Misplaced Pages

#608391

108-436: As with previous Wars titles, Advance Wars was not originally intended for release outside Japan, due to Nintendo feeling that Western consumers would not be interested in turn-based games because of their complex mechanics. In order to alleviate this, the developers made the mechanics easy to understand, adding in an in-depth tutorial that did not require players to read the manual. Designer Kentaro Nishimura commented that

216-507: A Time Attack Mode , the player tries to score, progress or clear levels in a limited amount of time. Changing modes while the game is in progress can increase difficulty and provide additional challenge or reward player success. Power-ups are modes that last for a few moments or that change only one or a few game rules. For example, power pellets in Pac-Man give the player a temporary ability to eat enemies. A game mode may restrict or change

324-661: A player character's alignment permits or prohibits the use of additional game mechanics. For example, in Shin Megami Tensei : Strange Journey Redux , alignment determines which demon assistants a player can or cannot recruit, and in Star Wars Knights of the Old Republic II: The Sith Lords , players aligned with the light and dark sides of The Force gain different bonuses to attacks, healing, and speed. Some games use an auction or bidding system in which

432-576: A Critical Strike bonus to her units and Olaf makes it snow, limiting the movement range of his opponent. The story of the Advance Wars begins in the "Field Training" tutorial mode, with the nation of Orange Star in a war against the neighboring nation of Blue Moon, with Olaf as the Blue Moon Army commanding officer (CO). Olaf suddenly ordered an invasion of the Orange Star nation and is in battle with

540-501: A Nintendo System in Nintendo Power ' s Top 200 Games list. Nintendo Power awarded the game a perfect 5 star rating, stating that " Advance Wars treads on new ground, taking the strategy genre to a place where gamers of all tastes will be gung-ho for it". The Electric Playground called the game "a deep, quite cartoony and consummately Japanese turn-based wargame with depth, character and replayability to burn". IGN called

648-404: A bell curve-shaped probability distribution, with the addition of further dice resulting in a steeper bell curve, decreasing the likelihood of an extreme result. A linear curve is generally perceived by players as being more "swingy", whereas a bell curve is perceived as being more "fair". Some games include situations where players can "press their luck" in optional actions where the danger of

756-437: A choice of two more Orange Star COs, Max and Sami, to advise as the story progresses, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Depending on which CO is chosen by the player to advise, there are times when a mission is split into a choice of two or three, where the maps and dialog could be different. After completing that mission, the story paths could split up, depending on which CO was chosen in that previous mission, with

864-422: A few days in advance, weather forecasters are continually working to extend this limit through meteorological research and refining current methodologies in weather prediction. However, it is theoretically impossible to make useful day-to-day predictions more than about two weeks ahead, imposing an upper limit to potential for improved prediction skill. Weather is one of the fundamental processes that shape

972-411: A game's mechanics and theme is ludonarrative dissonance . Abstract games do not have themes, because the action is not intended to represent anything. Go is an example of an abstract game. Some game studies scholars distinguish between game mechanics and gameplay . In Playability and Player Experience Research , the authors define gameplay as "the interactive gaming process of the player with

1080-490: A general audience". At which point, they began working on adjustments. The game was designed with the Game Boy Advance's young children audience, giving the game a "pop design", with bright colors, rounded characters, and comedy . Shimojo commented that in spite of this, the majority of purchasers were teenage boys. In order to cope with bringing a strategy game to a handheld with a younger audience, Shimojo and his team made

1188-401: A given day. Since outdoor activities are severely curtailed by heavy rain , snow and the wind chill , forecasts can be used to plan activities around these events and to plan ahead to survive through them. Tropical weather forecasting is different from that at higher latitudes. The sun shines more directly on the tropics than on higher latitudes (at least on average over a year), which makes

SECTION 10

#1732845278609

1296-433: A limited deathmatch or capture the flag set. Many board games involve the movement of tokens. Movement mechanics govern how and when these tokens are allowed to move. Some game boards are divided into small, equally-sized areas that can be occupied by game tokens. (Often such areas are called squares , even if not square in shape.) Movement rules specify how and when a token can be moved to another area. For example,

1404-420: A map affects unit movement, vision, and the defense attribute of units stationed in the terrain. The different types of terrain include: roads, plains, woods, bases, HQs (Headquarters), ports, cities, airports, the sea, reefs, shoals, rivers, and mountains. All units are affected by terrain, except air units, which gain neither an advantage or a disadvantage as a result. Weather conditions , when active, can affect

1512-454: A mechanism designed to make progress towards victory more difficult for players in the lead. The idea behind this is to allow trailing players a chance to catch up and potentially still win the game, rather than suffer an inevitable loss once they fall behind. For example, in The Settlers of Catan , a neutral piece (the robber) debilitates the resource generation of players whose territories it

1620-454: A number of ways: In some games, captured tokens are simply removed and play no further part in the game (e.g. chess). In others, captured tokens are removed but can return to play later in the game under various rules (e.g. backgammon , pachisi). Some games allow the capturing player to take possession of the captured tokens and use them later in the game (e.g. Shogi , Reversi, Illuminati), also known as conversion . Many video games express

1728-481: A player may be allowed to move a token to an adjacent area, but not one further away. Dice are sometimes used to randomize the allowable movements. Other games, such as miniatures games , are played on surfaces with no marked areas. Many games involve the management of resources. Examples of game resources include tokens, money, land , natural resources , human resources and game points . Players establish relative values for various types of available resources, in

1836-791: A risk must be weighed against the chance of reward. For example, in Beowulf: The Legend , players may elect to take a "Risk", with success yielding cards and failure weakening the player's ultimate chance of victory. Crafting new in-game items is a game mechanic in open world survival video games such as Minecraft and Palworld , role-playing video games such as Divinity: Original Sin and Stardew Valley , tabletop role-playing games such as Dungeons & Dragons , and deck-building card games such as Mystic Vale . Crafting mechanics rely on set collection mechanics, since crafting new items requires obtaining specific sets of items, then transforming them into new ones. A game mode

1944-443: A set amount of attack power, vision range in fog of war, movement range and type, and fuel supply. Some units are equipped with two weapons, which can be used against different types of enemy units. There are both direct and indirect attack units, as well as unarmed transport units. All the units are either infantry, vehicles, ships, or air units. Units have specific strengths and weaknesses. One rule of thumb that units have to adhere to

2052-432: A shorter firing range, with some COs being better with specific units (e.g. being better with air units than naval units). COs also have a Power Meter which fills up by defeating enemy units or when on the receiving end of a brutal offensive attack. When the meter is full, a CO can unleash their "CO Power", which gives a temporary positive effect to friendly units and/or a negative effect to enemy units. For example, Nell gives

2160-517: A single jet stream near the 50th parallel north latitude, and Venus has a single jet near the equator. One of the most famous landmarks in the Solar System , Jupiter's Great Red Spot , is an anticyclonic storm known to have existed for at least 300 years. On other giant planets , the lack of a surface allows the wind to reach enormous speeds: gusts of up to 600 metres per second (about 2,100 km/h or 1,300 mph) have been measured on

2268-412: A skill in a business game . Some games also feature a losing condition, such as being checkmated in chess , or being tagged in tag . In such a game, the winner is the only remaining player to have avoided loss. Games are not limited to one victory or loss condition, and can combine several at once. Tabletop role-playing games and sandbox games frequently have no victory condition. Some games include

SECTION 20

#1732845278609

2376-473: A strict or complete taxonomy . This list is alphabetical. Each player receives a budget of action points to use on each turn. These points may be spent on various actions according to the game rules, such as moving pieces, drawing cards, collecting money, etc. Alignment is a game mechanic in both tabletop role-playing games and role-playing video games . Alignment represents characters' moral and ethical orientation, such as good or evil. In some games,

2484-446: Is a distinct configuration that varies gameplay and affects how other game mechanics behave. A game with several modes presents different settings in each, changing how a particular element of the game is played. A common example is the choice between single-player and multiplayer modes in video games, where multiplayer can further be cooperative or competitive . A sandbox mode allows free play without predefined goals . In

2592-416: Is a segment of a game set aside for certain actions to happen before moving on to the next turn, where the sequence of events can largely repeat. Some games, such as Monopoly and chess , use player turns where one player performs their actions before another player can perform any on their turn. Some games use game turns , where all players contribute to the actions of a single turn. Some games combine

2700-474: Is due to contact with the Earth's surface while radiative losses to space are mostly constant. Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. Earth's weather system is a chaotic system ; as a result, small changes to one part of the system can grow to have large effects on the system as a whole. Human attempts to control

2808-410: Is near. Players occasionally get to move the robber, and frequently choose to position it where it will cause maximal disruption to the player currently winning the game. In some racing games, such as Chutes and Ladders , a player must roll or spin the exact number needed to reach the finish line; e.g., if a player is only four spaces from the finish line then they must roll a four on the die or land on

2916-487: Is no consensus on the precise definition of game mechanics. Competing definitions claim that game mechanics are: A game's mechanics are not its theme . Some games have a theme—some element of representation. For example, in Monopoly , the events of the game represent another activity, the buying and selling of properties. Two games that are mechanically similar can be thematically different, and visa versa. The tension between

3024-425: Is so highly revered. In designing maps, he comments that it is impossible to please everyone, explaining that some people prefer maps where they start out weak and grow stronger, while others prefer to start out strong and tear through their opponent. His goal was to ensure that there were enough maps that people could say "Here we go, here’s one of my maps. This is what I was waiting for". The mechanic of unlocking maps

3132-561: Is that a portion of their fuel supply is used up each turn; ground units who run out cannot move, while air and naval units who run out are destroyed as they consume fuel even when stationary. Submarines consume more fuel than usual when submerged. In Multiplayer mode, players can compete against the AI or against other human players. Multiplayer matches feature a variety of settings that can be changed pre-battle. Multiplayer comes in two forms: Versus mode and Link mode. In Versus mode, only one GBA system

3240-623: Is the saving of Japan from invasion by the Mongol fleet of Kublai Khan by the Kamikaze winds in 1281. French claims to Florida came to an end in 1565 when a hurricane destroyed the French fleet, allowing Spain to conquer Fort Caroline . More recently, Hurricane Katrina redistributed over one million people from the central Gulf coast elsewhere across the United States, becoming the largest diaspora in

3348-587: Is the study of short-lived atmospheric phenomena smaller than mesoscale , about 1 km or less. These two branches of meteorology are sometimes grouped together as "mesoscale and microscale meteorology" (MMM) and together study all phenomena smaller than synoptic scale ; that is they study features generally too small to be depicted on a weather map . These include small and generally fleeting cloud "puffs" and other small cloud features. On Earth, temperatures usually range ±40 °C (100 °F to −40 °F) annually. The range of climates and latitudes across

Advance Wars - Misplaced Pages Continue

3456-512: Is thought to have easterly winds moving at more than 9,600 kilometres per hour (6,000 mph). Weather is not limited to planetary bodies. Like all stars, the Sun's corona is constantly being lost to space, creating what is essentially a very thin atmosphere throughout the Solar System . The movement of mass ejected from the Sun is known as the solar wind . Inconsistencies in this wind and larger events on

3564-582: Is tilted relative to its orbital plane (called the ecliptic ), sunlight is incident at different angles at different times of the year. On Earth's surface, temperatures usually range ±40 °C (−40 °F to 104 °F) annually. Over thousands of years, changes in Earth's orbit can affect the amount and distribution of solar energy received by Earth, thus influencing long-term climate and global climate change . Surface temperature differences in turn cause pressure differences. Higher altitudes are cooler than lower altitudes, as most atmospheric heating

3672-554: Is to ensure that the difficulty level is right enough to allow the largest number of people to play it. Afterward, his comments are sent off to other staff members so he can be sure that he got it right. From then on, the game is sent to Nintendo's debugging team, who will then provide insight on the balance to the development team, who makes adjustments accordingly. Shimojo commented that the balance checking basically went on until someone said: "Stop it, stop it, we really have to launch it now". He attributes this work to why Advance Wars

3780-463: Is used, which every participant in the game uses. One player will take their turn, then pass the system to the next. Link mode is the same game as Versus mode gameplay-wise, but multiple consoles are used, one for each person. It can be played with just one game pak or with one game pak per player. Armies are led by COs, who control units. Most COs provide units with innate special advantages and disadvantages, such as extra firepower, greater strength, or

3888-583: The 5th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards , the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences awarded Advance Wars with " Hand-Held Game of the Year ". In 2009, Official Nintendo Magazine called the game "an almost faultless blend of fiendish strategy and Nintendo magic", placing it 72nd on a list of greatest Nintendo games. In their October 2013 issue, Edge retroactively awarded the game ten out of ten, one of only twenty-three games to achieve that perfect score in

3996-467: The Game Boy Advance launch titles , but because Nintendo was so busy with them, they requested that Intelligent Systems assist in the development. Director Makoto Shimojo commented that the early stages of development often feature Intelligent Systems coming up with unique game mechanics for it, and upon presenting to Nintendo, typically being told that it was "too sophisticated" or "not balanced for

4104-463: The Hadley cell while a smaller scale example would be coastal breezes . The atmosphere is a chaotic system . As a result, small changes to one part of the system can accumulate and magnify to cause large effects on the system as a whole. This atmospheric instability makes weather forecasting less predictable than tidal waves or eclipses. Although it is difficult to accurately predict weather more than

4212-471: The Sun's angle at any particular spot, which varies with latitude . The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the largest scale atmospheric circulations : the Hadley cell , the Ferrel cell , the polar cell , and the jet stream . Weather systems in the middle latitudes , such as extratropical cyclones , are caused by instabilities of the jet streamflow. Because Earth's axis

4320-683: The Virgin Islands . As of 2019, tornadoes have had the greatest impact on humans with 42 fatalities while costing crop and property damage over 3 billion dollars. The weather has played a large and sometimes direct part in human history . Aside from climatic changes that have caused the gradual drift of populations (for example the desertification of the Middle East, and the formation of land bridges during glacial periods), extreme weather events have caused smaller scale population movements and intruded directly in historical events. One such event

4428-648: The adiabatic lapse rate . In some situations, the temperature actually increases with height. This phenomenon is known as an inversion and can cause mountaintops to be warmer than the valleys below. Inversions can lead to the formation of fog and often act as a cap that suppresses thunderstorm development. On local scales, temperature differences can occur because different surfaces (such as oceans, forests, ice sheets, or human-made objects) have differing physical characteristics such as reflectivity , roughness, or moisture content. Surface temperature differences in turn cause pressure differences. A hot surface warms

Advance Wars - Misplaced Pages Continue

4536-753: The jet stream flow (see baroclinity ). Weather systems in the tropics, such as monsoons or organized thunderstorm systems, are caused by different processes. Because the Earth's axis is tilted relative to its orbital plane, sunlight is incident at different angles at different times of the year. In June the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun , so at any given Northern Hemisphere latitude sunlight falls more directly on that spot than in December (see Effect of sun angle on climate ). This effect causes seasons. Over thousands to hundreds of thousands of years, changes in Earth's orbital parameters affect

4644-492: The troposphere , just below the stratosphere . Weather refers to day-to-day temperature, precipitation , and other atmospheric conditions, whereas climate is the term for the averaging of atmospheric conditions over longer periods of time. When used without qualification, "weather" is generally understood to mean the weather of Earth. Weather is driven by air pressure , temperature , and moisture differences between one place and another. These differences can occur due to

4752-488: The AI of your computer-controlled opponents is surprisingly diverse and complex". AllGame commented: "Ingeniously designed, Advance Wars manages to be both in-depth, and instantly accessible, simply because it presents the game in easily manageable chunks". GameSpot named Advance Wars the best Game Boy Advance game of 2001. It was nominated for the publication's annual "Biggest Surprise" prize among console games , but lost to Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty . During

4860-517: The Cosmo Land, with COs automatically chosen depending on the paths the player took during the game. Advance Wars was first announced at Nintendo Space World 2000 under the name Game Boy Wars Advance . In January 2001, Nintendo France gave new screenshots from this and other Game Boy Advance games to French gaming sites with little other information. It was developed by Intelligent Systems , and eventually published by Nintendo . Four player mode

4968-440: The Earth. The process of weathering breaks down the rocks and soils into smaller fragments and then into their constituent substances. During rains precipitation, the water droplets absorb and dissolve carbon dioxide from the surrounding air. This causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic, which aids the erosive properties of water. The released sediment and chemicals are then free to take part in chemical reactions that can affect

5076-574: The Middle Ages. Finland suffered a severe famine in 1696–1697, during which about one-third of the Finnish population died. Weather forecasting is the application of science and technology to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. Human beings have attempted to predict the weather informally for millennia, and formally since at least the nineteenth century. Weather forecasts are made by collecting quantitative data about

5184-527: The Orange Star Army, but switched to Blue Moon. When the Orange Star Army's intention was to just pass through the other two countries, Green Earth and Yellow Comet, the countries' COs like Kanbei of Yellow Comet assume a threat of an invasion and declare battles against the Orange Star Army in their land. Later on, Green Earth CO Drake tells Eagle that the Orange Star Army did not attack Green Earth, saying that "This entire conflict has been orchestrated from

5292-464: The Orange Star Army. The campaign continues the story that started in the tutorial. Nell, the de facto leader of the Orange Star COs, gives the player the duty of a tactical advisor for the Orange Star Army. The player follows the war effort through all four countries, with its own COs, over the course of the game. Starting with having only one choice of a CO to advise, Andy, the player will have

5400-647: The US. Designer Kentaro Nishimura commented that " Advance Wars' success shifted Nintendo's attitude over western tastes". He added that without Advance Wars , Fire Emblem: The Blazing Blade , a game that he also designed, would never have been released outside Japan. The game was released on the Wii U Virtual Console on April 3, 2014, in North America and Europe. In Japan, the compilation which includes both Advance Wars and Advance Wars 2: Black Hole Rising games were released on

5508-631: The United States. Although eventually released in Europe in January 2002, it would not be released in Japan until the Game Boy Wars Advance 1+2 compilation in 2004 alongside its sequel Advance Wars 2: Black Hole Rising , whose original Japanese release was cancelled. Advance Wars has been re-released for the Wii U Virtual Console simultaneously in Europe and North America on April 3, 2014. On April 21, 2023,

SECTION 50

#1732845278609

5616-529: The air above it causing it to expand and lower the density and the resulting surface air pressure . The resulting horizontal pressure gradient moves the air from higher to lower pressure regions, creating a wind, and the Earth's rotation then causes deflection of this airflow due to the Coriolis effect . The simple systems thus formed can then display emergent behaviour to produce more complex systems and thus other weather phenomena. Large scale examples include

5724-523: The amount and distribution of solar energy received by the Earth and influence long-term climate. (See Milankovitch cycles ). The uneven solar heating (the formation of zones of temperature and moisture gradients, or frontogenesis ) can also be due to the weather itself in the form of cloudiness and precipitation. Higher altitudes are typically cooler than lower altitudes, which is the result of higher surface temperature and radiational heating, which produces

5832-410: The assigning of tasks to SCV units in the real-time strategy game StarCraft as an example of the worker placement mechanic. Weather conditions Weather is the state of the atmosphere , describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy . On Earth , most weather phenomena occur in the lowest layer of the planet's atmosphere ,

5940-831: The authors define gameplay as the combination and interaction of many elements of a game. However, popular usage sometimes elides the two terms. For example, gamedesigning.org defines gameplay as the core game mechanics that determine a game's overall characteristics. Scholars organize game mechanics into categories, which they use (along with theme and gameplay) to classify games . For example, in Building Blocks of Tabletop Game Design , Geoffrey Engelstein and Isaac Shalev classify game mechanisms into categories based on game structure, turn order, actions, resolution, victory conditions, uncertainty, economics, auctions, worker placement, movement, area control, set collection, and card mechanisms. The following examples of game mechanics are not

6048-486: The beginning". Meanwhile, Yellow Comet CO Sonja and Grit try to discover the person who is really behind the attacks. When Eagle meets Andy again, Eagle again accuses Andy of attacking Green Earth, to which the Orange Star COs eventually convince Eagle that it was not Andy who attacked Green Earth. This explains why the three nations have been declaring battles against Orange Star, as they thought Andy attacked them first. When Eagle meets Sonja, Sonja also tells Eagle that Andy

6156-432: The behavior of the available tools, such as allowing play with limited/unlimited ammo , new weapons, obstacles or enemies, or a timer , etc. A mode may establish different rules and game mechanics, such as altered gravity , win at first touch in a fighting game, or play with some cards face-up in a poker game. A mode may even change a game's overarching goals, such as following a story or character's career vs. playing

6264-451: The capture mechanism in the form of a kill count (sometimes referred to as "frags"), reflecting the number of opposing pawns eliminated during the game. The most common use of dice is to randomly determine the outcome of an interaction in a game. An example is a player rolling a die or dice to determine how many board spaces to move a game token. Dice often determine the outcomes of in-game conflict between players, with different outcomes of

6372-636: The context of the current state of the game and the desired outcome (i.e. winning the game). Game rules determine how players can increase, spend, or exchange resources. The skillful management of resources lets players influence the game's outcome. Engine building is a mechanism that involves building and optimizing a system to create a flow of resources. SimCity is an example of an engine-building video game: money activates building mechanisms, which in turn unlock feedback loops between many internal resources such as people, job vacancies, power, transport capacity, and zone types. In engine-building board games,

6480-432: The current state of the atmosphere and using scientific understanding of atmospheric processes to project how the atmosphere will evolve. Once an all-human endeavor based mainly upon changes in barometric pressure , current weather conditions, and sky condition, forecast models are now used to determine future conditions. On the other hand, human input is still required to pick the best possible forecast model to base

6588-411: The die/dice roll of different benefit (or adverse effect) to each player involved. This occurs in games that simulate direct conflicts of interest. Different dice formulas are used to generate different probability curves. A single die has equal probability of landing on any particular side, and consequently produces a linear probability distribution curve. The sum of two or more dice, however, results in

SECTION 60

#1732845278609

6696-686: The difference in current time and the time for which the forecast is being made (the range of the forecast) increases. The use of ensembles and model consensus helps to narrow the error and pick the most likely outcome. There are a variety of end users to weather forecasts. Weather warnings are important forecasts because they are used to protect life and property. Forecasts based on temperature and precipitation are important to agriculture, and therefore to commodity traders within stock markets. Temperature forecasts are used by utility companies to estimate demand over coming days. In some areas, people use weather forecasts to determine what to wear on

6804-405: The effect it has on humans in different situations, etc. Therefore, weather is something people often communicate about. The National Weather Service has an annual report for fatalities, injury, and total damage costs which include crop and property. They gather this data via National Weather Service offices located throughout the 50 states in the United States as well as Puerto Rico , Guam , and

6912-415: The enemy unit), or indirectly (must remain still to attack, and have an enemy in firing range). The amount of damage done by a unit to an enemy unit in combat comes down to a number of factors: the number of hit points the attacker has, whether they can fire their main weapon (if not, they either cannot attack or will use their secondary weapon instead), the type of unit the attacker and the defender are, and

7020-497: The first game to implement the mechanic. Worker placement was popularized by Caylus (2005) and became a staple of the Eurogame genre in the wake of the game's success. Other popular board games that use this mechanism include Stone Age and Agricola . Although the mechanism is chiefly associated with board games, the worker placement concept has been used in analysis of other game types. For instance, Adams and Dormans describe

7128-464: The forecast upon, which involves many disciplines such as pattern recognition skills, teleconnections , knowledge of model performance, and knowledge of model biases. The chaotic nature of the atmosphere, the massive computational power required to solve the equations that describe the atmosphere, the error involved in measuring the initial conditions, and an incomplete understanding of atmospheric processes mean that forecasts become less accurate as of

7236-420: The four with the spinner. If more than four is rolled, then the turn is forfeited to the next player. Worker placement is a game mechanism where players allocate a limited number of tokens ("workers") to multiple stations that provide various defined actions. The worker placement mechanism originates with board games. Stewart Woods identifies Keydom (1998; later remade and updated as Aladdin's Dragons ) as

7344-410: The game "incredibly intense and amazingly addictive... especially when you learn every little nuance of the game design". Gaming Age wrote: "There is a perfect blend of simplicity and complexity that makes this game so highly addictive". GameSpot said that the game is "deep and easy to learn, and it contains a level of replay rarely witnessed in handheld gaming". Total Video Games noted: "For a handheld,

7452-412: The game featuring "waves of excitement"; he compared this to how long films will introduce calm periods in order to have good pacing . Shimojo discussed how various developers introduced elements from their favorite genres into the game. He gave examples which included a developer who was a fan of shooters designing the movement system to work in a way that allows players to control their units "down to

7560-400: The game were designed to not be gritty and serious, but to still be sophisticated. In order to ensure that the game was balanced, the designers had to play through maps several times to ensure that they were not unbalanced. Shimojo commented that once he became more astute at the game, it became hard for him to judge what it would be like for a novice to play, though he comments that his goal

7668-421: The game's complexity and how the players interact with the game. All games use game mechanics; however, different theories disagree about their degree of importance to a game. The process and study of game design includes efforts to develop game mechanics that engage players. Common examples of game mechanics include turn-taking, movement of tokens, set collection, bidding, capture, and spell slots . There

7776-472: The game's success shifted Nintendo's attitude over Western tastes , and that same success is frequently credited as a driving force for Nintendo bringing another Intelligent Systems franchise, Fire Emblem , outside of Japan beginning with the seventh installment . Advance Wars was released in North America on September 10, 2001. Its release in Japan and Europe was delayed due to the September 11 attacks in

7884-547: The game." In this definition, gameplay occurs when players interact with the game mechanics. Similarly, in Dissecting Play – Investigating the Cognitive and Emotional Motivations and Affects of Computer Gameplay , the authors define gameplay as "interacting with a game design in the performance of cognitive tasks". Video games researcher Carlo Fabricatore defines gameplay as: In Ernest Adams and Andrew Rollings on game design ,

7992-851: The greatest snowfall in a period of twelve months occurred in Mount Rainier , Washington, US. It was recorded as 31,102 mm (102.04 ft) of snow. Studying how the weather works on other planets has been seen as helpful in understanding how it works on Earth. Weather on other planets follows many of the same physical principles as weather on Earth , but occurs on different scales and in atmospheres having different chemical composition. The Cassini–Huygens mission to Titan discovered clouds formed from methane or ethane which deposit rain composed of liquid methane and other organic compounds . Earth's atmosphere includes six latitudinal circulation zones, three in each hemisphere. In contrast, Jupiter's banded appearance shows many such zones, Titan has

8100-597: The history of the United States. The Little Ice Age caused crop failures and famines in Europe. During the period known as the Grindelwald Fluctuation (1560–1630), volcanic forcing events seem to have led to more extreme weather events. These included droughts, storms and unseasonal blizzards, as well as causing the Swiss Grindelwald Glacier to expand. The 1690s saw the worst famine in France since

8208-511: The magazine's twenty-year history. Game mechanics In tabletop games and video games , game mechanics specify how a game works for the players. Game mechanics include the rules or ludemes that govern and guide player actions, as well as the game's response to them. A rule is an instruction on how to play, while a ludeme is an element of play, such as the L-shaped move of the knight in chess. The interplay of various mechanics determines

8316-407: The map, known as routing the enemy, or capture the opponent's headquarters. However, some maps have specific objectives, such as capturing a certain number of cities to claim victory or survive a set number of days. The available modes of play include "Field Training" which offers tutorial missions, a campaign mode which carries the game's storyline, the "War Room" which is a collection of maps on which

8424-522: The number of days spent trying to win the battle, power being how many enemy units were defeated, and technique is the number of the player's units that survived (in percentage). The battles of Advance Wars are turn-based . Two to four armies, each headed by a CO (commanding officer), take turns building and commanding units on grid-based maps, while attacking enemy units, moving positions, holding ground, or capturing enemy/neutral properties (cities, ports, airports, bases, or HQ). All units are limited in

8532-414: The perfect centimeter", as well as a developer who was a fan of rhythm games adding a rhythm to how the units move. Intelligent Systems also attempted to cater to those who had a more serious interest in the weapons and the costume designs . As a result, they followed real history in developing these aspects, though making deformed versions of these weapons rather than duplications. The story and setting of

8640-417: The planet Neptune . This has created a puzzle for planetary scientists . The weather is ultimately created by solar energy and the amount of energy received by Neptune is only about 1 ⁄ 900 of that received by Earth, yet the intensity of weather phenomena on Neptune is far greater than on Earth. As of 2007 , the strongest planetary winds discovered are on the extrasolar planet HD 189733 b , which

8748-502: The planet can offer extremes of temperature outside this range. The coldest air temperature ever recorded on Earth is −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F), at Vostok Station , Antarctica on 21 July 1983. The hottest air temperature ever recorded was 57.7 °C (135.9 °F) at 'Aziziya , Libya, on 13 September 1922, but that reading is queried . The highest recorded average annual temperature was 34.4 °C (93.9 °F) at Dallol , Ethiopia. The coldest recorded average annual temperature

8856-480: The player adds and modifies combinations of abilities or resources to assemble a virtuous circle of increasingly powerful and productive outcomes. Many games use tiles - flat, rigid pieces of a regular shape - that can be laid down on a flat surface to form a tessellation . Usually, such tiles have patterns or symbols on their surfaces that combine when tessellated to form game-mechanically significant combinations. The tiles themselves are often drawn at random by

8964-433: The player strives for high scores, as well as multiplayer modes and a map design mode. The "Campaign" and "War Room" modes both help to rank the player up (from Rank #100 to Rank #1) and to earn coins to unlock COs and maps in the "Battle Maps" shop. The modes also gives the player an additional rank for effort after winning a battle on that map, which assesses the player's speed, power, and technique in that battle; speed being

9072-413: The players make competitive bids to determine which player wins the right to perform particular actions. Such an auction can be based on different forms of payment: In some games, the number of tokens a player has on the playing surface represents their current strength in the game. A central goal is capturing an opponent's tokens, which removes them from the playing surface. Captures can be achieved in

9180-460: The players, either immediately before placing them on the playing surface, or in groups to form a pool or hand of tiles from which the player may select one to play. Tiles can be used in two distinct ways: Examples of tile mechanics include: Scrabble , in which players lay down lettered tiles to form words and score points, and Tikal , in which players lay jungle tiles on the play surface then move tokens through them to score points. A turn

9288-460: The previous entries in the series , which were kept in Japan due to Nintendo feeling that consumers would not be interested in turn-based games, or in such complicated games. In order to alleviate this, the developers made the mechanics easy to understand, adding in an in-depth tutorial that did not require players to read the manual. When Nintendo's US marketing division played the game, they found it to be great, wondering why they could not sell it in

9396-403: The same day. Upon release, the game received a score of 92/100 according to the review aggregation website Metacritic , indicating "universal acclaim". According to Julian Gollop , developer of X-COM and Rebelstar: Tactical Command , Advance Wars , besides being influential, opened up the market for similar games on handheld video game systems. It was rated the 26th best game made on

9504-537: The southwest and Beijing's Fangshan District recording a rainfall of 25 millimeters. Whereas there is inconclusive evidence for these techniques' efficacy, there is extensive evidence that human activity such as agriculture and industry results in inadvertent weather modification: The effects of inadvertent weather modification may pose serious threats to many aspects of civilization, including ecosystems , natural resources , food and fiber production, economic development , and human health. Microscale meteorology

9612-544: The story differing from the other path, eventually leading back to the main path. After winning a battle against Green Earth, Andy gets mysteriously accused by Green Earth's CO, Eagle, of committing a treacherous act of aggression against Green Earth. After defeating the Blue Moon troops that invaded the Orange Star country, the Orange Star Army then invade the Blue Moon country, defeating their troops. The Blue Moon COs, Olaf and Grit, are revealed to be COs who both used to work for

9720-536: The surface further (such as acid rain ), and sodium and chloride ions ( salt ) deposited in the seas/oceans. The sediment may reform in time and by geological forces into other rocks and soils. In this way, weather plays a major role in erosion of the surface. Weather, seen from an anthropological perspective, is something all humans in the world constantly experience through their senses, at least while being outside. There are socially and scientifically constructed understandings of what weather is, what makes it change,

9828-400: The surface of the star, such as coronal mass ejections , form a system that has features analogous to conventional weather systems (such as pressure and wind) and is generally known as space weather . Coronal mass ejections have been tracked as far out in the Solar System as Saturn . The activity of this system can affect planetary atmospheres and occasionally surfaces. The interaction of

9936-448: The terrain the enemy unit is on; by contrast, if the enemy unit is directly attacked, the same factors determine the damage done when they counter-attack the attacking unit. The majority of units have main weapons with a limited supply of ammunition, with the amount of ammo depending on the type of unit. Units with secondary weapons will resort to these when their primary weapon's ammunition runs out until they are resupplied. The terrain on

10044-528: The title was remade for the Nintendo Switch alongside its sequel Black Hole Rising in a compilation developed by WayForward titled Advance Wars 1+2: Re-Boot Camp , which was announced by Nintendo at E3 2021 . It was released in America and Europe, but not Japan. The objective in each mission is to defeat the enemy army. There are two ways to defeat an opponent: destroy every one of the opponent's units on

10152-411: The tropics can occur more spontaneously compared to those at higher latitudes, where they are more tightly controlled by larger-scale forces in the atmosphere. Because of these differences, clouds and rain are more difficult to forecast in the tropics than at higher latitudes. On the other hand, the temperature is easily forecast in the tropics, because it does not change much. The aspiration to control

10260-419: The tropics warm (Stevens 2011). And, the vertical direction (up, as one stands on the Earth's surface) is perpendicular to the Earth's axis of rotation at the equator, while the axis of rotation and the vertical are the same at the pole; this causes the Earth's rotation to influence the atmospheric circulation more strongly at high latitudes than low latitudes. Because of these two factors, clouds and rainstorms in

10368-453: The tropics. In other words, the farther from the tropics one lies, the lower the sun angle is, which causes those locations to be cooler due to the spread of the sunlight over a greater surface. The strong temperature contrast between polar and tropical air gives rise to the large scale atmospheric circulation cells and the jet stream . Weather systems in the mid-latitudes, such as extratropical cyclones , are caused by instabilities of

10476-411: The troposphere (the lower part of the atmosphere). Weather does occur in the stratosphere and can affect weather lower down in the troposphere, but the exact mechanisms are poorly understood. Weather occurs primarily due to air pressure, temperature and moisture differences from one place to another. These differences can occur due to the sun angle at any particular spot, which varies by latitude in

10584-425: The two. For example, Civilization uses a series of player turns followed by a trading round in which all players participate. Games with semi-simultaneous turns allow for some actions on another player's turn. Victory conditions control how a player wins the game. Examples of victory conditions include the necessity of completing a quest in a role-playing video game , or the player being suitably trained in

10692-558: The types of units they can attack. What dictates a unit's ability to attack different targets are its primary and secondary weapons. For example, the Mech unit has a bazooka that can only be fired at land vehicles, but are more powerful for that purpose than their secondary weapons, machine guns, which Mechs can use against other Mechs, infantry , and helicopters . Units that can attack do so either directly (can attack adjacent to another unit where standing or moved, but will be counter-attacked by

10800-405: The vision and movement of ground units, while fog of war , when active, can reduce a player's vision, making them depend on individual units' lines of sight, which varies from unit to unit; infantry can expand the vision when in mountains, while woods and reefs cannot be seen into unless a unit is adjacent (next) to it. There are 18 different types of military units in Advance Wars . Each unit has

10908-420: The weather have occurred throughout history, and there is evidence that human activities such as agriculture and industry have modified weather patterns. Studying how the weather works on other planets has been helpful in understanding how weather works on Earth. A famous landmark in the Solar System , Jupiter's Great Red Spot , is an anticyclonic storm known to have existed for at least 300 years. However,

11016-595: The weather is evident throughout human history: from ancient rituals intended to bring rain for crops to the U.S. Military Operation Popeye , an attempt to disrupt supply lines by lengthening the North Vietnamese monsoon . The most successful attempts at influencing weather involve cloud seeding ; they include the fog - and low stratus dispersion techniques employed by major airports, techniques used to increase winter precipitation over mountains, and techniques to suppress hail . A recent example of weather control

11124-569: The weather is not limited to planetary bodies. A star's corona is constantly being lost to space, creating what is essentially a very thin atmosphere throughout the Solar System. The movement of mass ejected from the Sun is known as the solar wind . On Earth , common weather phenomena include wind, cloud , rain, snow, fog and dust storms . Less common events include natural disasters such as tornadoes , hurricanes , typhoons and ice storms . Almost all familiar weather phenomena occur in

11232-540: Was China's preparation for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games . China shot 1,104 rain dispersal rockets from 21 sites in the city of Beijing in an effort to keep rain away from the opening ceremony of the games on 8 August 2008. Guo Hu, head of the Beijing Municipal Meteorological Bureau (BMB), confirmed the success of the operation with 100 millimeters falling in Baoding City of Hebei Province , to

11340-506: Was confirmed before E3 2001 and with it a US release date of September 10. Game Boy Wars Advance was originally scheduled for an October 12, 2001 release in Japan, but it was canceled in order to avoid competition with Game Boy Wars 3 (released for the Game Boy Color that same year). It was eventually released in a two-in-one compilation in 2004 with its sequel, Game Boy Wars Advance 2 . Development of Advance Wars began alongside

11448-434: Was introduced into the game as a means of getting gamers to play the game for longer, but in an interview discussing why the feature was removed in the future title Advance Wars: Days of Ruin , a developer commented that it prevented people who were too busy to spend the time unlocking levels, and that there were better ways to keep players interested. Advance Wars was originally intended to remain exclusive to Japan, like

11556-431: Was not behind the attacks, saying it was someone else, and goes with her to see what she discovered. It is revealed that the enigmatic Black Hole Army, under the command of Sturm, is the true enemy. Using a CO doppelganger clone of Andy, Sturm stirred up war among the four countries in order to confuse, weaken, and eventually conquer them. Once this is revealed, the four countries unite to drive Black Hole out of their land,

11664-510: Was −55.1 °C (−67.2 °F) at Vostok Station , Antarctica. The coldest average annual temperature in a permanently inhabited location is at Eureka, Nunavut , in Canada, where the annual average temperature is −19.7 °C (−3.5 °F). The windiest place ever recorded is in Antarctica, Commonwealth Bay (George V Coast). Here the gales reach 199 mph (320  km/h ). Furthermore,

#608391