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61-519: The Oerlikon / Martin Marietta air defense anti-tank system (US designation MIM-146 ADATS ) is a dual-purpose short range surface-to-air and anti-tank missile system based on the M113A2 vehicle. The ADATS missile is a laser-guided supersonic missile with a range of 10 kilometers (6.2 miles), with an electro-optical sensor with TV and forward looking infrared (FLIR). The carrying vehicle also has

122-459: A ceasefire was arranged in January 1941. Later that year, on 7 December, Thailand was invaded by Japan. The RTAF took an active role in the resistance. Combat Wings 1 and 5 engaged significantly more advanced Japanese aircraft over Thailand's eastern border, but suffered heavy losses, including almost 30 percent of Wing 5, before a cease-fire took effect the following day. The Air Force is commanded by

183-567: A dedicated anti-tank system without the radar, including a version mounted on a long articulating arm that could be elevated high above the vehicle to clear trees or terrain while the launch vehicle remained hidden. The ADATS entered service with the Canadian Army (in 1989) as a mobile, M113-based system. The first systems were deployed as part of Canada's NATO contribution in West-Germany. Thirty-six systems were delivered by 1994. The cost of

244-499: A desire to abandon the abstract company name "Unaxis" and bring back a well-established company name from the past. In 2006, the Russian oligarch Viktor Vekselberg acquired a substantial share in the company. At the annual general meeting in May 2006, a suggestion that "Oerlikon" – the name of the village where Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon was founded – be used as part of the company's name

305-632: A few operational sorties in the closing weeks of the war but suffered no casualties, nor scored any kills. Their training did mean that Siam entered the post-World War I period with one of the best equipped and trained air forces in Asia. In the 1930s the Royal Aeronautical Service began to replace French aircraft with American designs, purchasing more than 95 aircraft, including the Boeing P-12 E, Curtiss Hawks , and Vought Corsairs . The air force

366-434: A further 1 100 as a result of companies being sold off. A comprehensive restructuring of the group's finances was also necessary. Following lengthy negotiations, an agreement was reached with Oerlikon's main shareholder, Renova , and the lending banks, which was approved by the company's shareholders at the annual general meeting on May 18, 2010. The key points of the recapitalization were a reduction in equity capital through

427-504: A new manufacturing facility in Plymouth Township, Michigan . This facility will be used to produce materials for additive manufacturing and surface coatings. There will also be a research & development (R&D) lab for further developments of titanium and other alloys at this facility. In July 2018, Oerlikon announced that it had signed a definite agreement for the sale of its Drive Systems Segment to Dana Inc. The transaction

488-492: A number of modern bases which were constructed between 1954 and 1968, have permanent buildings and ground support equipment. All but one were built and used by United States forces until their withdrawal from Thailand in 1976 when the RTAF took over the installations at Takhli and Nakhon Ratchasima (Korat) . In the late 1980s, these bases and Don Muang Air Base outside Bangkok , which the air force shares with civil aviation, remain

549-419: A par value reduction from CHF 20 to CHF 1, followed by a capital increase with a subscription right offer and the issue of options for shareholders. CHF 125 million of the company's debts were erased and an old credit facility was replaced with a new contract for three tranches totaling CHF 1.48 billion. The recapitalization resulted in a reduction in debt of CHF 998 million and liquid assets of CHF 276 million for

610-607: A search radar with an effective range of over 25 kilometers (16 miles). The first firing of an ADATS missile occurred in June 1981. Canada was the launch customer for the system with 36 units on the M113 chassis ordered for the Canadian Army in 1986. The system was further developed and produced at a new facility in Québec . The US Army also selected ADATS installed on the M2 Bradley chassis but by

671-551: A slump in its share price. The Esec business unit was eventually sold again in April 2009. In June 2005, Unaxis' new majority shareholder, the Austrian firm Victory Industriebeteiligung AG , called an extraordinary general meeting where it replaced virtually all of the group's management team. This also saw Thomas Limberger appointed as the new Unaxis CEO. The new management team succeeded in reducing losses massively in 2005, and expressed

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732-450: A year later. Soon after, Sra Pathum airfield was established along with a temporary hangar to house planes and also host flight training. In late 1913, the three new aviators returned home after arranging for the purchase of four Nieuport monoplanes and a Bréguet biplane. The aviation section put on a demonstration in January 1914, gaining the support of the King and a permanent aviation group

793-576: Is active in R&;D, manufacturing and sales in a wide range of product fields. The sale of Oerlikon Solar was finalized on November 27, 2012. On December 3, 2012, Oerlikon announced that it was selling two business units from its Textile Segment – Natural Fibers and Textile Components – to the Chinese Jinsheng Group, to allow the Textile Segment to focus on its manmade fibers business. The sale of

854-513: Is one of the beneficial owners . OC Oerlikon currently has two Divisions: The following divisions of the Oerlikon Components business unit, which were designated as not in line with the company's core business, were divested in 2009: Oerlikon Esec ( semiconductors ) was sold in April 2009 to the Dutch company BE Semiconductor Industries ( Besi ), and Oerlikon Space ( aerospace engineering )

915-788: Is the main air force ground forces and special forces which providing light infantry for anti-hijacking capabilities, protecting air bases and high value assets, protecting international airport in insurgent areas. It also serves as the Royal Thai Air Force Special Operations Regiment (RTAF SOR) which consists of various units such as Combat Control Team (CCT), Pararescue Jumpers (PJs), Tactical Air Control Party (TACP). Royal Thai Air Force Security Force Command consist of 3 main regiments and multiple support units. Additionally, one separated air base protection battalions and one separated anti-aircraft battalions are station in each air bases. The Royal Thai Air Force maintains

976-641: The Commander of the Royal Thai Air Force (ผู้บัญชาการทหารอากาศไทย). The Royal Thai Air Force Headquarters is located in Don Muang Airbase, Bangkok , Thailand . The RTAF consists of headquarters and five groups: command, combat, support, education and training, and special services. The Royal Thai Air Force Combat Group is divided into 11 wings plus a training school, plus a few direct-reporting units. The following squadrons are currently active with

1037-557: The Vietnam War era, the RTAF was supplied with USAF -aid equipment. Belgian pilot Charles Van Den Born performed a flying demonstration over Bangkok in January 1911, greatly impressing Prince Chakrabongse Bhuvanath , brother of King Vajiravudh , and he even accepted an invitation for a flight. Chakrabongse sent three army officers to France, who began flight training at Vélizy-Villacoublay in July 1912. The officers became qualified aviators

1098-539: The ADATS has been withdrawn from Canadian service with no planned replacement announced. Canadian acquisition of the ADATS system was marred by a scandal relating to the purchase of the land where assembly of the system was to take place. The property had been bought and sold several times over a short period of time and its price inflated before it was sold to Oerlikon. It led to the resignation of Minister of State for Transport André Bissonnette who had been directly involved in

1159-532: The Advanced Technologies Segment. On March 2, 2012, Oerlikon signed a contract of sale with Tokyo Electron for its solar division, Oerlikon Solar , which employed 675 people at eight locations around the world, including its headquarters in Trübbach , Switzerland, near the border to Liechtenstein. Tokyo Electron Limited is one of the world's leading suppliers of semiconductor production equipment and

1220-560: The Air Force has envisioned and identified weaknesses in procurement software , which include limitations regarding copyright usage, maintenance, envisioning obstacles, and expanding usage to cover and cater to the needs of the Air Force. Consequently, there has been an initiation to ethically software development , independently, for the first time. This encompasses care from artificial intelligence systems, Big Data , Avionics software , strategic planning software , and support technology for

1281-722: The M113A2 tracked vehicle chosen by Canada, the ADATS was also installed on the M2 Bradley chassis for the US Army and the Swiss MOWAG Shark 8x8 vehicle, and proposed for the British Warrior MICV chassis. A shelter-mounted version either with on-mount radar for autonomous use, or without radar for coordination with a central fire control center could be mounted on a 4x4 or 6x6 military truck or installed in fixed locations. This version

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1342-562: The Natural Fibers business unit was finalized on July 4, 2013. On June 2, 2014, Oerlikon acquired Metco from Sulzer AG, integrating it into its existing Coating Segment to create a global provider of surface solutions in the form of the Surface Solutions Segment, currently the company's largest Segment. On December 23, 2014, Oerlikon announced that it had reached an agreement on the sale of its Advanced Technologies Segment to

1403-607: The Royal Thai Air Force. First set up in 1913 in the same year as the Air Force, providing nursing services only, and over the years has gradually expanded. It operates Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital and Royal Thai Air Force Hospital in Bangkok, as well as smaller hospitals at each wing. The directorate has made a teaching agreement with the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University to train students at Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital, accepting about 30 students per academic year. The Chief of

1464-691: The Russian Tor missile system . In September 2005, the Canadian government and the Canadian Forces announced a modernization program, transforming the ADATS and associated command, control and communications systems into a multi-mission effects vehicle (MMEV). The MMEV was to retain and enhance ADATS anti-aircraft and anti-armor capability (85% or better engagement success rate) to meet new threats, provide indirect fire support to ground troops, and would be mounted on an LAV III wheeled armoured vehicle. It

1525-456: The Segment's upper management was gradually relocated to Shanghai , and hence to the world's largest textile market. The new CEO of the Segment, Clement Woon, is from Singapore . On December 3, 2012, Oerlikon announced that it was selling two business units from its Textile Segment – Natural Fibers and Textile Components – to the Chinese Jinsheng Group. The sale of the Natural Fibers business unit

1586-503: The Swiss company Evatec AG. This sale was closed ahead of schedule and the Segment's 200 employees and all of its assets were successfully transferred to Evatec on February 3, 2015. In July 2016 Oerlikon announced that all approvals for a strategic divestment of Oerlikon's Vacuum business to Atlas Copco have been received. The transaction was successfully closed on August 31, 2016. In November 2016, Oerlikon announced that they will be building

1647-407: The board of directors and joined Von Roll Holding . Upon his resignation, Limberger was replaced as CEO by Uwe Krüger, whose previous position as COO remained vacant until September 2008, when it was filled by Thomas Babacan. At the presentation of the interim financial results on August 25, 2009, it was announced that Uwe Krüger would be leaving the company with immediate effect. The position of CEO

1708-568: The cancellation of the MMEV project. The program was cancelled in November 2006. The ADATS was withdrawn from Canadian service in 2012. OC Oerlikon The roots of today's OC Oerlikon are to be found in Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon , which was established in 1876 and evolved into Oerlikon-Bührle Holding in 1973. Following an extensive restructuring process, the holding was renamed Unaxis at

1769-456: The company and focus exclusively on technology. This narrowing of the company's focus was driven by the 1994 takeover of the Leybold Group , a specialist in vacuum technology, which was merged with Balzers to form Balzers & Leybold, a leading company in thin-film technology, which would later become Oerlikon-Bührle's core business. The biggest turning point for the company came in 1999 with

1830-558: The company. At Oerlikon's 42nd Annual General Meeting of Shareholders, Michael Suess was appointed chairman of the board of directors. The current members of the Board of Directors of OC Oerlikon Corporation AG, Pfäffikon, are: Although Süss, Moskov and Matveeva represent the interests of Liwet AG, all seven members of the board are independent as defined by the Swiss Code of Best Practice for Corporate Governance. In May 2004, Thomas Limberger

1891-431: The executive chair role. Since July 2022, Suss is executive chairman of OC Oerlikon, overseeing all group-level management topics and leading the executive committee in addition to his role as chairman of Oerlikon's board of directors. The current members of the executive committee of OC Oerlikon are: The foundations for OC Oerlikon were laid when Oerlikon-Bührle Holding AG was established in 1973. At its peak in 1980,

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1952-484: The future, leading to the ISO 29110 software development standard . This initiative has also propelled the consideration to establish a comprehensive software-focused unit within the Air Force. The RTAF Security Force Command (Thai: หน่วยบัญชาการอากาศโยธิน) is a Division size unit in the Royal Thai Air Force. It has been in existence since 1937. They are based near Don Mueang International Airport. The RTAF Security Force Command

2013-414: The group. On November 22, 2011, the group reorganized its largest and most important Segment, the Textile Segment, combining the existing five business units into three: Manmade Fibers (formerly Oerlikon Barmag and Oerlikon Neumag), Natural Fibers (formerly Oerlikon Schlafhorst and Oerlikon Saurer) and Textile Components (formerly Oerlikon Textile Components). In the course of this reorganization process,

2074-400: The holding company had 37,000 employees. At the start of the 1980s, the group already had an aerospace division (set up in 1964 as part of Contraves AG) and a thin-film/ vacuum technology division, which it had had since 1976 when the company took over Balzers AG. Due to poor performance, in 1991 the group was forced to concentrate on certain divisions only. The decision was taken to restructure

2135-449: The land deal, and several criminal accusations. The ADATS cropped up from an extensive competition during which it was selected by the U.S. Army for the forward area air-defense (FAAD) program under the designation MIM-146 for the missile. The US Army planned to purchase 387 systems. Test results indicated that the system did not perform well in inclement weather. Ultimately the FAAD contract

2196-523: The new Oerlikon wordmark and logo. At the beginning of September 2006, the media started referring to the company primarily as "Unaxis-Oerlikon". OC Oerlikon Corporation AG was successfully entered in the commercial register in March 2006 (before the company had started operating under that name) and the renaming of Unaxis Management AG to OC Oerlikon Management AG was entered in the commercial register in May 2006. All disputes regarding company names were settled in

2257-767: The primary operational installations. Maintenance of base facilities abandoned by the United States (Ubon, Udorn) proved costly and exceeded Thai needs; they were turned over to the Department of Civil Aviation for civil use. Nonetheless, all runways were still available for training and emergency use. By 2004 the Royal Thai Air Force had its main base at Don Muang airport, adjacent to Don Mueang International Airport . The RTAF also had large air fields and facilities at Nakon Ratchasima Ubon Ratchathani , and Takhli . RTAF budgets are shown below by fiscal year (FY): The Siam Cup BJJ ( Brazilian jiu-jitsu ) International tournament

2318-417: The recession that followed in the wake of the global financial and economic crisis. Demand and sales dropped substantially, particularly in the Textile Segment, but also in the company's other Segments. Hans Ziegler was appointed as interim CEO to undertake a major restructuring of the group. According to Oerlikon's Annual Report 2009, more than 2 500 employees were laid off in 2009, and the workforce declined by

2379-548: The sale of various core businesses and virtually all interests in other companies that no longer fitted Oerlikon's new business concept. The company sold its arms division, Oerlikon Contraves Defence, to the German Rheinmetall DeTec, where it now operates under the new name of Rheinmetall Air Defence AG. Oerlikon-Bührle Immobilien AG was sold to Allreal Holding where it acquired its present name of Allreal Generalunternehmung AG. The shoe and accessories manufacturer Bally

2440-529: The start of 2000. The Austrian Victory Industriebeteiligung AG acquired a majority share in Unaxis in 2005. New management initiated a restructuring effort that manifested itself in a new name – OC Oerlikon – from the beginning of September 2005. At the end of 2006, the Saurer Group was acquired and integrated into OC Oerlikon. As of today, a position of around 41% is held by Liwet Holding AG, of which Victor Vekselberg

2501-544: The system was initially $ 650 million. Over the life of the project, total cost reached $ 1.1 billion. After their return from Germany, Canadian ADATS systems were only operationally deployed once: In June 2002, they were used to defend the airspace of the G8 summit held in Kananaskis, Alberta . Canadian ADATS were never operationally deployed in Bosnia or Afghanistan . As of 31 March 2011,

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2562-477: The third quarter of 2006, and in September 2006, Unaxis Holding AG was officially renamed OC Oerlikon Corporation AG. In December of that year, Unaxis Schweiz AG (formerly Esec SA) was renamed Oerlikon Assembly Equipment AG. The investment firm Laxey attempted to replace the management of the textile machine manufacturer Saurer AG at an extraordinary general meeting, but the attempt was thwarted at an early stage. This

2623-566: The time it was ready for service the ending of the Cold War led the US Army to cancel its orders, after Oerlikon invested over CHF 1 billion in the project. A small number of vehicles, many of them the developmental prototypes, entered service with the Canadian Army. The ADATS was trialed or proposed on a variety of different platforms to suit the needs of the user for the defense of mobile field formations or fixed sites such as airfields. Besides

2684-458: The vacuum technology division. At the beginning of 2004, Unaxis was restructured into five Segments: Semiconductor Equipment, Data Storage Solutions, Coating Services, Vacuum Solutions and Components and Special Systems. A merger in March 2004 placed Esec entirely under the ownership of Unaxis. Poor performance in FY 2004 from the semiconductor division of Esec meant losses of CHF 372 million for Unaxis and

2745-445: Was abolished again following the end of the restructuring program on August 17, 2011. The post of Chief Operating Officer that had been left vacant following the departure of Thomas Babacan on December 31, 2011, was not occupied again. The Chief HR Officer, Adrian Cojocaru, left the company at the end of 2012. CEO Michael Buscher left the company in March 2013. He was replaced as CEO on an interim basis by CFO Jürg Fedier, who at that time

2806-482: Was appointed to the board of directors; in June 2005, at the request of the majority shareholder, Victory Industriebeteiligung, he was named CEO of Unaxis as the company was known at the time. Under Limberger, two further roles were added to the executive committee in February 2007: General Counsel (filled by Bjoern Bajan), and COO (Uwe Krüger). Limberger stayed with the company until May 2007, when he resigned as CEO and from

2867-433: Was approved. Rheinmetall reacted strongly against the use of the abbreviation OC because of the potential confusion with its subsidiary Oerlikon Contraves, whose abbreviation is also OC. Unaxis was renamed Oerlikon – formally OC Oerlikon Corporation AG – with effect from the beginning of September 2006. The renaming of Unaxis was delayed due to various objections from Rheinmetall and its subsidiaries. When Oerlikon Contraves

2928-500: Was cancelled in the early 1990s after the end of the Cold War. The Royal Thai Air Force acquired one static shelter-based system from Oerlikon Canada, linked to a Skyguard fire control system. In the late 1990s, Canada offered their surplus ADATS systems to the Greek military as part of a low-level air defense program. The offer was considered but not accepted. Greece eventually purchased

2989-426: Was closed on February 28, 2019. The ownership structure of OC Oerlikon has gone through numerous drastic changes over the years, partly due to some large options transactions. When the company was recapitalized, its shareholder structure changed once again. Oerlikon's Annual Report 2021 gives the shareholder structure as follows: The board of directors is responsible for the supervision and strategic management of

3050-449: Was due to negative reporting in the media and the subsequent surprise intervention of Victory Industriebeteiligung and OC Oerlikon, at that time only a few days old. Oerlikon acquired Laxey's entire share package. With Oerlikon now holding a majority share in Saurer, the obligatory takeover bid was made to the remaining Saurer shareholders. In 2008 and 2009, the group suffered the full force of

3111-682: Was established and an air base at Don Muang was assigned, as the Royal Aeronautical Service , under Army control. Siam entered World War I with the Allies in July 1917, and a Siamese Expeditionary Force of around 1,200 men was sent to France, arriving in June 1918. Among them were 370 pilots and groundcrew , including more than 100 officers who were sent to flight school first at Istres and Avord, and then at Istres , Le Crotoy , La Chapelle-la-Reine , Biscarosse and Piox. Eventually, The 95 pilots who qualified as military aviators flew

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3172-429: Was finalized on July 4, 2013. Within textile machinery construction, the group plans to concentrate in the future on production machinery for manmade fibers. At the beginning of 2014, OC Oerlikon acquired Sulzer Metco from Sulzer AG . On November 20, 2015, Oerlikon announced its intention to sell its Vacuum Segment to Atlas Copco. The transaction was closed on August 31, 2016. In July 2018, Oerlikon announced that it

3233-724: Was formally separated into its own branch, the Royal Siamese Air Force , in April 1937 and five operational wings were established. In 1939, when Siam became Thailand, the service was renamed the Royal Thai Air Force . At the end of 1940, the RTAF once again saw combat, this time in the Franco-Thai War , a border conflict against French Indochina . The RTAF operated in the Mekong Delta , attacking ground forces and gunboats and defending against French bombing raids, until

3294-538: Was purchased by Thailand. A version mounted on the four-wheel trailer used for the Oerlikon Contraves Skyguard fire control system and without radar, probably intended for integration with Skyguard and Oerlikon GDF 35 mm guns, was also proposed. There was also a proposed naval version called "Sea Sprint", using the standard eight-missile turret without the radar, proposed for the close-in anti-air and anti-missile self-defense role. Oerlikon also suggested

3355-493: Was selling its Drive Systems Segment to Dana Inc. The sale was finalized on February 28, 2019. Royal Thai Air Force The Royal Thai Air Force (RTAF) ( Thai : กองทัพอากาศไทย ; RTGS :  Kong Thap Akat Thai ) is the air force of the Kingdom of Thailand . Since its establishment in 1913 as one of the earliest air forces of Asia, the Royal Thai Air Force has engaged in numerous major and minor conflicts. During

3416-549: Was sold in 1999, the then Oerlikon-Bührle secured the right to continue using the protected name Contraves (as in Contraves Space). Nothing was agreed regarding "Oerlikon", however, since it is the name of an actual location – Oerlikon was a village that became a district of Zurich in 1934 – and so appears in the names of several dozen companies. For these reasons, for legal purposes the company "Oerlikon" officially refers to itself as OC Oerlikon Corporation, and has only trademarked

3477-567: Was sold off in June 2009 to RUAG Holding . The last remaining company in the Oerlikon Optics business unit (optics) – Oerlikon Optics Shanghai – was sold off in mid-August 2009 to the British company EIS Optics, which had been newly set up by the London-based private equity firms Nova Capital Management Limited and FF&P Private Equity Limited. Since that time, Oerlikon Components has operated as

3538-485: Was sold to the US-based Texas Pacific Group . Oerlikon-Bührle was renamed Unaxis in January 2000. In mid-2000, Unaxis acquired a majority share in the semiconductor manufacturer Esec AG. Toward the end of that year, it sold Pilatus Flugzeugwerke AG – the last company that did not fit in with the rest of Unaxis' technology portfolio. In December 2001, Unaxis spun off Leybold Optics once again, but retained

3599-423: Was temporarily filled by Hans Ziegler, who had been a member of the Board of Directors since May 2008. In May 2010, Michael Buscher  [ de ] assumed the role of CEO, relieving Hans Ziegler as interim CEO. Adrian Cojocaru was appointed Chief HR Officer in November 2010. The position of Chief Restructuring Officer, which had been created during the restructuring process and was occupied by Raafat Morcos,

3660-479: Was the only member of the executive committee. Brice Koch took up the position of CEO of OC Oerlikon in January 2014, allowing Jürg Fedier to focus on his original role as CFO. In March 2016, Oerlikon announced former Siemens AG manager Roland Fischer would replace Brice Koch as CEO. With the publication of the 2021 annual results in March 2022, OC Oerlikon announced that Roland Fischer was stepping down as CEO for private reasons, and that Michael Süss will assume

3721-577: Was to be fitted with a 3D radar , non-line-of-sight missile (using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to gather required intelligence and target location at a range of 8 km or more) and low-cost precision kill (LCPK) missile (fireable on direct shot at a >8 km range), based on a 2.75-inch rocket and advanced battle management command and control communication computer and information (BMC41), including link 11 / 16 , to provide intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance (ISTAR). In July 2006, Canadian Forces land staff recommended

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