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26-578: Sri Lanka Muslim Congress (SLMC) member Rishad Bathiudeen was elected as a United National Front (UNF) MP, of which the SLMC was a member, at the 2001 parliamentary election . He was re-elected in the 2004 parliamentary election . However, the UNF was defeated by the newly formed United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA) at the election. After the election, differences arose amongst the SLMC MPs as to whether they should join

52-635: A political party in order to prevent Muslim youth of the Eastern Province from joining the LTTE , which was then engaged in a civil war against the government: "I had retainers from the Eastern Courts and the late M.H.M. Ashraff at that time had a wide practice in the courts of law in the East. Hashim, a former teacher and Advocate from Akkaraipathu who first alerted me to the coming events. His own son had become

78-783: A supposed former abundance of lions on the island. According to the chronicle Mahāvaṃsa , written in Pali, Prince Vijaya of the Vanga Kingdom and his entourage merged in Sri Lanka with later settlers from the Pandya kingdom . In the following centuries, there was substantial immigration from Eastern India, including additional migration from the Vanga Kingdom (Bengal), as well as Kalinga and Magadha . This influx led to an admixture of features of Eastern Prakrits. The development of Sinhala

104-653: A Dravidian origin for this word. ), dola for pig in Vedda and offering in Sinhala. Other common words are rera for wild duck, and gala for stones (in toponyms used throughout the island, although others have also suggested a Dravidian origin). There are also high frequency words denoting body parts in Sinhala, such as olluva for head, kakula for leg, bella for neck and kalava for thighs, that are derived from pre-Sinhalese languages of Sri Lanka. The oldest Sinhala grammar, Sidatsan̆garavā , written in

130-722: A period of prior bilingualism: "The earliest type of contact in Sri Lanka, not considering the aboriginal Vedda languages, was that which occurred between South Dravidian and Sinhala. It seems plausible to assume prolonged contact between these two populations as well as a high degree of bilingualism. This explains why Sinhala looks deeply South Dravidian for an Indo-Aryan language. There is corroboration in genetic findings." In addition to many Tamil loanwords , several phonetic and grammatical features also present in neighbouring Dravidian languages set modern spoken Sinhala apart from its Northern Indo-Aryan relatives. These features are evidence of close interactions with Dravidian speakers. Some of

156-473: Is a conspicuous example of the linguistic phenomenon known as diglossia . Sinhala ( Siṁhala ) is a Sanskrit term; the corresponding Middle Indo-Aryan ( Eḷu ) word is Sīhala . The name is a derivative of [[[:wikt:सिंह|siṁha]]] Error: {{Transliteration}}: transliteration text not Latin script ( help ) , the Sanskrit word for 'lion'. The name is sometimes glossed as 'abode of lions', and attributed to

182-508: Is a political party in Sri Lanka . Presently led by Rauff Hakeem , it is currently the largest party representing the Muslim community of Sri Lanka . The party was formed at a meeting held at Kattankudy in 1981 by a small study group of local Eastern Province political leaders. The group was pioneered by Congress Leader, M. H. M. Ashraff . According to M. M. Zuhair , the SLMC was later formed as

208-584: Is an Indo-Aryan language primarily spoken by the Sinhalese people of Sri Lanka , who make up the largest ethnic group on the island, numbering about 16 million. Sinhala is also spoken as the first language by other ethnic groups in Sri Lanka, totalling about 2 million speakers as of 2001. It is written using the Sinhala script , which is a Brahmic script closely related to the Grantha script of South India. Sinhala

234-479: Is divided into four epochs: The most important phonetic developments of Sinhala include: According to Wilhelm Geiger , an example of a possible Western feature in Sinhala is the retention of initial /v/ which developed into /b/ in the Eastern languages (e.g. Sanskrit viṁśati "twenty", Sinhala visi- , Hindi bīs ). This is disputed by Muhammad Shahidullah who says that Sinhala Prakrit branched off from

260-412: Is one of the official and national languages of Sri Lanka, alongside Tamil . Along with Pali , it played a major role in the development of Theravada Buddhist literature. Early forms of the Sinhala language are attested as early as the 3rd century BCE. The language of these inscriptions, still retaining long vowels and aspirated consonants, is a Prakrit similar to Magadhi , a regional associate of

286-700: The Middle Indian Prakrits that had been used during the time of the Buddha . The most closely related languages are the Vedda language (an endangered, indigenous creole still spoken by a minority of Sri Lankans, mixing Sinhala with an isolate of unknown origin and from which Old Sinhala borrowed various aspects into its main Indo-Aryan substrate), and the Maldivian language . It has two main varieties, written and spoken, and

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312-514: The Supreme Court announced that it had reserved judgement on the case. On 30 October 2004, Abdul Majeed and Badhiutheen, together with another dissident SLMC MP, Ameer Ali , were appointed non-cabinet ministers in the UPFA government . Abdul Majeed, Ali and Badhiutheen were expelled from the SLMC on 23 March 2005 for accepting the ministerial positions. Another legal battle ensued and on 1 July 2005

338-576: The UNESCO National Commission of Ceylon According to Wilhelm Geiger , Sinhala has features that set it apart from other Indo-Aryan languages. Some of the differences can be explained by the substrate influence of the parent stock of the Vedda language . Sinhala has many words that are only found in Sinhala, or shared between Sinhala and Vedda and not etymologically derivable from Middle or Old Indo-Aryan. Possible examples include kola for leaf in Sinhala and Vedda (although others suggest

364-558: The presidential election . Ali was appointed as a UPFA National List MP in Parliament in December 2014. The ACMC left the UPFA on 22 December 2014 to support Sirisena at the presidential election. Hisbullah however remained in the UPFA to support President Mahinda Rajapaksa . Rajapaksa dismissed Badhiutheen from the cabinet. After the presidential election newly elected President Sirisena rewarded

390-464: The 13th century CE, recognised a category of words that exclusively belonged to early Sinhala. The grammar lists naram̆ba (to see) and koḷom̆ba (fort or harbour) as belonging to an indigenous source. Koḷom̆ba is the source of the name of the commercial capital Colombo . The consistent left branching syntax and the loss of aspirated stops in Sinhala is attributed to a probable South Dravidian substratum effect. This has been explained by

416-611: The ACMC by appointing Badhiutheen to the cabinet and Ali as a deputy minister. In July 2015 the ACMC joined with other anti-Rajapaksa parties to form the United National Front for Good Governance (UNFGG) to contest the parliamentary election . Contesting on its own in one electoral district , Ampara District , the ACMC received 33,102 votes (0.30%), but failed to win any seats in Parliament . The ACMC did however secure five seats under

442-642: The Area Leader of the LTTE for Akkaraipathu. He was angry he could not stop his own son from joining the armed group. There were several other young Muslims who were joining the LTTE in numbers. They had lost confidence in both the UNP and the SLFP, and that was why they were joining the Tamils fighting for autonomy, he told me, and if this is not stopped, this would spell great danger, more for

468-700: The Eastern Prakrits prior to this change. He cites the edicts of Ashoka , no copy of which shows this sound change. An example of an Eastern feature is the ending -e for masculine nominative singular (instead of Western -o ) in Sinhalese Prakrit. There are several cases of vocabulary doublets , one example being the words mæssā ("fly") and mækkā ("flea"), which both correspond to Sanskrit makṣikā but stem from two regionally different Prakrit words macchiā (Western Prakrits) and makkhikā (as in Eastern Prakrits like Pali ). In 1815,

494-538: The LTTE." According to their official website, the SLMC is a political party that is totally focused on giving voice to the Muslim minority of Sri Lanka, which makes up 8% of the island's population. The party is centered around Muslim community interests, but is committed to foster multiracial amity and collective prosperity for all Sri Lankan citizens. It firmly believes that Sri Lankan Muslims can be equal partners in Sri Lanka's path to economic development and improvement in

520-511: The Muslims outside the North-East. I spoke to Ashraff, I told him, the time has come for us to address this growing danger of Muslim boys joining the LTTE. He understood the repercussions and the likely fall-out. He was ready to give up his lucrative practice and form a Muslim Party, as the only way to arrest all possible damages. Ashraff said a Muslim party was the only answer to prevent Muslims joining

546-608: The Supreme Court ruled that the three MPs expulsion from the SLMC was invalid. The dissident SLMC MPs founded a new political party, the All Ceylon Muslim Congress (ACMC), later in 2005. In January 2007 Badhiutheen was promoted to the cabinet whilst Bhaila became a deputy minister; Abdul Majeed and Ali remained non-cabinet ministers. Abdul Majeed rejoined the Sri Lanka Freedom Party in 2007. Contesting under

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572-495: The UNFGG - Ali, Badhiutheen, Abdul Rahuman Izak, M. A. M. Maharoof and M. H. M. Navavi . Badhiutheen and Ali remained cabinet and deputy ministers respectively after the election. Sri Lanka Muslim Congress The Sri Lanka Muslim Congress ( Tamil : சிறீலங்கா முஸ்லீம் காங்கிரஸ் , romanized:  Śrīlaṅkā Muslim Kāṅkiras ; Sinhala : ශ්‍රී ලංකා මුස්ලිම් කොංග්‍රසය , romanized:  Śrī Lankā Muslim Kongrasaya )

598-531: The UPFA government. SLMC MP Hussein Ahamed Bhaila defected to the UPFA on 18 May 2004. The SLMC suspended three MPs; M. N. Abdul Majeed , Rishad Bathiudeen and Bhaila; over their opposition to the leadership of Rauff Hakeem . The SLMC began disciplinary proceedings against the three MPs and party activist M. Inamullah. The quartet were expelled from the SLMC on 30 May 2004. The expelled MPs began legal proceedings to regain their SLMC membership, but on 30 July 2004

624-577: The UPPA, the ACMC secured three seats in Parliament — Badhiutheen, Hunais Farook and M. L. Alim Mohammad Hisbullah — at the 2010 parliamentary election . After the election Badhiutheen remained in the cabinet whilst Hisbullah became a deputy minister. The All Ceylon Muslim Congress was later renamed All Ceylon Makkal Congress (All Ceylon People's Congress). Farook left the UPFA and joined the opposition United National Party on 26 November 2014 in order to support common opposition candidate Maithripala Sirisena at

650-513: The general quality of life in Sri Lanka in the 21st century. This article about a Sri Lankan political party is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Sinhala language Sinhala ( / ˈ s ɪ n h ə l ə , ˈ s ɪ ŋ ə l ə / SIN -hə-lə, SING -ə-lə ; Sinhala: සිංහල , siṁhala , [ˈsiŋɦələ] ), sometimes called Sinhalese ( / ˌ s ɪ n ( h ) ə ˈ l iː z , ˌ s ɪ ŋ ( ɡ ) ə ˈ l iː z / SIN -(h)ə- LEEZ , SING -(g)ə- LEEZ ),

676-590: The island of Ceylon came under British rule . During the career of Christopher Reynolds as a Sinhalese lecturer at the School of African and Oriental Studies, University of London , he extensively researched the Sinhalese language and its pre-1815 literature. The Sri Lankan government awarded him the Sri Lanka Ranjana medal for his work. He wrote the 377-page An anthology of Sinhalese literature up to 1815 , selected by

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