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21-547: The road that originally connected Jimma to Agaro was "better known for its depth than for its length" until improvements were completed in 1962. The road to Bedele , 96 km long, was completed in 1968 at a cost of 12 million dollars (Ethiopian) , by the French company Razel Frères . Agaro is one of the most important trading centers of coffee in Ethiopia. The Agaro Institute of Public Health (part of Agaro University ) operates

42-532: A Red Cross mission to southwestern Ethiopia, Bulatovich visited Jimma, and was the guest of Abba Jifar. While in Jeren , Bulatovich treated the Queen Mother for "a little bronchitis". He left the following description of the king: Aba Jefar is still a young man -- handsome, well-built, and somewhat in his prime. He has a typical face: a straight thin nose; bright, handsome eyes which shift suspiciously from side to side;

63-500: A loan of US$ 98 million from the African Development Bank to pave the 227 kilometers of highway between Jimma and Mizan Teferi to the southwest. The loan was to cover 64% of the 1,270.97 million Birr budgeted for this project. Jimma has a relatively cool tropical monsoon climate ( Köppen Am ). It features a long annual wet season from March to October. Afternoon temperatures at Jimma are very warm year-round, with

84-514: A teaching center for health care in Agaro. Agaro was the capital of the former Kingdom of Gomma , until Gomma was conquered by Dejazmach Besha Abuye in 1886. By 1958, the settlement was one of 27 places in Ethiopia ranked as a First Class Township. Fitawrari Gebre Kristos , started coffee plantations in the 1950s on land he inherited from his grandfather Fitawrari Wossen. Fitawrari Besha could employ up to 400 workers during high harvest season. After

105-608: A thick black beard; and black, short-cropped, curly hair. His hands are graceful. He wears large gold rings on all his fingers. Dressed in a white shirt and trousers, he has draped over his shoulders the thinnest white shamma. His feet are also very small and handsome, clad in leather sandals. Towards his later years, Abba Jifar II succumbed to senility. His grandson Abba Jobir attempted to take control and re-assert Jimma's independence. However, Emperor Haile Selassie responded quickly and sent military forces against Abba Jobir. The soldiers brought Abba Jobir back to Addis Ababa , where he

126-485: A total population for this woreda of 25,458, of whom 12,946 were men and 12,512 were women. The majority of the inhabitants were Muslim , with 60.7% of the population reporting they observed this belief, while 33.76% of the population said they practised Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity , and 5.04% were Protestant . The 1994 census reported this town had a total population of 23,246 of whom 11,687 were men and 11,559 were women. Jimma Jimma ( Oromo : Jimmaa )

147-443: A year. "When he was freed," Bulatovich continues, "Aba Jefar again received the throne of Jimma from Menelik." Historian Enrico Cerulli however states that Abba Jifar was detained for 26 weeks due to his refusal to hand over Hadiya rebel leader Hassan Enjamo . Queen Gumiti also advised him to expand the cultivation of coffee in his kingdom, which provided increased revenue for him and his subjects. In January 1898, as part of

168-854: Is Sadati Of Bure , who later migrated to Illubabor. In the 1880s, Abba Jifar II conquered a portion of the Kingdom of Janjero , which lay east of Jimma, along the Omo River , and incorporated it into his kingdom. Due to the advice of his mother Queen Gumiti, to avoid the detriments of war, he agreed to submit to Menelik II , negus of Shewa in 1884. In 1886, Abba Jifar II paid peace offerings consisting of "slaves (including eunuchs ), ivory, bamboo internodes filled with civet , jars of honey, locally made cloth, spears, shields ornamented with silver plates, and objects of wood (including stools)." Because of these "shrewd politics" (Herbert S. Lewis' words), which included providing military assistance to Menelik in conquering

189-577: Is the Jimma Research Center, founded in 1968, which is run by the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research . The Center specializes in agricultural research , including serving as the national center for research to improve the yield of coffee and spices. Football is the most popular sport in Jimma. The 50,00 0-capacity Jimma University Stadium is the largest venue by capacity in Jimma. It

210-472: Is the largest city in southwestern Oromia Region , Ethiopia . It is a special zone of the Oromia Region and is surrounded by Jimma Zone . Prior to the 2007 census, Jimma was reorganized administratively as a special Zone . What is now Jimma's northern suburb of Jiren was the capital of the Kingdom of Jimma . Originally named Hirmata , the city owed its importance in the 19th century to being located on

231-402: Is used mostly for football matches. Jimma is served by Aba Jifar (Jimma) Airport . The airport completed a renovation in 2015 in order to accommodate larger aircraft and more passengers. Within the city limits, people take bajajs (similar to “tuk-tuks”) or “line taxis” that are converted mini vans. Abba Jifar II Moti Abba Jifar II ( Oromo : Mootii Abbaa Jifaar ; 1861 – 1932)

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252-683: The Derg (the ruling junta ) to send a special delegation to Jimma, which sided with the local police. In the end, 24 students were killed, more arrested, and the local zemacha camps closed. Days before the end of the Ethiopian Civil War in May 1991, the city was captured by the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front . On 13 December 2006, the Ethiopian government announced that it had secured

273-561: The Ethiopian revolution , Gebre Kristos abandoned his plantation and retired to Addis Ababa ; his plantation was nationalized by the Land Nationalization Proclamation of March 1975. In term of school and education the town have some elementary, senior, secondary and preparatory schools. Agaro secondary and preparatory school is one of the oldest secondary and preparatory school in the town. The 2007 national census reported

294-558: The caravan route between Shewa and Kaffa , as well as being only six miles from the palace of Abba Jifar II . According to Donald Levine, in the early 19th century the market attracted thousands of people from neighboring regions: "Oromo from Gojjam and Shoa, Oromo from all the Gibe Kingdoms and numerous representatives of the Lacustrine and Omotic groups, including Timbaro, Qabena, Kefa, Janjero, Welamo, Konta and several others". At

315-564: The daily maximum usually staying between 24 and 27 °C (75.2 and 80.6 °F). Morning temperatures are even more consistent, being at a cool-to-pleasant 12 to 13 °C (53.6 to 55.4 °F) virtually every day. A few buildings have survived from the time of the Jimma Kingdom, including the Palace of Abba Jifar . The city is home to a museum , Jimma University , several markets , and an airport ( ICAO code HAJM, IATA JIM). Also of note

336-495: The last to surrender, holding out until July 1941. Following the death of Abba Jifar II of Jimma in 1932, the Kingdom of Jimma was formally absorbed into Ethiopia. During the reorganization of the provinces in 1942, Jimma vanished into Kaffa Province . Herbert S. Lewis states that in the early 1960s it was "the greatest market in all of south-western Ethiopia. On a good day in the dry season, it attracts up to 30,000 people. Jimma

357-458: The neighboring kingdoms of Kullo (1889), Walamo (1894), and Kaffa (1897), he was able to preserve the autonomy of Jimma until his death. On the other hand, Alexander Bulatovich states that, when Jimma was annexed to Ethiopia, Emperor Menelik imprisoned Aba Jifar "for inspiring excessive enthusiasm in his own standing army and trying to entice Abyssinian soldiers to his own service" in Ankober for

378-594: The very beginning of the 20th century, the German explorer Oscar Neumann visited Jimma on his journey from the Somali coast through Ethiopia to the Sudan. As he observed, “Jimma is almost the richest land of Abyssinia; the inhabitants are pure, well-built Galla; they are nearly all Mohammedans, as is their king, Abba Jifar, a very clever man, who submitted to Menelik at the right time and, therefore, retained his country” The present town

399-529: Was King of the Gibe Kingdom of Jimma (r. 1878–1932). Abba Jifar II was king of Jimma , and the son of Abba Gomol and Queen Gumiti . He had several wives: Queen Limmiti, who was the daughter of the King of Limmu-Ennarea ; Queen Minjo, the daughter of the King of Kaffa ; and Queen Sapertiti, also from Limmu-Ennarea. During Abba Jifar II reign there were Sufi saints who supported his rule. One of them

420-659: Was developed on the Awetu River by the Italian colonial regime in the 1930s. At that time, with the goal of weakening the native Ethiopian Church , the Italians intended to make Jimma an important center of Islamic learning, and founded an academy to teach fiqh . In the East African fighting of World War II after their main force was defeated, the Italian garrison at Jimma was one of

441-458: Was the scene of a violent encounter which started in April 1975 between radical college students (known as zemacha ) sent to organize local peasants, who had benefited from land reform , and local police, who had sided with local landowners. Students and peasant followers had imprisoned local small landowners, rich peasants and members of the local police force; this action led to further unrest, causing

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