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58-475: The street links Gdańska Street to Józef Weyssenhoff Square . Its northern frontage is a set of tenements and villas built in the first decade of the 20th century. On the southern side are located the Polish Theatre and Jan Kochanowski Park. Adam Mickiewicz Alley has been laid out in 1903, in the conditions of an urban development of the eastern area of Gdańska Street called "Hempelscher Felde": this plot

116-589: A 2 km long stylish houses section, and 1.5 km away to the north the city's barracks and the forest district. In fact the 3.8 km long stretch of road located north of the railway viaduct has a completely different character from the urbanized one, between Gdańsk forest and the Culture and Leisure Forest Park. On the northern outskirts of the city, the street climbs up the 45-meter high Fordoński rising . Along Gdańska street one will find: three churches; four museums ( District museum , Pharmacy museum , Museum of

174-441: A booming trade expansion: craft workshops developed -20 tailors and 25 shoemakers were referenced in the street at the end of the 19th century, as well as small industry and gastronomy. Nonetheless, the street did not suffer from any rapid industrialization process: very few companies (with the exception of G. Rady's factory of artistic metalwork in 1896) did build typical factory buildings on this axis. The only companies operating in

232-467: A large number of tenements constructed before 1914: over 30 tenements by Joseph Święcicki, 19 from Rudolf Kern, 14 from Fritz Weidner and a number of them by other builders (i.e. Karl Bergner, Paul Böhm , Erich Lindenburger ). In 2007, 27 buildings located on Gdańska street were registered on the Pomeranian Heritage List. The oldest preserved building is from the end of the 16th century to

290-428: A major renovation of the facade has been carried out, giving back to the frontage its original design that had been lost since the postwar period. Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship heritage list , Nr.601456-Reg.A/1080/1-2 (December 20, 1994) 1905-1906 Art Nouveau This corner house is characterised by its towering peak topped with a tin roof. 1903 Art Nouveau This corner house displays also

348-422: A mirrored shape of Nr.5, underlying the seal of the same Art Nouveau architect. Frontage adornament is much richer, with loggias , balconies and bay windows topped by helmet-style roof. Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship heritage list , Nr.601380-Reg.A/855 (August 28, 1985) 1905–1906, by Rudolf Kern Art Nouveau The house was built by Bydgoszcz architect Rudolf Kern so as to establish

406-410: A monumental fountain . After 1854, in the western part of the street -between Artyleryjska street and Powstańców Warszawy street- was created a training and shooting area, which resulted in the development of the so-called "Barracks area". In 1861, the newly built Warsaw-Bydgoszcz railway line crossed Gdańska street at Artyleryjska street, cutting off those military areas and putting a provisional end to

464-520: A nice adorned portal. 1903–1904, by Ludwig Otto Wirpelius. Art Nouveau One of the few villas built during the initial development of the street. Gda%C5%84ska Street, Bydgoszcz Gdańska Street is one of the main streets of downtown Bydgoszcz , Poland. Initially, the street was a thoroughfare, but in the second half of the 19th century, it turned residential. It ran from the Brda river to Bydgoszcz northern part of town and has gradually become

522-566: A proper style regarding the surrounding buildings. At the eve of the 20th century, several architecturally interesting buildings, referring to Eclecticism and Art Nouveau , rose in the network of adjacent streets buildings. Such realizations can be found mainly in following places: Krasinski St. , Słowacki St., Adam Mickiewicz Alley , Cieszkowski Street , Paderewski Street , Weyssenhoff Square , 20 January 1920 Street and partly in buildings around Świętojańskiego St., Zamoyskiego St. and Chodkiewicza St. The role of Gdańska Street, till 1850,

580-596: A row of trees, with stretched garlands of vines. At the same time, the Ossolińscy street, continuation of the axis from Weyssenhoff square, was defined in its main features. The northern frontage of Adam Mickiewicz Alley has been conceived from 1903 to 1907 as an homogeneous complex of Berlin Art Nouveau tenements, similar to what has been erected at the same time in Dworcowa Street (Nr.45, 47, 49). In 1910, an addition to

638-592: A warehouse and a fire station during Prussian times . Built in 1901–1902, by Karl Bergner Vienna Secession The house was built for Max Zweininger , the owner of a famous hat manufactory in Bromberg , located on the square . In 1940, arcades have been added on a design by Jan Kossowski. Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List : Nr.601230, reg.A/278, 22nd Jan. 1953 and 12 May 1993. Built in 1550–1618, then rebuilt in 1878 by Alexander Lincke. Neo-Renaissance - Mannerism . Originally part of

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696-522: Is the seat of the Honorary consulate of Czech Republic . 1906-1908 Art Nouveau This building displays highly decorated balconies and bay windows . The roof boasts eyelid dormers . Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship heritage list , Nr.601378, Reg.A/1081 (December 21, 1994) 1906, by Rudolf Kern Art Nouveau The tenement was first ordered by Adolf Berger, a merchant. Less adorned than its neighbours, this building displays anyhow

754-597: The Municipal Stadium to the southern boundaries of the city- is bordered by Forest Park of Culture and Leisure and the Gdańsk Forest . Rich architecturally, Gdańska Street has got many buildings registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage list. Gdańska street was laid in the 1820s, following the old route leading to Gdańsk (parallel to Pomorska street ). The creation of

812-579: The river . In 1615, the Church of Rome took over the Order of Saint Clare , which had a significant impact on the Poor Clares' Church architecture: until the mid-17th century, the building was redesigned in the late Gothic - Renaissance style and the sublime monastery 's cloister connected with the temple. At the end of the 18th century, there were several residential buildings along Gdańska street: in addition to

870-482: The 14th century, was called Gdańska street ( German : Danziger Straße ), while the extension that started in 1820 was named Road of Gdańsk ( Polish : Szosa Gdańska , German : Danziger Chaussee ). Later, with urban development, Gdańska street was the denomination of subsequent extensions (in 1879 it stretched to Warsaw Uprising street intersection). In 1977, the street reached its current administrative length and borders, and therefore "Gdańska street" indicates now

928-478: The 1950s, new buildings in Osiedle Leśne have been constructed, such as the "Zawisza" WKS sports complex . In 1860, the street began to be illuminated with gas lanterns, and with electric lights since 1900. Street on the entire length of the road had paved surfaces, separating curbs , along with a tree line. The sidewalks were laid from granite boards. On May 18, 1888, was launched a horsepowered tram , along

986-475: The Archer Statue has been moved from Theatre square to Jan Kochanowski Park. Most of the facade decorations and reliefs have been deteriorated by lack of treatment during the post-war years. The street has undergone a gradual revitalization after 1990. Between 2002 and 2009, all street facades have been was renovated, and, when possible, restored with their original decorations. This green estate runs on

1044-628: The Army and Sports museum); concert halls ( Academy of Music , "Club Mózg" ) and the seat of Radio PIK ; the oldest hotel of the city ( Hotel "Pod Orlem" ); one of the oldest department stores, the Department Store "Jedynak" built on the like of Berlin and Paris department stores at the beginning of the 20th century; landscape architecture, including " Marian Rejewski on a bench" and "The Wanderer" , as well as two sculptures created with dead trees Woman in pigeons at Nr.30 and As soon as we play at

1102-684: The Brda River , Gdańsk Gates, Carmelite Church (now Theatre Square ) and the Old Church of the Holy Spirit (now Poor Clares' Church ). The area has been the place where downtown townspeople used for their annual shooting competition, awarded by the "Golden Hen" badge". The first intersection in Gdańska street - with Dworcowa street and Pomorska street - is located at the medieval road fork leading to Koronowo . The pace of urban center development to

1160-404: The Church, an inn was standing at the crossroads with the road to Koronowo and Świecie . In 1816, Gliszczyński family established another inn at the location of the current Hotel "Pod Orlem" . The rapid development of building frontage along the entire length of Gdańska street took place after 1835. Around 1860, edifices extended up to the crossing with Śniadeckich street, then in 1870 up to

1218-609: The Honorary Consulate of Ukraine (at Nr.76). A walk through Gdańska Street and nearby areas gives an overview of styles and trends of last two centuries construction style. One-storey houses (representing suburban housing type) mix with two and three story tenements (close to 100 of them), as well as urban four and five story buildings and monumental buildings. More than 90% of the building in Gdańska Street dates back from before 1920. Half of them have been built or rebuilt in

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1276-464: The architect Rudolf Kern, a student of Józef Święcicki, for his own use, private and business: he has lived there until 1922. 1948–1949, by Alfons Licznerski Modern architecture Hieronim Konieczka Polish Theatre in Bydgoszcz is the largest and best known theatre of the city. It is set at Nr.2. Current director is Paweł Wodziński. 1904–1905, by Erich Lindenburger Art Nouveau The building

1334-457: The area were quite modest and housed in buildings backyards. The shop on Gdańska street which has the longest history is the pharmacy "Under the Swan" , located at Nr.5 since 1853. At the beginning of the 20th century, department stores began to appear: in 1910, Modehaus Bromberg lasted a couple of years in 1911, Department Store "Kaufhaus Conitzer & Söhne" ; in 1919, Boniface Cyrus shop . At

1392-517: The beginning of the 17th century: the Church of the Poor Clares . However, the vast majority of monuments comprises stylish townhouses have been built between 1880 and 1914. Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List (Nr.601229 Reg.A/209), 31 March 1931 Built in 1582-1602 & 1618–1645. Gothic - Renaissance - Baroque . The oldest building in Gdańska Street, it has been used as

1450-417: The beginning of the 20th century, the street was also the address of 5 banks seat. Gdańska Street had also an important role in catering and entertainment business. During the 19th century and first half of the 20th century, it was the venue of restaurants and cafés for wealthy people, locations for modest retailshops, brasseries, as well as concert halls , hotels, theaters, cinemas . The street also housed

1508-464: The city center of trade and entertainment. During the interwar period , Gdańska street was the third longest street in Bydgoszcz with a total length of 3.19 km. The street connects the Old Town Road with the northern areas of Bydgoszcz agglomeration. The southern part is the real "vertebrate column" of Bydgoszcz downtown and the most architecturally representative, while the northern part - from

1566-541: The conservatoire came from Vienna , Dresden , Regensburg , Prague , Rome , Moscow and Warsaw , classes comprised Germans and Poles. Wilhelm von Winterfeld, second director since 1914, had the school moved in the early 1930s to larger premises at Gdańska Street, 54 (from where it moved again to Gdańska Street 71 in 1939). The interiors of the building in Adam Mickiewicz Alley have been entirely rebuilt to turn classrooms and auditorium into flats. In 2002-2004

1624-495: The end of the 19th century, the predominant style was Neo-Classicism : tenements were built with simple, symmetrical facades and usually modest decoration. In the last quarter of the 19th century, classicism forms were tinged with Neo-Renaissance , Neo-Gothic and Neo-Baroque elements. Between 1885 and 1898, Bydgoszcz's architect Józef Święcicki built 21 edifices along Gdańska street, and associated Eclecticism with different new styles: some of his projects permanently etched

1682-468: The evolution of Gdańska street were the setting up of Freedom Square ( German : Weltzienplatz , Polish : Plac Wolności ) in 1854, and Adam Mickiewicz Alley in 1903, since they particularly influenced sections of Gdańska street in these areas. On Freedom Square has been established consecutively: in 1876 the Evangelical parish church ; in 1893 an equestrian statue of Kaiser Wilhelm I ; and in 1904

1740-473: The first private music school in the city, the Conservatoire of Bydgoszcz ( German : Bromberger Konservatorium der Musik ). The school was founded in 1904 on the initiative of Arnold Schattschneider and was originally located at Gdańska Street 24, ( German : Dantzigerstrasse 158 ). The space in the building was soon too scarce, and decision was made to build a new edifice at Adam Mickiewicz Alley, using

1798-457: The first seat of Provincial and Municipal Public Library at Nr.27 . Each September, since 2002, the "Gdańska Street Festival" ( (in Polish) Święto Ulicy Gdańskiej) is the time for outdoor events, concerts and competitions held in different places and buildings along the street. The main organizer of the event is Bydgoszcz's branch of Gazeta Wyborcza . Gdańska Street is 7.3 kilometers long, with

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1856-410: The former monastery of the Poor Clares, the building has been used as a municipal hospital and has received an additional wing along the Gdańska street in 1878, with Neo-Renaissance and Mannerism styles. Built in 1853-1863 and 1909 by Rudolf Kern Vienna Secession . The ground floor of the building still houses one of the oldest pharmacies of Bydgoszcz , "Pod Łabędziem" ( Under the Swan ) and

1914-515: The frontage, consisting of villas and houses has been erected. The perspective of the street to the east has been closed by the building of the Institute of Agriculture (Ger. Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Landwirtschaft ), then the first high school scientific department in Bromberg . In 1949, the Polish Theatre has been completed, standing at the intersection with 20 January 1920 Street . In 1960,

1972-454: The further development of the street to the north, especially on the eastern side. Currently, the highest administrative number is 260, corresponding to the Forest district (" Myślęcinek ") area. The origins of road construction dates back to 1448, when were erected the buildings of the Old Church and Hospital of the Holy Spirit (now Poor Clares' Church ), just on the immediate northern side of

2030-540: The intersection of Gdańska St. and Słowacki Street. A third sculpture, "The Awakening elves" , can be found right in Jan Kochanowski Park near Adam Mickiewicz Alley : a modern shopping mall ; the 5 villas and about 145 houses, 50 of which have richly decorated facades in styles referring to the Neo-Renaissance , Neo-Gothic , Neo-Baroque , German Historicism , Secession and Modern architecture ; as well as

2088-701: The lengthy construction process made the ensemble of the whole street much diversified. Adjacent houses, hence, generally come from different eras, with different scales and styles. Originally sections up to Świętojańska street consisted mainly of tenements for rent, and further north were reserved plots for construction of grander buildings with front-garden. Between 1890 and 1914 a significant increased number of grandiose buildings were constructed including: nine grand habitation houses, at Nr.16, 27, 30, 34, 51, 55, 63, 62 and 95; and several reconstructed or built villas for rich industrialists and bureaucrats, like at Nr.48 & 50, with dominant architectural importance. Until

2146-533: The monumental military school building , the headquarters of Pomeranian Military District, the building that housed NATO Training Center from 2004 to 2010 and the Inspectorate for Logistic Armed Forces; an old water supply station from 1900; a group of military barracks from the second half of the 19th century; the largest sports complex in the city; the largest leisure city park in Poland (city park "Myślęcinek"); and

2204-534: The north-west has increased from 1850 on, after the construction of Railway Main Station in Bocianowo district which became city area. Gdańska street quickly became a central representative thoroughfare, and developed as a new city ( German : Neue Stadt ). Inextricably linked with the development of the street was the construction of cross and parallel streets, enabling Gdańska street to connect to downtown district (on

2262-411: The northern extension. It was only in the 1930s, after a level crossing had been established, that further developments towards Forest district could resume. Street attractiveness declined after World War II . After 1996, a gradual revitalization began. In 1998, initial sections of the street (from downtown to Freedom Square ) had their car traffic significantly reduced. In 2002–2007, a modernization of

2320-453: The opportunity of the urban development of the "Hempelscher Feldethe" area. Construction lasted from December 1905 to October 1906 when an opening concert took place for the opening of the new school premises. The building displays Art Nouveau style, using rich decorative forms. The facade is balanced with vertical and horizontal lines as well as balconies having each their own designed railing. The main entrance had two doors: one leading to

2378-525: The other side of Brda river), the Bocianowo district to the west, and Grodztwo, Bielawy and Forest ( (in Polish) Leśne) districts to the east. This network of adjacent streets was created between 1850 and the early years of the 20th century. The only surviving old streets lattice, dating back to the Middle Ages, consists of Focha , Jagiellońska , Dworcowa and Pomorska streets. Important milestones in

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2436-457: The pavement was performed, as well as roads and streetcar railways, and stylish lighting has been installed. Continuous work is also underway to restore buildings facades and interiors. In 2005 and 2006, two sculptures by Michał Kubiak were unveiled: "The Wanderer" and " Marian Rejewski on a bench". Since Gdańska Street was formed in two steps, it had originally two names. Its primary section - from Brda river to Dworcowa street - dating back to

2494-668: The picturesque current; Rudolf Kern , the German Secession ; Alfred Schleusener and Paul Sellner the early Modern Architecture . Houses built in the 1930s in the northern part of the street follows so-called International Style with simple cubic lumps, like Jan Kossowski's works. After World War II, building architecture was styleless, as displayed in the features from this period: Supermarket "Rywal" (1971-1973) at Nr.47 or three typical houses at Nr.23, 53 & 76. Three new edifices have been erected between 1990 and 2005 in Gdańska Street, Nr.121, 125 & 139, none of which fits into

2552-522: The plots all the way to Świętojańskia street, has been drawn around the 1850s and their limits are still the same today. The parcelling process of properties on Gdańska street and their numbering was finally completed in February 1931, followed by the administrative imposition for even-numbered (eastern side) and odd ones (on the west). Between 1879 and 1931, 169 numbers were registered and since 1931, 190 are in use in total. Following adjustments were related to

2610-529: The railway (named after Józef Święcicki ), has been rebuilt in 1968 and 2006, and the level crossing was closed. In 1989, a viaduct was built for the tram and a tram terminal set up in the immediate vicinity of the Forest Park of Culture and Leisure , at the intersection with Rekreacyjna street. In 2012 first contraflow lanes for cyclists have appeared in Gdańska street. The landscape of Gdańska street has remained unchanged for over 150 years. Be that as it may,

2668-460: The road leading from Bydgoszcz Old Town up to the northern boundary of the city. Successive names of the street in its historic section are as follows: * 1820-1920 – Danziger Straße / Danziger Chaussee; 1920-1939 – Gdańska street; 1939-1945 – Adolf-Hitler-Straße; 1945-1990 – 1 May Avenue, and since 1990 – Gdańska street. Once Gdańska street set up, the land situated on both sides has been divided into plots and sold to individuals. Probably most of

2726-411: The same Art Nouveau grandeur, with loggias and bay windows , as well as a curved top frontage and dormers on the gable . Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship heritage list , Nr.601379, Reg.A/1082 (January 10, 1995) 1904–1905, by Rudolf Kern Art Nouveau The tenement was commissioned by the brothers Rosentjal, Otto and Theodor, who also co-developed the project. Nr.7 looks like

2784-417: The so-called "Red" line (from Theatre Square to Dworcowa street) and in 1892 a second line, "Green", has been launched (along the entire length of Gdańska street to the artillery barracks). Trams were electrified in 1896, and in 1937, in connection with the creation of the district Forest, a bus line has been launched. In 1932, with the construction of Polish Coal Trunk-Line , a viaduct has been built over

2842-970: The southern side of Adam Mickiewicz Alley, between January 20, 1920 street on the west and Ignac Paderewski street on the east, extending to the south till the Pomeranian Philharmonic . Frontages on Mickiewicz alley (Nr.1 to 9) compose a complex of townhouses inscribed in the German variant of Art Nouveau architecture (Ger. "Jugendstil"). Predominant forms evoke quietness, through varied bay windows , divided balconies and loggias integrating wavy lines, wavy gables , vaulted windows and portals . Decoration combines organic themes with geometric forms, like rectangular and square shapes, grouped in series and friezes . The ensemble reminds also Baroque style at by applying domes avant-corps and towers topped with peaks . The architects who designed those buildings were all inspired by Berlin architecture, "en vogue" at

2900-455: The staircase to the conservatoroire, the other going to private spaces for the landlord and the school headmaster. Inside, the school housed classrooms, instruments, an extensive library and a concert hall with Neo-Baroque features. In the concert hall was organized symphonic concerts, chamber music events, concerts of students and monthly subscription concerts. In smaller venues were classes for piano, violin, cello and choral singing. Teachers of

2958-401: The street is associated with the expansion of the city to the north, which happened after 1816, when the city bought the land east of the route to Gdańsk . The thoroughfare has been designed as a straight line, 26 meters wide: the land on both sides was then divided into plots, which became the property of individuals. At the beginning suburbs were limited to the area delimited by the bridge on

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3016-422: The street landscape with Neo-Baroque designs, such as Nr.14, 36, 63, or 1 Freedom Square. Best instance is Hotel Pod Orlem at 1 Gdańska street which is now a real showcase of Bydgoszcz's architecture. At the beginning of the 20th century, houses were built following German Historicism , pioneering architecture style. As such, specific architects possessed their own characteristics: Fritz Weidner represented

3074-525: The time: For almost the entire post-war period, tenements have been property of the state. In 1990, the city of Bydgoszcz owned them back, but at the time, they were falling into disrepair as a result of underinvestment, lack of maintenance and general neglect of Art Nouveau monuments. Buildings have been restored after 2002. Registered on Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship heritage list , Nr.601377-Reg.A/1086 (November 20, 1995) 1903–1904, by Rudolf Kern Art Nouveau The tenement has been designed by

3132-694: The years 1890–1914, when wealthy Bydgoszcz inhabitants put proudness in architecture, fashioning different styles, from Neo-Renaissance , Neo-Gothic , Neo-Baroque , to Secession and early Modern architecture . Buildings along Gdańska Street are realizations of Bydgoszcz/Bromberg 's most prominent architects, including: Józef Święcicki (21 buildings, 20 still left); Fritz Weidner - 8 buildings; Rudolf Kern - 7 buildings; Karl Bergner - 5 buildings; Alfred Schleusener - 3 buildings; Carl Rose - 2 buildings; Paul Sellner - 2 buildings. Some of them were architects from Berlin , like Heinrich Seeling , Otto Walther or W. Hildebrandt. In side streets, there are

3190-430: The Świętojański street, while basic, core building across Kamienna street -where there was a level crossing- was established in 1890. After 1900 were built the first large buildings in the northern part of the street including: Water Supply station (1899-1900); War College building (1913-1914); buildings within the newly created Forest district ( Polish : Osiedle Leśne ) after 1933, like houses at Nr.208 to 238. In

3248-458: Was bought in the 1890s by the municipality to develop its urban plans based on a garden city concept developed by Hermann Stübben . The highlight of the whole project was the Bülow street , then one of the most beautiful and widest thoroughfare of the city. It comprised a dual carriageway starting from Dantziger strasse , running eastward. The perspective was particularly taken care of, emphasized by

3306-439: Was originally commissioned by a merchant, Georg Woodtke. In the interwar , Feliks Kopp's family lived there: he was the son of Wilhelm, entrepreneur who established a successful cleaning and dyehouse factory at Świętej Trójcy Street . Characteristic features are the adorned portal and decorative gable ; the façade has pilaster strips which accentuates vertical divisions. Bay windows are divided with loggias . This building

3364-524: Was principally that of a means of communication; after this date, it became a representative, bourgeois area and the expanding axis of downtown Bydgoszcz . The buildings giving onto the street have been housing a mix of wealthy representative officials, manufacturers and traders of different professions, whereas craftsmen and laborers lived in the outbuildings and more modest homes. Habitation ground floors were generally designed to house commercial or catering service. The area of Gdańska Street soon experienced

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