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13-639: He was born in Savigné-l'Évêque ( Sarthe region, France ). After studying law in Paris, Lavallée became the director of various companies such as the Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans . He also became a businessman in the region of Nantes , working for ten years with his brother-in-law who was a shipowner of the merchant vessel Bourgault Ducoudray . After moving to Paris in 1827 where he moved with his wife and his one-year-old daughter, Amazilli, Lavallée became

26-519: A shareholder of the Le Globe , a liberal opposition newspaper with Saint-Simonian roots. Two years later, Lavallée decides to create a new school of engineering for the emerging industrial sector in France, at a time where all the leading institutions were essentially training engineers for public administration. He founded in 1829 the prominent École centrale des arts et manufactures in Paris, also known as

39-548: Is a department of the French region of Pays de la Loire , and the province of Maine , situated in the Grand-Ouest of the country. It is named after the river Sarthe , which flows from east of Le Mans to just north of Angers . It had a population of 566,412 in 2019. In the late 18th century, before it was officially Sarthe, the nobility built their mansions and chateaux in this region, as an escape from Paris. The department

52-488: Is bordered by the departments of Orne , Eure-et-Loir , Loir-et-Cher , Indre-et-Loire , Maine-et-Loire and Mayenne . The arrival of the railways in 1854 boosted trade for the local economy. A TGV connection was constructed in 1989, connecting the community to high-speed transport. In terms of road connections, the A11 autoroute , which was constructed to Le Mans from the east in 1978, enhances Sarthe's strategic position as

65-533: Is the only department of Normandy not to border the English Channel . The largest town by a considerable margin is the prefecture , Alençon , which is an administrative and commercial centre for what is still an overwhelmingly rural department. There are no large industrial centres, and agriculture remains the economic focus. The inhabitants of the department are called Ornais . The recorded population level peaked at 443,688 in 1836. Declining farm incomes and

78-800: The Musée Picasso . His son, Pierre Alphonse Martin Lavallée (1836–1884), created an arboretum in the park of the Château de Segrez in Saint-Sulpice-de-Favières ( Essonne ), which was one of the biggest in Europe at the time. He died in Paris on May 15, 1873 at the age of 75 and is buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery . Sarthe Sarthe ( French pronunciation: [saʁt] )

91-522: The École Centrale Paris , with the help of three scientists: the chemist Jean-Baptiste Dumas , the physicist Jean Claude Eugène Péclet and the mathematician Théodore Olivier . Lavallée provided most of the funds with his private capital to establish the school and became its first president ( directeur ). The first location of the school was the Hôtel de Juigné building in the Marais district, which has now become

104-567: The Theater of Aubigné-Racan , both located on the outskirts of Anjou , Maine , and Touraine . Marin Mersenne , perhaps the most important scientific figure in the early 17th century, was born in the vicinity of Sarthe. The department of Sarthe is at the north end of the administrative region of Pays de la Loire . It is south of Normandy and on the southern edge of the Armorican Massif . It

117-479: The gateway to the French west. The most populous commune is Le Mans , the prefecture. Approximately 370,000 people, comprising 65% of the department's population, live in the Le Mans urban area . The rest of the department retains a rural character, with agriculture as the chief part of the economy. As of 2019, there are 4 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants: Population development since 1801: The department

130-443: The lure of better prospects in the overseas empire led to a sustained reduction in population levels in many rural departments. By the time of the 1936 census, the recorded population stood at just 269,331. Once motor car ownership started to surge in the 1960s, employment opportunities became less restricted and by 1982, the population level had recovered a little to 295,000, after which it slowly decreased. The most populous commune

143-522: The river Orne . It had a population of 279,942 in 2019. Orne is one of the original 83 départements created during the French Revolution , on 4 March 1790. It was created from parts of the former provinces of Normandy and Perche . It is the birthplace of Charlotte Corday , Girondist and the assassin of Jean-Paul Marat . Orne is in the region of Normandy neighbouring Eure , Eure-et-Loir , Sarthe , Manche , Mayenne , and Calvados . It

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156-407: Was created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790, pursuant to the law of 22 December 1789, starting from a part of the province of Maine . The latter was divided into two departments, Sarthe to the east and Mayenne to the west. In Roman times, this province contained the city of Mans , and many of its ruins are still standing. The Roman Thermal Bathhouse attracts many tourists, as does

169-537: Was the electoral base of former Prime Minister François Fillon , who since 2012 sits in the National Assembly of France for a constituency in central Paris. The president of the Departmental Council is Dominique Le Mèner , elected in 2015. Orne Orne ( French pronunciation: [ɔʁn] ; Norman : Ôrne or Orne ) is a département in the northwest of France , named after

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