). There were 98 housing units at an average density of 10.4 per square mile (4.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 12.94% White , 0.32% Black or African American , 84.79% Native American , and 1.94% from two or more races. There were 79 households, out of which 54.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.6% were married couples living together, 25.3% had

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1806-485: Was Sarah Tickett. The city was incorporated in 1971. The story of the prophet Maniilaq states that he predicted in the future a great whale would swim upriver and arrive at Ambler. Founding fathers were Harry Tickett, Truman Cleveland, Nelson Greist Sr, Mark Cleveland, Tommy Lee, Charlie Douglas and Tommy Douglas. Current 2023 Ambler IRA President Miles Cleveland Sr. Ambler's major means of transportation are by plane, small boat and snowmachine. There are no roads linking

1849-618: Was a scam, and only about 800 traveled upriver. The result was that little or no gold was found, and only on a few tributaries of the river. In 1980 the United States Congress designated 110 miles (177 km) of the river downstream from Walker Lake as the Kobuk Wild and Scenic River, part of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System . The river is considered an outstanding destination for recreational floating. The Kobuk River Basin

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