57-449: Algonac ( / ˈ ɔː l ɡ ə ˌ n æ k / AWL -gə-nack ) is a city in St. Clair County of the U.S. state of Michigan . The population was 4,196 at the 2020 census . Incorporated as a village in 1867 and again as a city in 1967, Algonac is located at the southern end of the St. Clair River and contains a long boardwalk and riverfront park. Algonac State Park is located just north of
114-467: A British officer who purchased land on the St. Clair River at the mouth of the Pine River . In 1764, he built Fort Sinclair there, which was in use for nearly 20 years before being abandoned. As noted, the name was established before he was active in the area. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 837 square miles (2,170 km ), of which 721 square miles (1,870 km )
171-507: A combined question and a MENA category, while also collecting additional detail to enable data disaggregation. The OMB states, "many federal programs are put into effect based on the race data obtained from the decennial census (i.e., promoting equal employment opportunities; assessing racial disparities in health and environmental risks). Race data is also critical for the basic research behind many policy decisions. States require this data to meet legislative redistricting requirements. The data
228-592: A farming area. The economy was also based in lumbering, shipping, and trades associated with maritime activities on the Great Lakes . The village of Algonac was within Clay Township , although the two municipalities are administered autonomously since Algonac incorporated as a city in 1967. Algonac was the birthplace of Emily Helen Butterfield , an artist and the first woman to be licensed as an architect in Michigan. She
285-508: A male householder with no wife present, and 38.4% were non-families. 31.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.92. The median age in the city was 42.3 years. 21.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24% were from 25 to 44; 30.8% were from 45 to 64; and 15.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of
342-519: A person's origins considered in the census. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino." However, the practice of separating "race" and "ethnicity" as different categories has been criticized both by the American Anthropological Association and members of US Commission on Civil Rights . In 1997,
399-520: A race. Enumerators were instructed that all people born in Mexico, or whose parents were born in Mexico, should be listed as Mexicans, and not under any other racial category. In prior censuses and in 1940, enumerators were instructed to list Mexican Americans as white, perhaps because some of them were of white background (mainly Spanish), many others mixed white and Native American and some of them Native American. The supplemental American Indian questionnaire
456-616: A social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and, "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country". The OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the census to be not "scientific or anthropological", and takes into account "social and cultural characteristics as well as ancestry", using "appropriate scientific methodologies" that are not "primarily biological or genetic in reference." The race categories include both racial and national-origin groups. Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with
513-982: A sub-region of the Thumb. The 2010 United States census indicates St. Clair County had a 2010 population of 163,040. This is a decrease of -1,195 people from the 2000 United States census . Overall, the county had a -0.7% growth rate during this ten-year period. In 2010 there were 63,841 households and 44,238 families in the county. The population density was 226.1 per square mile (87.3 per square kilometer). There were 71,822 housing units at an average density of 99.6 per square mile (38.5 per square kilometer). 93.9% were White , 2.4% Black or African American , 0.5% Asian , 0.4% Native American , 0.7% of some other race and 2.0% of two or more races . 2.9% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race). 25.9% identified as of German , 10.2% Polish , 9.3% Irish , 8.5% English , 6.5% French , 6.5% American , and 5.1% Italian ancestry. There were 63,841 households, out of which 31.3% had children under
570-580: Is considered by the State of Michigan to be a part of The Thumb , a peninsula that is surrounded by Lake Huron in the east-central area of the state. This area is sometimes dubbed the Blue Water Area. French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle led an expedition to this area on August 12, 1679. They named the lake as Lac Sainte-Claire , because it was the feast day of Saint Clare of Assisi , whom they venerated. English mapmakers adopted
627-530: Is from the Indian subcontinent ) were counted as White. There was a questionnaire that was asked of only a sample of respondents. These questions were as follows: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person's origin or descent? Mexican Puerto Rican Cuban Central American Other Spanish No, none of these This year added several options to the race question, including Vietnamese, Indian (East), Guamanian, Samoan, and re-added Aleut. Again,
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#1732852198698684-526: Is home to five county parks: Columbus County Park, Fort Gratiot County Park, Fort Gratiot Light station, Goodells County Park, and Woodsong County Park. St. Clair County also operates the Wadhams to Avoca Trail and works with local units of government to develop the Bridge to Bay Trail. 42°56′N 82°40′W / 42.93°N 82.67°W / 42.93; -82.67 Latino (U.S. Census) In
741-548: Is land and 115 square miles (300 km ) (14%) is water. St. Clair County is one of five counties that form the peninsula, known as the Thumb , that projects into Lake Huron . St. Clair County is closely connected in terms of economy with its neighbors, Metro Detroit and Sanilac County in Michigan, and Lambton County across the river in Ontario , Canada. Saint Clair County is the principal county in The Blue Water Area ,
798-591: Is needed to monitor compliance with the Voting Rights Act by local jurisdictions". Data on ethnic groups are important for putting into effect a number of federal statutes (i.e., enforcing bilingual election rules under the Voting Rights Act and monitoring/enforcing equal employment opportunities under the Civil Rights Act ). Data on ethnic groups is also needed by local governments to run programs and meet legislative requirements (i.e., identifying segments of
855-594: The Northwest Territory , but it was established long before he was considered a notable figure. The earlier spelling of the lake's name may have been conflated with English practice and the name of the general, as several political jurisdictions near the lake and the river, such as St. Clair County, St. Clair Township , and the cities of St. Clair and St. Clair Shores , share this spelling (see List of Michigan county name etymologies ). The name has sometimes been mistakenly attributed to honoring Patrick Sinclair ,
912-836: The Secretary of State , directed US Marshals to collect data from all 13 original states, and from the Southwest Territory . The census was not conducted in Vermont until 1791, after that state's admission to the Union as the 14th state on March 4 of that year. Some doubt surrounded the numbers, as President George Washington and Thomas Jefferson maintained the population was undercounted. The potential reasons Washington and Jefferson may have thought this could be refusal to participate, poor public transportation and roads, spread-out population, and restraints of current technology. No microdata from
969-462: The U.S. state of Michigan and bordering the west bank of the St. Clair River . As of the 2020 census , the population was 160,383. It is the 13th-most populous county in the state. The county seat is Port Huron , located at the north end of the St. Clair River at Lake Huron . The county was created September 10, 1820, and its government was organized in 1821. It is located northeast of Detroit . It
1026-469: The US Constitution and applicable laws. The law required that every household be visited, that completed census schedules be posted in two of the most public places within each jurisdiction, remain for the inspection of all concerned, and that "the aggregate amount of each description of persons" for every district be transmitted to the president . The US Marshals were also responsible for governing
1083-584: The United States census , the US Census Bureau and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) define a set of self-identified categories of race and ethnicity chosen by residents, with which they most closely identify. Residents can indicate their origins alongside their race, and are asked specifically whether they are of Hispanic or Latino origin in a separate question. The racial categories represent
1140-417: The "Color or Race" question was slightly modified, removing the term "Mulatto". Also, there was an inclusion of an "Indian Population Schedule" in which "enumerators were instructed to use a special expanded questionnaire for American Indians living on reservations or in family groups off of reservations." This expanded version included the question "Fraction of person's lineage that is white." The 1910 census
1197-513: The 1790 population census are available, but aggregate data for small areas and their compatible cartographic boundary files, can be downloaded from the National Historical Geographic Information System . However, the categories of "Free white males" of 16 years and upward, including heads of families under 16 years, "Free white females", including heads of families, All other free persons, and "Slaves," existed in
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#17328521986981254-414: The 2000 and 2010 censuses. The following questions were asked of a sample of respondents for the 1990 census : The 1990 census was not designed to capture multiple racial responses, and when individuals marked the "other" race option and provided a multiple write-in. The response was assigned according to the race written first. "For example, a write-in of 'black-white' was assigned a code of 'black,' while
1311-587: The French name, identifying the lake feature as Saint Clare on maps dated as early as 1710. By the Mitchell Map of 1755, the spelling was given as St. Clair, which later became the current version in 1924. Located along the western shores of Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair River , the county was named for them by European-American settlers. The name is sometimes mistakenly attributed to honoring Arthur St. Clair , an American Revolutionary War general and governor of
1368-464: The OMB built on the 1997 guidelines and suggested the addition of a Middle Eastern or North African (MENA) racial category and considered combining racial and ethnic categories into one question. In March 2024, the Office of Management and Budget published revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity that included
1425-405: The OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. The OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the federal government ". The development of the data standards stem in large measure from new responsibilities to enforce civil rights laws. Among
1482-429: The Thumb . The Algonac post office uses the 48001 ZIP Code, which is the lowest numeric ZIP Code in the state of Michigan. As of the census of 2010, there were 4,110 people, 1,756 households, and 1,082 families living in the city. The population density was 2,874.1 inhabitants per square mile (1,109.7/km). There were 2,040 housing units at an average density of 1,426.6 per square mile (550.8/km). The racial makeup of
1539-463: The age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were opposite-sex families , 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.7% were non-families, and 25.5% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.01. In the county, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 30.1% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
1596-405: The average family size was 3.05. In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males. The median income for a household in the city
1653-418: The census form. In 1800 and 1810, the age question regarding free white males was more detailed with five cohorts and included All other free persons, except "Indians not taxed", and "Slaves". The 1820 census built on the questions asked in 1810 by asking age questions about slaves. Also the term "colored" entered the census nomenclature. In addition, a question stating "Number of foreigners not naturalized"
1710-418: The census. About one-third of the original census data has been lost or destroyed since documentation. The data was lost in 1790–1830, and included data from Connecticut , Delaware , Georgia , Maine , Maryland , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , New Jersey , New York , North Carolina , Pennsylvania , Rhode Island , South Carolina , Vermont , and Virginia . However, the census was proven factual and
1767-483: The changes, The OMB issued the instruction to "mark one or more races" after noting evidence of increasing numbers of mixed-race children and wanting to record diversity in a measurable way after having received requests by people who wanted to be able to acknowledge theirs and their children's full ancestry, rather than identifying with only one group. Prior to this decision, the census and other government data collections asked people to report singular races. As of 2023,
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1824-561: The city has a total area of 1.44 square miles (3.73 km), of which 1.43 square miles (3.70 km) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km) is water. Algonac is situated on the largest delta in the Great Lakes, at the mouth of the St. Clair River . As the city has many canals, it has been nicknamed "the Venice of Michigan". The city is located in the Blue Water Area , a sub-region of
1881-576: The city was 49.6% male and 50.4% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 4,613 people, 1,871 households, and 1,212 families living in the city. The population density was 3,291.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,270.9/km). There were 2,014 housing units at an average density of 1,437.1 per square mile (554.9/km). The racial makeup of the city was 97.36% White , 0.15% African American , 0.95% Native American , 0.20% Asian , 0.02% Pacific Islander , 0.17% from other races , and 1.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.02% of
1938-420: The city was 97.1% White , 0.3% African American , 0.7% Native American , 0.1% Asian , 0.1% from other races , and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population. There were 1,756 households, of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.8% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had
1995-476: The city. The city is also notable for the founding and headquarters of the now-defunct Chris-Craft Boats company. Long occupied by Native American tribes, Algonac was settled in 1805 by European American John Martin, in the newly-organized Michigan Territory . The area had been known by French colonists , the first Europeans to settle here, as Pointe Du Chêne ("oak point", because of local trees). The later British colonists called it Manchester. In 1836, it
2052-630: The decision and make sure the federal government treated Hispanics as white. The State Department, the Census Bureau, the Labor Department, and other government agencies therefore made sure to uniformly classify people of Mexican descent as white. This policy encouraged the League of United Latin American Citizens in its quest to minimize discrimination by asserting their whiteness. The 1940 census
2109-536: The design of the population questionnaire. Residents were still listed individually, but a new questionnaire sheet was used for each family. Additionally, this was the first year that the census distinguished among different Asian ethnic groups, such as Japanese and Chinese , due to increased immigration. This census also marked the beginning of the term "race" in the questionnaires. Enumerators were instructed to write "White", "Black", "Mulatto", " Quadroon ", "Octoroon", "Chinese", "Japanese", or " Indian ". During 1900,
2166-456: The existence of most of this data can be confirmed in many secondary sources pertaining to the first census. Census data included the name of the head of the family and categorized inhabitants as: free white males at least 16 years of age (to assess the country's industrial and military potential), free white males under 16 years of age, free white females, all other free persons (reported by sex and color), and slaves . Thomas Jefferson , then
2223-480: The free inhabitants schedule about color was a column that was to be left blank if a person were white, marked "B" if a person were black, and marked "M" if a person were mulatto . Slaves were listed by owner, and classified by gender and age, not individually, and the question about color was a column that was to be marked with a "B" if the slave were black and an "M" if mulatto. For 1890, the Census Office changed
2280-501: The maritime history of the city and township, with many displays of Chris-Craft boats and Gar Wood boats built there. Both museums are open every weekend from May through October. Algonac is known as the birthplace of modern power boating. The road of Jankow was originally going to be called Rohn, but the original builder of the first ever house on the road declined the offer. According to the United States Census Bureau ,
2337-652: The population who may not be receiving medical services under the Public Health Service Act ; evaluating whether financial institutions are meeting the credit needs of minority populations under the Community Reinvestment Act ). The 1790 United States census was the first census in the history of the United States. The population of the United States was recorded as 3,929,214 as of Census Day, August 2, 1790, as mandated by Article I, Section 2 of
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2394-410: The population. There were 1,871 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.2% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and
2451-451: The race of interracial persons. A person with both white and black ancestry (termed "blood") was to be recorded as "Negro", no matter the fraction of that lineage (the " one-drop rule "). A person of mixed black and American Indian ancestry was also to be recorded as "Neg" (for "Negro") unless they were considered to be "predominantly" American Indian and accepted as such within the community. A person with both white and American Indian ancestry
2508-507: The racial question, and also removed Hindu and Korean from the race choices. The 1960 census re-added the word "color" to the racial question, and changed "Indian" to "American Indian", as well as adding Hawaiian, Part-Hawaiian, Aleut, and Eskimo. The "Other (print out race)" option was removed. This year's census included "Negro or Black", re-added Korean and the Other race option. East Indians (the term used at that time for people whose ancestry
2565-431: The state in the provision of welfare and other social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget but has only limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions — police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance, etc. — are the responsibility of individual cities and townships. (information as of February 2023 ) St. Clair County
2622-427: The term "color" was removed from the racial question, and the following questions were asked of a sample of respondents: Questions on Spanish or Hispanic Origin or Descent Is this person of Spanish/Hispanic origin or descent? No, not Spanish/Hispanic Yes, Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano Yes, Puerto Rican Yes, Cuban Yes, other Spanish/Hispanic The racial categories in this year are as they appear in
2679-401: Was $ 22,390. About 10.4% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 22.7% of those under the age of 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over. The county government operates the jail , maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, keeps files of deeds and mortgages, maintains vital records , administers public health regulations, and participates with
2736-413: Was $ 42,133, and the median income for a family was $ 55,000. Males had a median income of $ 41,644 versus $ 25,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 22,441. About 8.6% of families and 9.4% of the population were below the poverty line , including 10.7% of those under age 18 and 15.2% of those age 65 or over. St. Clair County, Michigan St. Clair County is a county located in
2793-401: Was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.7 males. The 2010 American Community Survey 1-year estimate indicates the median income for a household in the county was $ 44,369 and the median income for a family was $ 53,207. Males had a median income of $ 30,056 versus $ 16,771 for females. The per capita income for the county
2850-443: Was back, but in abbreviated form. It featured a question asking if the person was of full or mixed American Indian ancestry. President Franklin D. Roosevelt promoted a Good Neighbor policy that sought better relations with Mexico. In 1935, a federal judge ruled that three Mexican immigrants were ineligible for citizenship because they were not white, as required by federal law. Mexico protested, and Roosevelt decided to circumvent
2907-406: Was famous for innovations in church architecture . It was the home of Chris-Craft boat company, the maker of the first mass-produced speedboats . It was also the home of Gar Wood , the first great speed boat racer. Algonac is home to two museums dedicated to its history. The Algonac Clay Community Museum contains many displays of Algonac's local history. The Algonac Clay Maritime museum displays
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#17328521986982964-423: Was included. In the 1830 census, a new question, which stated, "The number of White persons who were foreigners not naturalized" was included. The 1850 census had a dramatic shift in the way information about residents was collected. For the first time, free persons were listed individually instead of by head of household. Two questionnaires were used - one for free inhabitants and one for slaves. The question on
3021-421: Was similar to 1910, but excluded a separate schedule for American Indians. "Hin", "Kor", and "Fil" were also added to the "Color or Race" question, signifying Hindu (Asian Indian), Korean, and Filipino, respectively. The biggest change in this census was in racial classification. Enumerators were instructed to no longer use the "Mulatto" classification. Instead, they were given special instructions for reporting
3078-527: Was similar to that of 1900, but it included a reinsertion of "Mulatto" and a question about the "mother tongue" of foreign-born individuals and individuals with foreign-born parents. "Ot" was also added to signify "other races", with space for a race to be written in. This decade's version of the Indian Population Schedule featured questions asking the individual's proportion of white, black, or American Indian lineage. The 1920 census questionnaire
3135-415: Was the first to include separate population and housing questionnaires. The race category of "Mexican" was eliminated in 1940, and the population of Mexican descent was counted with the white population. 1940 census data was used for Japanese American internment . The Census Bureau's role was denied for decades, but was finally proven in 2007. The 1950 census questionnaire removed the word "color" from
3192-407: Was the fourth village laid out by Americans along the St. Clair River. Its present name was coined by Henry Schoolcraft and applied to the area in 1843. Most settlement did not occur until the mid-19th century and later. In 1863, the small community was described as containing "a church, two or three saw-mills , a grist-mill , woollen factory, and about 700 inhabitants". It served as the center of
3249-410: Was to be recorded as American Indian, unless their Indigenous ancestry was small, and they were accepted as white within the community. In all situations in which a person had white and some other racial ancestry, they were to be reported as that other race. People who had minority interracial ancestry were to be reported as the race of their father. For the first and only time, "Mexican" was listed as
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