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43-426: The name was recorded in 1840 by Ivan Veniaminov . It may arise from the word "Adudak", which means "somewhat long". The island about 1.2 miles (2 km) long and is located 5.0 miles (8 km) off the northwest coast of Umnak Island . It reaches an elevation of about 102 feet (31 m) above sea level and the area around the island is extremely hazardous to ships because of the numerous rocks that lie just below

86-625: A Russian Orthodox missionary priest , then the first Orthodox bishop and archbishop in the Americas, and finally the Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna . Remembered for his missionary work, scholarship, and leadership in Alaska and the Russian Far East during the 19th century, he is known for his abilities as a scholar, linguist , and administrator, as well as his great zeal for his work. As

129-698: A dean or vicar forane , or in some cases by an archpriest . Some churches of the Anglican Communion have deaneries as units of an archdeaconry . An outstation is a newly-created congregation, a term usually used where the church is evangelical , or a mission and particularly in African countries, but also historically in Australia. They exist mostly within the Catholic and Anglican parishes. The Anglican Diocese of Cameroon describes their outstations as

172-410: A rectory , parish hall , parochial school , or convent , frequently located on the same campus or adjacent to the church. Normally, a parish comprises all Catholics living within its geographically defined area, but non-territorial parishes can also be established within a defined area on a personal basis for Catholics belonging to a particular rite , language, nationality, or community. An example

215-463: A vicar or rector , owing to the vagaries of the feudal tithe system: rectories usually having had greater income) and perhaps supported by one or more curates or deacons - although as a result of ecclesiastical pluralism some parish priests might have held more than one parish living , placing a curate in charge of those where they do not reside. Now, however, it is common for a number of neighbouring parishes to be placed under one benefice in

258-481: A civil parish and is formally recognised as the level of local government below a district council . The traditional structure of the Church of England with the parish as the basic unit has been exported to other countries and churches throughout the Anglican Communion and Commonwealth but does not necessarily continue to be administered in the same way. The parish is also the basic level of church administration in

301-483: A difficult yearlong journey by land and water, they arrived at Unalaska on July 29, 1824. After Father Ioann and his family built and moved into an earthen hut, he set about studying the local languages and dialects. He trained some of his new parishioners in Russian building techniques. With them he undertook the construction of Holy Ascension Church, which was finished the following July. Father Ioann's parish included

344-417: A division within a diocese . A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest , often termed a parish priest , who might be assisted by one or more curates , and who operates from a parish church . Historically, a parish often covered the same geographical area as a manor . Its association with the parish church remains paramount. By extension the term parish refers not only to

387-568: A member of the Holy Governing Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church. On November 19, 1867, he was appointed the Metropolitan of Moscow , succeeding his friend and mentor, Filaret , who had died. As metropolitan, he undertook revisions of many church texts that contained errors, raised funds to improve the living conditions of impoverished priests, and established a retirement home for clergy. Innocent died on March 31, 1879. He

430-530: A missionary priest he took his wife and family with him. In these territories he learned several languages and dialects of the indigenous peoples. He wrote many of the earliest scholarly works about the native peoples of Alaska, including dictionaries and grammars for their languages for which he devised writing systems; also, he wrote religious works in, and translated parts of the Bible into, several of these languages. His books were published beginning in 1840. Innocent

473-406: A parish may be subdivided as a chapelry , with a chapel of ease or filial church serving as the local place of worship in cases of difficulty to access the main parish church. In the wider picture of ecclesiastical polity, a parish comprises a division of a diocese or see . Parishes within a diocese may be grouped into a deanery or vicariate forane (or simply vicariate ), overseen by

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516-618: A review into the organisation of the Church and make recommendations as to its future shape. The group published its report ("Church in Wales Review") in July 2012 and proposed that parishes should be reorganised into larger Ministry Areas (Ardaloedd Gweinidogaeth). It stated that: "The parish system... is no longer sustainable" and suggested that the Ministry Areas should each have a leadership team containing lay people as well as clergy, following

559-433: A subsidiary place of worship to the main parish church. In England civil parishes and their governing parish councils evolved in the 19th century as ecclesiastical parishes began to be relieved of what became considered to be civic responsibilities. Thus their boundaries began to diverge. The word "parish" acquired a secular usage. Since 1895, a parish council elected by public vote or a (civil) parish meeting administers

602-482: A very simple structure. The parish priest visits as often as possible. If and when the community has grown enough, the outstation may become a parish and have a parish priest assigned to it. In the Catholic Church, each parish normally has its own parish priest (in some countries called pastor or provost ), who has responsibility and canonical authority over the parish. What in most English-speaking countries

645-683: A year: March 31, the date of his repose according to the Julian Calendar (April 13 N.S.); October 6, the anniversary of his canonization (September 23 O.S.); and October 18, the Synaxis of the Moscow Hierarchs (October 5 O.S.). Innocent is widely venerated with the epithet Equal-to-apostles as the Orthodox apostle of America. On the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) , Innocent

688-645: Is honored with a feast day on March 30. In the Aleut language – Eastern dialect of the Fox Islands: In the Aleut language – Western dialect of Atka Island In the Aleut language – Eastern dialect of the Fox Islands, with footnotes in the Western dialect of Atka Island In Russian: In English: Parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christian denominations, constituting

731-552: Is termed the "parish priest" is referred to as the "pastor" in the United States , where the term "parish priest" is used of any priest assigned to a parish even in a subordinate capacity. These are called "assistant priests", "parochial vicars", " curates ", or, in the United States, "associate pastors" and "assistant pastors". Each diocese (administrative region) is divided into parishes, each with their own central church called

774-533: Is that of personal parishes established in accordance with the 7 July 2007 motu proprio Summorum Pontificum for those attached to the pre- Vatican II liturgy. The Church of England 's geographical structure uses the local parish church as its basic unit. The parish system survived the Reformation with the Anglican Church's secession from Rome remaining largely untouched; thus, it shares its roots with

817-547: The Catholic Church 's system described below. Parishes may extend into different counties or hundreds and historically many parishes comprised extra outlying portions in addition to its principal district, usually being described as 'detached' and intermixed with the lands of other parishes. Church of England parishes nowadays all lie within one of 42 dioceses divided between the provinces of Canterbury , 30 and York , 12. Each parish normally has its own parish priest (either

860-561: The Church of Scotland . Spiritual oversight of each parish church in Scotland is responsibility of the congregation's Kirk Session . Patronage was regulated in 1711 ( Patronage Act ) and abolished in 1874, with the result that ministers must be elected by members of the congregation. Many parish churches in Scotland today are "linked" with neighbouring parish churches served by a single minister. Since

903-587: The Eastern Orthodox Church , and Lutheran churches, and in some Methodist , Congregationalist and Presbyterian administrations. The eighth Archbishop of Canterbury Theodore of Tarsus (c. 602–690) appended the parish structure to the Anglo-Saxon township unit, where it existed, and where minsters catered to the surrounding district. Broadly speaking, the parish is the standard unit in episcopal polity of church administration, although parts of

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946-540: The Romanisation of the Ancient Greek : παροικία , romanized :  paroikia , "sojourning in a foreign land", itself from πάροικος ( paroikos ), "dwelling beside, stranger, sojourner", which is a compound of παρά ( pará ), "beside, by, near" and οἶκος ( oîkos ), "house". As an ancient concept, the term "parish" occurs in the long-established Christian denominations: Catholic , Anglican Communion ,

989-483: The abolition of parishes as a unit of civil government in Scotland in 1929, Scottish parishes have purely ecclesiastical significance and the boundaries may be adjusted by the local Presbytery. The Church in Wales was disestablished in 1920 and is made up of six dioceses. It retained the parish system and parishes were also civil administration areas until communities were established in 1974, but did not necessarily share

1032-450: The parish church , where religious services take place. Some larger parishes or parishes that have been combined under one parish priest may have two or more such churches, or the parish may be responsible for chapels (or chapels of ease ) located at some distance from the mother church for the convenience of distant parishioners. In addition to a parish church, each parish may maintain auxiliary organizations and their facilities such as

1075-469: The Church's activities in Russian America . While he was there, he received notice that his wife had died during her visit to Irkutsk. He requested permission to return to his hometown. Instead, church officials suggested that he take vows as a monk . Father Ioann at first ignored these suggestions, but, on November 29, 1840, he was tonsured a monk with the name Innocent in honor of Saint Innocent,

1118-449: The charge of a priest who conducts services by rotation, with additional services being provided by lay readers or other non-ordained members of the church community. A chapelry was a subdivision of an ecclesiastical parish in England , and parts of Lowland Scotland up to the mid 19th century. It had a similar status to a township but was so named as it had a chapel which acted as

1161-672: The committee of every local congregation that handles staff support is referred to as the committee on Pastor-Parish Relations. This committee gives recommendations to the bishop on behalf of the parish/congregation since it is the United Methodist Bishop of the episcopal area who appoints a pastor to each congregation. The same is true in the African Methodist Episcopal Church and the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church . In New Zealand,

1204-811: The first bishop of Irkutsk (†1731, commemorated on November 26). He was elevated to the rank of Archimandrite . On December 15, 1840, Archimandrite Innocent was consecrated Bishop of Kamchatka and Kuril Islands in Russia and the Aleutian Islands in Russian America. His see was located in Novoarkhangelsk (Sitka), to which he returned in September 1841. He spent the next nine years administering his diocese as well as taking several long missionary journeys to its remote areas. On April 21, 1850, Bishop Innocent

1247-489: The island of Unalaska and the neighboring groups of Fox and Pribilof islands , occupied by indigenous people who had been converted to Christianity before his arrival. They also retained many of their earlier religious beliefs and customs. Father Ioann often traveled between the islands in a canoe , battling the stormy ocean in the Gulf of Alaska . By his travels through the islands, Father Ioann Veniaminov became familiar with

1290-399: The island were tested positive for Polydnavirus , along with Yunaska . 52°54′17″N 169°10′28″W  /  52.90472°N 169.17444°W  / 52.90472; -169.17444 Ivan Veniaminov Innocent of Alaska ( Russian : Иннокентий ; August 26, 1797 – 12 April [ O.S. March 31] 1879), also known as Innocent Metropolitan of Moscow , was

1333-521: The journey south on a pastoral tour of the southernmost extent of Russian America , landing at Fort Ross in Northern California. While there he conducted a census and performed the sacraments of marriage and baptism for the Russian population and local natives. In 1838, Father Ioann journeyed to St. Petersburg (where on Christmas Day 1839 he was promoted to archpriest ), Moscow and Kiev to report on his activities and request an expansion of

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1376-603: The local dialects. In a short time he mastered six of the dialects. He devised an alphabet using Cyrillic letters for the most widely used dialect, the Unangan dialect of Aleut . In 1828, he translated portions of the Bible and other church material into that dialect. In 1829, he journeyed to the Bering Sea coast of the Alaskan mainland and preached to the people there. In 1834, Father Ioann

1419-694: The principles of 'collaborative ministry'. Over the next decade, the six dioceses all implemented the report, with the final Ministry Areas being instituted in 2022. In the Diocese of St Asaph (Llanelwy), they are known as Mission Areas (Ardaloedd Cenhadaeth) In the United Methodist Church congregations are called parishes, though they are more often simply called congregations and have no geographic boundaries. A prominent example of this usage comes in The Book of Discipline of The United Methodist Church , in which

1462-585: The recently deceased Bishop Veniamin of Irkutsk. In 1817 he married a local priest's daughter named Catherine. On May 18 that year Ivan Veniaminov was ordained a deacon of the Church of the Annunciation in Irkutsk . After completing his studies in 1818, Veniaminov was appointed a teacher in a parish school . On May 18, 1821 he was ordained a priest to serve in the Church of the Annunciation in Irkutsk. In Russian he

1505-402: The result of outreach work "initiated, sponsored and supervised by the mother parishes". Once there is a big enough group of worshippers in the same place, the outstation in named by the bishop of the diocese. They are run by " catechists /evangelists" or lay readers, and supervised by the creator parish or archdeaconry . Outstations are not self-supporting, and in poor areas often consist of

1548-513: The same boundaries. The reduction in the numbers of worshippers, and the increasing costs of maintaining often ancient buildings, led over time to parish reorganisation, parish groupings and Rectorial Benefices (merged parishes led by a Rector). In 2010, the Church in Wales engaged the Rt Rev Richard Harries (Lord Harries of Pentregarth), a former Church of England Bishop of Oxford; Prof Charles Handy; and Prof Patricia Peattie, to carry out

1591-455: The surface of the water. The island has been protected as a rookery for the endangered Steller sea lion , which has been observed during the winter feeding on the fish that inhabit the water nearby. Cassin's auklet once lived in the area, but disappeared. They also disappeared from other Aleutian islands such as Keegaloo , and Ilak Island due to introduced predators, oil spills, and mortality from fisheries interactions. Some animals on

1634-519: The territorial entity but to the people of its community or congregation as well as to church property within it. In England this church property was technically in ownership of the parish priest ex officio , vested in him on his institution to that parish. First attested in English in the late 13th century, the word parish comes from the Old French paroisse , in turn from Latin : paroecia ,

1677-594: Was born Ivan Evseyevich Popov (Иван Евсеевич Попов) on August 26, 1797, into the family of a church server in the village of Anginskoye, Verkholensk District, Irkutsk Governorate , in Russia . His father, Evsey Popov, died when Ivan was six, and Ivan lived with his uncle, the parish deacon, in Anga. In 1807 at age 10, Ivan entered the Irkutsk Theological Seminary , where the rector renamed him Veniaminov in honor of

1720-709: Was buried on April 5, 1879, at Trinity-St. Sergius Lavra , outside Moscow . On October 6 [ O.S. September 23] 1977 the Russian Orthodox Church , acting on the official request of the Orthodox Church in America , glorified ( canonized ) Innocent as a saint , giving him the title "Enlightener of the Aleuts, Apostle to America." Innocent's feast day is celebrated by the Orthodox Church three times

1763-564: Was elevated to archbishop . In 1852 the Yakut area was admitted to the Kamchatka Diocese. In September 1853 Archbishop Innocent took up permanent residence in the town of Yakutsk . Innocent took frequent trips throughout his enlarged diocese. He devoted much energy to the translation of the scriptures and service books into the Yakut (Sakha) language. In April 1865 Archbishop Innocent was appointed

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1806-468: Was known as Father Ioann, the religious version of Ivan. At the beginning of 1823, Bishop Michael of Irkutsk received instructions to send a priest to the island of Unalaska in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. Father Ioann Veniaminov volunteered to go and on May 7, 1823, he departed from Irkutsk, accompanied by his aging mother, his brother Stefan, his wife, and their son, Innocent, an infant. After

1849-674: Was transferred to Sitka Island , to the town of Novoarkhangelsk, later called Sitka . He devoted himself to the Tlingit people and studied their language and customs. From his studies there, he wrote the scholarly works Notes on the Kolushchan and Kodiak Tongues Archived 2010-04-15 at the Wayback Machine and Other Dialects of the Russo-American Territories, with a Russian-Kolushchan Glossary . In 1836, Father Veniaminov made

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