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27-504: Aguascalientes is a municipality in the Mexican state of Aguascalientes . Its municipal seat is the city of Aguascalientes , which is also the state capital. As of 2010, its population was 797,010, most of whom lived in the city of Aguascalientes. Aguascalientes is in the south of the valley that divides the state in two and borders the municipalities of El Llano , Jesús María , Calvillo , Asientos , and San Francisco de los Romo in

54-407: A grid plan of square or rectangular city blocks. Using the perimeter block development principle, city blocks are developed so that buildings are located along the perimeter of the block, with entrances facing the street, and semi-private courtyards in the rear of the buildings. This historic arrangement reflects organic development of structures and land usage, adapted to urban planning. Since

81-465: A grid plan or quasi-grid plan. That typology is prevalent in Japan and China, for example. Chen defines the supergrid and superblock urban morphology in that context as follows: “The Supergrid is a large-scale net of wide roads that defines a series of cells or Superblocks, each containing a network of narrower streets.” Superblocks can also be retroactively superimposed on pre-existing grid plan by changing

108-546: A city, and form the basic unit of a city's urban fabric. City blocks may be subdivided into any number of smaller land lots usually in private ownership, though in some cases, it may be other forms of tenure. City blocks are usually built-up to varying degrees and thus form the physical containers or "streetwalls" of public space. Most cities are composed of a greater or lesser variety of sizes and shapes of urban block. For example, many pre-industrial cores of cities in Europe, Asia, and

135-442: A form of Mexican locality , and are divided into colonias (neighborhoods); some municipalities can be as large as full states, while cities can be measured in basic geostatistical areas or city blocks . All Mexican states are divided into municipalities. Each municipality is autonomous; citizens elect a " municipal president " ( presidente municipal ) who heads a municipal council ( ayuntamiento ), responsible for providing all

162-526: A large area and contains more than one city or town (collectively called localidades ), one city or town is selected as a cabecera municipal (head city, seat of the municipal government) while the rest elect representatives to a presidencia auxiliar or junta auxiliar (auxiliary presidency or council). In that sense, a municipality in Mexico is roughly equivalent to the counties of the United States , whereas

189-477: A more extensive grid plan . Some variations of the interpretation of city blocks include superblocks, subblocks, and perimeter blocks. A superblock , or super-block , is an area of urban land that is bounded by arterial roads and the size of multiple typically sized city blocks. Within the superblock, the local road network, if any, is designed to serve only local needs. Superblocks can also contain an orthogonal internal road network, including those based on

216-691: A result of the Political Reforms enacted in 2016, it is no longer designated as a Federal District and became a city, a member entity of the Mexican federation, seat of the Powers of the Union and the capital of Mexico. Mexico City is divided in 16 boroughs , officially called demarcaciones territoriales , substituting the old delegaciones . The boroughs are considered as third-level territorial divisions for statistical data collection and cross-country comparisons. Since

243-401: A settlement to become a municipality (usually based on population). The Constitution of 1917 abolished the jefatura política ("political authority"), the intermediate administrative authority between the states and converted all existing municipalities into municipios libres ("free municipalities"), that is, gave them full autonomy to manage local affairs, while at the same time restricting

270-401: Is always within a block with sidewalks . The geometric subtraction of a block without sidewalks from block with sidewalks , contains the sidewalk, the alley, and any other non-lot sub-structure. A perimeter block is a type of city block which is built up on all sides surrounding a central space that is semi-private. They may contain a mixture of uses, with commercial or retail functions on

297-467: Is divided into 14 boroughs besides the City of Mexicali , which comprises the municipal seat and three additional metropolitan boroughs. Querétaro municipality is subdivided into seven boroughs. Nonetheless, the heads of government of the boroughs are not elected by the residents but rather appointed by the municipal president. Mexico City is a special case in that it is not organized into municipalities. As

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324-684: The 2015 Intercensal Survey, two municipalities have been created in Campeche , three in Chiapas , three in Morelos , one in Quintana Roo and two in Baja California . The internal political organization and their responsibilities are outlined in the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution and detailed in the constitutions of the states to which they belong. Municipalities are distinct from cities ,

351-414: The 2020 Mexican National Census. Data from the 2020 Mexican National Census. City blocks A city block , residential block , urban block , or simply block is a central element of urban planning and urban design . In a city with a grid system, the block is the smallest group of buildings that is surrounded by streets . City blocks are the space for buildings within the street pattern of

378-559: The Conquest and colonization of Mexico, the municipality became the basic entity of the administrative organization of New Spain and the Spanish Empire . Settlements located in strategic locations received the status of ciudad (the highest status within the Empire, superior to that of villas and pueblos ) and were entitled to form an ayuntamiento or municipality. During the first decades,

405-533: The Middle East tend to have irregularly shaped street patterns and urban blocks, while cities based on grids have much more regular arrangements. By extension, the word "block" is an important informal unit of length equal to the distance between two streets of a street grid. In most cities of the New World that were planned rather than developing gradually over a long period of time, streets are typically laid out on

432-538: The United States and Canada, the addresses follow a block and lot number system , in which each block of a street is allotted 100 building numbers. The blocks in central Melbourne, Australia , are also 330 by 660 feet (100 m × 200 m), formed by splitting the square blocks in an original grid with a narrow street down the middle. Many Old World cities have grown by accretion over time rather than being planned, making rectangular city blocks uncommon in

459-562: The auxiliary presidency is equivalent to a township. Nonetheless, auxiliary presidencies are not considered a third-level administrative division since they depend fiscally on the municipalities in which they are located. North-western and south-eastern states are divided into small numbers of large municipalities (e.g. Baja California is divided into only seven municipalities), and therefore they cover large areas incorporating several separated cities or towns that do not necessarily conform to one single conurbation. Central and southern states, on

486-657: The cleaning and maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries. They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1983, they can collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than from their own collection efforts. Some municipalities in Mexico are subdivided into internal, third-level administrative organizations. All municipalities of Baja California are subdivided into boroughs, or delegaciones . Mexicali municipality, for example,

513-431: The ground floor. Perimeter blocks are a key component of many European cities and are an urban form that allows very high urban densities to be achieved without high-rise buildings. In North American English and Australian English , the word "block" is used as an informal unit of distance. For example, someone giving directions might say, "It's three blocks from here", meaning either literally three blocks distant (in

540-490: The innermost development among most European cities , for example. An exception is represented by those cities that were founded as Roman military settlements, and that often preserve the original grid layout around two main orthogonal axes (such as Turin, Italy ) and cities heavily damaged during World War II (like Frankfurt ). Following the example of Philadelphia , New York City adopted the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 for

567-417: The local authorities had full powers on the public and economic administration of each municipality, but successive reforms diminished their attributions. After Independence, the 1824 Constitution did not specify any regulation for the municipalities, whose structure and responsibilities were to be outlined in the constitution of each state of the federation. As such, every state set its own requirements for

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594-506: The other hand, are divided into many small municipalities (e.g. Oaxaca is divided into 570 municipalities), and therefore large urban areas usually extend over several municipalities which form one single conurbation. Although an urban area might cover an entire municipality, auxiliary councils might still be used for administrative purposes. Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, supervision of slaughterhouses and

621-470: The public services for their constituents. This concept, which originated after the Mexican Revolution , is known as a municipio libre ("free municipality"). The municipal president is elected by plurality and cannot be reelected for the next immediate term. The municipal council consists of a cabildo (chairman) with a síndico and several regidores (trustees). If the municipality covers

648-996: The scope of their competencies. However, in 1983 the 115th article was modified to expand the municipalities' authority to raise revenue (through property taxes and other local services) and to formulate budgets. The first city council in Mexico was established by Hernán Cortés in 1519 in Veracruz ; it was also the first in the American mainland. The newest municipalities in Mexico are San Quintín in Baja California, established on February 27, 2020; Seybaplaya and Dzitbalché in Campeche, gazetted on January 1, 2021; Las Vigas , Ñuu Savi , San Nicolás , and Santa Cruz del Rincón in Guerrero, incorporated on August 31, 2021; and San Felipe in Baja California, incorporated on January 1, 2022. Data from

675-562: The spacing of streets in grid plans varies so widely among cities, or even within cities, it is difficult to generalize about the size of a city block. Oblong blocks range considerably in width and length. The standard block in Manhattan is about 264 by 900 feet (80 m × 274 m). In Chicago , a typical city block is 330 by 660 feet (100 m × 200 m), meaning that 16 east-west blocks or 8 north-south blocks measure one mile, which has been adopted by other US cities. In much of

702-1111: The state, as well as the state of Jalisco to the south. Its area is 1,169 km. As of 2010, the municipality had a total population of 797,010, As of 2010, the city of Aguascalientes had a population of 722,250. Other than the city of Aguascalientes, the municipality had 799 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: Pocitos (5,169), Villa Licenciado Jesús Terán (Calvillito) (4,481), Norias de Ojocaliente (3,741), Norias del Paso Hondo (2,539), General José María Morelos y Pavón (Cañada Honda) (2,500), classified as urban, and Cartagena (2,496), Jaltomate (2,299), San Antonio de Peñuelas (2,147), San Sebastián (1,862), Peñuelas (El Cienegal) (1,670), El Refugio de Peñuelas (1,624), Montoro (Mesa del Salto) (1,574), La Loma de los Negritos (1,519), El Salto de los Salado (1,436), Arellano (1,382), San Ignacio (1,360), Cumbres III (1,337), Cotorina (Coyotes) (1,298), Lomas del Sur (1,207), Los Caños (1,150), and Centro de Arriba (El Taray) (1,064), classified as rural. Municipalities of Mexico Since

729-484: The traffic rules and streetscape of internal streets within the superblock, as in the case of Barcelona 's superilles ( Catalan for superblocks). Each superilla has nine city blocks, with speed limits on the internal roads slowed to 10–20 km/h (6.2–12.4 mph), through traffic disallowed, and through travel possible only on the perimeter roads. In a geoprocessing perspective there are two complementary ways of modeling city blocks: A block without sidewalks

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